Disasters - Science topic

Dear Colleagues: Risk analysis is a sustainable process whereby the possible effects of ground-based hazards are considered and a decision is made on actions that must be taken to prevent them from becoming disasters. It is possible to reduce the effects of ground-based hazards such as earthquakes, floods, mass movements (landslides, rockfalls, mud...

Animal husbandry is one of the most important economic activities that humanity has been carrying out since its existence in order to meet the need for animal protein, which has an important place in nutrition. In Turkey, on February 6, 2023, two destructive earthquakes with a magnitude of Mw=7.7 and Mw=7.6 occurred in the Pazarcık and Elbistan dis...

It is evident that renewable energy sources (RES), will soon be considered as primary energy source in electrical networks. However, the increased penetration of RES along with the variable charging profile of electric vehicles in the distribution grid will pose serious technical challenges such as network instability, protection malfunctioning, ag...

Historical buildings, which are at the center of social memory, are important components of the built environment and urban life. Due to the change in living conditions over time, historical buildings lose their function and integrity is deteriorated, and they face the danger of extinction by taking structural damage. Since these structures bear th...

Up to now, although great effort has been dedicated to interpreting the failure mechanism of engineering disasters induced by complex circumstances, it is still difficult to accurately characterize, evaluate, and control these disasters in deep mines. Therefore, the investigation and better understanding of hazard challenges and control strategies of...

Dear Colleagues, The development and utilization of urban underground space is an important way to develop underground infrastructure and improve urban space capacity and quality, which is also an inevitable requirement for the safety and sustainable development of cities. However, the construction and operation of urban underground space structur...

On August 15, 1984 at Lake Monoun and on August 21, 1986 at Lake Nyos, 37 and 1,746 people, respectively, died from gas fumes. Lakes Monoun and Nyos are peculiar aquatic ecosystems located on the Cameroon Volcanic Line, a strategic site, which continue to draw the attention of scientists, stakeholders, policy makers, public authorities as well as l...

Our world is changing faster than ever before, becoming ever more complex in the process. Among the geopolitical and macroeconomic issues currently facing mankind, with serious ramifications for the future, are digitalization and the socio-technical system, climate change, and globalization. Political upheaval, military conflict, natural disasters,...

Security and safety of homes remain critical issues in all countries. The majority of individuals have to deal with significant issues like fire and theft at some point in their lives, particularly in families that spend the majority of their time and engage in most of their activities outside the house. There is a pressing need to use cutting-edge...

With the increasing attention to residential and industrial electricity reliability, resilience recovery of smart grids under extreme events, such as intentional attacks and natural calamities, has been considered a crucial technology. Power system, integrated with renewable energy, built complex and multielement energy structures to realize low ca...

As dynamic, non-routine disaster events appear and disappear in a short period, quickly and widely disseminating emergency warnings and alerts to the public is a critical communication goal for emergency management officers and citizen journalists. Twitter has become a prominent communication medium to achieve such a communication goal, attracting...

In 2019, the Brumadinho dam rupture released a massive amount of iron ore mining tailings into the Paraopeba River. Up to now, it remains a public health issue for the local and downstream populations. The present study aims to assess the behavior and fate of metal contamination following the disaster. Using new sampling strategies and up-to-date g...

Social Media today has become the most relevant and affordable platform to express one's views in real-time. The #Endsars protest in Nigeria and the COVID-19 pandemic have proven how important and reliant both government agencies and individuals are on social media. This research uses tweets collected from Twitter API to identify and classify trans...

Climate change and uneven urbanization processes have intensified the occurrence and magnitude of disasters. The purpose of this article is to discuss the integration between the National Policy for Protection and Civil Defense and the empowerment of women and communities in Brazil, revealing the innovative potential of gender-sensitive disaster ma...

Schools and community halls are frequently chosen as disaster evacuation centres during difficult flood incidences. However, the buildings' existing designs and facilities are designed for their respective uses and are inefficient for disaster relief. Thus, the buildings' suitability as disaster evacuation centres is in doubt. It is therefore recom...

The year 2022 witnessed stronger indicators of tourism recovery as international tourist arrivals set to return to pre-pandemic levels around the world, more particularly in Europe and the Middle East. It also holds true with the inbound tourist arrivals in Nepal as the official data show. As the tourism is set to make gradual recovery, the need fo...

This paper analyzes the collective memories and social changes in communities that have been living around Limboto Lake. This lake, which has been praised by the ancestors of the people of Gorontalo, has turned into a catastrophic lake. This change is intimately related to changes in ways of thinking and the social conditions of the communities aro...

With the evolution of technology, many modern applications like habitat monitoring, environmental monitoring, disaster prediction and management, and telehealth care have been proposed on wireless sensor networks (WSNs) with Internet of Things (IoT) integration. However, the performance of these networks is restricted because of the various constra...

Gathering and public spaces, along with infrastructure and houses, are demolished because of disasters, which weakens the community ties. Different approaches, such as government-led and community-driven, to recovery initiate the recovery of gatherings and public spaces, and the long-term impact of each recovery approach on community recovery may n...

Retail supply chains are key on any market. Their significance has long been recognized in the literature and in practice. Various factors such as pandemics, economic crises, wars, and natural disasters have further increased interest in this area. However, the most recent research has focused more on resilience, sustainability, energy consumption,...

Management of humanitarian logistics operations is one of the most critical planning problems to be addressed immediately after a disaster. The response phase covers the first 12 hours after the disaster and is prone to uncertainties because of debris and gridlock traffic influencing the dispatching operations of relief logistics teams in the areas...

India is one of the hotspot for lightning activities, experiencing a large number of deaths every year; more than any other natural disaster. Vulnerability to lightning is not the same for all states; some states like Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh and Odisha are more vulnerable compared to others. Also, deaths are observed more among m...

COVID-19 is an unprecedented disaster in the overall history of India. It has not only badly damaged the employment and livelihood structure of overall India but deeply disturbed the social structure altogether also that can be evidenced by ever growing economic and social disparity across the different sections of the society. Coronavirus came int...

This book provides focus on integrated disaster risk reduction arising out of climate change and show how communities build resilience through adaptive and transformative strategies at local and global level. It will integrate disaster risk, uncertainty, and maladaptation to climate change with evidence from empirical research and systematic review...

OSMANLI SON DÖNEMİNDE BAFRA ÖZELİNDE ÇEKİRGE İSTİLASI VE ALINAN TEDBİRLER İnsanoğlu tarih boyunca birçok doğal afet ile karşı karşıya kalmıştır. Bu afetler beraberinde çok sayıda can ve mal kaybı meydana getirmiştir. Doğal afetler yanında biyolojik kökenli bazı doğa olayları da insanların hayatını olumsuz bir şekilde etkilemiştir. Bu tür olaylar,...

Outside influence could increase the frequency of civil unrest after natural disasters. Historically, very few such events have precipitated widespread civil unrest, but concern about the threat has tended to linger anyway, due to an intuitive connection that has lacked evidence. Protests in the Gagauzia region of Moldova resulting from a severe dr...

This paper conceptualizes 'presence' to analyse the volumetric growth of Chinese investment and development in Nepal from 2014 to 2021 in material, territorial and discursive terms. From physical experiences with earthquake disaster to the symbolic potency of Chinese infrastructure, this paper offers presence as a heuristic to evaluate China's risi...

Extreme precipitation is among the most destructive natural disasters. Simulating changes in regional extreme precipitation remains challenging, partially limited by climate models’ horizontal resolution. Here, we use an ensemble of high-resolution global climate model simulations to study September–November extreme precipitation over the Northeast...

This article assesses how adaptation governance within the eThekwini (Durban) metropolitan municipality, KwaZulu-Natal Province of South Africa, addresses the vulnerability and adaptation of black African women to flood impacts within the municipality. The article argues that there is an intersectional lens through which black local women's experie...

Objective: Cyberattacks on healthcare systems are increasing in frequency and severity. Hospitals need to integrate cybersecurity preparedness into their emergency operations planning and response to mitigate adverse outcomes during increasingly likely cyber events. No data currently exist regarding the level of preparedness of United States hospi...

Aim: The aim of this work is to synthesize and interpret qualitative research examining the experiences of nurses providing care for patients with COVID-19 in acute care settings in the early stages of the pandemic in different countries. Background: The prevalence of disasters, including the pandemic, is increasing globally. It is important to...

In the next decade of disease surveillance research, innovative and novel techniques are required to utilise massive quantities of complex and multi-dimensional data, effectively. Public health is one of the most significant domains of public governance and artificial intelligence has emerged as an innovative problem-solving technique in this domai...

A significant amount of research has been conducted regarding the resilience of the regions and the factors that contribute to allow them to face challenges, crises, or disasters. The rise of promising sectors like Machine learning (ML) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) can enhance this research using computing power in regional economic, social, an...

The recent derailment of a freight train in the U.S. state of Ohio unleashed hazardous chemicals - and poisonous divisions in American politics.

A disaster response coordinator is a professional responsible for organizing, coordinating, and managing the response efforts to natural or man-made disasters. This role requires a combination of skills, knowledge, and experience in emergency management, public health, logistics, and communication. The primary responsibility of a disaster response...

Pandemics are now the focus of research attention in the fields of preparedness and crisis management.Since pandemics are some of the largest crises to occur, an important question becomes “what were thefield of crisis management thinking about pandemic management”. This paper investigates how the fieldof crisis management have incorporated the bod...

Due to the recent rapid growth of ocean oil development and transportation, the offshore oil spill risk accident probability has increased unevenly. The marine oil spill poses a great threat to the development of coastal cities. Therefore, effective and reliable technologies must be used to monitor oil spills to minimize disaster losses. Based on Y...

A disaster response coordinator is a professional responsible for organizing, coordinating, and managing the response efforts to natural or man-made disasters. This role requires a combination of skills, knowledge, and experience in emergency management, public health, logistics, and communication. The primary responsibility of a disaster response...

India witnessed many natural disasters during the last three decades. All these disasters demand a shift from post-disaster measures to disaster preparedness, from readiness to mitigation, from individual aid to restoration of community services, and, from relief to rehabilitation. For an intensive field study, four Grama Panchayats (GPs) from two...

The realization of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development requires local governments globally to integrate Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) into their policy and practice. In the case of the Hunter Valley Region of Australia, a key sustainable development issue is climate change-induced flooding. The localization and mainstreaming of SDG 1...

p class="11daftarpustaka" align="center"> Abstrak Indonesia dikelilingi oleh empat lempeng besar dunia yang bergerak secara konvergen sehingga menyebabkan sering mengalami kejadian gempa. Salah satu upaya mengurangi risiko bencana gempa adalah melakukan upaya mitigasi seperti pembuatan peta bahaya gempa. Penyusunan Peta Kategori Desain Seismik (K...

Droughts have emerged as a global problem in contemporary societies. China suffers from different degrees of drought almost every year, with increasing drought severity each year. Droughts in China are seasonal and can severely impact crops. This study used spatiotemporal trend and characteristics analysis of drought disaster data from 1991 to 2018...

The massive emission of CO2 has caused a series of environmental problems, including global warming, which exacerbates natural disasters and human health. Cu-based catalysts have shown great activity in the reduction of CO2, but the mechanism of CO2 activation remains ambiguous. In this work, we performed density functional theory (DFT) calculation...

Introduction Annual natural and man-made disasters in Iran eventually lead to casualties and considerable financial loss. The success of a reconstruction programme depends on accurate postdisaster damage and loss assessment. Based on these assessments, the goals, priorities and approaches required for reconstruction are prepared and formulated. To...

In cellular networks, a set of Base Stations (BSs) might be out of service and failed in the aftermath of natural disasters. One of the promising solutions to fix this situation is to send low altitude drones equipped with a small cellular BS (DBSs) to the target locations. This can provide cellular networks with vital communication links and make...

Disaster’s behaviour recognition has become an area of interest for researchers in the last decades especially with climate changes that have contributed in disaster’s severity which made their prediction more complicated. The aim of this work is to use uncertainty quantification tools to describe the flooding behaviour in Morocco based on deaths n...

Background: After a natural disaster, stressful events often continue to accumulate, affecting individuals in a different manner than the original disaster never occurred. However, few studies have examined these associations, the cumulative impacts of stressful events on mental health outcomes, and the role of social support. This study examined t...

The COVID-19 outbreak in 2020 is a serious public health event in human history. It is a viral pneumonia caused by the novel coronavirus, with strong transmission and high concealment, and has caused a global pandemic. At present, the situation of control of COVID-19 tends to be stable. We can finally relax from the intense battle, reflect on the d...

Buildings and monuments are commonly prioritized in post-disaster reconstruction, but the role of urban spaces is often overlooked. The paper, therefore, seeks to shift the focus from buildings to open spaces by examining how urban spaces interact with the built fabric and cultural practices to help to build resilience. Drawing on interviews with s...

Within a variegated factors behind the current climate change an interesting role is playing planets by 1)influencing solar activity and 2)working trough conjunctions

For a long time the cause of deforestation in Indonesia, especially in Kalimantan island has invited several parties to take part in handling this deforestation cases. One of them is the Unites Nations or UN, it is known that the cause of deforestation in Indonesia is very worrying because it will have an impact on climate change, disaster nature a...

Abstract: Under the synergetic effect of land use and climate change, natural disasters occur frequently in the karst region of southwest China. This study used the daily precipitation data from 33 meteorological stations across 61 years (1960–2020), utilized the MK test and the Z index to calculate the levels of drought and waterlogging (DW) at mu...

Soft robotics technology can aid in achieving United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the Paris Climate Agreement through development of autonomous, environmentally responsible machines powered by renewable energy. By utilizing soft robotics, we can mitigate the detrimental effects of climate change on human society and the natural...

The COVID-19 pandemic remains a global disaster with extraordinary consequences for corporations and their people. The stresses of working from home during a pandemic are heightened for newbies entering new occupations and organizations. To address the issues concerning the rapid adoption of virtual onboarding in employment relations and human reso...

Owing to active orogenic movement and the monsoon climate, rainfall-induced landslide disasters often occur in Taiwan. Hence, hillslope hydrology and stability have received considerable research attention. However, it remains difficult to accurately estimate the duration and consequences of hillslope instability induced by hillslope hydrology. Res...

Collecting and managing taxes is a critical keystone to protecting a country’s financial intensity and developing a country’s tax system, where value-added tax (VAT) has proven to be a nurturing and steady foundation of income for governments. VAT is a primary source of financial gain in developing nations, which differs from economic income in dev...

Beyond questions of fraud and corruption it has stimulated debate as to whether the government overstepped its bounds and infringed on the rights of its citizens. Certainly, the active suppression of alternative perspectives regarding handling of the pandemic raises First Amendment questions. The pandemic response was a watershed moment in American...

Despite mitigation and adaptation efforts, the residual risks of climate change will continue to impact the most vulnerable communities globally. Highly exposed regions, such as the Pacific Islands, will continue to experience profound negative loss and damage as a result of climate change, which will challenge current ways of life. Knowledge on th...

During a disaster the requests for using ambulance services increases. Efficient assignment of the ambulances leads to lowering the patients' travel time. Simulating these environments is very complex and needs a solid framework. This paper uses a Deep Reinforcement Learning approach to better schedule ambulance dispatch problem during those disast...

Taking the Niumian Gully landslide–debris-flow geohazard chain as an example, we analyze the disaster mechanism of the landslide–debris-flow geohazard chain and its evolution process through field investigation as a reference for disaster prevention and risk reduction in areas with strong earthquakes by analyzing the accumulative sliding amount and...

Kerala experiences a high rate of annual rainfall and flooding resulting in a frequent natural disaster. The objective of this study is to develop flood susceptibility maps for the Idukki district making use of Remote Sensing (RS) data, Geographic Information System (GIS), and Machine Learning (ML). In this study, five different ML models (Adaboost...

Child and youth mental disorders are commonly occurring and often seriously impairing in many countries across the globe [49]. In 2020, an estimated 166 million children and youth aged 10–19 years were living with a mental disorder worldwide [74], and this figure rose in the following year. A recent meta-analysis of 29 studies involving 80,879 chil...

SOLAS (Safety of Life at Sea), which was first enacted in 1914 as a result of the Titanic disaster, presents mandatory requirements for ship safety, such as the adoption of watertight bulkheads. However, ship accidents continue to occur despite the development and application of numerous safety technologies. In the case of a marine accident, the ri...

Dust pollution control is the basic guarantee of mine safety production, which has been widely concerned by scholars. Based on a total of 1786 publications collected by the Web of Science Core Collection (WOSCC) from 2001 to 2021, this paper analyzes the spatial–temporal distribution characteristics, hot topics, and frontier trends of the internati...

Rapid advances in artificial intelligence (AI) have the potential to significantly increase the productivity, quality, and profitability in future manufacturing systems. Traditional mass-production will give way to personalized production, with each item made to order, at the low cost and high-quality consumers have come to expect. Manufacturing sy...

Extreme rainfall events cause diverse loss of life and economic losses. These disasters include flooding, landslides, and erosion. For these intense rainfall events, one can statistically estimate the time when a given rainfall volume will occur. Initially, this work estimated rainfall volumes for the mountainous region of Rio de Janeiro, and the f...

With the uncertainty concerning the future use of natural resources due to depletion and lack of access caused by the pandemic and recent political events that led to increased prices, nuclear energy may become an alternative efficient energy. NPPs raise serious concerns, including waste management, and any case of an NPP accident has the potential...

While prior consumer studies have adopted various theoretical perspectives to explain individuals’ reactions to disasters, scant attention has been paid to the role of ontological security in shaping those responses. This study attempts to fill this knowledge gap by qualitatively exploring ontological security in two contexts: man‐made and natural...

Accurate prediction of landslide displacement is an effective way to reduce the risk of landslide disaster. Under the influence of periodic precipitation and reservoir water level, many landslides in the Three Gorges Reservoir area underwent significant displacement deformation, showing a similar step-like deformation curve. Given the nonlinear cha...

An emergency incident will occur in the coming years, somewhere. It will be an earthquake, a landslide, a volcanic eruption, an epidemic of infectious disease, or some other disaster. Positioning an emergency or humanitarian inventory in advance is a response that can greatly mitigate the effects of the expected incident. However, the problem is to...

Background Tsunamis are rare events compared to other disasters but have devastating consequences. In the last 100 years, more than 24 tsunamis and more than 235,000 fatalities have occurred globally. Indonesia has a high risk of a tsunami disaster. Since the devastating 2004 tsunami in the Indian Ocean, much research and preparatory work have been...

Landslides are a common natural disaster in forested mountainous regions [...]

Focused on the borrowings that a writer endeavors to draw from his society, this study is situated within the framework of Congolese literature (DR) where the author, anxious to see his society plunged into disaster, unpacks the vices that constantly gnaw at it, in order to raise awareness among its fellow citizens.

Soil moisture content changes caused by rainfall and other factors can significantly affect slope stability and potentially lead to geological disasters, such as landslides and debris flows. However, conventional finite element methods for strength reduction do not consider the impact of water content on slope stability. This paper examines classic...

The problem of constant monitoring of the qualification indicators of the subjects of the organizational and technical systems of maritime transport (OTSMT) is quite acute due to the possible consequences due to the fault of the human factor. Thus, over the past 5 years, accidents in maritime transport due to the fault of the human factor have caus...