Efficiency - Science topic

This paper provides an Optimal Centralized Charging Station (OCCS) mechanism using an Optimal Commercialized Demand Response (OCDR) program coupled with three efficiency contingency factors (i.e., rolling resistance, aerodynamic drag, and traffic flow inertia) that are faced by commercial EVs. Additionally, this paper provides a detailed formulatio...

According to the REDD + Program, it is necessary to monitor, quantify and report the forest system status of protected areas. Having this in mind the objective of this work is to delimit the growing seasons of Chaco Semi-arid Forest (FCHS) in Copo National Park (CNP), Santiago del Estero, Argentina, in the 2000-2022 period using time series of NDVI...

This study aims to investigate the relative operational efficiency of major Turkish container ports based on the DEA-SCOR model. While Turkish export and import figures are growing, the scientifical studies on operational efficiency of Turkish ports are gaining more attention day by day. Of course, one of the important import countries is China for...

Soil sampling is a fundamental stage for recommending agricultural correctives and fertilizers, estimating the nutritional demands of plants, and consequently maximizing productivity. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the performance of three soil samplers in different management systems in terms of sample quality and operational efficiency. A...

In fiber-based optical receivers such as coherent receiver, the optical signal reaching the receiver's aperture is coupled to the optical fiber through a set of lenses. Due to atmospheric turbulence, however, the coupling efficiency, which is defined by the ratio of the fiber-coupled optical power to the optical power reaching the aperture, fluctua...

Nitrogen is crucial for plant growth and development, and improving nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) is a viable strategy for reducing dependence on nitrogen inputs and promoting sustainability. While the benefits of heterosis in corn are well known, the physiological mechanisms underlying this phenomenon in popcorn are less understood. We aimed to in...

This research paper examines the role of legal strategies in promoting resource efficiency and waste management within the context of sustainable consumption and production. It investigates the various legal mechanisms, regulations, and policy frameworks that aim to enhance sustainability in the production and consumption patterns of goods and serv...

Sugarcane is a major cash crop grown in India. Several empirical, semi-empirical and mechanistic models have been used to compute and predict sugarcane yield using satellite data. Reliable data predictions are necessary for important decision-making situations. This study attempted a semi-empirical Light Use Efficiency (LUE) model to compute the fi...

The relationship between sleep dynamics and blood pressure (BP) changes is well established. Moreover, sleep efficiency and wakefulness during sleep (WASO) events have a significant impact on BP dipping. Despite this knowledge, there is limited research on the measurement of sleep dynamics and continuous blood pressure (CBP). This study aims to exp...

Recruitment intensity is important for the matching process in the labor market. Using unique linked survey-administrative data, we investigate the relationships between hiring and recruitment policies at the establishment level. Faster hiring goes along with higher search effort, lower hiring standards and more generous wages. We develop a directe...

Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome (WPW) has been associated with reduced local myocardial deformation, and when left ventricular dysfunction is present, catheter ablation of the accessory pathway may be required, even in asymptomatic patients. We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of non-invasive myocardial work in predicting subtle abnormalities...

The high-end equipment manufacturing industry is a strategic sector for China’s manufacturing transformation and upgrading. However, this industry is facing a series of challenges, such as insufficient innovation capabilities and poor business operations. This paper uses the super-efficiency SBM model to calculate the operating efficiency of listed...

Perovskite materials have gained considerable attention in recent years for their potential to improve the efficiency of solar cells. This study focuses on optimizing the efficiency of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) by investigating the thickness of the methylammonium-free absorber layer in the device structure. In the study we used a SCAPS-1D simul...

Nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) are the three most important mineral nutrients for crop growth and development. We previously constructed a genetic map of unigenes (UG-Map) based on their physical positions using a RIL population derived from the cross of “TN18 × LM6” (TL-RILs). In this study, a total of 18 traits related to mineral...

Photosynthesis is the largest mass- and energy-conversion process on Earth, and it is the material basis for almost all biological activities. The efficiency of converting absorbed light energy into energy substances during photosynthesis is very low compared to theoretical values. Based on the importance of photosynthesis, this article summarizes...

Permeable pavement is a highly effective technology in Low-Impact Development (LID) for managing stormwater runoff, which helps mitigate environmental impacts. Filters are essential components of permeable pavement systems as they prevent permeability reduction, remove pollutants, and enhance the system’s overall efficiency. This research paper foc...

It is well-known that non-covalent interactions play an essential role in the functioning of biomolecules in living organisms. The significant attention of researchers is focused on the mechanisms of associates formation and the role of the chiral configuration of proteins, peptides, and amino acids in the association. We have recently demonstrated...

Given the merits of affordable cost, superior low‐temperature performance, and advanced safe properties, sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) have exhibited great development potential in large scale energy storage applications. Among various emerging carbonaceous anode materials applied for SIBs, hard carbon (HC) has recently gained significant attention r...

Magnetic CuFe2O4 powder obtained by sol−gel method and coupled photocatalysis was used to activate peroxydisulfate for tetracycline (TC) removal. A scanning electron microscope, X−ray diffraction Raman spectroscopy and FT−TR were used to characterize the catalysts. The degradation efficiency and stability of TC were highest under neutral conditions...

This study aimed to estimate heritabilities for weekly body weight traits, the Gompertz growth curve parameters, and feed efficiency characteristics, as well as genetic correlations among characteristics. A total of 700 Japanese quails with pedigree records were used in this study. Body weight and feed consumption were measured individually on a we...

Renewable electricity-powered NO3 - reduction reaction (NO3 RR) offers a net-zero carbon route to the realization of high NH3 productivity. However, this route suffers from low energy efficiency (EE, with a half-cell EE commonly <36%), since high overpotentials are required to overcome the weak NO3 - binding affinity and sluggish NO3 RR kinetics. T...

This report is based on the results of solid waste management assessment carried out in Barangay 76, Zone 10 in Pasay City from July to December 2020 for the research project “Solid Waste Collection Efficiency Assessment of Selected Local Government Units Along Manila Bay”. The project generally aims to determine the collection and performance eff...

High-purity hydrogen is extensively employed in chemical vapor deposition, and the existence of methane impurity significantly impacts the device performance. Therefore, it is necessary to purify hydrogen to remove methane. The ZrMnFe getter commonly used in the industry reacts with methane at a temperature as high as 700 °C, and the removal depth...

This paper presents the application of higher-grade magnetic material for performance improvement of interior permanent magnet synchronous motors (IPMSM) for high-speed applications. The efficiency and weight of the motor are important performance parameters for high-speed applications. Efficiency improvement with simultaneous weight reduction is t...

The purpose of this study is to calculate the efficiency ratio of the main propulsion engine of the sister ship. Based on the research focus that has been described in the problem formulation, the type of research used is a type of quantitative research using comparative descriptive methods. This study took data on 2 (two) PELNI passenger ships doc...

The article deals with the issues of hydropower, analyzes the working process of the Kaplan hydroturbine, identifies its shortcomings, which do not make it possible to maximize its efficiency. To improve the efficiency of the hydraulic turbine, a new schematic diagram of the hydraulic turbine is proposed, which differs from the well-known Kaplan hy...

Since unexpected event occurrences are inevitable, an efcient and efective rescheduling approach is critical in freight railway day-today operations. Represented by the minimal-delay objectives, the most commonly used efciency-oriented approach ignores the role of train priority and poses equity problems in rescheduling. For equity, diferent train...

Molecularly imprinted polymers are prepared in the presence of a template. They have been shown to resolve enantiomers when used as stationary phases for liquid chromatography. However, the separation efficiency is not as good as that observed with silica stationary phases. This manuscript identifies the main problems as the slow transfer kinetics...

While the conceptual underpinnings of the circular economy (CE) date back to the 1970s, the concept has recently become a major discourse in contemporary sustainability debates. The idea of CE, as it is now understood, is thus rather new and remains in conceptual development. Moreover, it is a contested concept with many different circular visions...

10kV+ rated 4H- Silicon Carbide (SiC) Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors (IGBTs) have the potential to become the devices of choice in future Medium Voltage (MV) and High Voltage (HV) power converters. However, one significant performance concern of SiC IGBTs is the extremely fast collector voltage rise (dV/dt) observed during inductive turn-off. S...

Underground gas storage (UGS) is a crucial method for mitigating seasonal fluctuations in natural gas consumption. However, in China, UGS is primarily achieved through the conversion of abandoned gas reservoirs with limited storage capacity. Radial jet drilling (RJD) is an effective technology for the secondary development of depleted reservoirs. T...

The efficiency of Ni/TiO2 catalysts for renewable diesel production was evaluated in the present study. Two series of catalysts were synthesized and characterized using various physicochemical techniques (N2 physisorption, XRD, SEM, XPS, H2-TPR, and NH3–TPD). In the first series of catalysts, successive dry impregnations (SDI) were used for deposit...

Efficiency and engagement are considered to be the most critical components of teaching and learning. Teachers have always strived to maximize student involvement and quality participation with the help of various teaching techniques and strategies. The purpose of this study was to explore the ongoing online learning process in language classes and...

An incomplete understanding of how agrochemical nanocarrier properties affect their uptake and translocation in plants limits their application for promoting sustainable agriculture. Herein, we investigated how the nanocarrier aspect ratio and charge affect uptake and translocation in monocot wheat (Triticum aestivum) and dicot tomato (Solanum lyco...

Hole cleaning for the majority of vertical and directional drilling wells continues to be a substantial difficulty despite improvements in drilling fluids, equipment, field techniques, and academic and industrial research. Poor hole cleaning might cause issues such as stuck pipe incidents, drilling cuttings accumulation, torque and drag, the errati...

Semi-coke is a product of low-temperature pyrolysis by low-rank coal, with a composition similar to that of anthracite for pulverized coal injection (PCI). Herein, we investigated the differences in grindability and combustibility between semi-coke and anthracite, analyzed the compositional and microstructural characteristics related to the perform...

Betting on sports is increasingly popular, and legal in the United States. Many states have moved to legalize sports betting both in-person and on-line. In this paper we evaluate the sports betting market and assess its efficiency in the financial sense. Using a large dataset of betting odds and outcomes across a wide range of sports over an extend...

SnO2 as an electron transport layer (ETL) has been widely used in regular planar perovskite solar cells (PSCs) owing to its high optical transmittance, less photocatalytic activity, and low‐temperature processing. However, SnO2‐based PSCs still face many challenges which greatly impair their efficiency and stability of PSCs. Herein, a novel and eff...

The quest for high efficiency and low-cost energy storage solutions has become increasingly important in today's energy landscape. This paper focuses on the role of hybridization and advanced technologies in driving the development of such energy storage systems. The abstract provides a brief overview of the key findings and insights regarding the...

Approximately 90 million of Nigeria's residents are without electricity access; this represents 12.5% of the world's population without access. Nigeria is challenged in meeting goal 7 of the sustainable development goals (SDGs) due to inadequate power generation to meet demands, poor transmission networks and insufficient investment. Proposing ener...

In this paper, an attempt is made to build an effective solar photovoltaic (PV) system considering geographical aspects such as irradiance and temperature using the single-diode equation model. Furthermore, a comparative analysis of various DC-DC converters (buck, boost, inverting buck-boost, non-inverting buck-boost (NIBB), Cuk, and single-ended p...

All proposals should be submitted through the eEditorial Discovery® online submission manager-Link below): https://www.igi-global.com/publish/call-for-papers/call-details/6516 Click on the following link for more details (Also, see the attached flyer for more details): https://www.igi-global.com/book/data-envelopment-analysis-dea-methods/3216...

Solar energy is regarded as the finest clean and green energy generation method to replace fossil fuel-based energy and repair environmental harm. The more expensive manufacturing processes and procedures required to extract the silicon utilized in silicon solar cells may limit their production and general use. To overcome the barriers of silicon,...

Hybrid energy storage systems have emerged as a promising solution to optimize energy storage performance while minimizing costs. This paper focuses on the optimization of hybrid energy storage systems to achieve high efficiency at low costs. It explores various strategies and techniques to maximize the utilization and effectiveness of different st...

Dynamical (i.e., model-based) methods are widely used by forecasting centers to generate seasonal streamflow forecasts, building upon process-based hydrological models that require parameter specification (i.e., calibration). Here, we investigate the extent to which the choice of calibration objective function affects the quality of seasonal (sprin...

Hybridization strategies for energy storage have gained significant attention as a means to strike a balance between efficiency and affordability in energy storage systems. This paper focuses on exploring various hybridization approaches and techniques that enable the integration of different energy storage technologies to optimize system performan...

Abstract. The article decontaminates cotton performed to increase the cleaning efficiency of the equipment The results of the experiment are presented. From the results of the experiment, it was found that the process of cleaning cotton the mesh surface with the pile drum to the degree of contamination in it during transmission if the gap is not se...

Background: Worldwide, interruptions are pervasive during nurse medication administration and associated with increased frequency and severity of errors. Interruptions also decrease task efficiency which can lead to delayed or omitted patient care. Interruptions cannot always be avoided in healthcare settings; thus, researchers recommend the use of...

High-efficiency solar cells with low manufacturing costs have been recently accomplished utilizing different technologies. III-V-based tandem solar cells have exhibited performance enhancement with a recent efficiency of greater than 39% under AM1.5G and 47% under concentration. Integration of such III-V materials on a relatively cheap Silicon (Si)...

Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) is a technique used in photovoltaic (PV) systems to maximize the power output from the solar panel by constantly tracking and adjusting the optimal operating point. To achieve this, various algorithms have been developed, with Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) being a widely used method. By adjusting the control...

National trends of energy and economic indicators have been analysed in relation to greenhouse gas emissions and energy consumption. Particular attention was paid to the power sector, one of the main players in the national energy system. The role of driving factors for GHG emission trends has been analyzed, such as economic growth, fossil and rene...

In this letter, we introduce a design of virtual guarded SiPMs fabricated in a standard 0.35 μm standard complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) process. We compare the performance of these virtual guarded cells (VGC) to that of conventional cells with real guard rings, referred to as physical guarded cells (PGC). Specifically, we evaluate t...

The demand for efficient and cost-effective energy storage solutions has increased significantly with the growing need for renewable energy integration and grid stability. Hybridization techniques, which combine multiple energy storage technologies, offer promising opportunities to achieve high efficiency and low-cost energy storage systems. This p...

The purpose of this study was to clarify the association between improvement of spasticity in hemiplegic patient’s upper extremity with Botulinum toxin injection and improvement in postural balance and gait function. For this prospective cohort study, sixteen hemiplegic stroke patients with upper extremity spasticity were recruited. The plantar pre...

Morphology control greatly influences the power conversion efficiency (PCE) and long-term stability of all-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs); however, it remains challenging owing to their complex crystallization behavior. Herein, we introduced a small amount of Y6 (2 wt%) as a solid additive into a PM6:PY-DT blend. Y6 remained inside the active layer...

During the individual waves of the COVID-19 pandemic, several areas have been significantly changed in our society. Especially during its first wave in the spring of 2020, lockdowns began to be introduced practically overnight and several strict anti-pandemic measures were adopted in most countries of the world, which changed the lives of all resid...

Many metrics exist for the evaluation of binary classifiers, all with their particular advantages and shortcomings. Recently, an “Efficiency Index” (EI) for the evaluation of classifiers has been proposed, based on the consistency (or matching) and contradiction (or mismatching) of outcomes. This metric and its confidence intervals are easy to calc...

Inorganic perovskite solar cells (IPSCs) have garnered attention in tandem solar cells (TSCs) due to their suitable bandgap and impressive thermal stability. However, the efficiency of inverted IPSCs has been limited by the high trap density on the top surface of inorganic perovskite film. Herein, we developed a method for fabricating efficient IPS...

The Geometry Automated-Theorem-Provers (GATP) based on the deductive database method use a data-based search strategy to improve the efficiency of forward chaining. An implementation of such a method is expected to be able to efficiently prove a large set of geometric conjectures, producing readable proofs. The number of conjectures a given impleme...

Background By evaluating equity and effectiveness, this study provides evidence-based knowledge for scientific decision-making and the optimization of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) configuration and utilization at the provincial level. Methods Using data from 2017, we applied a Gini coefficient to analyze the equity of MRI services in 11 sample...

Modern management requires the highest level of analytics and the optimisation of business processes with a low risk of poor management decisions. These are essential since rapid changes in the financial world and the external environment can have critical effects. The direction of a company’s growth and the effectiveness of its management systems...

Wood-based sandwich panels are building products composed of two skins attached to a lightweight continuous core in which at least one skin is made of wood-based products, contributing to the use of renewable forest goods. Since the connection between the skins and the core is often provided by adhesive bonding, its characteristics affect the mecha...

The increasing carbon emissions from various fossil fuels have led to the search for efficient and clean energy sources to replace them. Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are a promising alternative, but the use of platinum as a catalyst material poses challenges due to its limited resources and low abundance. This study proposes an effi...

Due to regional differences, different parts of the country attach different importance to green development, resulting in different measures and effects. In order to comprehensively and directly evaluate the benefits of new green kinetic energy and compare and analyze between different regions, this paper studies the measurement and influencing fa...

Energy efficiency is, in principle, a simple idea: an output of human value, for example, vehicle-km traveled, divided by the needed input energy. Efficiency improvements are regarded by many as an important means of mitigating not only climate change, but also other environmental problems. Accordingly, many countries have efficiency ratings for ap.