Design Engineering - Science topic

Carry out the tensile test and record percentage elongation (after the yielding up to the fracture)..

The way we create flameless oxyfuel since 20 years currently used in about 500 installations in the steel and aluminium industries, is by separating the oxygen and fuel nozzles in the burner and using the velocity of the oxygen to drag the furnace gases in to the flame. The whole recirculation, if you want to call it so, takes place in the furnace/vessel space. We typically operate close to stoichiometric combustion, like lambda at 1.03 (oxyfuel firing uses less oxygen than air-fuel firing).

Surely by adding Ti alloys

Dear Christopher Gerard Yukna and Pravin Yadav ,

The point is that there is/are fake (hijacked) version(s) of the journal. The real one can be found here: https://www.design-engineering.com/digital-edition/ It is a so-called Trade Journal so only a few of their articles are considered as real (scientific) papers. Do read the following here on RG:

For example, http://www.thedesignengineering.com/index.php/DE is fake. One big red flag is that (high) number of papers published in the fake journal does not match with the number which can be found in the “Scopus content coverage” (https://www.scopus.com/sourceid/28687).

It is a sad example of a hijacked journal and a sad example where Scopus gives a link to the wrong journal. This is unfortunately not the only time that Scopus is having a hard time dealing with the fraudulent version of a legit journal, see for example:

So yes, there is indeed a legit version of this (Trade) journal, but the question relates to a fake (hijacked) version.

Best regards.

This is a good question.

Vipin Shrivastava both are fake. Fake domain.

Hi Dr Anil Singh Yadav . The overall rank of Design Engineering (Toronto) is 32082. According to SCImago Journal Rank (SJR), this trade journal is ranked 0.1. The best quartile for this trade journal is Q4. The ISSN of Design Engineering (Toronto) trade journal is 119342. See the link: https://www.resurchify.com/impact/details/28687

Vinh Phu Nguyen

See this article

Link

Still we are using yield line theory daily indirectly. The bending moment coefficients given in Indian Standards or American Standards are based on Yield line theory. Moreover, we can determine the bending moment coefficients for RC S;labs using yield line theory for different boundary constraints and loading.

It varies from 0.2 to 0.6.

I would recommend checking out this free ebook by Michal Nielson. It is a great guide when getting started with AI:

Cheers, Raoul

Hi

The results can be equated from the standards of each and the minimums set in each experiment

a couple of years ago I have the same problem. i suggest you to insert a certain time delay in your simulation, I think this will solve the problem.

Modern engineering design education today relying primarily on the project-based coursed, performed by the group of students. For a reason. It is almost impossible to imagine a relevant industrial task implemented by one (even skilled) individual. It's simply not a real-life scenario.

Dear All,

In case someone still follow this question, I asked this question long ago and during my PhD studies solved this question.

In order to generate surface acoustic or surface Rayleigh wave with vertical excitation component, following are some tips.

1. Surface waves exist at the surface of a semi-infinite half space, in order to observe such wave propagation, semi-infinite medium is mandatory.

2. If you are in COMSOL, you may use point load/prescribed displacement as an point for harmonic excitation either in frequency domain or time transient studies. Similarly, you can use applied load condition in ANSYS or Abaqus to do so.

3. For surface acoustic wave/Rayleigh wave, excite z-component/out-of-plane component (2D model) and in case of 3d model, induce excitation in x and z direction. For love wave or shear horizontal surface wave, excite the x and y component of load/prescribed displacement.

4. Use PML (perfectly matched layer) or low reflection boundary (LRB) at the both ends and bottom of the infinite half-space. This will avoid the back-reflection of incident waves from boundaries and ensure surface wave propagation at the semi-infinite surface.

Further details can be find in my papers given below. Pls do cite my work if you find them helpful. You can also visit my profile for more updated works in this realm. I am also attaching my YouTube video for better visualization.

Forest trees as naturally available seismic metamaterials: Low frequency Rayleigh wave with extremely wide bandgaps, International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics, 2020, 2043014. https://dx.doi.org/10.1142/S0219455420430142

Cheers!

Regards,

Muhammad

Thank you so much

It is more difficult to predict the differential settlement; thus, it is obtained directly from the total settlement. The differential settlement is automatically controlled if the total settlement is controlled. Observation of existing buildings showed that the differential settlement < 50% total settlement.

The following is the design limits for maximum settlements

Raft on clay: 65 to 100 mm

Raft on sand: 45 to 65 mm

Dear Poyen,

There will be required of a field tanks are made of a galvanized sheet. Water supply and drainage collection, control and measurement works are in a separate access chamber of according to your requirement size 2.4 × 1.9 × 3 m. The lysimeter has two modes of use. In the first mode, irrigation water is supplied to the soil surface. In the other mode, water is supplied to the soil surface. In the other mode, water is supplied from the bottom part at any desired depth. A mariotte principle is used to maintain a constant supply head at this depth. The water supply tank and constant head supply cylinder need refilling every 10 days or so. The performance may be done usually during high rainfall during 23–26 days after emergence, the crop suffered from stunted growth.

Hope it is helpful to you.

Ashish

Did you find the formula for this?

I am working on the same topic and have all the necessary values as stated by joseph.

Dear Yngve Kjell Alvarsson,

Yes. It’s possible. I have seen couple of my Indian contractor friend develop a compact wet concrete with a light Roller.

Using vibratory screeds with a light rollar Smooth consolidate & finish fresh concrete surfaces in one step can be done. Roller screeds and vibrating screeds help concrete contractors achieve a quality slab without the bending. The evolution of a concrete contractor starts with casting aside the hand-held striker, standing up straight and taking hold of a hand-held vibratory screed. Vibratory screeds have a relatively low entry price, allowing contractors to see a quick return on their investments when you consider the physical advantages to workers, the speed in which one machine can perform screeding and vibrating, and the quality of the finished product. A roller screed's lack of vibration makes it ideal for pervious concrete, sloped projects like driveways and sidewalks, and inclines. It's especially productive on projects where you're laying concrete in strips.

Hope it help you out.

Ashish

Artificial Intelligence (AI), operations research (OR) and modelling, supply chain (SC), robotics and renewable energy (RE).

Dear Amadin Igiebor ,

Contact people at Dodge & Data:

https://www.construction.com/

They can deliver you huge dataset of contact information into construction industry to get additional answers.

B.R.,

Ari

Hi, Apart from axial guiding function, there is perpendicular load to resist as well, which is a combination of temperature and pressure.

The U bolt has to be sufficient strength and stiffness.

Dear prof.

I found a design group that have a system-oriented approach, this maybe help:

Design fixation is intrinsic to the designer's personality, capabilities, propensities, etc. and is independent of the immediate and present external world. All tools at some point become limited (and limiting) and they are eventually extended by the demands of those designers who are not anchored by them in their design creativity. In contrast to the "tool extenders" others may be trapped by comfort and success in using a specific tool, and often channel their creative trajectory by what the tool affords them. For example, following Koen Van Turnhout's example, most instructors in product design challenge students to keep sketching with the assumption that sketching is less limiting then CAD, at least in the morphological aspects. It is not always the case, but mostly true, at least with students at earlier stages. Same with Arduino, Fritzing may be more liberating, but then at some point someone will run out of canvas there and will need to extend to another tool (e.g. VHDL equivalent).

The mixture of flue gas generated from the incinerator is of minimum odor generally and doesn't cause much nuisance in terms of smell. Bu the toxicity depends on various factors. The temperature shouldn't go below 900 degrees C. Otherwise it may generate dioxins and furans.

A closed-form expression can potentially give you better understanding of how different design variables affect the performance. Does the performance grow linearly with the SNR, or logarithmically, or neither?

Closed-form expressions are also more useful for performance optimization since one can then easily compute the first and second order derivatives, which are often used in numerical optimization methods.

Zhwan:

The fracture resistance of a material is always best quantified using fracture mechanics methodologies and the plane-strain fracture toughness K_Ic is the most robust of the many fracture mechanics parameters in use. Specifically, it enables as assessment in test specimens and more importantly real structures of the applied stress which could lead to fracture in the presence of defects. It is the closest thing to a "material property" which describes toughness. However, as you know, there are lots of restrictions on its use, as it is based on an assumption of prevailing linear elastic behavior (a condition of small-scale yielding); additionally, one also needs to determine whether conditions meet plane strain or not. When applied to materials with more ductility, which are the materials generally preferred for industrial use, there is the issue of too much local plasticity which can invalidate its relevance. Under these circumstances, one may have to resort to nonlinear-elastic fracture mechanics, e.g., the use of the J-integral to define a J_Ic or J_c fracture toughness, which is considerably more complicated and less fundamentally robust.

The ISO 14627 standard, on the other hand, is focused on the toughness of ceramics and the use of KIFR, I believe, is a measure of the indentation fracture toughness where an indentation is made under load and the size of the cracks emanating from the corners of the indent can give you an estimate of the fracture toughness. However, this method can only be used for brittle materials, such as ceramics (it has absolutely no meaning for ductile materials). It is only an approximate, yet highly useful, estimate of the toughness. For example, it gives you no indication of the crack-resistance (or R-) curve which is a vital measure of toughness in most structural materials. There are other problems too as the analysis of the driving force for cracking is based on the residual tensile stresses remaining on unloading (i.e., after you extract the indenter), yet instrumented studies have shown that in many materials, the cracks form on the loading cycle while the indenter is being penetrated. However, in the same way that a hardness test can give you a quick and easy estimate of the tensile strength of any material, the indentation toughness can similarly give you a quick and relatively easy estimate of the fracture toughness of a brittle (but not ductile) material.

The bottom line though is that if you are designing, or "lifing", a critical structure, there is no substitute for measuring the fracture mechanics-based K_c or J^_c fracture toughness (preferably with the full R-curve, if the material develops one), using the methods described in the ASTM E1820 Standard or equivalent, but being acutely aware of the all-important validity criteria specified in these standards. Most other methods, such as that described in ISO 14627, are approximate - they can give you an estimate of the toughness but you have to decide whether it's safe to use such an approximation if you are attempting to "guarantee" the structural integrity of your structure or component.

ROR

Thanks everyone but my question is more towards what Franco Concli and Jerry Alcone is suggesting.

Hello Azam. I worked for a great part of my carrier at Embraer developing a model for our Product Develoment Process. I started by describing the present model (As Is). Later, the team made a number of improvement proposals from which we suggested (prescribed) a new process. Some details of this project are reported in View of the Practice of Integrated Product Development at Embraer (http://terra2.com/home/publicat/Paper-UNIMEP00.PDF)

Regards, Claudiano

I am sharing one study we did on Delphi, hope this is helpfull

My dear Academic Friends, I'm working on "architectural design" area, I don't know anything about any researching of engineering area.

In Germany we have a standard for safety barriers which is RPS 2009 and can be downloaded from the Federal Highway Research Institute,  a link to an English short-description is attached (www.bast.de....). A more detailled presentation in English is given in www. seetoint....

So 50 nm of itckness of container space seems to be a limit where continum solution still work. . under this range i should apply molecular dynamics simulation. Thaks Henry

I think what you are lookng for is all SOTA in commercial VR Applications like TechVIz (in combination with you CAD), IC:IDO, Visionary Render or a like.

In Comsol it is Possible

Dear Dr...In the method of stitching, it is a normal practice to construct the widening part of the

bridge at first and let it stay undisturbed for several months. After that, concreting will then

be carried out for the stitch between the existing deck and the new deck. In this way, the

dead load of the widened part of bridge is supported by itself and loads arising from the

newly constructed deck will not be transferred to the existing deck which is not designed to

take up these extra loads.

One of the main concerns is the effect of stress induced by shrinkage of newly widened

part of the bridge on the existing bridge. To address this problem, the widened part of the

bridge is constructed a period of time (say 6-9 months) prior to stitching to the existing

bridge so that shrinkage of the new bridge will take place within this period and the effect

of shrinkage stress exerted on the new bridge is minimized.

Traffic vibration on the existing bridge causes adverse effect to the freshly placed stitches.

To solve this problem, rapid hardening cement is used for the stitching concrete so as to

shorten the time of setting of concrete. Moreover, the stitching work is designed to be

carried out at nights of least traffic (Saturday night) and the existing bridge may even be

closed for several hours (e.g. 6 hours) to let the stitching works to left undisturbed.

Sometimes, longitudinal joints are used in connecting new bridge segments to existing

bridges. The main problem associated with this design is the safety concern of vehicles.

The change of frictional coefficients of bridge deck and longitudinal joints when vehicles

change traffic lanes is very dangerous to the vehicles. Moreover, maintenance of

longitudinal joints in bridges is quite difficult.

perhaps here you will find the answer

Dear Monyer

Link is not available can you send me on my email pawanwhig@gmail.com

thanks

Greetings Sir! You could contact Mr.S.Vaidyanathan for modelling in Abaqus. His mail id is vaidyanathancivil@kamarajengg.edu.in

Impossible to go over everything without writing an entire book about it. The first question you need to ask yourself, what is it you are incinerating? An incinerator that disposes of bodies will be entirely different than an incinerator that disposes of expired organophosphates.

The problem in labors allocation can controlled using WITNESS 14, however some coding need to be done for that purpose. For more details, u may refer to the link:

art%3A10.1007%2Fs10951-013-0327-z.pdf

1-s2.0-S0360835210002196-main.pdf

art-3A10.1007-2Fs10845-010-0428-x.pdf

Temperature dependent maximum stress is used to degrade the cohesive zone with temperature. Do you want to model the temperature dependent delamination?

Look ath this doc it may be helpful for your topic. Good luck

The overall heat transfer coefficient of a heat exchanger or an economizer combine the following elements:

1) Heat transfer coefficient on the tube side. For example, if the flue gas passes on the tube side, then it is the heat transfer coefficient of the flue gas.

2) Heat transfer coefficient on the shell-side of the heat exchanger / economizer. If air is passed on the shell side, then it is the air heat transfer coefficient.

3) The thermal conductivity of the tube material.

The economizer is used to pre-heat the ambient air by capturing heat from the flue gas leaving the boiler region. Pre-heating the air required for fuel combustion will improve the thermal efficiency of the boiler.

Hope this helps answer your question.

There are many heat exchanger software that can calculate the required heat transfer area based on the required temperature rise. Such software has electronic libraries of the gases and liquids heat transfer coefficients and thermal conductivity for a variety of materials of construction.

Professor Yehia Khalil

Yale University

USA

Dear Mr. Rodriguez,

            Thank you. I have both top down and bottom up approaches.  I accidentally stumbled on a fascinating new kind of components more than 15 years ago. My self and our engineers created hundreds (or even thousands by now) replaceable components & component hierarchies. First few years I spent as an empiricist.

            Since every one refuse to see the truth (i.e. repeatable experiments - real software components and real CBD) - the demonstrable or repeatable facts, I started working on as rationalism: Trying to provide rational explanation by providing theoretical foundation. This RG account and my web site http://real-software-components.com provides top down approach. Our company web-site http://pioneer-soft.com provides first ever GUI library and technologies that is capable of creating real-software-components that are essential for achieving real CBD (Component Based Design) for software. Any one can freely use the library to create hierarchy of replaceable components.

           The biggest recorded and most widely known mistake committed by main stream philosophers or scientists was: Relying on undocumented and unproven belief (i.e. the Earth is static at the center) by insisting that it is a self-evident fact.

            This error resulted in a complex geocentric paradox and basic sciences ended up in a crisis. Nearly 400 years after exposing the error, the researchers of software committed exactly the similar mistake, which also resulted in many times more complex software engineering paradox and software ended up in a crisis.

         Existing paradox for CBD (Component Based Design) for software products is exhibiting almost similar symptoms as the geocentric paradox.  If it was biggest mistake (when it was exposed 400 years ago), repeating similar mistake in 21st century is much bigger.

           Mr. Rodriguez, I was not trying to propose a hypothesis. I have been trying the find scientific explanation to the things I discovered. I spent many years experimenting to gain deep insights and comprehend to find explanations.

P.S: If you have time review attached PDF. Also Google for "What is Science". One describes science as a tool to gain knowledge. Another two describes science as a body of knowledge for a particular discipline. Both are right depending on the context. Computer science is a body of knowledge for software. Computer science can and must use scientific processes as a tool for gaining necessary knowledge. 

Best Regards,

Raju

Hi Raja,

Following references may be useful for you:

For robotic laproscopic surgery, your tool has to go through a trocar point.  If you use a serial robot, or a parallel Stewart platform this means that you need a relative large workspace outside the patient, and this workspace is a scarse resource.

E.g. the Vesalius surgical robot uses a special type of kinematics to minimize the workspace around the patient.  A parallel robot  typically has a small workspace, so some adaptation of the kinematics is necessary, possibly adding some serial elements to the kinematics.

If it is about actuation of a camera head ( inside the patient), parallel actuation mechanisms can certainly ve used.

Sina. 

You need do this steps

1. You need change the refrigerant R717 to R134a.

2. You sketching the diagram for a refrigeration cycle. Remember the refrigerator is a heat pump.

3. Estimate the Cooling Load you need to remove the heat of the water. 

4. Calculate thought a energy balance the refrigerant mass flow, but first you need determine the high an low pressure of the cycle.

5. Then you can determine the evaporation dimension utilize the LMTD or NTU 

6. On the case of the condenser is the same for the evaporation.

7. The compressor you calculate the power with a energy javascript:balance, and then you selected the better technology for you design. Maybe you can use a reciprocate or another kind compresor. 

For more information of these STEPs, please read Thermodynamics for J.P Holman and Incropera Heat Transfer Textbooks. 

best regard. 

Methodologically, it is also important to consider task dependence and (human) knowledge dependence. This makes a combined application of the two more effective.

Try the K V 8430 push to open drawer slide.

Dear Kacper Pacholsk,

Maybe the instrument right for you is a structured light scanner.

It consist of a projector that project a grid-like pattern onto the sample and of two cameras. This is one of the few solutions that allow you to measure an object in x,y,z at the same time.

It can measure way under the mm with enough interpolation. 

It requires quite some processing power (GPU needed).

I'm assuming you want to measure A LOT of points in space, to have a point cloud. If you only want to track a single object this may not be the best solution.

Zouhir,

Are you asking about reaction motors (like a rocket) or for electrical motors that are fit for powering aerospace mechanisms?

If it's the first type, it would be useful to know the thrust levels and impulse that you are looking for: and whether you demand a solid-state motor (basically a large firework) or need the thrust to be throttled, which requires either an electric or chemical engine.

Simply, more details please.

Hi,

one of the more complete Book on CrashWorthiness is :

Crashworthiness of Transportation Systems: Structural Impact and Occupant

edited by Jorge A.C. Ambrósio,Manuel F.O. etall.

NATO ASI Serie , 1996.

and also : 

VEHICLE CRASHWORTHINESS AND OCCUPANT PROTECTION

by

Paul Du Bois, Clifford C. Chou etall.

This book ie available at the following adress :

bBest regards

P. Galon

Because everyone believes that without these methods, you can still design well. There is no comparison between design following a design method and not following. (How can we vigorously compare?)

Yes it is quite possible but it costs. To have high efficiency like 97% have to have low current density in windings of the machine. Instead of  normal current density for example being 6A/mm2 You would make windings with larger cross-section and limit current density to 3-4A/mm2 and it costs space the Cu material. The losses in windings will drop with the square of ratio that You diminish the current density. You have also to pay attention  to ferromagnetic material losses in rotor which means good steel with small specific losses and thin steel sheets.

  Piotr Wach, Opole, Poland

It is solved. Thanks a lot. :) 

Li-Br solution can be effectively used as coolant in IC engines. Literature is available.

Ref:docs.lib.purdue.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1601&context=iracc

The thickness of the tank wil keep on increasing based on the pressure difference between the outside and inside of the tank. If the height is also large and is to be filled with liquid, the pressure difference will be quite a lot, assuming it is open tank and outside as well as inside is at atmospheric pressure.

Indeed, these two quantities are independent. PEEQ stands for the equivalent plastic strain, while thinning is the strain component in the thickness direction (it is also one of the principal strain components if through-thickness shear is negligible - e.g. with shells).  So, you also need the in-plane strains to be able to relate equivalent strain and thinning! Thus you may have any combination of PEEQ and thinning for various loading modes. At punch radius the loading mode is plane strain, while at the cup edge you are in uniaxial compression. The results that you describe, if they refer to cylindrical cup drawing, then they are consistent - there is no error.

BTW, none of these should be used as a failure criterion in sheet metal forming. Use the FLD for regular industrial application, and some necking models for more advanced analysis.

Hi,

I have used below mentioned trichloro silane from sigma aldrich for polished silicon, SU8 and glass surfaces. http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/product/aldrich/448931?lang=en&region=IN

Never tried on PMMA but you can try. In a vacuum dessicator, put a few drops of silane near your master mould and evacuate with ordinary rotary vacuum pump. Remove after an hour. If you see patches of milky film on the mould, reduce the time (this means too many layers of silane have been deposited). 

Silane layer once deposited has worked for me at least 5 subsequent pdms castings.

(Try it under a fume hood or a well ventilated area as the silane evaporates fast.)

Other trichloro silanes that have long hydrocarbon chain may also work.

You can get the similar or apropriate answer by searching the keyword in the GOOGLE SCHOLAR page. Usually you will get the first paper similar to your keyword.

From my experience, this way will help you a lot. If you still have a problem, do not hasitate to let me know.

Kind regards, Dr ZOL BAHRI - Universiti Malaysia Perlis, MALAYSIA

BNT-BKT-BT. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/post/BNT-BKT-BT#view=54f68badd3df3ee77c8b4638 [accessed May 7, 2015].

try to set another coordinate, then set the ball to rotate with respect to the new coordinate.

It seems you defined ansiotropic plastic behaviour (Hills's function) but did it incorrectly. I would recommend to switch to something simpler - start with ideally plastic, then plasticity with hardening and then switch to aniisotropy (if this is what you want) to see where exactly the problem lies.

Perhaps a look into the inp-file material card may also show whether you unintentionally clicked some options.

I have done the modeling. when I apply some force, and run the analysis, it runs.! But the problem is, beam is behaving independent of the column. That is, no stresses, moments and forces are transferred to the column. How can I apply weld settings at the beam-column joint .?

Dear sir,

 I got sintering completed...

Hi Mr Dewangan,

As I understand, numerically, this Constraint Factor for low strains increases at first with increasing temperature then decreases, whereas experimentally it should only decrease. Besides, at higher strains, numerical and experimental tendencies are the same (or so it seems).

How big is this increase, and on what temperature range? Apart from this "singularity", how far are the simulation results from the experimental results?

In my opinion, if this increase appears on a narrow temperature range compared to the full temperature range (for example 20°C compared to 500°C), and the rest of your results are in good agreement with the experimental data, there might just be a mistake in the material parameters in this temperature range and you should look at the definition of these parameters in this particular range.

However, if this increase persists on a wide temperature range and all the other results are shifted from the experimental data, the constitutive equation might be wrong or at least the way you defined its parameters... Or it can just be due to meshing, but it's hard to tell without more details.

See below

the section: Specifying the Rotation Axis

Dear friend, very interesting question.

However, the easiest way is searching the related document by typing the keywords into google scholar. You will find some related articles.

If yet to find the articles, do not hesitate to let me know. InsyaALLAH I will help you in detail.

Good luck. Dr Zol Bahri - Universiti Malaysia Perlis

You can get the similar or apropriate answer by searching the keyword in the GOOGLE SCHOLAR page. Usually you will get the first paper similar to your keyword.

From my experience, this way will help you a lot. If you still have a problem, do not hasitate to let me know.

Kind regards, Dr ZOL BAHRI - Universiti Malaysia Perlis, MALAYSIA

You can get the similar or apropriate answer by searching the keyword in the GOOGLE SCHOLAR page. Usually you will get the first paper similar to your keyword.

From my experience, this way will help you a lot. If you still have a problem, do not hasitate to let me know.

Kind regards, Prof Dr ZOL BAHRI

it would be very nice of you! looking forward for your answer and thanks in advance!

thanks a lot prof. Halilčević.

Best regards.

The preferred value for alpha for a CCD is k^(1/2) where k is the number of variables

So k = 2 ; alpha = sqrt (2) ; k = 3 ; alpha = sqrt (3) ; k = 4 ; alpha = 2 ...

In fact, it is so because these values put the axial (or star) points on the same hypersphere (circle in 2D, sphere in 3D, ..) as the factorial points 

InsyAllah I will explain in detail soon.

InsyAllah I will explain in detail soon.

InsyAllah I will explain in detail soon.