East Asia - Science topic

Ride-pooling characteristics, especially its routes' characteristics have rarely been studied in the context of carbon emission reduction. This study proposes a route classification system and develops a refined version of the MOVES model, incorporating data from the Amap API. The model accounts for speed distribution, road hierarchy, and vehicle t...

Objectives: C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin (PCT) are widely used biomarkers in high-income countries. However, evidence for their use in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs) is scant. Because many factors , including rates of endemic disease, comorbidities and genetics, may influence biomarkers' behaviour, we aimed to review availabl...

The purpose of this paper is to explore the role of education policy in promoting intercultural communication, to compare the similarities and differences between Central and Eastern Europe and East Asia in terms of the integration mechanism of ‘culture+education’, and to reveal the trend of synergistic development of education and culture in the h...

Arma chinensis, a predatory insect renowned for its prey diversity in East Asia, is effective in controlling agricultural and forestry pests. However, after introducing field populations into indoor subcultures, features of inbreeding depression have surfaced within these populations. Clarifying the molecular genetic mechanism of inbreeding depress...

The Western Pacific Subtropical High (WPSH) is crucial in shaping summer climate of East Asia. However, existing studies on WPSH seasonal prediction have primarily focused on the recent 20–30 years, limiting our ability to assess decadal variations in prediction skill. Here, based on CSF‐20C seasonal hindcast (1901–2010), we find the prediction ski...

Mesozoic‐Cenozoic landscape evolution of East Asia reflects the dynamic coeval tectonic interactions between the Asian and surrounding plates, including the westward Pacific subduction, opening of the South China Sea, and consumption of the Neo‐Tethys and subsequent Cenozoic Indo‐Asia collision. A proposal that has been widely referred to is termed...

East Asia comprises multiple tectonic domains and has been the subject of many regional and local broadband seismic investigations in recent years, especially the ChinArray experiments. These studies have improved the overall seismic data coverage for East Asia, although the distribution of data is extremely uneven. While regionalised group or phas...

Background— Major northern temperate tree genera emerged in the Eocene and now have vast ranges across the Northern Hemisphere. Here we undertake a multi-discipline study to provide novel insights into the formation and biogeographic history of a dominant, yet understudied temperate tree genus, Fagus L. Data and methodology— A whole chloroplast ge...

The genus Breviturma, a group of brittle stars inhabiting intertidal and shallow subtidal zones, includes eight recognized species distributed mainly across the Indo-West Pacific. This study describes a new species, Breviturma securis sp. nov., from Taiwan. The new species is distinguishable from its congeners through both morphological and molecul...

Background Breast cancer (BC) remains a significant global public health challenge, and its incidence and mortality rates among adolescents and young adults (AYAs) aged 15–39 years are increasing. Compared with older adults, AYAs often face poorer prognoses and a higher disease burden. Understanding the trends and determinants of BC burden in AYAs...

In June–July 2020, South China (SC) experienced an unprecedented high temperature and precipitation deficit (HTPD) event, resulting in significant economic and social losses. This paper analyzed the influence of regional climate change on the HTPD event. The favorable background large-scale circulation for the HTPD was the anomalously enhanced and...

Background The impact of robotic gastrectomy (RG) surgery on advanced gastric cancer following neoadjuvant therapy remains a topic of debate. A thorough search and analysis of the current relevant evidence is needed. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and advantages of RG for gastric cancer after neoadjuvant therapy, comparing it wit...

Around the middle Ages, two universal national cultures emerged in the vast land of Eurasia that spanned ethnicity-namely, Romania (ancient Rome and Byzantium) and China, respectively. Since ancient times, the Chinese people have had a complex feeling for ancient Rome. The official book named "Book of Later Han(Dynasty)" of ancient China, it was de...

The Hongshan culture, situated at the crossroads of northern and northeast China, represented one of the earliest complex societies in Neolithic East Asia. The remains of Hongshan culture have been found in an area stretching from today’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region to Liaoning Province, covering an area of over 200,000 square kilometers. Howe...

The global spread of COVID-19 gave rise to semi-compulsory telecommuting, which has facilitated new work-leisure styles, such as workations, as an alternative form of tourism that responds to post-pandemic-era challenges. We investigated 800 cases of teleworkers in Taiwan and Japan using decision tree (DT) and artificial neural network (ANN) analys...

Cross-equatorial northerly surge (CENS) is characterized by a strengthening of northerly moist monsoon winds over the south of the South China Sea in the western Maritime Continent. The CENS typically lasts a few days in boreal winter and is frequently reported as a crucial synoptic forcing of heavy rainfall and flood events over northern Java Isla...

We addressed the underrepresentation of non-European populations in genome-wide association studies (GWASs) by building HiGenome, a large-scale genetic resource for the Taiwanese Han population. Using a custom genotyping array, we integrated deidentified electronic medical records (2003 to 2021) with genomic data to enable GWASs, phenome-wide assoc...

Subseasonal predictability of extreme rainfall events over East Asia is determined by both atmospheric initial conditions and external boundary forcing. However, their feedback processes remain poorly understood during boreal spring. In April–May 2024, South China experienced record‐breaking extreme rainfall in the decaying phase of the El Niño eve...

Spurred by the growing popularity of educational boundary-crossing, anthropologists of education and other scholars became interested around 1970 in the contrasts between East Asia and the West (especially the U.S.) regarding questions such as how to learn, how to behave in a classroom, and how to raise children interested in learning. This article...

Heatwaves and dry spells can severely impact crop yields, making it crucial to understand the nature of these events to ensure food security in a changing climate. We use the Max Planck Institute Grand Ensemble to examine the occurrence of hot–dry extremes in key crop-producing regions known as ‘breadbasket regions’, either in single or multiple br...

The altitudinal gradient in mountainous areas triggers significant changes in landscape, climate, and vegetation, which in turn affect the vertical differentiation of soil type and their properties. Located in the transitional zone between the northern and southern climates of East Asia, Tongbai Mountain is of great geographical and ecological sign...

Sowa Rigpa, also known as Tibetan or Amchi medicine, is one of the traditional systems of medicine practiced across an extensive region of South, Central, and East Asia. Sowa Rigpa pharmacopeia is based on plants, animals, minerals, and other natural substances. Among the plant-based ingredients, a bi sa is derived from different Himalayan species...

The current El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) indices are defined based on the sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTAs) in different regions of the equatorial Pacific. Considering that the impact of ENSO on the large-scale atmospheric circulation is mainly through the release of latent heat associated with convection anomalies, we found a zonal...

Background Early-Onset Gastrointestinal Cancers concerns tumors in people under 50. Accumulating evidence suggests a significant increase in the burden of colorectal cancer in young adults. We investigated the global burden and spatiotemporal trends of the 6 major gastrointestinal (GI) cancers, including colon and rectum cancer (CRC), esophageal ca...

Background Liver cancer poses a significant global health challenge. Smoking and alcohol consumption are major risk factors for liver cancer. Methods We analyzed data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. First, numbers and age-standardized rates of deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) were assessed globally and by sub-t...

Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is a holistic medical system with millennia of accumulated clinical experience, playing a vital role in global healthcare-particularly across East Asia. However, the implicit reasoning, diverse textual forms, and lack of standardization in TCM pose major challenges for computational modeling and evaluation. Large...

Giri S, Paul P, Pradhan P. 2025. Review: Ethno-mycological perception towards wood ear fungi (Auricularia spp.) in and around the Indian Subcontinent. Asian J For 9: 82-96. The genus Auricularia, commonly called wood ear fungi, is a notable group of basidiomycetes valued for their culinary, medicinal, and nutraceutical properties. These fungi, wide...

Dense cohabitation is associated with higher ecological sustainability and economic benefits than their less dense counterparts. Of course, there are also many challenges associated with high density, but from the perspective of land consumption, the global trend of urbanization is viewed positively. Urbanity and density, however, are and continue...

There is a growing consensus that teachers’ social-emotional competence (T-SEC) is crucial for their own well-being and students’ social and emotional learning (SEL). However, the literature lacks comprehensive, psychometrically sound, and practical measures of T-SEC. Moreover, the existing literature on T-SEC is predominantly grounded in Western c...

The 21st century has witnessed dynamic transformations in global geopolitics, with emerging powers redefining the traditional contours of international relations. "Analyzing Global Geopolitical Power Shifts: The Role of India, Pakistan-China in a Changing World Order" delves into the intricate interplay between three pivotal nations—India, Pakist...

This article studies the Japanese web novel, which, despite having come to represent a substantial segment of the Japanese market for literature over the course of two decades, remains almost unstudied in English-language academia. To analyze their case, the authors examine in turn the media history of Japanese web novels, the online platforms on w...

Climate change is profoundly reshaping hydrological patterns across Asia, posing significant challenges to the region's energy security. With rising temperatures, shifting precipitation regimes, accelerated glacial melt, and increasing frequency of extreme weather events, the hydrological cycle is becoming more erratic, directly influencing the ava...

Background: The postnatal period, lasting six weeks after childbirth, is a crucial time for mothers and newborns, requiring proper care for recovery and well-being. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends postnatal care within 24 hours of delivery, with three follow-up visits, but uptake remains low in South East Asia, especially India. Indi...

The invasive spotted-wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii, has emerged as a significant global pest over the past decade, threatening fruit production worldwide. The parasitoid Leptopilina japonica, presumed native to East Asia, has established adventive populations in Europe and North America and is increasingly recognized for its ability to parasi...

This book provides an overview of research and best practices associated with heritage tourism, with a particular focus on Vietnam, in conversation with heritage tourism in other Asian contexts. These include Iran in the Middle East, Sri Lanka in South Asia, Japan and China in East Asia, Thailand in Southeast Asia, and Brunei and the Philippines in...

At the turn of twenty-first century, which many have heralded as the "Asian Century" when the economic dominance of the Asian continent will consolidate and also expand into a larger cultural and political global influence, evident symbols of this announced supremacy (albeit by now largely contained by more recent radical changes spanning from the...

ABSTR ACT Facetotectans, or "y-larvae," are microscopic planktonic crustaceans whose adults are still unknown. Recent investigations have confirmed a large diversity of both y-nauplii and y-cyprids in shallow coastal waters in East Asia, especially off mainland Japan, Okinawa, and Taiwan. Although y-larvae are widely, if sparsely, distributed in ot...

Formerly known as one of the most polluted regions of the globe, East Asia underwent a dramatic improvement of air quality, especially for aerosols, starting in the 2010s. Numerous satellites have observed East Asia for a long time duration, but often with a low spatial or temporal resolution, limiting their ability to capture small-scale variabili...

Tomato yellow leaf curl disease poses one of the most severe threats to tomato production worldwide. This disease is associated with a group of closely related tomato yellow leaf curl viruses. These viruses can be transmitted by the sweet potato whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) in a persistent-circulative mode. Virus particles can infect the midgut and fi...

This study investigates the relationship between service quality gaps and customer retention in East Asian retail chains. Employing the SERVQUAL model, this research examines how discrepancies between customer expectations and perceptions influence retention behaviors. Data were collected from 387 customers across major retail chains in China, Japa...

The wooly cupgrass (Eriochloa villosa) is an invasive weed species originating from East Asia that rapidly expanded into agricultural and disturbed land. Its tolerance to herbicides and ecological adaptations enable it to become persistent and difficult to remove with limited control methods. This review synthesizes existing research on its distrib...

The Medieval Wall System (MWS), constructed in the tenth–thirteenth centuries AD across parts of Mongolia, China and Russia, was one of several long walls built along ancient frontiers in Asia. Despite a growing body of literature about this network of walls and trenches, many questions still surround its construction and function. Here, the author...

Using observational and reanalysis datasets from 1979 to 2023, this study investigates the role of upper- and middle-tropospheric circulation anomalies in mediating the influence of El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on South China winter precipitation (SCWP). The results show that El Niño events trigger a prominent quasi-barotropic cyclonic anoma...

Background & aims The global incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has markedly increased over past several decades. Gender-specific differences have been observed in the epidemiology, manifestation, and prognosis of IBD. Given these distinctions, a focused analysis of the latest epidemiological trends in female patients is essential for ad...

Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is characterized by high rates of morbidity, mortality, and disability, which imposes a heavy disease burden on society and families. Incidence, mortality, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and their corresponding age-standardized rates (ASRs) and estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs) of subarachnoid hemorrh...

The white-naped crane (Antigone vipio), distributed across East Asia, is classified into two distinct populations: eastern and western. The eastern population breeds in the Amur region of China and Russia and winters in Korea, whereas the western population breeds in northeastern Mongolia and winters at Poyang Lake in China. The aim of this study w...

Language contact phenomena of English use in advertising in East Asia, especially China, Japan, and South Korea have long before received ample attention of (socio)linguists as early as in the 1980s. This chapter reviews work on the use of English in advertising discourse of the East Asian region. It starts by outlining the status of English in Eas...

Earth has experienced five major global mass biodiversity extinctions, and we are currently facing the sixth, which includes mammals, particularly carnivores, being among the most affected. Studying the remnant populations alone of the currently endangered species often provides limited information. It fails to reveal the scenarios of the early dyn...

Mosses are known for their rich diversity in bioactive compounds and their essential role in maintaining ecosystems. While genetic and metabolomics studies have been conducted on some model species, research on comprehensive metabolomics of common mosses in East Asia remains limited. In this study, we conducted an untargeted analysis of three East...

Several temperate forests around the globe act as net carbon sinks and retain significant amounts of nitrogen inputs from atmospheric deposition. However, projected changes in climate, atmospheric deposition, and the functioning of trees and microbes may alter the ability of forests to retain carbon and nitrogen in the future. To evaluate climatic...

Nitrogen (N) transformation processes by soil microbes account for significant nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from natural ecosystems and cropland. However, understanding and quantifying global soil N2O emissions and their responses to changing environmental conditions remain challenging. Here, we implemented a soil nitrification–denitrification mod...

Investigating fluvial–aeolian interaction processes in semi‐arid aeolian systems is essential for deepening our understanding of palaeoclimate variability and hydrogeology on the East Asian continent. Traditionally, these interactions have been approached through the lens of lithofacies and architectural analysis when examining ancient desert basin...

Although research has reduced uncertainty in the range and magnitude of aerosol climate effects, it remains unclear to what extent decadal changes in dynamical patterns influence aerosols and their accumulation potential. The present study explored how leading dynamic conditions in the tropics affect aerosol interannual variability over subtropical...

The heavy rainfall in East Asia during summer 2020 is characterized by the strengthening of southwesterly monsoon flow over Southeast China that provides a crucial regional source of warm moist energy. In this study, we examine the physical processes that govern the detailed variations of warm moist energy in the monsoon flow. During heavy rain day...

Background Tracheal, bronchial, and lung (TBL) cancer presents significant health challenges for individuals aged 70 and older. However, comprehensive insights into the epidemiological patterns of and risk factors for TBL cancer in this population remain limited. This study aimed to analyze the global, regional, and national burdens and trends of T...

Urbanization is accelerating, with over 55 % of the global population residing in urban areas as of 2018, projected to reach 60 % by 2030. This growth intensifies environmental pressures, notably air quality degradation, which adversely affects human health and socioeconomic systems. Among air pollutants, atmospheric mineral dust plays a critical r...

Background Pancreatitis represents a significant global public health challenge, yet there is a lack of comprehensive analyses focusing on the burden of pancreatitis and its long-term trends among young individuals aged 15–39 years. Methods This study utilized data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD 2021) database to analyze the prevalence, in...

Risk management is crucial for the effective delivery of construction projects. While extensive research around the importance of risk management exists globally, limited studies have examined the effectiveness of risk assessment in general and in Egyptian construction projects in particular. Hence, this paper fills this gap by exploring current ri...

Stratospheric aerosol injection (SAI) is a form of climate intervention that has been proposed to limit future warming and mitigate some of the adverse impacts of climate change while humanity continues efforts to reduce emissions and atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases. In this study, we use an Earth system model to compare the projecte...

Does Africa need Entrepreneurial Ecosystems (EE) thinking? This paper argues that EE thinking is not a priority for Africa. The data is clear that Africa already has too many entrepreneurs. Further boosting the number of entrepreneurs in Africa seems like a step in the wrong direction. Instead, Africa should support the “right” kind of entrepreneur...

Background/Aim: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a virally associated epithelial malignancy with a high prevalence in East Asia. While Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection is a well-established risk factor, the role of host immune-related genetic variants remains insufficiently understood. Interleukin-12 (IL-12), a key immunoregulatory cytokine, is...

Land Use Land Cover (LULC) mapping using deep learning significantly enhances the reliability of LULC classification, aiding in understanding geography, socioeconomic conditions, poverty levels, and urban sprawl. However, the scarcity of annotated satellite data, especially in South/East Asian developing countries, poses a major challenge due to li...

In the current era, China, Japan, and South Korea, as significant economies in Asian, play an important role in economic cooperation for the entire East Asia and international trade. However, the China-Japan-South Korea Free Trade Agreement (CJKFTA) among the three countries has been delayed. This paper utilizes the theory of national identity to d...

Introduction: Curative resection for gallbladder carcinoma is extremely rare, as it presents in a very advanced stage. Staging laparoscopy may improve resectability and prevent unnecessary exploration of the abdomen. The purpose of this cross-sectional comparative study was to evaluate the necessity of staging laparoscopy in patients with carcinoma...

The 3rd FEBS‐IUBMB‐ENABLE International Molecular Biosciences PhD and Postdoc Conference was held for the first time outside Europe, in South East Asia. On 4–6 December 2024, the Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, hosted over 260 participants from all around the world. The theme of this year's conference...

The rapid integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into healthcare has the potential to revolutionize pharmaceutical and medical device industries, offering unprecedented opportunities for innovation and improved patient care. However , these advancements necessitate robust regulatory frameworks to ensure safety, efficacy, and ethical implementa...

Background Hearing loss in children has become a pressing public health issue, with otitis media (OM) being a leading cause. This study aims to comprehensively assess the prevalence and burden of OM-induced hearing loss in children. Methods Data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database were used. We evaluated the Age-standardized Prevalenc...

Gastric cancer (GC) remains a major global health concern, particularly in East Asia, Central Asia, and Eastern Europe, where its incidence and mortality rates are high. Helicobacter pylori infection is the primary cause of GC and leads to carcinogenic progression from nonatrophic gastritis to cancer. Although screening programs have been implement...

The phenomenon of wind stilling which means continuous weakening and its reversal reflects decadal variations in near‐surface wind speed (NSWS); however, the causes across China remain poorly understood. This study found that the decadal transition of winter mean NSWS across China around 1991 could be induced by the alterations in strong and light...

The western Tibetan Plateau (WTP; west of 80˚E) represents a distinct geographical domain bounded by the Pamir Plateau, Karakoram Range, and Hindu Kush mountains. Characterized by perennial snow cover, this region plays a critical role in global and regional climate systems while serving as a vital freshwater reservoir for over 400 million people a...

Background Chronic liver disease is a widespread health problem globally, particularly common in East Asia. Osteoporosis (OP), as a common metabolic bone disease, has also gained increasing attention in aging societies. In recent years, studies have suggested a possible association between chronic liver disease and OP, but their causal relationship...

An algorithm for aerosol effective height (AEH) was developed for operational use with observations from the Geostationary Environment Monitoring Spectrometer (GEMS). The retrieval technique uses the slant column density of the oxygen dimer (O2–O2) at 477 nm, which is converted into AEH after retrieval of aerosol and surface optical properties from...

Key message Confirmation of the correlation between archegonium development and pollen tube guidance and identification of putative genes implicated in male‒female interactions in gymnosperms. Abstract Studying angiosperm-like siphonogamy in gymnosperms will increase our understanding of seed plant evolution. This study involved an exploration of...

Over the past few decades, the tropospheric ozone precursor anthropogenic emissions – nitrogen oxides (NOx) and reactive carbon (RC) from northern mid-/high-latitude regions (e.g., North America, Europe) – have been decreasing, and those from (sub-)tropical regions (e.g., South Asia , the Middle East ) have been increasing, leading to an equatorwar...

In July 2023, the German federal government published its “Strategy on China”. This had been mandated by the 2021 coalition agreement, but happened quite a bit later than originally intended. While the Strategy is the first ever comprehensive document to set out the federal government’s China policy, it can – and should – be compared to the federal...

Abstract Indo-pacific strategy is an ambitious US mission initiated to counter Belt and Road Initiative forwarded by People’s Republic of China. BRI is one the ambitious projects of China to revive Chinese glory and influence throughout South Asia, South East Asia and up to Europe whereas USA wants to counter Chinese possible influence in old Silk...

Ambergris, a substance derived from the digestive system of sperm whales, has been valued for centuries for its unique aromatic properties. However, historical accounts indicate that certain human populations, particularly in East Asia, utilized ambergris without regard for its odor quality. These observations suggest that ambergris offers a model...

Purpose The current study examined the impact of cross-linguistic and cultural differences on an animal fluency task between Korean- and English-speaking persons with aphasia (PWA) and neurologically intact older adults (OAs). Specifically, we investigated the influence of zodiac animals on word retrieval, given their cultural familiarity in East A...

Located in South East Asia, Bangladesh is a biologically divers country with a large population. Our economy is dependent on agriculture. Soil and water quality is the wealth of the agriculture. But sadly over use of herbicides and pesticides are irreversibly polluting our water and soil. To mitigate this exponentially growing pollution we have pre...

Sauropod dinosaurs were gigantic quadrupedal herbivores. They range from Early Jurassic to Late Cretaceous and have been found on all continents. The rich sauropod faunas in the Middle and Late Jurassic of China are mainly from southern or western China. Here, we describe a non-neosauropod eusauropod from the Middle Jurassic Xinhe Formation of Gans...

This study provides a detailed examination of the taxonomy and distribution of 25 described Campodeidae diplurans species from the Chinese fauna, which frequently inhabit soil and cave environments. It involves the revision and rewriting of the diagnoses and descriptions for all taxa, based on prepared samples from Chinese scientific collections an...

The prevalence of diabetes is rising at an alarming rate in Southeast Asia (SEA). According to the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) atlas, approximately 10.5% of adults aged 20–79 years, equating to 537 million people, had diabetes globally in 2021, with this figure expected to reach 783 million by 2045. Of those with diabetes, three in four...

Throughout the twentieth century, Taiwan and South Korea underwent rapid economic development and successfully democratized without reversal to authoritarianism. Despite their similar trajectories, the two countries diverge significantly in political and public support for gender equality. Taiwan is widely seen as the most gender-equal country in A...

e22518 Background: The burden of tracheal, bronchus and lung cancer (TBLc) attributable to residential radon (RR) in Southeast Asia (SEA), East Asia (EA), and Oceania is under investigation due to significant regional variations in geological and residential environments, which influence radon exposure levels. Given the elevated risks associated wi...

Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) is no longer a future threat but a latent reality that accounts for more than 1 million deaths annually, based on recent data from the World Health Organization (WHO). This jeopardizes the effectiveness of healthcare treatments and poses a potential risk to global public health. The spread of AMR is related to factors...

Three new genera as well as one new species belonging to Lycosidae are described, Houcosagen. nov. (type species: Houcosa zhaoisp. nov., ♂♀), Kuncosagen. nov. (type species: Arctosa ningboensis Yin, Bao & Zhang, 1996) and Loongcosagen. nov. (type species: Pardosa dentitegulum Yin, Peng, Xie, Bao & Wang, 1997). Seven new combinations are proposed: K...