Disease Diagnosis - Science topic

Heat treatment of swab samples for 5 min at 95°C before RT-LAMP (hot swab–to–RT-LAMP assay) shows good results.

Check for the work of Lawshe 1975

Ihope this link will help

Dear Shaker El-Sappagh ,

Special Issue "Advances in Deep Learning Ⅱ"

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Computing and Artificial Intelligence".

Regards,

Shafagat

Very interesting information

Assist - definitely yes.

Replace - not yet.

Dear sir, diseases such as Periodontitis, surely have negative effect on the occlusal pressure and will show statistically significant difference in Tek-scan reading in normal patient and patient with periodontitis. However, diagnosing periodontitis only on the basis of occlusal analysis wont be possible. Since, periodontitis is an inflammatory disease and its diagnosis is based on clinical findings such as changes in color, consistency of gingiva, pocket formation and more specifically clinical attachment loss. Depending on the severity of periodontitis, there could be varying degree of underlying bone loss that would affect the tooth's capacity to bear occlusal forces.

Hence, you can compare cases of severe full mouth periodontitis, with bone loss in multipe teeth with those with mild to moderate periodontitis and also keep healthy periodontium as control group to prove that with increasing in severity of periodontitis, the occlusal load bearing capacity is affected.

I hope i was albe to clear you query, let me know if you want to ask something more. We have done a similar study in our department and have published an e-book on the same. Following is the link for same.

It's very important question

Have you considered using electronic-nose devices (e-nose instruments) for detecting complex gaseous mixtures of disease (or other surface) biomarker metabolites from headspace volatiles (VOCs) derived from epithelial cells? Headspace volatiles also may be captured into solvents for chemical analyses via GC-MS, NMR and HPLC depending on their molecular weights. I and others have published numerous papers on this approach if you are interested.

Check out this article:

Real-Time Signal Quality-Aware ECG Telemetry System for IoT-Based Health Care Monitoring

Hello Sarmad

On this site you can find directly some databases like the ones you want. But, they are very small datasets: http://www.odontosearch.com/datasets.html

I suggest you take a look to the databases that you can find on GitHub. There you will find databases of images related to different diseases. It is possible that you can find the ones you are looking for.

https://github.com/sfikas/medical-imaging-datasets

Sincerely

You would need to know whether virus has tissue specific localization as well as whether virus are uniformly distributed among these tissues. If the virus is present in less count in other tissue it may not give you positive amplicons.

Thank you Sir

This is a great question. Even pneumonia (PNA) is hard to agree on as a diagnosis now that we can CT the chest so easily and with so little radiation. I think PNA should be looked upon a little like the adage we give our children about words like "stupid" or "ugly". They are each as they do; that is to say "ugly is as ugly does" or "stupid is as stupid does". PNA is as an infection does, not just as an infiltrate exits or as sputum  becomes purulent. The infiltrate may actually be endobronchial secretions on CT and the purulence may be bronchitis rather than PNA. Aspiration PNA is in my practice a pairing of known aspiration tendency and USUALLY a micro bacterial sample that has more than one oral organism at a higher colony count than background. The problem is that chronic aspiration PNA typically starts selecting organisms that are more apt to prevail against others such as staph and particularly MRSA that often is sensitive to bactrim or ciprofloxicin. Also, acute on chronic infections add to the complexity of this care. And lastly, chronic aspiration, if it survived long enough, stops being an infectious process and becomes one that is a source of inanition and cachexia. The host relegates more and more of their nutrition to fighting the chronic airway soilage that they lose reserve and eventually succumb to an infection sometimes years later that results in sepsis and death. This is more common in the post radiation dysfunction of the laryngopharynx rather than in post CVA aspiration, though I have seen this in both. 

Dear Mohan, Nico and Marianne,

Thank you for revisiting these important issues!

I say this because the overlapping fields of psychosomatic medicine, behavioral medicine, health psychology and psychiatric epidemiology have evolved so much since I began my work many years ago. Engel was a pioneer who influenced all of these research areas. Indeed, Marianne's comments are very spot on.

Albee is another pioneer whom you may want to research. I like his work because he originally developed a model that I have found useful in my work on stress in medical students, spouse caregivers of persons with either Alzheimer's disease or schizophrenia, disasters, etc.

Albee formed a simple model that characterizes

Distress as a response to not only stressors, but also a person's unique vulnerabilities and resources.

Distress = (Exposure to Stress + Vulnerability)/Resources

I have found it useful, statistically, to multiply Exposure by Vulnerability because, the product makes it easier to use statistically than the addition.

I am not saying that this is a perfect model, but that it provides a theoretical framework for research in terms of identifying groups at high risk for deleterious responses to varying types of stressors. I do believe, as did Albee, that vulnerabilities are more hard wired (race, gender, developmental illnesses, personality, early trauma) than are resources, which are more flexible (coping, social supports, income).

My experience has been that Health Psychology embraces the other disciplines mentioned above and that it has focused on empirical analyses of theoretical models. Having gone to numerous conferences on psychosom medicine, behavioral medicine, health and physio psychology, I can tell you that it is difficult to talk about health psych in isolation without referencing its cousins. .

Prof Beals as suggested above is an excelent expert opinion in the field. However if all you want is testing, as a reference, clinically available genetic tests can be searched on Orphanet (www.orpha.net).

It is important to know that data has to be authentic and in a field a like medical science, a slight error may deter you from actual results. It is a better idea to cross-verify the content as a resulting action can do much more!

Sleep apnea and carpal tunnel syndrome are early symptoms of Acromegaly.  The sleep study laboratory screen with IgF 1 levels and has caught occult Acromegaly.  As far as physical findings some individuals just have coarse features, however the one thing I find very helpful is to shake their hand, the dough texture of their hands are unforgettable.

Suggest that you please refer to the following article which may be of some help.

Khanna, AK et al, AgNOR Count and Subjective AgNOR Pattern Assessment (SAPA)

Score in Carcinoma of the Pancreatic Head Including Periampullary Tumors, 

JOP. J Pancreas (Online) 2005; 6(6):575-580.

Link: http://www.joplink.net

ok i can understand your curiosity.

Thanks Werner Solbach. I got the sample where MTB is suspected but other test reports are not avaiable. Realt time PCR came negative but PAMP (test done at other facility) came positive. So i am dillema whether there is some problem with sampling, testing procedure or something else. Is it possible that latent MTB with no active MTB bacteria may give negative PCR but positive PAMP test????

Thank you Ali Abdil for your suggestion and sharing the articles. I read the articles but my answer could not be found from them.

You should check receptor biology first.

A big change is that there is a depressive disorders chapter. The mood disorders chapter was split with bipolar disorders going to a separate chapter. For MDE itself, the removal of the bereavement exclusion is the biggest change. The actual syndromal definition (5 of 9 A Criteria, at least one of which must be depressed mood or loss of interest) has not changed at all. The bereavement exclusion's removal attracted a lot of discussion, but in my opinion is not a major change in practice or research. Another change is that dysthymic disorder is gone and is now combined with chronic major depression (>2 years) in a new category called Persistent Depressive Disorder.

I hope your going to divide disease free survival time then using median is correct

Dear Baraka Maiseli,

Your proposal it is very interesting, I have a team (3 researchers) with strong experience in microscopic diagnosis of malaria and count of infected RBCs (principally malaria falciparum and vivax). Thus, we were the authors of the Manual of Malaria Diagnosis and Treatment in Bolivia, that include modifications in the antimalarial drugs policies and normalization of malaria diagnosis procedures as (past) head of the National Reference Laboratory in Malaria. We have experience in “in vivo” surveillance of the antimalarial-resistance, malaria surveillance and other similar topics including molecular markers related to antimalarial-resistance. In this way, probably we have the characteristics to satisfy your specific requirements.

We need more information related possibilities to work in collaboration with you and other researchers. Preliminary, I confirm that we are very interested in your innovative proposal.

Sincerely,

Eddy Martinez

DIRECTOR

INSTITUTO DE INVESTIGACION EN SALUD Y DESARROLLO

FACULTAD DE MEDICINA

UNIVERSIDAD MAYOR DE SAN ANDRES

LA PAZ, BOLIVIA

PAST-COORDINATOR OF AMAZON MALARIA INITIATIVE /AMAZON NETWORK FOR SURVEILLANCE OF ANTIMALARIAL-DRUGS RESISTANCE (AMI/RAVREDA)

The current legal status of these issues at the European Patent Office is as follows.

According to Art. 53(b) of the European Patent Convention, plant or animal varieties or essentially biological processes for the production of plants or animals are excluded from patentability. In the past, there has been questions on what exactly is means by "essentially biological processes". This resulted in two referrals to the Enlarged Board of Appeal of the European Patent Office (G 2/07 and G 1/08) which then made the following statements.

Following this case law, one cannot patent plants that are produced by conventoinal breeders' breeding processes. However, one can protect such plants using the breeder's right.

Unfortunately, this is not the end of my answer, since meanwhile new questions have been referred to the Enlarged Board of Appeal in G 2/12 and G 2/13. These questions are the following.

G 2/12:

G 2/13:

Hence, your question can currently not be answered completely. We will have to wait and see as to what the Enlarged Board of Appeal will decide in these matters.

The answer to this question is simpler. For patentability, methods of diagnosis are similar regardless the technical field. Hence, it does not matter whether the method of diagnosis is in the medical field or not. Even if it is in the medical field, the diagnosis does not necessarily have to deal with a disease condition, as long as something is diagnosed. Also, a cure does not have to be available. For example, a method for diagnosing whether a certain individual suffers from ebola may be patentable, even though currently no cure exists.

There is case law on methods of diagnosis however, since Art. 53(c) EPC states that methods for treatment of the human body by surgery or therapy and diagnostic methods practised on the human body or animal body are excluded from patentability. With respect to diagnostic methods under Art. 53(c) EPC the Enlarged Board of Appeal listed the following requirements in G 1/04.

I hope this information is helpful to you.

Hi

I think Matlab, too

In addition to the above answer of lab artifact or error, a sudden decrease may be due to a reaction in the blood which precipitates the LDLc with WBC’s and therefore, it would still be artificially low due to bound LDLc in vivo.  

hi Ferdinand

thank u for suggest !

If you're using a test that has a sensitivity of for instance 90% and specificity of 80% to test for the presence of disease X in a population of 1000 individuals. Let's say 240 individuals have a positive test and 760 individuals have a negative test result, the true prevalence of disease X in this population is given by: (apparent prevalence plus the test specificity minus 1) divided by (the test sensitivity plus test specificity minus 1). In the example above, this works out to be (0.24 + 0.8 - 1) / (0.9 +0.8 -1) = 0.04 / 0.7 = 0.057. Therefore, given a test sensitivity of 90% and a test specificity of 80%, the true prevalence of disease X in this population is 0.057 (5.7%) i.e. 57 individuals are truly diseased but since our test only has a sensitivity of 90% this means that only 90% of the 57 will be correctly diagnosed as being positive (51) while 188 will be false positives. Similarly, 80% of the disease negatives will test negative (754) while 6 individuals are false negatives.

Hope this is helpful

Hi there

In fact, there is no state-of-art diagnostic method available for diagnosis of fasciolosis. Serology help to some extent but its main limitation is that antibody will stay in the serum for rather long time after recovery. Microscopy is good but when the worm is too young or too old, egg cannot be seen in the stool. Furthermore, the eggs in adult worm are passed intermittently and may not be diagnosed on routine fecal examination. There are also coproantigen detection assay and also PCR. Both are relatively reliable approaches for diagnosis of fasciolosis.