Science topic
Ecological Modeling - Science topic
This group is focused on dicussion and knowledge exchange within the scope of ecological modelling
Questions related to Ecological Modeling
Generally speaking, I was checking if the presence of animal carcasses could be determined based on the chemical composition of the soil. I know that in the context of ecological modeling and environmental data analysis, the moderate predictive power of models, as suggested by the R² values presented in my analysis (around 38%), is often considered acceptable. I used GLM. I am having trouble finding scientific articles to support this... I am only finding articles from the "social sciences". Can you help?
Hello Experts,
I am trying to run an SDM for present and future conditions using Maxent, but the picture of the model appears to be not identical as well as losing a block of pixels near the top of the study area. Note that I had set my study area shape file in 'processing extend' and 'raster analysis' sections while extracting the layers. All the variables were processed at the same extent and cell size for maxent analysis.
Here I attached my study area, present, and future distribution for your convenience.
What could be the possible solution?
Thank you.
I have a distribution map produced with only presence data. And there is a certain number of presence data that is in no way included in the model. How can I evaluate the compatibility of the presence data not included in the model I have with the predictive values corresponding to these points in the potential distribution map? So we can also think like this: I have two columns. The first column has only 1 values, the second column has the predictive values. Which method would be the best approach to examine the relationship between these two columns?
What kind of scientific research dominate in the field of The importance of biodiversity, the environment, environmental protection?
Please reply. I invite you to the discussion
I would like to learn about the ecosystem/population modeling methods. I work in the field of freshwater fish ecology. Does anyone know of a course or workshop on this topic (for beginners and in Europe)?
Thanks in advance for any recomendation!
Michaela
Hello,
I am doing an analysis to compare the growth of corals during one year. This is part of a coral restauration project. The corals are growing in different structures. To do the analysis, I did a linear mixed model including the site where those corals are located (there are two sites) and the origin (three sites where the corals are from). The response variable is area (of the corals, measured with ImageJ, we took photographts of the structures). Also, due to the data being recorded each month, I use the structure where the corals are as random effects (that's why I use a lmm). Now, I haven´t been able to test the sphericity assumption for repeated measures anova, does anyone know how to do that? I'm using R to analyse the data. Also, if I'd want to compare the sites (or the origin) to test differences between them (one site to another, or one origin site to another origin site), do i need the sphericity assumpition or is the assumption only for comparing within time? An additional problem is that one site has no corals from one of the origins.
Hi, I was hoping someone could recommend papers that discuss the impact of using averaged data in random forest analyses or in making regression models with large data sets for ecology.
For example, if I had 4,000 samples each from 40 sites and did a random forest analysis (looking at predictors of SOC, for example) using environmental metadata, how would that compare with doing a random forest of the averaged sample values from the 40 sites (so 40 rows of averaged data vs. 4,000 raw data points)?
I ask this because a lot of the 4,000 samples have missing sample-specific environmental data in the first place, but there are other samples within the same site that do have that data available.
I'm just a little confused on 1.) the appropriateness of interpolating average values based on missingness (best practices/warnings), 2.) the drawbacks of using smaller, averaged sample sizes to deal with missingness vs. using incomplete data sets vs. using significantly smaller sample sizes from only "complete" data, and 3.) the geospatial rules for linking environmental data with samples? (if 50% of plots in a site have soil texture data, and 50% of plots don't, yet they're all within the same site/area, what would be the best route for analysis?) (it could depend on variable, but I have ~50 soil chemical/physical variables?)
Thank you for any advice or paper or tutorial recommendations.
One dependent variable (continuous) ~ two continuous and two categorical (nominal) independent variables
I'm seeking for the best method for predicting a data collection with more than 100 sites. The distribution of all continuous variables is not normally distributed.
Hello Experts,
Since our targeted species is found only in the 2 km region of the study site, we are planning to use 30 m spatial resolution climate data on our Species Distribution Model. But the problem is that my local weather station is capable of providing 20 km resolution data. On the other hand, if I use WorldClim data that is also 1 km.
My questions are
1. Can I use these downscaled data (from 1 km or 20 km) on my local study on SDM, which will be on 30 m resolution?
2. If I downscale, will be there any variational changes on climate data? Is it acceptable to do so?
Please note that I'm new to this field.
Thank you for your valuable time.
Dear all,
can anyone recommend me a basic course or workshop on ecological modelling (of freshwater ecosystems)? I would appreciate any tips.
Thanks :-)
Hello Experts,
My study site is relatively small and the targeted species is found as continuous patches. Do I need to consider Patch size/area in the MaxEnt model?
Does patch size have any meaningful measurable values that can be included in the MaxEnt model?
Thank you.
In your opinion, what are the biggest barriers and limitations for the global dissemination in the business processes of sustainable green economy based on the concept of green economy?
Please reply
Best wishes
Hello Experts,
We are at the beginning of making predictive modelling of an invasive plant species using MaxEnt. The species is found as a patch over the study area. I am new at using this model, have a piece of limited knowledge about it. I have reviewed several papers where only point locations of the present occurrence had been used.
Since my target species occurs as a patch, How can I take the polygonal area of the species where it occurs, instead of point location data?
Or are there any other methods to cover the whole patch of the species into SDM?
In the region where you live, do local government authorities run an active pro-ecological policy?
Is sorting of waste required?
Are subsidies granted for the development of household mini-power plants based on renewable energy sources, for example for photovoltaic panel installations?
Are charging stations for electric cars installed in the surrounding streets?
Do people have the opportunity to run home gardens where they cultivate organic crops?
Are there paper packaging in the surrounding stores besides plastic packaging?
Are unmerged flower meadows maintained on housing estates and parks?
Are there houses for insects and birds in nearby parks?
What other pro-ecological activities, ventures are carried out in the region where you live?
Please reply
I invite you to the discussion
Dear Colleagues and Friends from RG,
Recently, positive trends have emerged that may confirm the thesis about the growing level of pro-environmental awareness of citizens. One example of positive trends in this matter is the growing percentage of citizens who do not buy live Christmas trees cut down for Christmas, but artificial trees or Christmas trees grown in pots from plantations. I am one of those people who do not buy cut trees, but buy growing Christmas trees in pots and then put them into the ground in a nearby green area. A dozen or so Christmas trees that I have planted are already growing in two urban green areas. I have noticed that there is a growing number of people who do likewise. Another example of positive trends confirming the growing level of pro-environmental awareness of citizens is the growing percentage of citizens who mow lawns less and less frequently, set up flower meadows and home gardens with flowers, including vegetables and fruit. Since in recent years the share of discounters and other large-format stores in the overall sale of food products and agricultural products offering highly processed products and agricultural produce mainly from large-area farms that do not apply the principles of sustainable, pro-environmental organic farming has increased, citizens more and more often buy agricultural products directly from farmers running farms applying the principles of sustainable, pro-environmental organic farming or establishing their own home gardens where they grow fruit and vegetables for their own needs. Pesticides and other chemical plant protection products are usually not used in the home flower and fruit and vegetable gardens. In addition, people who run this type of home gardens usually have a high level of pro-environmental and ecological awareness and therefore also apply other principles typical of sustainable organic farming. Another example of positive, pro-environmental changes confirming the thesis about the growing level of pro-environmental awareness of citizens is the growing percentage of citizens who reliably sort waste, and municipalities and municipal city cleaning companies are gradually expanding the number of fractions into which waste is sorted and conducting social, pro-ecological campaigns encouraging waste sorting. . Municipal cleaning companies of the city, in consultation with the municipal authorities, periodically carry out collection of waste sorted into several fractions of waste in individual city districts and permanently in designated places in the city. In return, citizens returning sorted waste receive flowers, potted herbs, bush seedlings, bulbs or seeds for flowers, herbs, shrubs, etc. More and more citizens are taking part in these pro-environmental campaigns to collect sorted waste. In this way, the habits of reliable waste sorting are strengthened and the scale of recycling, i.e. the re-use of raw materials obtained from sorted waste for the production of new products, is growing. Another example of positive, pro-environmental trends is also the growing share of pro-ecological investment projects submitted by citizens to the commune as part of competitions for investment projects implemented by the commune and financed under 1 percent. the so-called participatory budget of the municipal budget. More and more proposals submitted in these competitions by citizens concern the creation of additional green areas in urban areas and the organization and protection of already existing green areas, including city parks. In some communes, cyclical picnics and festivals for citizens are organized, during which pro-ecological educational campaigns for children, adolescents and adults are organized. During these educational campaigns, contests in ecological, environmental, biology, etc. are conducted. Such pro-ecological educational campaigns are carried out by municipal departments of environmental management, local libraries or associations and non-governmental organizations cooperating with the commune, active in the field of pro-environmental social campaigns. Since many aspects of these positive, pro-environmental trends have emerged in recent years, the question of the role of the SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) coronavirus pandemic in this matter, i.e. the scale of the pandemic's impact on improving the pro-environmental awareness of citizens, may be relevant.
Best regards,
Dariusz
I am working on a project which seeks to assess the ecological impacts of anthropogenic activities (Urbanization and Large-scale gold mining). I, therefore, need any ecological models to support and run analysis
What are the examples of eco-innovations that can significantly reduce the scale of environmental pollution and reduce greenhouse gas emissions and slow down the faster global warming process?
Currently, the problem of growing garbage with unsorted waste is ignored in many countries, but because in the future the negative aspects of the problem of environmental pollution, including plastic, will grow, so in the future other countries will also try to solve this problem.
The problem of environmental pollution with plastic waste is one of the key global problems. This problem should be solved in all countries, and above all those that "generate" the most. The European Union has already undertaken specific measures in this direction, eg by introducing legal regulations under which plastic will be withdrawn from packaging by 2021 and replaced with biodegradable materials such as vegetable origin. However, these regulations concern only European Union countries.
Similarly with other aspects of environmental pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. Also, some large global economies are currently ignoring growing problems. But such an approach must be quickly changed, because there is little time to implement pro-ecological reforms, primarily in terms of reducing environmental pollution and reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
As regards the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, it is necessary to reform the energy sector in such a way as to switch from the production of electricity based on the classic energy based on the combustion of minerals to technologies based on the development of renewable energy sources. In addition, it is also important to develop electromobility in the automotive industry and other types of transport.
The global warming process is progressing faster, the scale of the negative effects of climatic disasters and weather anomalies, which are a consequence of the ever-faster global warming process, is increasing. There is little time left, according to climatologists only max. over a dozen years to implement the necessary ecological reforms and innovations, including in the area of energy development based on renewable energy sources, to stop or even significantly slow down the ever-faster global warming process.
In addition, one of the main types of eco-innovations includes innovative technologies for building zero-energy houses and residential buildings. The special design and materials used ensure low energy consumption and closure of the energy cycle in a cycle in which household power plants generating heat and electricity based on renewable energy sources are an integral part, primarily through the use of photovoltaic panels and wind farms.
As part of the implementation of the necessary pro-ecological reforms, it is also necessary to develop eco-innovations that will improve the automation of waste segregation and recycling processes. In addition, it is also important to create innovative technologies for the creation of new biodegradable materials that will replace plastic in packaging.
A good solution is the use of packaging made of biodegradable materials of origin, eg vegetable, on the basis of raw materials in the form of crops. These types of packaging could be consumed after their use, such as plates and cutlery made of rice or other cereals, or could be processed into compost for animal feed or for fertilizing arable land, or for incineration in a specially built incineration plant.
In connection with the above, the increasingly common application of ecological innovations, which are necessary to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to limit, slow down the faster global warming process, will also contribute to increasing the scale of sustainable green economic development realized according to the green economy concept.
These processes of implementation of ecological innovations and implementation of pro-ecological reforms should be conducted in all countries, and to the largest extent in developed and developing countries, industrialized countries, including the largest economies in the world, which are the largest emitters of greenhouse gases and producers of garbage and non-degradable waste, toxic or hardly degradable.
Do you agree with me on the above matter?
In the context of the above issues, I am asking you the following question:
What are the examples of eco-innovations that can significantly reduce the scale of environmental pollution and reduce greenhouse gas emissions and slow down the faster global warming process?
Please reply
I invite you to the discussion
Thank you very much
I pointed out the high level of relevance of the issue taken up in the above question in the article:
Please respond with what do you think about the issues described in this article?
Best wishes
Dariusz Prokopowicz
On 1.11.2021, Earth, which is very important for the future of our planet, began at the UN Climate Summit COP26 in Glasgow, Scotland. A little earlier, i.e. during the G20 summit preceding the Glasgow summit, the target of reducing CO2 emissions was set so that in the current 21st century the temperature increase would only reach 1.5 degrees C. Based on scientific research and predictive models, it is estimated that 2.7 degrees Celsius, the temperature of the atmosphere will increase, even if all the previous Paris decisions and the previous COP climate summits are implemented, it is too much. It is necessary to urgently create further ecological innovations and capture CO2 from the atmosphere so that the increase in the temperature of the atmosphere at the end of this century stops at 1.5 degrees C. Until now, the temperature of the atmosphere has increased by 1.1 degrees Celsius compared to the pre-industrial era. It is necessary to urgently create and implement new pro-environmental innovations and ecological technologies, thanks to which the green transformation of the energy sector will be fully accomplished during the present decade of the 1920s. Only in this way will the increase in the temperature of the atmosphere along the current path of growth, estimated at around 2.7 degrees C at the end of the 21st century, be significantly reduced and we will avoid the climatic Armageddon at the end of this century.
Best regards,
Dariusz Prokopowicz
How should the systems of nature protection and biodiversity of natural ecosystems be dispersed in order to increase the effectiveness of these systems and reduce the scale of degradation of the natural environment?
What do you think should be improved in nature conservation systems and biodiversity of natural ecosystems in addition to just increasing financial outlays on nature conservation policies conducted by government agencies and ministries of the environment?
A significant part of financial expenditures of nature conservation and biodiversity policy is devoted to the promotion of nature protection and natural environment protection issues. However, the effectiveness of this type of promotional campaigns is low, because without applying legal restrictions, enterprises do not change their technologies to be more ecological if they do not see in this business realized in a short time. Even the occasional UN climate summits in which government representatives from the majority of countries take part do not cause significant real changes in the policy of nature protection and biodiversity? Usually, the largest industrial economies in the world do not sign the obligations of rapid reduction of greenhouse gases and the issue of increasing spending on environmental innovation in the energy sector. Why, despite the growing scale of public awareness, there is no significant improvement in the implementation of nature conservation and biodiversity policy, there are no real measures that would result in a significant reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and the slowing of the global warming process?
Please reply
I invite you to the discussion
Thank you very much
Best wishes
We have a locally endemic plant species which distributes just a specific narrow area. It spreads almost everywhere in that area, but it does not occur anywhere except that area. We want to model the distribution of the species with maxent. The bedrock in the distributed area is the same everywhere and the elevation variation is really low. Would it be right to produce artificial presence data and model it by putting artificial (random) sample points into the field?
Hi all,
Newbie here to ecological modelling! I am looking to get an idea of different model approaches to study changes in wolf behaviour in First Nation communities. Any good resources/papers that can help me expand on choosing the appropriate model to highlight changes in wolf behaviours to things such as human induced landscape changes, fires, logging, herbicide application, pack dynamics (hybridization with coyotes - how this may impact behaviours depending on purity of individual)?
Miigwetch !
Should sustainable pro-ecological economic growth based on the green economy concept become one of the key pro-social, pro-development and anti-crisis segments of the national and supranational socio-economic policy?
Please reply
Best wishes
I wanted to ask that if we have to develop a modelling tool to anticipate the impacts of weather extreme events on the water quality of a lake but the amount of information collected in the field is scarce. What kind of models would be better to use and which are the natural processes we should include in the models. Please guide me briefly if possible.
By 2040, a deficit of clear water will appear in most countries in the world.
On the one hand, the use of water in the production industry of various technical and automotive goods is growing, but also in some areas of food production.
For example, 1650 liters of water absorbs, for example, the production of 1 hamburger, because the production of meat absorbs very large amounts of water.
In addition, a progressive global warming process and more and more frequent droughts appearing in various places around the earth, mainly in the subtropics and in some places of the temperate climate.
In connection with the above, the question becomes more and more relevant:
How should you improve the economical sustainable environmentally friendly clean water economy?
How to improve the processes of purification of used, contaminated water?
How to obtain water develop technologies for desalination of sea water or condensation of water in areas subject to periodic drought?
How to improve the extraction of pure Oligocene water contained in the Earth's crust in desert areas?
Please reply
Best wishes
What must change in economic policy to stop the predatory exploitation of the Amazon rainforests, i.e. the largest complex of natural forest ecosystems of forest environments, in addition characterized by the greatest biogeographical biodiversity of flora and fauna?
Please reply
I invite you to the discussion
Thank you very much
Best wishes
In some discrete ecological model articles in bifurcation analysis, they have taken Taylors series expansion up to 2nd order; in some articles, they have taken Taylors series expansion up to 3rd order. What should we do in general? Or is there any specific reason for taking up to 3rd order term?
I am currently working on my MSc dissertation with a focus on 'Impacts of urban surfaces i.e. roof surface, pavement surface and vegetation on urban micro-climate in hot arid regions'.
Envi-met simulation software was used to predict the air temperature of the micro-climate. However, due to the software's limitations the surface air temperature of the roof can not be calculated.
Has the classic economy lost its relevance to the energy market and therefore whether the process of necessary proecological reforms in the energy sector involving the replacement of energy sources, ie classic energy sources based on burning minerals for renewable energy sources should be coordinated by the state as a pro-environmental interventionist anti-crisis state?
Still at the end of the 21th century, in many publications written in the convention of classical economics, theses were formulated that energy should be shaped by the mechanism of market-harmonizing sides of demand and supply. However, this philosophy concerned classic energy based on the combustion of minerals. Mineral energy deposits in certain parts of the world are determined for several decades of extraction.
If the development of mining technology allows to reach and extract energy from deeper deposits than currently exploited and decks located under the sea and ocean bottoms, such estimated deposits would allow mining of these deposits in some places of the world for much longer than 100 years. However, humanity can not wait so much for pro-ecological reforms in the energy sector and the slow process of switching to renewable energy sources, which is happening in some countries, including the largest economies in the world, the largest emitters of greenhouse gases.
Currently, the philosophy of the energy sector is starting to change. Now the obvious issue is the need to quickly implement pro-ecological reforms without contemplating the depleted energy resources of the Earth's crust. This wait could take about 100 years or more than 100 years in many countries and this is too long, because at the end of the 21st century, according to climate change analysis, drastic climatic catastrophes will occur due to the predicted acceleration of the global warming process in the following decades.
According to the published and presented results of climatologists' research during the recent UN Climate Summits and Conferences on the problem of progressing global warming process, unless by 2030 at the latest the world will not show the classic energy based on the burning of minerals for renewable energy sources and motorization for electromobility and there will be no appropriate improvement of segregation waste and recycling, by the end of the 21st century, the average temperature at the Earth's surface will increase by 3-4 degrees Celsius globally, and the scale of climate cataclysms and weather anomalies will increase many times in relation to the current state.
In view of the above, the world can no longer wait for the depletion of energy minerals. This issue, which is particularly important for humanity and life on Earth, can not be left to the market mechanism and classical economy, whose philosophy has long been undermined, already in the period of the Great Depression of 1929-1934 it was demonstrated that Keynsovian state interventionism is needed to bring the economy out of the deep economic crisis if the liberalized private sector led to a crisis and the economy quickly does not return itself to balance and high economic growth on the basis of self-acting market mechanisms.
We currently have a similar situation. The world inevitably aims at increasing climatic cataclysms caused by the accelerating global warming process. these unfavorable processes for humanity and life on Earth will become a source of intensification of migration of people from subtropical areas, on which it will be impossible to live and live in a few dozen years due to high temperatures and droughts. In addition, there will be economic crises resulting from the global warming process. Humanity has no time to put off the necessary pro-ecological reforms for the future, these pro-ecological reforms in the energy sector need to be implemented now and it should be a process coordinated by the state in the context of pro-environmental anti-crisis state interference.
Do you agree with my opinion on this matter?
In view of the above, I am asking you the following question:
Has the classic economy lost its relevance to the energy market and therefore whether the process of necessary proecological reforms in the energy sector involving the replacement of energy sources, ie classic energy sources based on burning minerals for renewable energy sources should be coordinated by the state as a pro-environmental interventionist anti-crisis state?
Please reply
I invite you to the discussion
Thank you very much
Best wishes
Ecological innovations should contribute to accelerating the process of a global change in the strategy of civilization development towards sustainable ecological and socio-economic development. In the context of increasing greenhouse gas emissions, the ongoing global warming process, growing environmental pollution and the devastation of many environments and natural ecosystems, it is necessary to stimulate the development of eco-innovation and pro-ecological reforms in economic processes to implement sustainable economic and environmental friendly socio-economic development based on green economy concept.
Yes, it is necessary to change the development strategy based on intensifying the exploitation of the Earth's resources on the sustainable development strategy. It is necessary to develop new energy technologies based on renewable energy sources to slow down the progressing greenhouse effect of the Earth in order to reduce the risk of dramatic natural cataclysms. It is necessary to develop ecological innovations, while it may not be too late. It is necessary to save the Earth by extinction for future generations.
The 21st century is the last moment to introduce global sustainable development based on the development of renewable energy and ecological innovations. Sustainable development should be analyzed and measured in correlation with the analysis of economic growth and the share of individual sectors in the country's economic development, including the transformation of traditional energy sources into renewable energy, environmental reclamation and recovery of recyclable materials, and ecological innovations.
Do you agree with my opinion on this matter?
In view of the above, I am asking you the following question:
How to activate the development of ecological innovations and pro-ecological reforms in economic processes?
Please reply
I invite you to the discussion
Thank you very much for your response and participation in the discussion
Best wishes
Yes, in my opinion, sustainable pro-ecological economic development should be an important determinant of shaping economic policy.
Do you agree with my opinion?
For many centuries, the economies of countries and enterprises have developed without knowing or ignoring the principles of sustainable pro-ecological development. On the other hand, in the 21st century the realities have changed, the global warming process is accelerating and if the reforms of pro-ecological changes, development of renewable energy, recycling development, development of environmental protection etc. are not implemented, in the short term the global warming process will become an irreversible process and at the end of the 21st century the planet Earth, humanity and many other forms of life on Earth are threatened by climatic extermination due to the high rise of negative anomalies and climatic cataclysms.
Sustainable pro-ecological economic development, now and in the future, can not be ignored further, it can not be considered a myth. Economics must change towards the concept of green economy. The economic policies of states should also change in such a way as to activate for the development of ecological innovations and support the processes of sustainable pro-ecological development.
Please, answer, comments.
I invite you to the discussion.
Best wishes
In connection with the progressing process of global warming, the importance of creating and implementing eco-innovations, including architectural eco-innovations, is growing.
Currently, projects are being created: City of tommorow, Eco City, Vertical Forest etc.
Will humanity manage to realize these projects?
Will the global warming effect of global warming lead to the disaster of many urban agglomerations?
Please reply. I invite you to the discussion
What technologies dominate in the development of urban agglomerations according to the concept of smart-ecology sustainable development cities?
I invite you to the discussion
Best wishes
Is ecological sustainable agriculture developed according to the concept of natural ecosystems, including the genetically-based genetically-scaled species that will be used in a limited, fully controlled environment, help in the 21st century in increasing the productivity of crop production in the situation of declining areas of arable land?
In connection with the warming up of the Earth's climate by the end of the 21st century, a significant part of the arable land will be either flooded by the seas and oceans or will be excluded from the production of crops due to intensifying drought. As part of the civilizational progress, including increasing the productivity of crop production per hectare, it will be necessary to continue research in this field. As part of the pro-ecological development of agriculture based on the assumptions of sustainable pro-ecological development, ie the concept of green economy, chemistry should be gradually reduced to reduce environmental pollution and reduce the impact of chemicals on human health and other life forms. In this way, the adverse impact of civilizational imbalances in natural ecosystems will be limited. In connection with the above, the aim of continuing increasing the production efficiency of agricultural crops per hectare in the future will be intensified by mechanization automation, robotization, improvement of weather forecasting and logistics systems for field works, and improvement of current crop varieties by increasing their resistance to viral and bacterial diseases, fungal, parasitic etc. An important field of research and scientific discipline, thanks to which it is possible to gradually improve current crop varieties by increasing their resistance to diseases is genetics. In addition, it is necessary to improve irrigation and greenhouse systems due to the progressive global warming and more and more often natural cataclysms. It is also important to improve the techniques of recycling and re-use of waste from intensified agricultural production, so that those wastes that are unsuitable for re-use were as few as possible. It is also important to limit the wastage of produced crops, reduce and develop the recycling of organic waste from the food production process in the agri-food processing sector. As part of the development of sustainable agriculture, it is also important to develop organic farming referring to natural ecosystems. This type of agriculture refers to natural ecosystems in which primary varieties of arable crops function or function. As part of this concept of ecological agriculture, different agricultural crops grow on one agricultural area, which also limits the potential scale of pest feeding and feeding, and ensures a better economy of savings in the use of plant protection products. Therefore, the use of genetics should be limited only to the successive improvement of current varieties of agricultural produce by increasing their resistance to viral, bacterial, fungal, parasitic diseases, and not to create completely new species of flora and fauna. In this way, through the process of improving, increasing resistance to diseases of agricultural crops, genetics would help to restore or at least significantly increase the natural balance in intensified agriculture. For this process to work it is necessary to develop also the above-mentioned other techniques of environmentally-friendly sustainable development of agriculture. All of the above-mentioned techniques must be applied in a purposefully, precisely planned integrated system of managing sustainable and environmentally friendly agriculture. In this way, the developed agriculture will be adequate to increase the risk of unfavorable effects of the progressive global warming of the Earth's climate and will be one of the most important determinants of the globally developed sustainable economic development of the entire human civilization, ie deliberately oriented development according to the concept of green economy.
In view of the above, the current question is: Is ecological sustainable agriculture developed according to the concept of natural ecosystems, including the genetically-based genetically-scaled species that will be used in a limited, fully controlled environment, help in the 21st century in increasing the productivity of crop production in the situation of declining areas of arable land?
Please, answer, comments. I invite you to the discussion.
Whether in the context of the need to develop pro-ecological reforms, ecological innovations, sustainable pro-ecological development, etc., will the social market economy model change into a model of a sustainable social economy in the future?
Please answer
Best wishes
What disciplines, areas of contemporary economic systems, industries, etc. will in the 21st century develop the model of sustainable pro-ecological economic development according to the concept of green economy?
In connection with the progressing global warming and the increase in the risk and frequency of climate disasters, it is necessary to implement pro-ecological reforms as soon as possible into economic processes. First of all, renewable energy sources should be developed, replacing the classic energy based on the burning of minerals. In addition, it is necessary to improve the technology of automation and robotization in the processes of waste segregation, recycling and re-use of various types of raw materials. Also, electromobility, ecological agriculture, zero-energy construction, etc. should be developed.
In recent years ecological innovations have been created mainly in the field of renewable energy sources, improvement of waste segregation techniques, recycling, treatment of polluted water, reclamation of a devastated natural environment, energy-efficient construction, electromobility etc. However, more and more eco-innovations, new technological solutions, technical improvements which is part of sustainable ecological development, is also created in many other fields of science.
In view of the above, are examples of pro-ecological undertakings, technological improvements compatible with sustainable ecological development or ecological innovations that are also created in one of the following or other related fields of science, for example: Molecular Biology, Biotechnology, Anthropology Theory, Medicine, Electrical Engineering , Artificial Intelligence, Genetics, Business Administration, Risk Management, Big Data, Business Intelligence, Automation & Robotics, Climatology, Agriculture, Biophysics, Biochemistry, Medical Intelligence, Artificial Neural Networks, Ecosystem Analysis, Power Engineering, Construction, Food production, Forest ecology, Biology, Geoscience, Government Programs, Behavioral Sciences, Biodiversity Assessment, Green Architecture, Greenhouse, Waste, Household Products, Information Society, Innovation Management, International Entrepreneurship, Internet Technologies, Knowledge Creation, Bioelectric Energy gy Sources, Business Model Innovation, Cataclysmic Variables, Chromatography, Clean Energy, Cleantech, Climate Prediction, Collaborative Innovation, Commercialization, Computational Intelligence, Computer Science and Engineering, Conservation Biology, Consumer Behavior, Corporate Governance, Creative Economy, Crisis Communication, Cyber Security, Data Analysis, Database Administration, Development Cooperation, Digital Ecosystems, Economic Ecoindicators, Ecosystem Ecology, Energy Industry, Ecological Modeling Ecological Economics, Ecological Indicators, Discovery, Earth Sciences, Earthquake Forecasting and Geocataclysm, Econometric Analysis, Economic Integration, Economics of Innovation, Ecosystem Engineering, Electricity, Electronic Systems, Energetic Materials, Energy Technologies, Environment, Environmental Biodegradation, Flora, Food Consumption Life Sciences, Logistics Management, Materials for Sustainable Energy, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Nanomaterials, New Media Technology, Recycling, Physics of Global Warming, Plant Protection, Predicive Analytics, Production Planning, Project Development, Public Economics, Public Policy, Public Policy, Sociobiology, Space Science, Sustainable Agriculture, Sustainable Development Strategies, Technology Forecasting, Transport Economics, Water Resources, Weather Forecasting, Wildlife Conservation, World Economy, ...?
In view of the above, the current question is: What areas of knowledge will be involved in shaping sustainable pro-ecological economic development in the 21st century?
Please, answer, comments.
I invite you to the discussion.
Best wishes
I would highly appreciate it if my fellow ecologists (biologists) provide their opinion on the thoughts below [esp., shortly tell us which path may be more effective, if they know another way, if there is a recent breakthrough toward this goal].
To consider the effects of Acclimation and Directional Selection on populations' thermal sensitivity in the (mechanistic or phenomenological) modeling of ecological impacts of temperature variability (and climate change), we can follow two general paths:
(1) To produce enough empirical data to define simplistic indices of warm adaptation capacity (based on exposure temperature and duration) for at least some keystone species [a simple e.g., ARR; Morley et al., 2019]. Such indices can only be applied to models' outputs.
(2) To understand the GENERAL mechanisms (principal functional components) defining the heat sensitivity of various taxa [e.g., OCLTT, Pörtner, 2010], define how the component (quantitatively) relates to the capacity for rapid warm adaptation [no Ref.], and set (adaptive) feedback loops in existing models [a simple e.g., Kingsolver et al., 2016].
In your opinion, what are the biggest barriers and limitations for the global dissemination in the business processes of sustainable green economy based on the concept of green economy?
Please reply
Best wishes
I am currently in the process of trying to learn how to do SDM correctly and I want to evaluate the models I run with OpenModeller. My understanding is that one should use om_test, but I am having trouble understanding exactly how to use it. Could anyone help me out on how to use it?
From my understanding, one runs om_test with the Serialized model created from om_console, but not the projection result. However, I thought that what one should actually be interested in evaluating is the projection result and not the model one created to make the projection. Is my understanding of what it means to evaluate a model wrong? Hopefully my question makes sense. Any help would be greatly appreciated.
Why, despite the scientifically confirmed fact that the global warming process is progressing faster and faster in many countries, so little is done in terms of necessary proecological reforms and implementation of ecological innovations and development of energy based on renewable energy sources, development of electromobility, plastic reduction from packaging, improvement of waste segregation and development recycling?
Due to the accelerating process of global warming, it is necessary to increase expenditures on the development of eco-innovations, their industrial implementation and accelerate the implementation of necessary pro-ecological reforms, first of all development of energy based on renewable energy sources, development of electromobility, plastic reduction from packaging, development of biodegradable applications materials of organic origin, improvement of waste segregation processes, development of recycling, organic farming, zero-energy construction and other key aspects of sustainable pro-ecological development carried out according to the concept of green economy, etc.
Do you agree with me on the above matter?
In the context of the above issues, I am asking you the following question:
Why is the process of implementing proecological reforms in energy and other eco-innovations so slow?
Please reply
I invite you to the discussion
Thank you very much
Best wishes
I would like to make individual-based rarefaction curves in PAST software but struggle with creating the right input data table. I have 5 different sites, 7 sampling efforts on each (due to the weather conditions some of our traps were lost at some point, which is why I would prefer to use individual rarefaction). Could anyone share with me how to prepare the table with the information on the accumulation of individuals and species? Thank you :)
Hello there! I kept myself busy for my master thesis with ecological population models including predation. I wonder how to model a prey switching process as simple as possible? For now, I saw some models that "forces" the predator with a static attack rate and conversion efficiency per prey species to go for one prey as the modeller intends it. In nature, I would expect the predator to switch the prey species if the conversion efficiency is better for a another prey item. Maybe this switching process is also density dependend. What do you think? I am happy about new input, opinions or publications adressing this question( I am primarly looking for compurional models and how these question has been solved there).
Dear Species Distribution Modelers and All,
Have you ever tried to select the specific month/quarter (e.g. wettest quarter for bio8) in a way other than the default one? If yes, how? If not, why not? E.g. in this paper a novel method (called 'static' approach) is suggested for calculating bioclimatic variables for future time periods: the month/quarter is selected once in the reference ('current') period and used later as it is fixed for all the studied periods.
Have you ever considered this method, or do you think it may have relevancy for your further research?
Thanks,
Ákos
Do you agree with my opinion that protection of the natural environment, biodiversity is one of the greatest civilization challenges of the 21st century?
Please reply
I pointed out the high level of relevance of the issue taken up in the above question in the article:
Please respond with what do you think about the issues described in this article?
Best wishes
Dariusz Prokopowicz
What kind of scientific research dominate in the field of Sustainable pro-ecological anti-crisis Keynesian socio-economic development?
Please, provide your suggestions for a question, problem or research thesis in the issues: Sustainable pro-ecological anti-crisis Keynesian socio-economic development.
Please reply.
I invite you to the discussion
Thank you very much
Dear Friends and Colleagues of RG
The issues of specific programs to improve the economic, financial, material and housing situation of households as key instruments of pro-development keynesian anti-crisis state intervention and significant components of the socio-economic policy of the state I described in the publications:
I invite you to discussion and cooperation.
Best wishes
What kind of scientific research dominate in the field of Pro-development Keynsian pro-environmental state intervention?
Please, provide your suggestions for a question, problem or research thesis in the issues: Pro-development Keynsian pro-environmental state intervention.
Please reply.
I invite you to the discussion
Thank you very much
Best wishes
The value of pollination of crop flowers (without cultivars) is estimated at 500 billion dollars. USA annually. Due to the intensification of production of agricultural products, including the use of chemical plant protection products, the number of pollinating insects, including primarily all bees, is decreasing rapidly. The number of bumblebees also drops very fast, and only these insects pollinate some crops. To limit the sources of this problem, people should limit the development of agriculture based on industrial production of arable crops, in particular in the areas of arable crop production for livestock and it is globally 3/4 of arable land.
Instead of industrial production of agricultural products, organic farming should be developed without the use of chemical plant protection products. Pesticides should be replaced by the introduction into the production of agricultural crops more resistant to viral, bacterial, fungal and parasitic diseases of cultivated plant varieties, which are created using modern biogenetic techniques.
In addition to the industrial production of agricultural produce (mainly for the purposes of maintaining livestock production, meat production), the global warming process is also contributing to the decline of insects, including pollinating insects. This is because, because many species of insects are very sensitive to changes in the temperature of the environment in which they live. In order to limit the sources of this problem, a person should proceed on a massive scale to reclaim industrial degraded areas in order to convert them to biological ecosystems similar to natural biological environments composed of many species of flora and fauna cooperating with each other.
In addition, the surface of natural habitats, natural biological ecosystems in which insects feed. It is caused by mowing meadows outside the city and grasses in the cities. Therefore, it is advisable not to mow lawns, put up insect houses, or remove rotting, rotting stumps in parks and forests. In some cities, flower meadows are planted and insecticides specially created for this purpose are placed in city parks.
According to observations of biologists, environmentalists are killed so quickly that in 100 years there will be no insects. If the pollinating insects die, then the plants will cease to produce fruit and seeds, many species of plants will disappear and there will be a serious problem with feeding mankind and many species of animals on Earth. Therefore, the problem is very serious. This is, in my opinion, the second most important problem to be solved in the 21st century, in addition to the problem of successive and faster global warming process. In my opinion, these are the most important global problems and challenges to solve numerous problems for humanity in the 21st century.
Do you agree with me on the above matter?
In the context of the above issues, I am asking you the following question:
How to protect pollinating insects from extinction?
Please reply
I invite you to the discussion
Thank you very much
Best wishes
I was doing some geostatistical analysis (variogram+kriging) for a "presence only" type data in a species distribution modeling context. Since, we know that when estimating the (empirical) variogram, the attribute is basically assumed to be a realization of continuous random variables (although an attribute can occur in counts too). If the attribute is just the presence, and no sub-categories then all the values at all positions will be same (say 1, if we denote a presence by 1). Hence the variogram can not be calculated, not even the indicator variogram. In some papers such as [1] and references there in, a grid based approach was used. In this approach a grid of certain size (e.g. 10 x 10 m etc) was superimposed on the sampling area and the number of species inside each cell were counted. This constitutes a count/frequency table like data. In the other approach pseudo absences or background data were generated using some algorithm e.g. Maxent etc (see e.g. [2, 3]). The pseudo absences are generated taking many factors into account and stacked/combined with actual data. This is merely generating x, y coordinates and giving it an absence status (say 0s). The result is a binary data with two categories, presence 1 and absences 0.
Now the questions that are bothering me are
1. For the grid based approach, what should be the optimal cell size? How to find it and decide it? How to proceed with variogram with kriging etc?
2. For pseudo absences/background approach, how many absences (as compared to actual data)? How to decide it? How to proceed with variogram with kriging etc?
Reference
1. Rossi, Richard E., et al. “Geostatistical Tools for Modeling and Interpreting Ecological Spatial Dependence.” Ecological Monographs, vol. 62, no. 2, 1992, pp. 277–314. www.jstor.org/stable/2937096.
2. Tomislav Hengl, Henk Sierdsema, Andreja Radović, Arta Dilo, Spatial prediction of species’ distributions from occurrence-only records: combining point pattern analysis, ENFA and regression-kriging, Ecological Modelling, Volume 220, Issue 24, 24 December 2009, Pages 3499-3511.
I am working with ENMeval package (Muscarella et al., 2014) in R to develope Species Distribution Models. This package developes SDM in raw Maxent output, but I need logistic or probability maps in order to conduct further analysis in ArcGIS.
Dear all,
I would like to start a discussion here on the use of generalised mixed effect (or additive) models to analyse count data over time. I reported here the "few" analyses I know in R for which I found GOOD (things) and LIMITS /DOUBTS. Please feel free to add/ comment further information and additional approaches to analyse such a dataset.
Said that, generalised mixed effect modelling still requires further understanding (at least from me) and that my knowledge is limited, I would like to start here a fruitful discussion including both people which would like to know more about this topic, and people who knows more.
About my specific case: I have counted data (i.e., taxa richness of fish) collected over 30 years in multiple sites (each site collected multiple times). Therefore my idea is to fit a model to predict trends in richness over years using generalised (Poisson) mixed effect models with fixed factor "Year" (plus another couple of environmental factors such as elevation and catchment area) and random factor "Site". I also believe that since I am dealing with data collected over time I would need to account for potential serial autocorrelation (let us leave the spatial correlation aside for the moment!). So here some GOOD (things) and LIMITS I found in using the different approaches:
glmer (lme4):
GOOD: good model residual validation plot (fitted values vs residuals) and good estimation of the richness over years, at least based on the model plot produced.
LIMITS: i) it is not possible to include correction factor (e.g., corARMA) for autocorrelation.
glmmPQL(MASS):
GOOD: possible to include corARMA in the model
LIMITS: i) bad final residual vs fitted validation plot and completely different estimation of the richness over years compared to glmer; ii) How to compare different models e.g., to find the best autocorrelation structure (as far as I know, no AIC or BIC are produced)? iii) I read that glmmPQL it is not recommended for Poisson distributions (?).
gamm (mgcv):
GOOD: Possible to include corARMA, and smoothers for specific dependent variables (e.g., years) to add the non-linear component.
LIMITS (DOUBTS): i) How to obtain residual validation plot (residuals vs fitted)? ii) double output summary ($gam; $lme): which one to report? iii) in $gam output, variables with smoothers are not estimated (only degree of freedom and significance is given)? Is this reported somewhere else?
If you have any comment, please feel free to answer to this question. Also, feel free to suggest different methodologies.
Just try to keep the discussion at a level which is understandable for most of the readers, including not experts.
Thank you and best regards
My hypothesis is that the functional diversity of fish (responsible variable) increases until an optimum level of a gradient of habitat structural complexity (predictor variable), but decreases after that (which I have noticed in the graphic inspection). Then, I am really interested in this hump-shaped relationship.
To test this relationship, I will run a beta regression. In R, I have found two ways to include a second-order term in the model: I(x^2) and poly(x,2). The first one does not include the lower-order term, but the 'poly' function does.
According to Cohen, Cohen, West, & Aiken (2003), in order that the higher order terms have meaning, all lower order terms must be included, since higher order terms are reflective of the specific level of curvature they represent only if all lower order terms are partialed out.
First, I would like to know if this is a consensus and if I really cannot use only the second order term as a predictor.
Second, if I use a likelihood ratio test to compare models (e.g., only first order term vs. first and second order term) and the result is not significant, how can I choose the best model?
We kindly invite you to submit a research or review paper to the special issue " Current Advances on Ecological Modeling for Sustainable Forest Management" of the MDPI open access journal Sustainability (Impact factor: 2.592). The submission deadline is February 28, 2021. The full call for paper can be accessed through mdpi/si/41888. We welcome any questions and discussions for potential submissions.
Nowadays, R play an outstanding role in Ecological research. It provides a free to use platform for innumerous statistical analysis and a huge collaborative community of developers and users that share codes and help each other with programming and statistical issues.
For many technical reasons, R is not a computational efficient language and, because R is not much popular among computer scientists, progress in computational efficiency is slow. Differently, Python is very popular among computer scientists, it experiences constant computational efficiency improvements and it is much more efficient than R in many aspects. Also, Python has gained some attention in Ecological research similarly to R.
So here is my question, with the increasing computational requirements of current analyses (e.g., Heavy Monte Carlos resampling procedures), will Python become as popular as R in Ecology?
Dear colleagues,
I would like to request you that please suggest me any good book or tutorial that helps me to learn mathematical modeling from its base, so that I can create my own model for my system.
Generally I deal with biological and ecological models.
Please suggest me.
Thank you in advance.
Which markets change the fastest or should change as part of the transformation of the classical economy to green economy?
In my opinion, these processes mostly concern or rather concern the energy market, the energy raw materials market, the market of eco-innovations, for example concerning renewable energy sources, the smart technology market, etc.
Do you agree with my opinion on this matter?
In view of the above, I am asking you the following question:
Which markets change the fastest or should change as part of the transformation of the classical economy to green economy?
Please reply
I invite you to the discussion
Thank you very much
Best wishes
Hey!
I am not sure which model I might start using for the ecological modeling subject. In any case I wanted to ask which system to secure for myself, mac or windows? or maybe linux?
Thank you for sharing your experience!
I am going to build causal loop diagrams about obesity and participants are not English speakers (Arabic participants).
Can anyone suggest software that supports Arabic language?
THX
I have recently collected data on a study area divided into three sites and each site was divided into four categories and each category was subdivided into 5 transects. Each transects were also subdivided into 5 quadrats which were also subdivided into 2 subquadrats each.
The data collected were actually about natural regeneration of balanites species.
Considering that my design is a stratified sampling, I would any advise on the best method, procedure and statistical package for analysis of such data. I have tried Two-way anova with XLSTAT but i feel it is not clear to me.
Please, any advise is welcome.
Thanks in advance
Regards!
In what way should it develop and disseminate the concept of sustainable ecological development in accordance with the green economy formula in the 21st century?
In my opinion, additional taxation of enterprises in order to obtain funds in this way for the development of renewable energy, development of eco-innovations and reduction of environmental pollution is not the best solution. A better solution is to generate high economic growth based on the successively introduced model of sustainable green economic development implemented according to the green economy concept.
It is necessary to conduct reliable, honest, ethical business and social responsibility of business socio-economic policy while educating the public on the need to implement the necessary pro-ecological reforms in the energy sector as soon as possible by developing renewable energy sources, developing electromobility, efficient waste sorting technologies, improvement recycling, zero-energy construction, elimination of plastic from packaging and conversion to biodegradable plastics, etc.
Then, using such a reliable social and economic policy, it would be possible to extend the periods of host growth in business cycles to generate budgetary surpluses. In the situation of budgetary surpluses in the state budget, a significant part of them should be allocated for state financing of investments in large infrastructural pro-ecological projects, such as nuclear power plants, wind farms, solar panels based on photovoltaic panels and other based on renewable energy sources.
After many years of running this type of pro-ecological socio-economic policy, certain technologies that allowed for the development of ecological innovations and their implementation on an industrial scale will gradually become, and after their dissemination, production costs of certain devices such as household mini-power plants producing renewable energy on the basis of renewable energy. Energy sources will be available for most families living, for example, single-family houses or multi-family housing estates. On the other hand, by popularizing these pro-ecological technologies, companies that produce specific ecological products will generate revenues and profits.
In view of the above, in this way the new green economy will become profitable and will be a kind of a new epoch of the neoclassical economics model enriched with pro-ecological goals and functions. In this way, initially through a centrally planned system, through state intervention in a mainly market economy, through a national pro-ecological socio-economic policy, a new model of the economic system will be built after years, which will function objectively within the framework of sustainable green economic development.
Do you agree with me on the above matter?
In the context of the above issues, I am asking you the following question:
In what way should it develop and disseminate the concept of sustainable ecological development in accordance with the green economy formula in the 21st century?
Please reply
I invite you to the discussion
Thank you very much
Best wishes
The deadline for abstract submission to the ISEM 2019 conference in Salzburg is approaching on April 8.
Please for any information please have a look to web site meeting
or contact me
When measuring the variable importance, Olden(2015) proposed a new R2-based measure of relative variable importance after revealing methodological weaknesses of PSW and PCW.
Its basic steps is to:
- calculate original R2
- permute predictor variable to get a modified datasets
- train again under the modified datasets
- predict and calculate new R2
- The reduction between R2 measures the association.
Is there any need to train again after permutation? Or, Could I just make use of the original model weights to predict direcly under the modified datasets ?
P.S. I found the latter condition displaying in vi_permute function of vip R package.
Do you agree with my opinion that in the context of the projected acceleration of the global warming process, humanity in order to avoid a global climate catastrophe should take as a priority in the 21st century a change in the classical economy on the new green economy to develop economies according to the concept of sustainable pro-ecological development, including replacing classic energy sources based on the combustion of minerals for renewable energy sources. In addition, in economic processes should be implemented as soon as possible and possibly the largest funds programs for reduction of greenhouse gases?
How can you slow down the global warming process in the 21st century?
Please reply
Best wishes
