Science topic

Diverticulum - Science topic

A pouch or sac developed from a tubular or saccular organ, such as the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT.
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Clipping alone or endoscopic band ligation (EBL) alone are the main endoscopic hemostatic methods for colonic diverticular bleeding (CDB). We have established a novel method combining EBL and clipping (EBL-C) for the hemostasis of CDB (Endoscopy E-videos); this study evaluated its usefulness. From March 2019 to July 2024, we endoscopically treated...
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A male, intact, four-month-old feline was referred for veterinary evaluation due to persistent episodes of urinary incontinence that began two months prior, along with a protrusion under the skin in the perineal region. The patient was presumptively treated for cystitis but continued to experience recurrent episodes of urinary incontinence. Followi...
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Objective To explore the role of endometrial defects in the pathogenesis of abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB). Design Retrospective case–control study. Setting Two tertiary centres. Population or Sample We included 155 patients with caesarean scar defects (CSDs) who underwent hysteroscopy (69 AUB, 86 non‐AUB). Thirty patients with AUB were success...
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Zenker’s diverticulum is a rare cause of dysphagia and is not commonly seen in clinical practice. It may present as regurgitation of food, dysphagia, nocturnal cough or bad breath. A 52-year-old man gave three months history of difficulty swallowing along with regurgitation of food after lying down, intermittently associate with sensation of food g...
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Lemmel's syndrome is a rare and often underdiagnosed condition characterized by the compression of the common bile duct by a duodenal diverticulum, leading to the dilation of both intra- and extra-hepatic bile ducts. We present the case of a 55 year-old woman with unexplained bile duct dilation, where imaging studies, including biliary MRI (bili-IR...
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Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) is used to diagnose and monitor primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). To assess inter-reader agreement for the diagnosis of PSC/autoimmune sclerosing cholangitis (ASC) and for individual MRCP features of cholangiopathy in a pediatric sample. This was a retrospective, IRB-approved study that include...
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Urinary bladder diverticula are common and are frequently incidentally discovered. Many downstream complications can occur due to urinary stasis, such as bladder diverticular stones, infection, and malignancy. Understanding the physiology of bladder diverticula and potential pitfalls and mimics is critical to an accurate description of bladder dive...
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Sigmoid sinus diverticula are relatively rare but typically cause pulsatile tinnitus (PT) in the involved ear. Occasionally, symptoms produced by blood flowing through the diverticulum are severe enough to necessitate recontouring the sigmoid sinus. Recently, a 59-year-old female was evaluated after years of worsening unilateral PT. CT angiography...
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Objective To investigate the etiology, clinical manifestations, treatment methods, and prognosis of urethral diverticulum cancer to enhance understanding of this disease. Methods This paper reports a case of urethral diverticulum cancer with “hematuria and dysuria” as the main clinical manifestations. The case is discussed in conjunction with rele...
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BACKGROUND Jejunal diverticula (JD) are rare clinical conditions that are typically incidentally detected and asymptomatic. When acute complications arise, surgical exploration may be necessary for accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment. In this report, we present a case of multiple JD complicated by gastrointestinal bleeding and review the p...
Preprint
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Background: Central airway obstruction patterns on the flow–volume curves of pulmonary function tests are commonly caused by upper respiratory tract disease and intratracheal tumors. Here, we describe a rare case in which the central airway obstruction patterns on the flow–volume curves were attributed to the slow progression of tracheal lumen narr...
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A 2-month-old Shiba Inu was presented to an emergency veterinary clinic with decreased activity and was diagnosed with pulmonary hypertension secondary to a ventricular septal defect. The dog was referred to the TUAT Veterinary Medical Center for further evaluation. During treatment, a diverticulum was incidentally identified at the apex of the lef...
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Despite extensive research and publications on diverticular disease of the colon (DDC), the diagnostic algorithm and treatment strategy remain subjects of ongoing debate. The incidence of DDC is steadily increasing. The age distribution of patients diagnosed with complicated and uncomplicated DDC is as follows: under 30 years – less than 1%, under...
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Background Urethral diverticulum is a sac-like dilation that extends from the urethral lumen and is connected to it. It can either be congenital or acquired, with the latter being more common. The development of calculi is rare in such patients. Management is tailored based on the patient’s symptoms and findings from investigations. Case presentat...
Preprint
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Background: Colonic diverticulitis is correlated with age, body mass index (BMI), and increased visceral or subcutaneous fat. Obesity contributes to diverticulosis, diverticulitis and its complications onset, as visceral fat activates inflammatory pathways that exacerbate these conditions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of vi...
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Introduction and significance Zenker's diverticulum is a rare condition characterized by a false diverticulum, as a true diverticulum involves herniation of all wall layers outward. Dysphagia, difficulty in swallowing, is the most common symptom. Diagnosis is primarily made through X-ray studies using contrast material during swallowing. Treatment...
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Gallstone disease affects more than 6 % of the global population. Initially, it often presents asymptomatically, but the risk of complications increases over time. One rare complication of gallstone disease is intestinal obstruction caused by the blockage of the intestinal lumen, also referred to in foreign literature as “gallstone ileus”. Accordin...
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Today, thanks to technological advancements in the field of endoscopy, it is now possible to incorporate new minimally invasive endoscopic treatment methods for various gastrointestinal tract pathologies into the daily practice of endoscopists. Over the last decade, peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) has become a widely used modern treatment for eso...
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Background and study aims Direct or indirect clipping and endoscopic band ligation (EBL) are widely used for hemostasis in patients with colonic diverticular bleeding (CDB). However, no treatment selection strategy has been established. This report describes our approach and its outcomes. Patients and methods We select direct clipping if the bleed...
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Objectives To explore the experience of tumor control technique in robot-assisted laparoscopic bladder diverticulectomy (RALBD) in the treatment of bladder diverticulum tumor, intraoperative tumor control and postoperative comprehensive treatment. Patients and methods We treated three male patients with bladder diverticulum tumors. Case 1 involved...
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Esophageal diverticulum (ED) is a rare condition with a clinical presentation that can be variable. Esophageal diverticulum has been associated with motility disorders; however, the association with mid-ED is less clear. Hypercontractile esophagus, also known as jackhammer esophagus, is a rare motility disorder of peristalsis diagnosed by esophagea...
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Background The genus Raveniola Zonstein, 1987 comprises 66 species, distributed across regions from East Asia to the Caucasus, with about 20 species recorded from China. According to Zonstein et al. (2018) and Zonstein (2024), members of Raveniola can be identified by the presence of two to three retroventral megaspines arranged sequentially on tib...
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Children post‐tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) repair may present with chronic respiratory and gastrointestinal symptoms that can affect quality of life. Objective To identify factors associated with positive findings on triple endoscopy following neonatal TEF repair. Study Design Case series with retrospective review of patients. Setting Tertiar...
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Introduction: Recently, a three-step endoscopic scale, known as the Diverticular Inflammation and Complication Assessment (DICA), was introduced to predict the course of diverticular disease (DD), yielding some promising outcomes. However, analyses were performed only for symptomatic individuals. Objectives: The aim of our study was to prospecti...
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Background There is still controversy about the best minimally invasive surgical method for the treatment of calyceal diverticulum calculi. We conducted meta-analysis to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of PCNL and FURL in the treatment of calyceal diverticulum calculi. Methods We searched Pubmed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Embase, Cli...
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Esophageal perforation is a rare but serious complication that can occur post-cervical spine surgery. This case report presents the clinical course, diagnostic challenges and management strategies of a patient who had a late-diagnosis esophageal perforation after anterior cervical spine surgery (ACSS). A woman in her 50s underwent ACSS for cervical...
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Background The optimal treatment of complicated type B aortic dissection (cTBAD) involving arch anomalies remain unclear. Methods We consecutively enrolled patients with cTBAD involving arch anomalies who underwent endovascular repair using a single-branched stent graft (SBSG) at our medical center between January 2020 and January 2023. The demogr...
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Jejunal diverticulitis is a rare pathology identified either incidentally on imaging or intra-operatively. a delayed diagnosis can lead to significant morbidity and mortality. We report a case of a 58 -year old with history generalized abdominal pain. Computer tomography scan revealed a perforated jejunal diverticulum. The patient underwent small b...
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Purpose The sigmoid sinus (SS) is a major surgical landmark. The paramastoid process (PMP) occurs rarely. Inferior diverticula of the SS were not found or reported previously. We aimed to determine the incidence and detailed anatomy of such morphology of the SS. Methods Archived angioCT files of 25 males and 25 females were used. The morphology of...
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Background The appendix, a true diverticulum arising from the posteromedial cecal border. The base of the appendix can be reliably located at the tip of the cecum. The length of the appendix varies and it can be placed in different positions. Anatomical variations in the location of appendix can prove challenging for surgeons. Aim: To study the ana...
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Background Spinal arachnoid diverticulum (SAD) is considered a rare disease in cats. Previous reports mainly classified SAD in cats as acquired. Hypothesis/Objectives The aim of this study was to describe the signalment, clinical presentation, diagnostic imaging findings, and outcome in a group of cats with SAD. Animals Twenty‐one client‐owned ca...
Preprint
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Objective To investigate the safety and efficacy of laparoscopic partial cystectomy in the treatment of bladder diverticulum cancer. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 12 patients with bladder diverticulum cancer treated at the First Affiliated Hospital of Quanzhou, Fujian Medical University, from January 2016 to...
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Left ventricular diverticulum is a rare abnormality for which diagnosis is often delayed due to its asymptomatic character. Multimodal imaging can help in diagnosis of this potentially confusing condition. We present a 48-year-old female patient with a medical history of a paradoxical thromboembolic events who benefited from the closure of a patent...
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Background: Congenital aortic arch anomalies encompass various malformations, which can range from asymptomatic to presenting with severe respiratory or gastrointestinal issues. These anomalies may occur alone or alongside other congenital heart defects. Imaging is crucial for identifying these conditions and guiding accurate preoperative decisions...
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The paper presents the analysis of morphological and genetic variations of two species, Metaphire bahli (Gates, 1945) and Metaphire peguana (Rosa, 1900), from Vietnam. As a result, M. bahli has two morphological forms based on the shape of the male region and state of genital markings while M. peguana has two subspecies, M. peguana peguana, and M....
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BACKGROUND Ventricular diverticula are a rare congenital cardiac disorder presenting with an extremely low incidence. The presence of an apical diverticulum of the right ventricle has been associated with other congenital heart diseases such as tetralogy of Fallot. An important defining characteristic of ventricular diverticula that separates them...
Preprint
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Background This study aimed to assess the incidence of periampullary diverticulum (PAD) among endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) patients in Southwestern Turkey and investigate the association between the new PAD classification, post-ERCP hyperamylasemia, and post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP). Materials and Methods We retrospectively...
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Umbilical lesions in children represent a wide spectrum of congenital or acquired anomalies. Congenital anomalies are mainly because of failed obliteration of the omphalomesenteric duct while acquired pathologies are either because of delayed umbilical cord separation causing umbilical granuloma or result from umbilical stump infection producing om...
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Patient: Female, 42-year-old Final Diagnosis: Cervical endometriosis Symptoms: Recurrent vaginal bloody discharge Clinical Procedure: — Specialty: Obstetrics and Gynecology Objective Rare disease Background Endometriosis is a condition in which uterine lining tissue grows outside the uterine cavity, commonly on the ovaries and pelvic peritoneum,...
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Purpose of Review Endoscopic papillary large balloon dilation (EPLBD) has been proved to have better efficacy and safety in removing common bile duct stones. Conventional endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST) is usually performed before EPLBD. However, EPLBD without EST has recently reported short-term outcomes similar to those of EPLBD with EST. This ar...
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Background Endoscopic biliary drainage is the mainstay of treatment for acute cholangitis. CBD stone removal can be performed in same session with biliary drainage. Our team incorporated the use of endoscopic large balloon sphincteroplasty as an alternative for conventional papillotomy for biliary access. This study aims to identify tips and pitfal...
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Meckel's diverticulum is the most common gastrointestinal tract anomaly. It arises from the incomplete closure of the omphalomesenteric conduit, which is a true diverticulum at the antimesenteric border of the ileum. Although the majority of patients are asymptomatic, they can present with inflammation, hemorrhage, intussusception, intestinal obstr...
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We report the case of a 77-year-old woman with jaundice but no evidence of choledocholithiasis or other alterations of the biliary tree except for a duodenal diverticulum. Lemmel’s syndrome was diagnosed and an endoscopic sphincterotomy with stenting was performed. Lemmel’s syndrome is a rare disease that must be considered as a cause of obstructiv...
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Small‐bowel diverticulosis is relatively common, but there is no set treatment strategy for duodenal diverticulitis with stone impaction. A woman aged in her 70s presented with a chief complaint of abdominal pain, and she had been reconstructed by the Roux‐en‐Y method after total gastrectomy. We performed an enhanced computed tomography which revea...
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Background Endoscopic treatments of symptomatic Zenker’s diverticulum (ZD) include flexible endoscopic septotomy (FES) and, more recently, peroral endoscopic myotomy (Z-POEM). Data comparing these techniques are limited. We conducted a meta-analysis evaluating FES vs. Z-POEM for symptomatic ZD. Methods Multiple databases were searched from incepti...
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A Zenker's diverticulum (ZD) is an acquired hernia of the mucosa and submucosa at the pharyngoesophageal junction dorsally through Killian's triangle, considered a zone of weakness. The authors report their experience in the management of a case of a ZD with oral externalization following coughing. Surgery made by a multidisciplinary team consisted...
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Objective This study aims to summarize the clinical characteristics, diagnostic methods, and treatment experience of cecal diverticulitis in children. Method The clinical data of six pediatric patients with cecal diverticulitis, treated at Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University from November 2021 to May 2023, were retrospectively an...
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Background Data on the potential association between diverticulosis and colonic neoplastic lesions are still controversial. We investigated this issue in subjects who underwent screening colonoscopy. Methods We reviewed the data of subjects with a positive fecal immunological test who underwent a first colonoscopy in the national colorectal screen...
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Background/aims: We aimed to contribute to the literature by sharing the findings of patients treated by cricopharyngeal myotomy with a flexible endoscopic septal division. Methods: This retrospective study included patients with Zenker's diverticulum who underwent cricopharyngeal myotomy with a traditional flexible endoscopic septal division at...
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Non-Meckel small bowel diverticula, particularly ileal diverticula, are rare, especially when incarcerated within an inguinal hernia sac. This case involves an 80-year-old man who presented with a newly noticed tender, irreducible lump in his left groin, accompanied by symptoms of bowel obstruction such as inability to pass flatus and vomiting. His...
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Congenital anomalies of lower urinary tract are most common anomalies found in children, but congenital anterior urethral diverticulum is a very rare cause. Here we present 11 month old male child presented with soft cystic swelling in the ventral side of the penile shaft and underwent open diverticulectomy.
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Interdiverticular bladder tumors (IDBT) are rare. They make up 1% of all malignancies of the urinary bladder [1]. A precise diagnosis and subsequent staging are essential, with imaging playing a critical role [2]. The urinary bladder mucosa protrudes between muscle bundles in response to elevated intravesical pressure, forming a mucosal extravasati...
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Introduction: Urolithiasis primarily affects the kidneys, ureters, or bladder, but urethral stones are rare, making up less than 1% of all urinary tract stones. Their prevalence is 0.3% to 2%, with a higher incidence in men due to the longer male urethra. Symptoms range from asymptomatic to severe pain, dysuria, and urinary retention, often complic...
Article
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Congenital Anterior Urethral Diverticulum (CAUD) and Anterior Urethral Valve (AUV) are rare but well-described causes of urinary obstruction in male children. The clinical presentation can range from isolated poor urinary stream with normal bladder and upper tracts to severe obstructive uropathy with renal failure. In the present case series, six c...
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In children, 90% cases of intussusception are idiopathic and the remaining 10% are attributed to underlying diseases (most commonly due to Meckel's diverticulum, polyps then either duplication cyst or mesentery cysts, and rarely due to Burkitt's lymphoma). The occurrence of acute intestinal intussusception caused by Burkitt's lymphoma in children u...
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Autophagy is a highly conserved metabolic process that regulates cellular homeostasis and energy supply by degrading dysfunctional and excess cell constituents and reserve materials into products that are reused in metabolic and biosynthetic pathways. Macroautophagy is the best studied form of autophagy in invertebrates. Starvation is a common stre...
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Gastric outlet obstruction (GOO) is a clinical syndrome characterized by hindrance in the passage of gastric contents into the duodenum, with various etiologies including bezoars. Phytobezoars, composed of undigested food fibers, represent a rare but significant cause of GOO. Herein, we present a case of a 34-year-old female with recurrent vomiting...
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Renal calyceal diverticula are rarely diagnosed in children. Calculus formation within the diverticulum is a significant complication and its management in children remains controversial. We report our experience with 1 case, managed with minimally invasive surgery. We report one pediatric case who presented with flank pain. Physical examination, b...
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Abstract Background: An intraluminal duodenal diverticulum (IDD) is an infrequent abnormality consisting of a sac-like projection within the duodenum secondary to a congenital web of the membrane in the second portion of the duodenum near the papilla of Vater, due to incomplete lumen recanalization of the embryological foregut, with a typical imagi...
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Background A previously published study at Norrland University Hospital, Umeå, Sweden, found that in 29.5% of patients with urinary bladder cancer (UBC) who underwent cystectomy, incorrect cT-stage (clinical T-stage) was registered in the Swedish National Register of Urinary Bladder Cancer (SNRUBC). Tumor in bladder diverticulum (TIBD) and tumor-as...
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Meckels diverticulum is the partial persistence of the omphalomesenteric duct during the seventh week of gestation [1]. It is the most common congenital anomaly of the gastrointestinal tract with a slight male predominance [1]. It is rare and is encountered in 2 to 4% of the population [2]. Meckels diverticulum is usually, but it can be revealed by...