Drought - Science topic

i have done drought forecasting but i need to proceed the research towards prescriptive analytics so any domain experts in drought can suggest me what are the prescriptive analytics that can be carried out in drought since weather is not under human control

SPI is more complex measure to identify drought conditions and the acquisition of data is a big problem.

Name of Springer journals of 5-7 IF on abiotic stress tolerance

Recently,I know that there are many deep learning in atmospheric science field,I am interested in how to use the deep learning in prediction of drought and how could I start to learn machine learning

I want to test 33 genotypes of a crop under 4 drought levels, the number of check varieties in my experiment will be 3 in addition to the 33 testing genotypes. That is the total number of my seed types will be 36 (33 testing genotypes and 3 check varieties). So, my experiment has two factors, i.e. Genotypes and Drought levels.

Now i want to know the following:

1. What will be the Treatments-Combinations for this experiment ?

2. What will be data input format in MS Excel for analysis purpose ?

3. What will be the script for analyzing collected data of the above experiment in R-studio?

4. Should we call the above experiment as "Augmented RCBD" or "Augmented Factorial RCBD" ?

Thanks to all of you in anticipation.

Can Polyethylene Glycol (PEG-6000) be used in pots filled with soil for evaluating the drought tolerance of seeds ?

Available data is out of date.

With the help of standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index how we get return period of drought?

Hi. I am working on drought prone areas and wants to calculate the 75% of dependable rainfall but i am unable to find the formula.

..

Hello,

I know there is an R package for calculating scPDSI values for a single location over many years. I have 8009 locations to calculate so I would really appreciate if there is any way to calculate this with R!

I want to prepare the three levels of PEG-6000, which are 5% (mild drought), 10% (moderate drought), and 20% (severe drought). Many people said that to make 5% of PEG-6000, we need to take 5g of PEG-6000, dissolve it in water, and make a volume of 100 ml. In the same way, 10g for 10% PEG and 20g for 20% PEG. I want to confirm if this calculation is correct. The second question is how to apply this solution in potted plants grown in vermiculite culture? Is there any specific dose (5ml or 10ml per pot)? Most of the papers do not mention the dose per plant. your answers to my question will be highly appreciated. Thanks

can give you equation Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI)

Comparative analyses of SPI and SPEI and drought index.

The proposed function is Y = f( Xi, Ci, Bi, Oi)

Where,

Dependent variable

Y= Yield

Independent variables

Xi= Physical inputs (i.e. chemical fertilizers, organic fertilizers, etc)

Ci=Climatic variables (i.e. rainfall, drought, salinity, stagnant water in which degree of severity will be identified as no effect "0", low "1", medium"2", and high effect"3". besides % of crop loss due to this effect will also be considered.)

Bi= Biotic stresses (% of crop loss due to insect attack, diseases infestation)

Oi= Others effect (Soil type, land type, etc.)

With the increasing need for sustainable agriculture and climate change resilience, how can plant breeders effectively incorporate complex traits such as drought tolerance, disease resistance, and high yield into crop varieties while maintaining genetic diversity?

How to Analyse of RDI drought index with matlab or R-statistics softwares?

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Our research integrates satellite-based remote sensing techniques, hydrological modeling, artificial intelligence models, and data analysis to address water-related challenges. We strive to enhance our understanding of hydrometeorological extremes within the context of climate change.

For instance, our focus on improving our understanding of drought risk and its dynamics is to consider the changing climate patterns. Responsibilities of the postdoctoral fellows include:

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How can food security be improved in regions that are vulnerable to drought, famine, and other environmental disasters?

I am seeking to detect conifer vulnerability to severe drought by measuring conductivity with a high conductivity flow meter, taking the sample from the field so my concern is how to bring and keep the samples before starting the measurements in the lab.

Any information is much appreciated. Thanks in advance

There are certain critical traits that help us to determine drought-sesitive or drought-tolerant genotypes? This question seeks information on these useful traits

which datase among CHIRPS, CPC-NOAA, Persia-CDR and APHRODITE is best for conducting climatic research like drought and weather vextremes in Pakistan? anyone please help and guide please

There are 10 Varieties of wheat for drought selection, beside this we want to know the most productive verities + diseases infections in open field trial in the same experimental design.

Thanks in advance

How can maize yield and quality be improved under drought and heat stress conditions?

I am looking for the papers which analyzed the drought tolerant activity of rice varieties by using PEG6000 in hydroponics culture and soils with water (field trial) both. I found only one paper. Could you please help me to find more papers which use both methods?

Thank you.

I am investigating the effect of environment on gca, sca and heritability degree. Line x tester = 4 x 5.

But the scarcity of drinking water occurring in an increasing number of countries in Europe and also on other continents is caused not only by the progressive process of global warming, but also by unsustainable agriculture carried out in ignorance of the planet's climate and biosphere. But the scarcity of drinking water occurring in an increasing number of countries in Europe and also on other continents is caused not only by the progressive process of global warming, but also by unsustainable agriculture carried out in ignorance of the planet's climate and biosphere. The over-intensive, production-intensive cultivation of agricultural crops, mainly for the production of fodder for livestock rather than food for humans, and the production of exotic fruit sold mainly in supermarkets and hypermarkets in other countries, is also a significant factor in the excessive consumption of surface water and rainwater and the decline in drinking water levels over ever larger areas.

In view of the above, I address the following question to the esteemed community of scientists and researchers:

What do you think about this topic?

What is your opinion on this subject?

Please respond,

I invite you all to discuss,

Thank you very much,

Best wishes,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

In different regions of the world, on different continents, more and more negative effects of the progressive process of global warming, of the ongoing climate crisis, etc. are appearing. These include, above all, the natural effects of the loss of biodiversity of natural ecosystems, the effects on water resources of increasingly severe and prolonged droughts, water shortages in certain areas, decreasing rainfall, the drying up of lakes and rivers, the barrenness of soils, the decline in agricultural productivity, etc. In recent years, there has also been an increase in the scale of the emergence of the global crisis. In recent years there has also been an increase in the occurrence of hot weather, increasingly high summer temperatures, the occurrence of forest fires, etc., the drying out of forest litter in forests, a decrease in the humidity of the microclimate in areas of forests, agricultural fields and urban agglomerations. In this way, the living conditions for people in increasingly large areas of land are steadily deteriorating year by year. More and more lakes are drying up. A significant proportion of the large lakes, too, have already reduced their surface area and the water reserves they have accumulated over thousands of years. For example, the surface area of the saline Great Lake in the state of Utah in the USA has decreased significantly over the last few years. This is a result of excessive water consumption (mainly by agriculture) and the ongoing process of global warming. There are many harmful, toxic heavy metal and other compounds on the bottom of this lake. It is a drainless lake, i.e. all waste and toxins settle in the lake. Already half of the lake bottom is above the water surface. The drying up of the lakes results in negative changes in the microclimate around the lake, the barrenness of the soils, the desertification of the surrounding natural environment, the possibility of sandstorms, a decrease in the moisture content of the soils around the lake, a decrease in the productivity of the soils in terms of their use for agricultural purposes. In addition to this, the negative effects of lake desiccation include the negative natural effects of a decrease in the level of biodiversity, both in terms of the lake biosphere and the natural ecosystems functioning in the vicinity of the desiccating lake. In view of the above, it is increasingly important to improve and increase the scale of protection of lakes from drying out and to create solutions to counteract or slow down this unfavourable process. These solutions include prohibiting the extraction of water from a drying-up lake for industrial, agricultural, municipal, etc. purposes. If the drying-up lake is located in a predominantly agricultural area, an important solution may be the creation of new deep wells, rainwater harvesting systems, a change in the agricultural model from unsustainable to sustainable ecological agriculture and, in areas close to the seas and oceans, the development of seawater desalination systems.

In view of the above, I address the following question to the esteemed community of scientists and researchers:

What is your opinion on this?

What is your opinion on this subject?

Please respond,

I invite you all to discuss,

Thank you very much,

Best wishes,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

Currently, many agricultural landowners have expressed their dissatisfaction with the new regulations.

On the one hand, the obligation to use fertilizer products agreed by the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP). On the other hand, they claim that the consumer pays 50% more than what they earn in profits.

To this issue, we must add the drought suffered in the main areas that are dedicated to agriculture together with the low temperatures to which many of these farmers are not prepared.

This has caused a loss of product and, as a consequence, a loss of capital in the sector.

Many are considering selling their land to large companies.

How could the loss of agriculture affect Andalusia?

There are families that continue living from the farming tradition, a tradition that has passed from parents to children. Do you think that the loss of this inheritance could change the Andalusian family system?

It is a rice genotypes evaluation and I want to use 1000 grain weight, but these genotypes can not produce 1000 grain yield due to drought so I want to scale down to a 100-grain weight.

What is your advise on this one?

The effects of progressive global warming include increasingly higher average air temperatures, record high temperatures recorded annually during the summer heat waves, longer and more severe periods of drought, and rivers, lakes and wells drying up. Drought is becoming an increasingly serious problem in agriculture. In some regions of the world, crop production is already declining due to increasingly frequent periods of drought. In metropolitan areas, too, increasingly frequent heat and drought are generating a number of serious problems. Many urban agglomerations lack clean water and rivers are heavily polluted. As a result, in some cities restrictions are being imposed on water use beyond food and sanitation purposes. For example, watering lawns may be allowed once a week in some cities. During periods of drought, total bans are imposed on watering lawns and washing cars from clean running water intakes. In addition, during hot weather in the situation of large areas of concrete and small areas of green space, the lack of urban parks in metropolitan areas, the air temperature rises strongly. In the situation of lack of water and strong heating of concrete surfaces, living conditions in urban agglomerations deteriorate significantly. In addition, in a situation of underdeveloped renewable energy sources and thermal power generation based on dirty fossil fuel combustion energy and a large number of internal combustion cars, smog characterized by strong air pollution from toxic wastes of combustion processes is increasingly appearing. As a result, some residents of large urban areas are moving out of city centers to the outskirts of cities, suburbs or the countryside. This is fostered by the development of remote work provided via the Internet. However, problems related to the shortage of clean water are steadily worsening. In the long term, it is necessary to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in order to slow down the ongoing process of global warming. In view of the increasingly serious problems caused by scarcity of clean water, city governments are introducing new solutions for reducing water consumption.

In view of the above, I address the following question to the esteemed community of researchers and scientists:

What is your opinion on this issue?

Please answer,

I invite everyone to join the discussion,

Thank you very much,

Warm regards,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

For example, in winter it is hot, and in spring or summer there are such unpleasant situations as snowfall, floods in some regions, and in some-drought.

In agriculture, can we adapt the crops we grow to be drought tolerant? Can we improve stress?

Hello everyone!

I have interesting question asked by my professor and I could not find relevant answer anywhere.

Why are we seeing up and down pattern on transcript abundance? Example RNA seq data for a gene from a rice transcriptome data base is attached. LOCUS ID is highlighted in yellow and transcript abundance is in below three samples after drought treatment.

The question is ,why the signal level is not uniform on Exons? is it low signal reads? Why there are gaps or sudden fall in signals? ( which are Marked in Red arrows) How to read and understand this? and I know this is the common pattern in RNA-seq data, but I don’t know why? It’s an interesting question asked by my professor! can any bioinformatician help me understand this? Thanks in advance.

Hello ,

I am doing drought propagation using two catchments with SPI and SSI . My question , I would to do like the graph in the picture attached. Do have any useful tutorial or maybe some suggestion R packages that is suitable to produce the same graph.

Thanks in advance

I need literatures on Mozambique floods and drought, any suggestions are highly appreciated.

I am trying to monitor/find out the drought of certain Nepal areas to relate it to agriculture. I don't have historical data but only SMAP data i.e after 2015. So, based on it, is there any way I can use this to find out the drought?

I have only Temperature and precipitation data of climate station

In my country Nepal, variation in weather patterns and drought are the major climate related problems.

Namaskar,

I have monthly RDI(drought index) for each year.Means 12 data in each year.

I want to calculate 3 months and 6 months RDI index.

Can u plz explain the manual Process of calculating 3 months 6 months index.

I want to understand manual process not softwares

I am trying to predict drought intensity in a wet tropical forest region using Long-term precipitation data.

I think that ectoin enzyme is important for the soil and terrestrial plant ecosystem. I think that the origin of this enzyme, which increases the resistance of plants to drought, should be discussed. Thank you for your ideas and comments that will contribute to this issue.

Kind regards,

Turan Yüksek (Ph.D.)

Professor of Ecosystem Ecology

I need to know about research on date palm based on drought occurances and develop recommendations based on technologies, or research and development that can provide solutions to farmers in australia to ensure resillience during drought times. Growing and production in drought and desert climates, and report on how farmers here in australia can implement date trees on their farms to increase resillience during times of drought when other crops would otherwise fail.

needed o know about research on date palm based on drought occurances and develop recommendations based on technologies, or research and development that can provide solutions to farmers in australia to ensure resillience during drought times. Growing and production in drought and desert climates, and report on how farmers here in australia can implement date trees on their farms to increase resillience during times of drought when other crops would otherwise fail.

What are the main approaches used for drought monitoring?

How they are applied in big data drought monitoring?

that can sustain

Higher temperature

drought conditions

sandy soil

saline water

please recommend crops for different seasons like winter, summer, spring and autumn.

To breed rice for drought tolerance, is it feasible to start selection in the F2 by picking out offspring harbouring certain molecular markers, given that it is expected that these QTLs will continue segregating in the subsequent generations? Or is it better to keep selfing a hybrid population until the F5 or F6 and then start selection?

We conducted an experiment to test single and mixed effects of heat & drought stress on Canola.

Here is an overview:

We had 16 treatments (4*temperature, 2*drought, 2* stress timing) --> 16 tt

We had eight plants per treatment, which we assessed on the level of four branches (1, 2, 3, and rest) --> 16 tt * 4 branches.

We planted seeds in Petry dishes every dish had 1 g of seeds. We started to account for germinated seeds after 12 hours of planting and removing germinated seeds; we accounted for seeds after 12h, 14h,16h, 18h, 20h, 24h, 36 h,38h, and 40h. so we have a gap in data during the night

Unfortunately, we did not use the same total seeds number.

when we tried to apply the four-parameter hill function 

FourPHFfit(germ.counts = y, intervals = int, total.seeds = 50, tmax = 20, partial = FALSE)

we faced some problems

1. How can we add our data to this function and fit it to our four factors? In the R script, I just added x and y as:

x <- data_frame1$Hour

y <- data_frame1$AGP

2. How can we insert time replication?

3. And how can we insert total seeds as a column, not as an individual value?

I attached the data set and R script

Thank you in advance

Regards

Dima

The decline in agricultural production and exports in many countries is pushing up food prices. The scale of food shortages will increase in many countries and the risk of a food crisis is growing. More and more data confirms that after the recent pandemic economic crisis 2020, the growing economic crisis caused by high inflation, the developing energy crisis in 2023, there will also be a food crisis in many parts of the world. In the current 2022, a number of factors have simultaneously emerged that could lead to a food crisis and hunger in many countries of the world. These include the following factors:

1. the war in Ukraine (production and exports of cereals and other agricultural crops from Russia and Ukraine have fallen significantly).

2. Record heat, drought, forest and crop field fires in many parts of the world (in India, record heat reaching 50 ct. C in the shade; drought throughout the western states of the USA; in central and eastern Africa the worst drought in 40 years).

3. Flooding of farmland in China in 2021 (30 million acres of farmland under water. Chinese authorities have announced that the 2022 crop yield could be the lowest in the context of the previous few decades).

4. postcovid broken chains of international logistics and supplies.

5. in 2020, the Lebanese capital Beirut suffered a gigantic explosion at the port that destroyed all infrastructure, including huge grain silos.

For these and other reasons, the number of people in the world at risk of hunger has increased by 80 per cent in the last five years, from 108 million to 183 million people.

After Vladimir Putin ordered 200,000 Russian troops into Ukraine, the global food situation went from poor to bad. Especially this negative trend is developing in poor countries, where economies are underdeveloped and income levels of citizens are also low.

Before the war, Ukraine was the 5th economy in terms of global wheat exports, 3rd in barley exports, 3rd in maize exports and 1st in oilseed exports (e.g. sunflower). In Ukraine, areas of fertile chernozem extend as far as Manzuria. Before the war, Ukraine produced 9 per cent of the world's wheat, and together with Russia, this is now 30 per cent. Ukraine generated 20 per cent of the world's maize exports. By contrast, Ukraine's exports of sunflower oil account for as much as 75 per cent of the global share. Food exports from Ukraine are also estimated at 1/8 of all calories sold globally. Most of these exports before the war, i.e. before 24 February 2022, were loaded onto ships in Odessa and Novorossiysk and transported to the Middle East and elsewhere in the world. The war has created serious problems for food production and export in Ukraine. The Russians have blockaded the Black Sea ports with their Black Sea fleet.

In view of the above, I address the following question to the honourable community of scientists and researchers:

How can the scale of the development of the food crisis be reduced?

What is your opinion on this topic?

Please reply,

I invite you all to discuss,

Thank you very much,

Regards,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

Due to many different factors, a food crisis can develop in many countries. The international supply and supply logistics chains that were interrupted during the SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) coronavirus pandemic have not been fully rebuilt. Rising fuel prices are driving up the cost of transporting food products to shops. The decline in fertiliser production is also driving up the cost of producing crops. In addition, the war in Ukraine has resulted in a decline in cereal supplies to many countries. The lack of electricity has caused a decline in the production of nitrogenous fertilisers. This then caused a decrease in the production of CO2, which benefits producers of many types of food products. Many food product factories are raising the prices of their products due to increases in raw material, energy and fuel prices. Many production facilities are reducing the scale of production. There may be job cuts. Consumption is falling due to high inflation. If a downturn in the economy occurs in the next quarters, many companies may go out of business and unemployment will rise. In addition, periods of increasingly severe drought, more and more hot days and less and less rain and more and more frequent fires in many parts of the world are causing a significant drop in crop production in agriculture. On the other hand, further food crises may arise in the future in the long term, which will be the result of a global climate crisis developing on a multi-year scale.

In view of the above, I address the following question to the esteemed community of researchers and scientists:

What is your opinion on the subject?

What do you think about this topic?

Please reply,

I invite you all to discuss,

Thank you very much,

Regards,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

Is the current (mid-2022) record low water level in rivers a weather anomaly or another example of a long-term unfavourable trend resulting from accelerating global warming?

As of mid-August 2022, river water levels in several countries in Europe are at a 500-year record low.

It has been reported in the meanstream media that, for example, France's longest river, the Loire, can already be crossed on foot in some places.

Besides, the Loire has never flowed so slowly. The Rhine in Germany, on the other hand, is fast becoming impassable by barges.

In Italy, the water level in the Po is 2 metres lower than usual, with devastating effects on crops.

Is this a weather anomaly or another example of an unfavourable trend realised over a multi-year period as a result of accelerating global warming?

Or is it a combination of various unfavourable factors in 2022, which has resulted in the simultaneous occurrence of weather anomalies and the effects of an accelerating global warming process?

On the one hand, many countries have experienced hotter and hotter summers, more and more hot days in the summer period, increasingly frequent droughts, rivers and lakes drying up, less and less rainfall, etc.

On the other hand, an increase in the scale of forest fires has been reported in many countries. In Poland, from the beginning to the middle of 2022, there have already been as many forest fires as in the whole of the previous 2021.

What is your opinion on this subject?

What is your opinion on this topic?

Please reply,

I invite you all to discuss,

Thank you very much,

Greetings,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

As we know, drought will continue in the Mena region and one of the best strategies to deal with water shortage is water recycling. However, there are only limited experiences in some countries in this regard, so I am looking for broader examples, especially models that are approved by the health monitoring organizations of the countries.

In the fall of 2005, the Amazon River suddenly dried up (photo attached). At the same time, a little to the north, in the Caribbean, the number of tropical cyclones increased abnormally (the graph is attached). In addition, the formation of tropical cyclones continued until January 2006, see cyclones Delta and Zeta (map attached). It happened in one geographic region. I think these anomalies may have a common cause. I analyzed the gravitational field, which can form an anomaly of high atmospheric pressure in the region. Maybe there are other ideas? In 2010, the drought in the Amazon was not accompanied by an anomaly of tropical cyclogenesis.

Researchers frequently think that these terms are synonyms.

Progressive climate change, including the process of global warming, is causing increasing droughts and desertification of areas. The scale of areas with decreasing rainfall is growing. Surface and sub-surface water resources are decreasing. Water resources for irrigation of agricultural fields are decreasing. Drinking water supplies are also declining.

In view of the above, the question becomes increasingly topical:

What do you think about this topic?

What is your opinion on this subject?

Please reply,

I invite you all to discuss,

Thank you very much,

Regards,

Dariusz

Does the technique of cloud seeding solve the problem of drought and the expanding water crisis, especially among the riparian countries?

What’s a best method of water management in case of an agricultural drought? Which bill provides details for regulation and control of groundwater?

Using R

Program or software to calculate EDI

What are the different mechanisms driving abrupt and gradual drought terminations? What are the climate model projections of drought termination characteristics? To what extent are climate and hydrological models able to simulate observed drought termination events?

for example SPI, Drought index, seasonality index?

Hi all,

I have river run-off annual data and a catchment composite mean value of PDSI values (drought index). A simple regression model tells me that the PDSI well predicts the run-off (what can be physiologically expected). I checked the residuals, normality, homocedasticity, p-value. All perform fine, all is significant. The data spans 1869-2012.

Because I have the PDSI values for the period 0-2012, would it be possible to use the results of the model to reconstruct the run-off for the same period?

the model reads:

runoff_1869_2012 = ß0 + ß*PDSI_1869_2012

-> summary(model): ß0 = 1055.363 and ß=55.668

hence, would this make sense:

runoff_0_2012 = 1055.363 + 55.668*PDSI_0_2012

Eventually, I get the reconstructed run-off for the whole period with a certain uncertainty?

Many thanks for suggestions on this very basic question!

all best,

Michael

I have studied the effect of ANE (Ascophylum Nodosum extract) on okra under drought stress. First factor is drought (control, mild stress, severe stress) and second factor is foliar application of ANE (Ascophylum Nodosum extract) (control, 0.1%, 0.2% and 0.3%), The experiment was conducted in pots using statistical design CRD (complete randomized design), same media was used. Drought stress, foliar application of ANE (Ascophylum Nodosum extract) and their interaction significantly effected physiological and biochemical parameters of okra. But the data recorded on control plants of drought, ANE (Ascophylum Nodosum extract) and their interaction is different from each other. Plants growing in control conditions are without any treatment.

Drought Monitoring and Detection

Greetings,

We're working on the cocoa yield estimation based on the SIMPLE crop model ( ). We're looking for a source to estimate the sensitivity of RUE (Radiation use efficiency) to the ARID index (Agricultural Reference Index for Drought) proposed by The original paper called this relationship as S_water.

We truly appreciate your guidance.

Kind regards

It is mainly about the transcriptome of plant drought, preferably without a page fee.

While numerous broad-scale studies, meta-analyses, and models have revealed factors associated with drought susceptibility, I have not seen studies addressing fine-scale drought vulnerability. I suspect slope, aspect, openness, soil thickness, etc. may be important, but I am wondering if anyone else has studied this. Thanks!

We mostly associate drought with vegetative traits. I wonder if flower characteristics of dryland plants are shaped by drought. Is the presence or absence of the perianth and the type or structure of reproductive parts of a flower affected by this? I need sources on flower buds, flowers, fruit and seeds. Do you have any recommendation on this matter?

I have used plot() function in base R to produced the attached SPI plot but I have never seen these black dots on the x-axis before. About the grey lines on the plot, I have seen these in other plots too but I don't know what they are. Can somebody please tell me what these things are?

I have calculated Standard Precipitation Index (SPI) values using "SPEI" package in R. Interestingly, I have got some zero values of SPI for about 10 months in the same year and this has happened for multiple years. I was wondering about the possibility of this to happen as I haven't seen anything like this in the papers that I've been through. Please do tell if there is someting wrong here.