Drying Technology - Science topic

Celebration of dried seafoods products.

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I've a nanomaterial dispersion in water. I want to recover the material in solid form. I have used freeze drying method earlier. Now I want to utilise another method? What would be a facile method for drying the sample properly and recovering the nanomaterial powder?

We are having a seed dryer soon in our Farm. In our assessible markets, grain dryers are common but getting choices for seed dryer is not. I am concerned about germination of seeds if dried in grain dryer which doesn't have temperature control options. Please suggest me mechanical seed drying options suitable for a farm that produces seeds in about 30Ha of land.

What are the precautionary measure that we can adopt to prevent the sprouting while drying the plant sample for herbarium?

Please suggest

What is the relationship between the variables affecting the design of the evaporator chamber with the diameter and height of the chamber?

Dear friends,

Would you please provide me with the pdf format of the book Titled “ Spray drying handbook ” written by K. Masters. I look forward to receiving the file as soon as possible for my research project.

We have modeled hot air air drying of peppermint leaves and need some information about heat and mass transfer coefficients of the leaves to apply in  the model. Please help and guide me me,

Any scientific study or technical report on anaerobic digestate thermal drying for pathogen destruction ?

I need to work on a dry weight of shark liver and I couldnt achieve it through freeze drying

Other than chilling method for preservation of Bombay duck (Harpadon nehereus) during rainy days?

What are the Governing equations (Heat and mass transfer Eq.) for a gas-to-liquid while injection from beside hot air and spray liquid downward jet in the cyclone-tape evaporation chamber?

When swirl gas in a cyclone on the small droplet liquid has impacted increased the resistant time and completed the evaporation processes.

For example, follow this Fig but the schematic upward spray jet with a circular nozzle.

The Corona Virus Epidemic poses an important challenge to practical hygiene on a mass level. Recent research has shown that in places where a great number of persons convene, toilets and wash rooms might be critical for reducing or enhancing spread.The effectiveness of various types of eletcric hand dryers hasbeen at the origin of heated discussions, but to show evidence the the presence or absence of microbes on the hands is just one factor. Other factots, such as the risk of contamination of surfaces surrounding the hand drying device or of the release of contaminated aerosol into the atmosphere surrounding the device. Who knows of more recent studies which have taken into account these elements?

In most sources i found Loss on drying /LOD (w/w %)of a sample is determined by putting about 1g of a powdered sample into an oven at about 105°C for some hours.

Afterwards it is placed in a desiccator while cooling.

This is not only used in most papers i found - but also mentioned in Pharmacopoeias or Certificates of Analysis.

In a few articles i found vacuum desiccators mentioned. But so far nothing about how those two methods compare. Or if it is even possible to get comparabe/accurate results when using a vacuum desiccator with siliga gel instead of an oven?

Does anyone of you have experience in drying powdered samples (e.g. herbal extracts) and determing LOD via vaccum desiccator?

How do the two methods compare? How long does it need roughly to dry?

I work with ceramic aqueous suspensions which I pour into a 3D-printed mold. My current problem is the fact that water evaporates too quickly from my samples, causing bubbles and other dislocations that affect structural integrity. I am currently trying to iron out a process which utilizes an H2SO4/H2O mixture that can create a constant humidity environment inside of an empty desiccator, but many times it has been unsuccessful. Any other ideas or reccomendations would be appreciated as to how I can mitigate this issue.

Hi all,

I'm trying to make some conventional Li-S electrolyte which requires the addition of LiNO3. This chemical is relatively hydroscopic and even the anhydrous one contains quite a lot water. One thing about LiNO3 is it's a strong oxidizer that has the potential of explosion, so I'm hesitant about using common salt drying method (vacuum oven at high temperature). There's also much in literature indicating how did they make their electrolytes and dry LiNO3. Would anyone who's also doing Li-S study tell me how do you dry your LiNO3 salt?

P.S. This is just a thought about justifying using common vacuum oven method to dry oxidizers like LiNO3. Under vacuum, even know LiNO3 is a stronger oxidizer, but there isn't fuel in the oven that can cause fire. After vacuum heat, I can let the temperature drop to room T first before refill the chamber with air, or refill it with Ar. Does it make sense?

Thank you!

I am looking for an efficient way to dry rice seed after surface disinfection and inoculation with fungal spores. Literatures mentioned that they did air dry, but this did not seem to be insufficient to me. it might take hours to dry 3 ml of suspension that i am going to use. The limitations are the samples should not be exposed to high temperature which might inactivate fungal spores and blowers that would cause spreading of fungal spores after drying. Does anyone have a good idea?

I'm working on a project which requires me to bring down the Relative Humidity of my test chamber (150mmx150mmx150mm) to <10%. I would like to know if this is achievable through the use of desiccants such as molecular sieves and silica gel?

(assuming experimental conditions of 20C ambient and chamber temperature and initial RH of 80%~90%. from the total volume of air and relative humidity, my calculations tell me that I need to remove 0.06g of water since my chamber is relatively small in size. But this number seems abit sketchy to me.)

Dear all, we need a procedure to rapid drying plant materials from field or greenhouse experiments to rapidly denaturing enzymes, kills micro-organism and stabilizes the tissues. On one hand we want harvest hundreds of plants and cut it immediately into several parts (leaves, stems, ears and so on) in a short time to avoid changes in daily sequence of metabolic processes. Drying over days in compartment dryer at 105°C or airing cabinet at 60-75 °C for 24 or more hours is not possible because we would need too much for 100 or more plant sample daily. On the other we want determine the dry matter and analyze the content of nitrogen, carbohydrates and other compounds in it after drying without losses. Which power rating (watts) can you recommend, which sample size, when a constant weight will be achieved: 5 minutes, 10 minutes or how many? Have published your experiences with simple domestic microwave ovens anywhere? Commercially microwave ovens are to expansive for us in the moment. Thanks for your answers, regards Petra

I am working on Aloe vera gel processing and product preparation. Aloe gel drying is carried out in freeze drying resulted good quality. In which method ,the biological active component  are minimum affected so we can made use of Aloe gel in cosmetic products.

I'm trying to obtain equal absorption rates of silica gel along a temperature gradient (20 - 40 °C) by adjusting the weight of the silica granules. Is there any literature on the relationship between temperature and absorption capacity (or a formula) of silica gel that can help me calculate this? The silica that will be used are 'shop-grade' pellets.

I need a Comprehensive Review paper on the Application of Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) and Genetic Algorithm (GA) in Drying Technology?

Hello dear researchers,

I am doing some experiments with the freeze-dryer at the moment and I am experiencing a temperature anomaly that I cannot explain.

I tried it with pure water, 1M sucrose in water and water+protein, same result for every sample.

The following happens:

I freeze the samples in glass vials at -70°C shelf temperature for 8 hours, and enable the vacuum at the 8:30h mark. As soon as the vacuum pump starts working, the temperatures of the samples start dropping. That is clear to me, because the sublimation removes heat from the samples.The thing that is not clear to me, is why the temperatures start rising pretty soon as the vacuum gets stronger, and even rise above the value they had before the vacuum was enabled.

There should also be a picture attached. The lines that make the curves are my sample temperatures, the pink line is the pressure and the red line is the shelf temperature. (the picture is zoomed in, the pink line actually starts dropping right where the temperatures start dropping!)

Im happy about any suggestion I can get! Thanks!

- Why are inorganic salts like LiCl, alcohols like TEG, some ionic liquids, or other materials such as cellulose hygroscopic?

- Are there different mechanisms for hygroscopic substances (liquid or solid) to absorb/adsorb/desorb water?

- Can somebody recommend any book or publication about the theory behind hygroscopicity?

Thank you.

I have a solution of protein hydrolysate and I want to dry the solution without changing the peptide activity. Freeze drying unit isn't working and I need another method of drying the sample. Can I use a spray drier? What will be the protocol.

Dear colleagues,

We are having trouble drying nanocrystalline cellulose as oven drying is not recommended as it results in major aggregation of fibers. Does anybody know any alternative to spray- or freeze-drying?

Thank you

Lucca Malucelli

if we take out all amount of air from a plastic bottle means making vacuum in plastic bottle and after this close the cap on it, then bottle get small in volume into the earth environment, generally we say that volume of bottle has been decreased due to the difference of the air pressure, but if we take this bottle into the space where is no air then what happen 1) will the size of the bottle increase to get perfect bottle condition? or 2) it will remain same in size/volume?

if we open the cap of bottle then what happen? 1) will the size of the bottle increase to get stable condition? or 2)will  it remain same in size?

please give me the best suggestion because my research is in trouble condition without this solution.

Harvest Right offers moderately large freeze dryers for food at a fraction of the cost of one from labconco, anyone see a reason why this would be a bad idea?

thanks

Hello im working on making a films of hydroxyapatite coated on polymeric phase but when I dryied it at ambiant air  i have seen some micro cracks on the surface. the cracks are not desired because after the calcination the mechanical strenght wil be very low. Can someone explain that phenomena even at low temperature

In most of the research papers deep-bed models are considered for studying the drying rate of agricultural crops in a solar cabinet drier.In these cases the deep-bed drier is considered a series of thin-layer model for analysis.So is it advisable to consider an experimental setup thin-layer.Is there any problem in doing so?

parboiling involves soaking,steaming and drying, how does these stages contribute to paddy breakage

I wan to integrate NaSO4 pellets and NaCl as desiccant to aid continuous drying of tomato in a humid environment with limited sun.

pseudobulbs of Philippine Ground Orchid (Spathoglottis plicata Blume)

I would like to understand the formula or ways to calculate the drying time and other variable parameters required to dry a food product using hot air. Known data are - initial product moisture, weight and expected final moisture, drying air temperature, air velocity. Drying time needs to be calculated. Can some one help ?

Equilibrium moisture content

I need some researches on the parameters affecting solar drying of date palm like air relative humidity and initial moisture content of dates 

During drying, heat and mass transfer is commonly observed along with a change in volume (i.e. Shrinkage). Which tool should be chosen to model this process?

Thank you in advance.

Im asking about the effect of the drying process from 35 C to 105 C on the final mechanical proproties of a prepared Alumina foam using a suspension coated on polymeic sponge 

I am using a anionic drug (490mg) plus an adjuvant (250mg of Polaxamer 188) in 100mL of ultrapure water (Solution A)

Then using a mother solution of an anionic polyssacharide (10mg) in 100mL (solution B)

I pick 25mL of A and 25mL of B (50mL final) and spray dry

But, when I spray dry (Buchi Nano Spray Dryer B-90), I cannot recover anything because all of these solids stay in the particle collector wall.

I am wondering that:

1) the solution (A+B) is too moist, because i am using 60 celsius.

2) the solution have high concentration of drug/adjuvant.

3) Polaxamer 188 is non-anionic and I using two anionic compounds). But all cationic adjuvants that i searched (I.e. benzalkonium hydrochloride) show high pulmonary toxicity.

I have two options that i can try:

1) Change the temperature (60 to 100 celsius to observe that the moist is the problem)

2) Change concentrations of Polaxamer 188.

Anyone can help?

Dear friends,

I've prepared alginate nanocapsules which are in distilled water. How can I dry them other than freeze-drying and spray-drying methods? In other word, in order to get a dried and powdered capsules what method you suggest?

My goal is to evaluate their stability in the simulated gastric fluid (SGF), So I need dried form of them. For example, according to a paper, 20-30 mg of microcapsules added to a glass tube containing SGF. 

I want to test a methanolic extract on cell line..however, my extract is not dry enough..the extract is still wet after being concentrated by rotovap..some people suggest just put it in oven at 60 degrees C but I am afraid the extract will be spoilt..please help

As soon is sample is inserted in the chamber at -80 C, bubbles starts forming and restricts the drying process. What could be done to avoid this.

Hello,

we performed an easy drying experiment with a membrane wetted with water  by using a moisture analyzer. I have the data of weight change in time, temperature, moisture and membrane size. so is it possible for me to calculate mass transfer coefficent and diffusion coefficent from these data if so how can i do that ? 

Thank you.

We have a bench-top freeze dryer from labconco. But unfortunately our vacuum system with this dryer stopped working. Please suggest me an inexpensive vacuum system that we can add with the dryer. (please see the attached photo of the dryer). Thanks in advance.

Calcination of feed happens while steam @ 400 Deg Celsius enter the dryer.

We dry the sawdust before grinding in oven at 60 degree for 2 days but after grinding and seiving into different sizes the sawdust need to be dry again to begin reactions based on dry weight.

please help me as I am new master student in this feild

I want to get the aerogel of bacterial cellulose by freeze drying. But when i freeze bacterial cellulose in refrigerator, some ice forms outside the material, which differs from the ones frozen by liquid nitrogen. Could anyone tell me the reason of this difference and corresponding consequence?

Could you give me a method in order to producing of a ""white"" dried mushroom powder "without" sodium bisulfite or other chemical materials?

mushrooms have very unstable colour, so during the drying process (eventually due to oxygen /hot air in tray drier) their colour immediately change to black. 

In my previous research, I used skim 10%, sucrose 10% and combination of both skim and sucrose (10%:10%) as cryoprotectant for freeze drying of Lactobacillus plantarum. I found out that the survival after freeze drying in presence of single skim and sucrose were higher than in the presence of combination of both. Is there anyone can explain how it could happened ?

I have purified a compound via HPLC, using water and methanol. the compound heat and light sensitive so my sample cannot be dried down via rotovap or other standard methods. i was planning on  freeze drying, but the methanol concentration is to high--around 80%--to effectively freeze so this is not an option either. i was thinking i could possibly use a high vac to evaporate the methanol and then use freeze drying. does this sound like a viable option? does anyone have any other ideas to separate my compound from solution. perhaps an ion column? its a polar carotenoid

Design and fabrication of a dryer for maize on corn cobs.

I have extracted surface layer protein from lactobacillus with 5M LiCl, dialysis against distilled water for overnight (approximately 20 hours) (5-10C), and freeze dry them. However, I found that some of the freeze dried powder will turn into liquid again (yellowish brown colour) and they cannot freeze into solid at -18C, thus I cannot freeze dry them again. Are they remains of MRS broth and how do I freeze dry all my proteins? I have tried to store the freeze dried proteins at -20C and room temperature (25C) and this problem still exist. 

Is it necessary to dry the plant material to prepare an extract or extract/isolate/separate active substances (class of compounds or pure phytochemicals) from plant sources?

I have to dry biological material to preserve it for late analyses. I first wanted to try a drying at 50 °C but finally chose at 40 °C to preserve the quality of sample. At 40 °C it will take longer, but does it have also an effect on the humidity of the sample at the end?

Is it better to explain fissure or crack generation during drying?

The quantities will be low (~20 cc/min) but it is desired to maintain flow for long times (hours)

Ambient Conditions

I perform DSC,  temperature  -60 to 120C, of my spray dried powder sample. But i cant set the base line which transition 1 or 2  will be the glass transition temperature Tg. When i set to base line i got onset, endset and midpoint temperature. Which one is the Tg. In Gordon Taylor model,  Tg, Tgs, and Tgware the glass transition temperatures of the mixture, solids, and water, respectively,xw is the mass fraction of water, and k is the Gordon-Taylor parameter, how can i predict. specially k value . my sample solid about 96% water 4%. 

We don't have any device which is able to measure low air humidity values. Could anyone give a reference to published research concerning relative humidity over silica gel? How much water would contain a small aliquot of bacterial biomass desiccated for 2 weeks at 20°C?

I can not trust to my calculations when APS has H2O.

Microwave heating method has been increased in use due to its unique heating characteristic.

  Should respiration heat be considered as a factor affecting the vacuum drying process? The question is based on some experts' opinions on this effect.  

I need to propose technologies for efficiently drying bagasse for experimentation in the industry.

The sample is supposed to dry completely prior to using FTIR  to see the spectrum without an effect of water. Ask

What is the most appropriate method to dry ethanol?

Why exactly? I have read that heating soils above 70 degrees C can cause some N compounds to volatilize, but I am having a hard time finding a reference to explain this. Is this 70 degree cut off the same for all soils?

I am trying to understand the cost for drying of casein product. At present this material has a moisture content of 51% and expecting to get a moisture content <10%. I really appreciate your feedback and $/ton if possible. The method should be feasible for industrial production applications.

I am drying my enzyme a with freeze dryer with maltodextrin 0,5% as an additives. I did not get the fine powders shape, instead, I got sticky caramel-like shape. Can anyone here explain to me what is happening with my enzyme?

I would like to calibrate a method to measure water content into concrete structure with TDR technique. My purpose is to monitor the weight of a 16cmx32cm concrete cylinder when drying. Because my TDR probe is rather large, I can not consider much smaller specimen. Of course, the hydric equilibrium will probably take a long time to be reached. I wonder if a moderate increase temperature (40 to 60°C) is a good way to speed up the drying process, because it may involve some water that would not have been released in standard (20°C) conditions. The calculation of water content could then be misleading. If somebody gets an advice or a comment, it would be very helpful for me. Thanks in advance.

Keep constant frequency but various moisture contents

I am interested in performing a Lipid Extraction for MS analysis and the protocol states to dry the organic layer under a stream of N2 gas or speed vacuum. Is there a good alternative to this? The reason being, we do not own the equipment necessary to use N2 gas or a speed vacuum. Is there a cost efficient alternative?