Drying - Science topic

The purpose of this study is to demonstrate how variations in soil suction impact shear strength, swelling pressure, and volume changes. To that end, small-scale tests were conducted on both pure bentonite and bentonite in mixtures of 30%, 40%, and 50% with sand under dry conditions, using values selected from compaction curves. A model with dimens...

Measuring pore-water pressure (PWP) in frozen soils poses significant challenges in geotechnical testing experiments , and understanding PWP is crucial for unraveling the mechanism of frost heave generation in cold regions. This paper aims to clarify the development pattern of PWP in frozen soil through laboratory tests, specifically focusing on ex...

This study investigates the impact of drying on the shape and size of mung beans (Vigna radiata L.), which are well-regarded for their nutritional, medicinal, and agronomic benefits. Understanding their physical properties at varying moisture levels is crucial for improving agricultural practices from planting through post-harvest. Initially harves...

Methane dry reforming (DRM) holds promise as a pathway for converting methane into valuable synthesis gas (syngas) and high-value chemicals. In this study, we investigate the crystallographic plane interactions between nickel oxide (NiO) and a modified ceria-zirconia-praseodymium oxide support (CeZrPrOx) to elucidate their influence on catalytic ac...

Animal-based foods such as meat, fish, egg, and milk, are the most important sources of protein with high biological value. But the shelf life of these products is very short due to the higher moisture content. Drying is widely used for the preservation of a large number of food materials because the dried products are more stable during storage. C...

Public interest in nature can be promoted through social media by assessing the importance of a species to people and identifying new emblems appealing to conservationists. We aimed to assess the public interest in cultural ecosystem services in the Caatinga (seasonal dry forest). Ecosystem services were categorized on approximately 1500 photograph...

In regions with water shortages, detailed planning on water resource use is essential. The use of climate models for short- and medium-range forecasts is an important strategy for obtaining early information on the water requirements of crops and the water regime of a particular basin. This study aimed to assess the performance of seasonal climate...

This study examines the influence of carbon (C) and fluorine (F) on the tribological and mechanical properties of WSCF coatings. WSCF-coated substrates were prepared with varying levels of C (10.4 to 18.7 at%) and F (5.3 to 9.3 at%) using DC reactive magnetron sputtering. Tribological performance was evaluated at 25 °C and 200 °C in dry and lubrica...

Existence of life outside the Earth is a mystery that human beings have been searching for centuries. In the past few decades, discovering microbes in extremely terrestrial habitats has opened a gateway to the possible existence of life on Mars. This review presented evidence of microbial life in extremely dry environments such as the Atacama Deser...

In precision machining, tool wear deteriorates the surface quality of the workpiece and affects its surface integrity. Especially in hard turning precision machining, the tool is very prone to wear under the coupling load of large cutting force and high cutting heat. Therefore, tool wear has become one of the obstacles restricting the promotion of...

This paper presents a solution approach for the switched optimal control problem by using the general disjunctive programming reformulation and the local maximum principle to explore the optimality conditions. Numerical results are reported for the dry friction problem and the subway problem.

Earlier start of the growing season (SGS) and delayed end of the growing season (EGS) affect plant carbon uptake. However, the effects of phenological changes on carbon allocation to different plant organs remain unclear. Here, we examined the effects and potential mechanisms of phenological changes on carbon allocation to different organs over the...

Understanding the long-term trends in temperature is crucial for assessing the impacts of climate change on agriculture, human and animal health, and natural habitats. An in-depth analysis of long-term spatio-temporal trends of monthly maximum and minimum temperatures along with Diurnal Temperature Range (DTR) from 1951 to 2022 in various Agro-Clim...

The development and standardization of an effective inoculation technique are essential for reliable screening of crop genotypes. In this study, three inoculation methods-in vitro paper towel, in vitro agar, and soil inoculation in pots were tested to evaluate the pathogenic potential of Macrophomina phaseolina, the causative agent of dry root rot...

This study examines the role of bulk cargo ports in improving supply chain efficiency within the Bohai Rim port cluster in China, addressing a gap in the research that has primarily focused on container ports. By analyzing 13 ports in the cluster through the shiftrate model and network analysis, this research aims to understand their adaptation to...

The effects of hot air temperature and slice thickness on the drying kinetics and quality of Hami melon slices (HMS) were studied. HMS (3 mm and 5 mm) were carried out in a forced convection drying oven at temperatures ranging from 60 ~ 90 °C. The increase in hot air temperature and the decrease in slice thickness led to shorter drying times and hi...

This study evaluated the physico-chemical properties of unripe plantain peel, as affected by different drying temperature regimes. The plantain peels were subjected different drying temperatures of 60, 75, 90 and 105 o C for 12 hours, using a laboratory Oven to produce flour samples. Results of the physico-chemical analysis of the flour samples sho...

This study investigates an autonomous truck scheduling problem in dry bulk cargo stockyards, which determines the sequence and schedule of multiple autonomous trucks in a dynamic environment. We formulate a mixed-integer programming model based on alternatie graphs to address the vehicle path conflicts. A metaheuristic approach is implemented in th...

The hydrothermal coefficient (HTC), which is based on precipitation and temperature, is an important index used for characterizing the agroclimatic condition of a region. In the present study, 47 years (1976-2022) of data on air temperature and precipitation of Zamosc (Poland) were used to compute the hydrothermal coefficient (HTC) in different mon...

This study develops a generalized solution for moisture-dependent thermal conductivity (λ eff) in porous media, utilizing readily available parameters. By introducing arbitrary dry and saturated phases, the tri-phase model (solid, gas, and water) is simplified into a two-phase model. Seven analytical solutions are adapted, including series-parallel...

Study Region Min River Basin on the eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Study Focus Precipitation is critical for hydrological processes, making accurate data essential for water management and flood forecasting. Satellite precipitation products offer valuable high-resolution spatiotemporal information, with the GSMaP series being widely used. However,...

Fresh eucalyptus stems can be preserved via systemic absorption of glycerin, but the optimal rate of glycerin and its effect on foliage color and stem pliability during holding have not been well-described. We harvested stems of Eucalyptus pulverulenta ‘Baby Blue’ and treated them in solutions of 0% (control), 25%, 50%, and 75% glycerin:reverse-osm...

Latewood width (LWW) indices of trees are considered a reliable proxy of summer precipitation in the Northern Hemisphere. However, the strong coupling and high correlation between earlywood width (EWW) and LWW indices often prevent registration of climate signals of the LWW index. In this study, 328-year-long earlywood width and latewood width chro...

(Methodology) The consumption statistics for each month of 2020 were used for each of the homes comprising the Benjamin José Cardoso and Sol Nascente Housing Complexes, and the fraction of drinking water that is destined in homes for nonpotable purposes was estimated. The information corresponding to the monthly rainfall records of the last 50 year...

Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) scenarios are based on assumptions about the future development of radiative forcing. There are 4 RCP scenarios, but only 2 RCP scenarios are used in this study, RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5. The aims are to identify characteristics and percentage changes in extreme climate indices in the future. CMIP5 model data...

The aim of this study was to determine the nutritional values related to structural stability during the storage of freeze-dried potato cubes and investigate the colour changes that occur during boiling, freeze-drying, and rehydration, as well as the suitability of rehydration and, on the basis of this information, establish varietal characteristic...

Background: Dermatological disorders are common in diabetes mellitus (DM), with xerosis affecting 40% of patients. Xerosis, characterized by scaling and dryness, can lead to complications such as cracks and infections. Urea-based moisturizers are effective in improving skin hydration and barrier function in diabetic patients. Objective was to evalu...

In a consequence of climate change’s adverse effects, Malaysia’s road infrastructure faces significant challenges, particularly during both dry and rainy seasons, which weaken the natural bonds of the laterite soil. This research, therefore, outlines a laboratory study aimed at assessing the impact of cement stabilisation on the compressibility cha...

Vertical greenery or green walls are spreading rapidly not only in Southeast Asia but also in colder regions such as Western and Central Europe. The simultaneous growth and densification of larger cities has accelerated this trend recently as these cities require increased green space to improve living quality. A significant issue directly affectin...

Spray freeze drying (SFD) represents an emerging drying technique designed to produce a wide range of pharmaceuticals, foods, and active components with high quality and enhanced stability due to their unique structural characteristics. This method combines the advantages of the well-established techniques of freeze drying (FD) and spray drying (SD...

This study investigates the effects of continuous and short-term direct current (DC) stimulation on the growth and nutrient composition of Nitzschia closterium f. minutissima, a marine diatom with significant potential in aquaculture feed. We explored the optimal conditions of DC stimulation by applying both short-term and continuous treatments at...

Based on multiple datasets and different methods, this manuscript objectively determined the rainy season onset (RSO) over the Southeast Asia Low-Latitude Highlands (SEALLH) and investigated the relationship between RSO and spring drought. The RSO date is defined as the minimum of the rainfall departure over the SEALLH, with a mean value of 11 May...

Modeling means finding a mathematical relationship between coordinates. focused on the kinetics of herring fish. Herring fish, known in the Congo vernacular as “makouala”, is available in large quantities in the country. Its consumption and exploitation constitute an important source of nutrients and revenue. The aim of this study is to investigate...

The drying process of battery electrodes is a crucial and expensive step in the battery manufacturing process as it significantly impacts the performance of the final cell. One major challenge is minimising high scrap rates, which has a marked impact on material efficiency and production costs. One approach is to utilise additional in-line sensors...

Changing the level of mineral nutrition has a greater effect on increasing the length of the main shoot and the total length of shoots than the sowing patterns used. With all sowing patterns, with an increase in the fertilizer dose to N120P100K50 kg/ha, the length of the main shoot increases. In dense crops, the biomass of fruits increased more int...

An assessment of the biodiversity and abundance of the herbaceous ground cover of the subori pine cenoses in the Voronezh Region was carried out in the long term (1990 to 2023) under the influence of the factor of reducing forest areas and identifying the most resistant species. Over the observation period from 1990 to 2020, the species composition...

The purpose of the proposed modernization was to create the possibility of harvesting assortments simultaneously with stripping the bark in longitudinal strips to accelerate the natural drying of wood without reducing the productivity of the device compared to its counterparts. The goal was achieved and the forest harvester equipped with the new de...

Gas–solid separation fluidized bed is an efficient and clean coal separation technology with a good separation effect for coal particles. However, there is a lack of systematic research on the complex motion behavior of the feeding particles in gas–solid separation fluidized beds. In this study, the separation kinetics of non-spherical single feedi...

The purpose of our research was to study the digestibility of dry matter of lucerne and meadow clover, to develop methods for selecting highly digestible plants and to create a starting material with increased digestibility of dry matter. This paper presents data on the study of the digestibility of drymatter of lucerne and meadow clover, which dec...

The RAD7 radon monitor, based on the electrostatic collection method, is sensitive to humidity during measurements, necessitating the use of a desiccant to maintain the relative humidity in its built-in chamber less than 10%. Therefore, the gas inside the radon accumulation chamber will also be dried in closed-loop measurement. In the previous stud...

This project employs a geoarchaeological approach to explore human occupation of the highland wetlands (bofedales) and salt flats of the Dry Puna of northern Chile (>2500m above sea level) during the Holocene. Differences in the archaeological record of each ecosystem are tentatively suggested to relate to settlement patterns and the history of the...

This study focused on persimmons and applied variable-temperature pressure-differential puffing drying to produce persimmon chips. The effects of puffing pressure, holding time, drying temperature, and duration on moisture content, crispness, and sensory scores were examined. The optimal parameters determined via response surface methodology were a...

Gas condensate reservoirs present unique production challenges due to condensate dropout in reservoir pores when the pressure drops below the dew point. This immobile condensate accumulation reduces well productivity. Dry gas recycling is a widely recognized enhanced production technique to mitigate this issue and maximize condensate recovery. This...

Abstrak. Pentingnya informasi tentang karakteristik kekeringan pada suatu daerah sangat dibutuhkan untuk mengantispiasi bencana kekeringan. Salah satu cara untuk mengetahui karakteristik kekeringan adalah melalui analisis indeks kekeringan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan indeks kekeringan di Kecamatan Sekotong dengan metode Palmer Drough...

Infeksi Saluran Pernapasan Akut merupakan penyakit infeksi yang menyerang saluran pernapasan manusia dan paling banyak menyerang anak kecil (pediatri). Obat di luar label atau obat off-label didefinisikan sebagai obat yang penggunaannya diluar ketentuan mengenai dosis, cara pemberian, kontraindikasi dan indikasi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu un...

An even‐span greenhouse groundnuts dryer having a reflective north wall has been developed and tested under passive and active modes. The effects of varying sample mass (580, 880, and 1180 g) on the thermal and enviro‐economic performance indicators of the dryer have been investigated. The Nusselt number expression, embodied energy (EE), and capita...

Bu çalışmada, hıyarda fide kalitesi üzerine paklobutrazolun farklı uygulamalarının etkisi araştırılmıştır. Denemede paklobutrazolun 30, 40, 50 ve 60 ppm dozları 2 faklı miktarda (0,5-1,0 ml) ve 2 farklı şekilde uygulanmıştır. Birinci uygulama kotiledon yaprakları yere paralel olduğu dönemde yapılmış ve sonrasında herhangi bir uygulama yapılmamıştır...

Hydroponics not only offers safe food but also ensures vertical utilization of space with higher water use efficiency. This experiment was conducted during 2020 - 2021 at DIBER, DRDO, Haldwani, Nainital (Uttarakhand) to study the effect of various EC level on the growth, yield, and quality of spinach. Nursery of spinach was raised in the portrays...

A BSTRACT Background and Objectives The purpose of the study was to quantify the amount of debris that was extruded apically when single-length and tactile controlled activation (TCA) techniques were used to instrument curved canals. Materials and Methods A total of forty mandibular first molars having curved mesial roots of standardized length w...

The mystery behind the bird nest’s construction is not well understood. Our study focuses on the stability of a self-supporting nest-like structure. Firstly, we derived a stable/unstable phase boundary for the structure at the fixed coefficient of friction with varying geometrical parameters through force analysis. Structures with a lower height an...

An experiment entitled, "Response of paddy (Oryza sativa L.) under natural farming practices" was conducted during kharif season of 2023-24 at farm of Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Sakoli Dist. Bhandara (M.S.) under Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth Akola. The study on paddy revealed that conventional method of RDF 100:50:50 NPK kg ha-1 significantl...

We apply several weighted sum of gray gases models (WSGGMs) to calculate the radiative absorption coefficient for gas mixtures containing H2O and CO2. Our main objectives are to analyze and compare four WSGGMs which have been recently developed for oxy-fuel combustion. The models are compared with the widely-used air-fuel WSGGM of Smith et al. In a...

Quasi-periodic eruptions (QPEs) are intense repeating soft X-ray bursts with recurrence times about a few hours to a few weeks from galactic nuclei. More and more analyses show that QPEs are the result of collisions between a stellar mass object (SMO, a stellar mass black hole or a main sequence star) and an accretion disk around a supermassive bla...

Within the framework of climate change, droughts and flooding have significant societal and environmental ramifications, which prompts research into management strategies, associated risks, and resulting crises. This study aims to demonstrate the historical occurrence of droughts and inondations and their effects on agriculture and the environment....

Background and aim Differences in root system architecture of species grown in mixtures may contribute to overyielding through spatial niche complementarity, depending on soil conditions. We investigated if differences in root system architecture in a grass-forb combination under drying soil conditions contributed to complementarity in root distrib...

In this study, self-lubricating Aluminum Metal Matrix Composites (AMMC) production was carried out by reinforcing graphite material with solid lubricant feature into Al6061 alloy. Self-lubricating composites were turned in a dry environment without the use of cutting fluid. The effects of solid lubricant reinforcement on cutting temperatures, tool...

Background: Independence with the toilet is an important life skill. Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) may present with several deficits that impair their ability to independently use the toilet and often individuals with ASD require more support than is provided in typical toilet training methods, including behavioral toilet training...

The coarsening dynamics at late times in phase-separating systems lead to universally hyperuniform patterns. This is well known for scalar field theories, such as the Cahn-Hilliard equation, but has also been shown for dry scalar active field theories. We demonstrate the role of hydrodynamic interactions in influencing hyperuniformity in a wet acti...

Bacterial swarming is a complex phenomenon in which thousands of self-propelled rod-shaped cells move coherently on surfaces, providing an excellent example of active matter. However, bacterial swarming is different from most studied examples of active systems because single isolated cells do not move, while clusters do. The biophysical aspects und...

Shallow-water sloshing behavior within a prismatic tank has been analyzed utilizing a model of Boussinesq-type equations. The Boussinesq-type equations are calculated by the five-points finite difference method and extrapolating boundary technique are adopted for simulating the runup phenomena around the inclined bottom. The numerical grid points a...