Dementia - Science topic

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Here are references to recent studies on protective factors and resilience in caregivers of individuals with dementia:

1. **Martyr, A., Rusted, J. M., Quinn, C., et al. (2023).** *Resilience in caregivers of people with mild-to-moderate dementia: findings from the IDEAL cohort.* BMC Geriatrics, 23, Article 804.

- This study explored various factors associated with resilience among caregivers, identifying key sociocultural, contextual, and psychological elements that contribute to caregiver resilience.

- [Link to Study](https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-023-04549-y)【13†source】【14†source】

2. **Quinn, C., Morris, R. G., & Clare, L. (2023).** *Personality traits, self-efficacy, and competence in dementia caregiving.* Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry.

- This article examines how personality traits and self-efficacy influence caregiver competence and resilience, providing insights into the psychological dimensions of caregiving.

3. **Bradford Scholars Repository. (2023).** *Resilience in caregivers of people with dementia: findings from the IDEAL cohort.*

- This open-access repository provides additional data and analysis from the IDEAL cohort, focusing on how caregiver characteristics and care demands influence resilience.

- [Link to Study](http://hdl.handle.net/10454/19726)【14†source】

These references should provide you with a comprehensive understanding of the current research on resilience in dementia caregivers.

The process of establishing benchmarks in dementia care requires multiple processes that prioritize enhancing quality and measuring performance. Here is a framework that can assist you in setting up these benchmarks: Internal benchmarking refers to the process of comparing an organization's performance against its own previous performance or against the performance of other departments within the same organization. This practice helps identify areas of improvement and best practices that can be implemented to enhance overall

1. Define Key Performance Indicators (KPIs): - Determine precise KPIs that accurately measure the quality of care provided to individuals with dementia. Examples encompass many metrics such as patient well-being scores, staff-to-patient ratios, incident rates (such as falls and prescription errors), and patient satisfaction surveys.

2. Acquire Data: - Compile data pertaining to the identified Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) within a specified timeframe. Possible methods for gathering information may involve conducting chart reviews, obtaining feedback from staff members, and monitoring incident reports.

3. Data Analysis:- Evaluate the gathered data to detect trends, patterns, and areas that require enhancement. Analyze and evaluate the performance of various units or teams within your organization. 4. Establish Performance Targets:- Utilizing the analysis, define precise and quantifiable objectives for enhancement. For example, you may set a goal to decrease the rate of falls by a specific percentage throughout the upcoming year. 5. Execute Modifications: - Formulate and execute strategic plans to accomplish the established objectives. This may entail staff training, policy amendments, or the implementation of new care protocols. 6. Monitor Progress: - Consistently evaluate the Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) to determine if the established benchmarks are being achieved. Modify strategies as necessary according to continuous data analysis. External benchmarking refers to the process of comparing an organization's performance, practices, or outcomes with those of other external entities in order to identify areas for improvement or to measure performance against industry standards. 1. Conduct Research on Best Practices: - Engage in research to gain an understanding of the most effective methods and standards employed by other organizations in the field of dementia care. This may involve conducting a thorough examination of relevant literature, examining guidelines provided by reputable health organizations, and engaging in partnerships with hospitals or care facilities renowned for their exceptional dementia care. 2. Choose Comparison Organizations: - Select organizations or programs that are similar in size, population served, and services provided to use as benchmarks. 3. Gather Comparative Data: - Acquire data on their performance indicators pertaining to dementia care. Examples of this could encompass published reports, surveys, or involvement in benchmarking consortiums.

4. Evaluate and Compare: - Examine the external data and contrast it with your internal measures. Identify deficiencies in healthcare or inconsistencies in performance and areas where your company thrives. 5. Establish External Benchmark Objectives: - Utilizing the comparative analysis, modify your internal objectives to correspond with or beyond the criteria established by the external benchmarks. 6. Execute and Fine-tune: - Similar to internal benchmarking, utilize the knowledge acquired from external benchmarking to guide adjustments and enhancements in practice. Observe and evaluate these alterations to determine their long-term effects.

In conclusion Establishing standards in dementia care necessitates a methodical strategy that encompasses the identification of pertinent indicators, data gathering, analysis, and continuous monitoring. By integrating both internal and external benchmarking, healthcare providers can gain a deeper understanding of their performance and actively work towards ongoing enhancement in the quality of care they deliver. Involving stakeholders, such as families and caregivers, can further strengthen the benchmarking process and improve the quality of care.

Thanks Adnan Majeed ,

There are important ethic considerations as you mention.

In our use case, the digitalized clinical tests, dementia and depression test, are administered. We use Alexa devices to pass these tests so that the information is digitized, obtaining the answer of the final score automatically.

Taking into account the data collected from our users, the features to clasify them will be:

My proposal is to compare the digitized test with the classic one to check the sensitivity and specificity. And compare these two terms with the ones I get when I add the Machine Learning layer. Probably the library I use is Scikit-learn.

Do you think I'm on the right path? Are there any important suggestions to keep in mind?

Thanks in advance,

Further to this line of thinking about the relationship between hormone levels and dementia, could the GnRH increases associated with FSH increased levels also be an important factor? When considering the chicken or the egg in this pathogenesis, could GnRH have a hormesis effect on neurone where low levels are functional but high levels have a pathogenic effect when levels cross a certain threshold of expression?

A recent study reported an association in midlife women where elevated gonadotropin levels are associated with increased biomarker risk of Alzheimer's disease.

One study in mice indicated an association with the HPG axis and cognitive senescence with a suggestion that pharmaceutical intervention reducing GnRH could reduce the pathophysiological processes underlying AD and plaque formation.

Muchas gracias, Berna!

Estaba investigando esta línea: La demencia no afecta únicamente a las células del cerebro, sino que también causa cambios en otros sistemas del cuerpo, como la piel. Los tejidos de la piel y del cerebro provienen de las mismas células madre embrionarias y pueden experimentar el mismo tipo de degeneración. A partir de este hallazgo, se está desarrollando una prueba para identificar un biomarcador que indique la densidad celular anormal en la piel de pacientes con demencia, ya que se ha observado que son más propensos a sufrir heridas.

Hi Priya Darshane

I came across some amazing articles that would enlighten us more about psychobiotics. Please check the same.

1. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41398-021-01422-7

2. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41380-022-01817-y

3.

4.

5. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0963996921007924

Thanks,

Samir

Click your account (your profile pic. at top right corner) -> "Invite colleagues" -> enter their email addresses and "Send nomination".

I must express my heartfelt thanks to you all who have been contributing to this discussion so far. Thank you so much, Ljubomir Jacić Mary C R Wilson Sundus F Hantoosh Mauro Colombo Anamitra Roy

Best regards

Muhammad

Given the subjective nature of dementia, each of the tools/techniques you have mentioned would be to be carried out individually, right?

In that case, that would require individual data collection and curation.

Which translates into hardware and personal time requirements/allocation.

How does one solve this challenge then?

Dear Getu Habte

I found this article, that I also have added above, as I think it is highly relevant.

Hello, Linda. I am currently working on research on the impact of caregiving on family caregivers and the tests I am using are the following, taken from the study by Crespo and López (2007) that I reference at the end. This is the adapted table, in case any of them are useful for you:

Contextual variables:

Sociodemographic characteristics (patient and caregiver).

Dependent person's problems: Memory and Behavior Problems Checklist, MBPC (Zarit and Zarit, 1983)

Cognitive impairment: Global Deterioration Scale (GDS) (Reisberg et al., 1982).

Functional impairment: Barthel index

Mediating variables:

Subjective burden: Caregiver Burden Interview (CBI) (Zarit et al., 1980).

Positive aspects of caregiving: Caregiving Satisfaction Scale (Lawton et al., 1989).

Self-esteem: Self-esteem scale (Rosenberg, 1965)

Social support (availability and satisfaction): Social Support Questionnaire, Short Form-Revised (SSQSR) (Saranson et al., 1987).

Caregiving coping strategies: Brief-COPE Inventory (Carver, 1997).

Dependent variables:

Anxiety: Anxiety subscale of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) (Zigmond and Snaith, 1983)

Depression: Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) (Beck et al., 1979)

Physical health: GHQ-28 Physical Scale (General Health Questionnaire-28) (Goldberg, 1981)

Health Questionnaire SF-12, 12-Item short-form health survey (Ware, Kosinski and Keller, 1996).

I hope you find it useful :)

Crespo, M., y López, J. (2007). El apoyo a los cuidadores de familiares mayores dependientes en el hogar: desarrollo del programa “Cómo mantener su bienestar”. Madrid: Imserso.

Triangulation does not necessarily include three methods. The name refers to an analogy with navigation, where two observations are drawn in a way that generates the intersection of lines at the point of a triangle. So, you only need two different data sources for your comparison, but note that they should be as distinct ("independent") as possible.

Thank you all for your input! I first tried a loglinear analysis, but one of my variables did not meet the assumptions and then I got stumped with the interpretation!

Sal Mangiafico, I then used two 2 - way contingency tables! This was much easier, thank you!

Daniil ( Даниил ) Александрович Fedorov ( Федоров ) I do have the ages of the patients. I am just making a comparison between older and younger adults with dementia in this way, as individuals diagnosed under 65 are diagnosed as having young onset dementia. Which is the main reason for my project :-)

dank Thanos

Golgi Cenci Foundation [see director Antonio Guaita in ResearchGate, and www.golgicenci.it for results and methodology] focussed on 70 to 74 years old people to follow longitudinally a cohort, since a turnpoint age; we are running the 5th wave

regards, Mauro Colombo

Hi did you find the dataset of retinal imaging for the detection of Alzheimer's?

Could you help me to find some database for this subject to?

Thank you in advance

Lower concentrations of amyloid beta 42 are associated with dementia

It depends on research design, questions, hypotheses, methodology.etc

A selected focus group of say 5 to 10 nurses, with experience of dementia, could provide sufficient initial data. Alternatively/additionally, a small representative sample could be randomly chosen from the nurse population. Quantitative and qualitative approaches could be integrated.

There is a lot of heterogeneity, I think - wide differences from one institution to another. In Australia, for example, it is available at only a few centres so this is rarely done, only referred by relatively select clinicians (eg a few geriatricians).

I would not be surprised if there are very few cases in some countries and more in others.

That, then, leads to the question if only a certain few can afford it (obviously in some countries you can only get it if you pay for it) then does that mean a lot of people who need this cannot get it?

Done

Paraphrasing and collecting reference, editing work in other word, cannot result in coautorship ! The authors of papers must have been involved in the creative process of the paper, no ? To be honest, I do not think that this kind of request is deontological or even ethical.

In order for adults lacking capacity to participate in non-clinical trial research it must be connected with an impairing condition in the functioning of the mind or brain affecting the person (or its treatment), which causes or contributes to the impairment. a person must be assumed to have capacity unless established otherwise. Individuals should be helped to make their own decisions as far as practicable. A person is not to be treated as unable to make a decision merely because he makes an unwise decision. All decisions and actions must be in the best interests of the person lacking capacity. All decisions and actions must be the least restrictive of the person’s rights and freedom of action. Capacity refers to the everyday ability that individuals possess to make decisions or to take actions that affect them, from simple decisions such as what to have for breakfast to far-reaching decisions about serious medical treatment or financial affairs.

Hello, I find these interesting articles:

Best regards,

Pr. Hambaba

Thanks a lot, Dr. Martin Hofmeister Yes, a number of studies are pooled on the benefits of sticking to a Mediterranean-style diet to stave off brain decline. Most of the studies focused on the overall benefits of the diet, but one study delved into the specific ingredients that help. Harvard Health cited a study by researchers at the National Institutes of Health that evaluated the lifestyles of more than 7,750 participants and followed them for five to 10 years. They used this data to identify the dietary factors that were most important in reducing the risk of cognitive impairment, as well as the dietary factors that were most important in reducing the risk of cognitive decline. Harvard Health reported that fish was the “most important dietary factor” in reducing the risk of cognitive impairment. https://middleeast.in-24.com/News/162859.html

We are so grateful for sharing these valuable and informative links about this thread...My sincere gratitude, Doctor.

Hello Mr Pise.

I hope you’re doing good. I’m currently working on validating observer-rated only scales to assess presence of depressive symptoms in moderately severe dementia (in the nursing field).

Throughout hundreds of articles I’ve read, I saw a lack of consensus on how to diagnose depression in dementia (e.g.: ICD-10 criteria, DSM, PDC-dAD, etc.). For the Alzheimer’s type dementia, some studies suggest the use of the Provisional Diagnostic Criteria for Depression of Alzheimer's Disease (PDC-dAD). A lot of studies use this criteria measure (PDC-dAD) as the reference standard for depression diagnosis in other types of dementia (ex: vascular, fronto-temporal, ect.), however the same limit always come back to surface: the PDC-dAD was developed for Alzheimer’s disease and never validated for any other types of dementia. This being said, there seems to be a need in developing a consensus for depression diagnosis in diverse dementia types/severity. It would be very interesting to either validate the PDC-dAD in different dementia types/severity or construct a new universal criteria measure for depression in all dementia types (or one who incorporates criteria for the different types). All studies I’ve seen on the assessment of depression in dementia discusses how the main difficulty for healthcare providers (physicians and nurses) is the bidirectional relationship between the two problems and how symptoms of depression in this clientele could actually be behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia or vice versa, leading to over or under detection/diagnosis of depression.

I hope my answer is the type you are looking for and hope this helps! Have a nice day!

Done

FamGenix is a family health history platform that allows you to build pedigrees yourself or auto-generate them by gathering family history data from patients/family members via the app/web portal. It also includes custom surveys that can be sent to participants. On the provider portal you can enter/search clinical data and review/edit pedigrees. https://famgenix.com

Chinese Medical Journal may be a good choice. It is an authoritative medical journal with a long history in China, and its status is similar to that of BMJ.

👌🏾

Do you have any links to suggest?

I have enclosed a music therapy and Alzheimer's review of literature article for your perusal. Chris

Also, see the following RG link.

Good question Muhammad Aledeh for this interesting topic.

you need to ask ourself, first, what are you going to study. Are you studying cell death per se? Do you want to study dementia, and if so, is this the right model and is cell death the most important factor to be studied? Cell lines are great to study biochemistry, sort of great for cell biology, much less great to study neuroscience, even less great to study neurodegeneration.

Applying Deep Learning to Predicting Dementia and Mild Cognitive Impairment

Guest Editor (s): Ilias Maglogiannis, Lazaros Iliadis, and Elias Pimenidis

This paper might help you out:

Hunter and Brayne Journal of Negative Results in BioMedicine (2017) 16:1 DOI 10.1186/s12952-017-0066-3

Regarding variable will you use in your thesis, I have some suggestions for you:

1. For y (dependent) variable, that is dementia, type of the variable is binary (i.e. 1 and 0,where 1 represents dementia and 0 is not dementia)

2. For x (independent) variable, you have to specify it before hand. I mean you have to ensure these variables affect and can be used to predict dementia. Do Exploratory data analysis before doing prediction.

Have you done with all of these?

Rating Scale for Aggressive Behaviour in the Elderly (RAGE)

Dear Mostafa Shaban

Many thanks for this. This is really useful!

P.J.

It feels great to share it. Hope you find it useful P.J. White

Hi Donna, thanks for this. However, I have been looking for the data collected from these types of sensors. There are usually motion detection sensors applied to patients' houses to collect information based on when there is motion detected in each room.

This type of data is usually found on Kaggle or UCI machine learning websites, but there is not anything similar available.

Dear Dr.Lidia,

There are many online journals, such as American Journal of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, American Journal of Public Health Research, Biomedical Research International, Journal of One Health etc, in which review articles can be published.I have published reviews in all these journals.

Stay safe and healthy.

With kind regards,

Prof.Dr.Mahendra Pal

We encourage all patients, especially those with early dementia and those with risk factors for dementia, to maintain or increase physical activity and exercise as long as there are no contraindications.

●Mediterranean-style diets that are high in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, beans, nuts, and seeds and include olive oil as an important source of fat have been associated with a variety of health benefits, including reduced cardiovascular risk, which may directly or indirectly reduce dementia risk.

●Prospective studies and randomized controlled trials have not shown an overall benefit from vitamins, statins, cholinesterase inhibitors, estrogen replacement, or nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for the prevention of dementia.

●While vitamin E is not recommended in healthy adults for the purposes of preventing dementia,

See: Johnson, C and Johnson, R. (2000) Alzheimer's disease as a trip back in time. American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease April or the short British Alzheimer's Society one page article. for an explanation of the time Travel model of AD. The updated version with more positive language in in the 2017 Behavioral Science journal article.

There most likely are many causes of AD.

One prominent theory is loss of autophagy. This dysfunction

allows deposition of tau protein. Rapamycin inhibition of the

mTOR pathway allows improvement in autophagy and repair

of damaged proteins etc.and suggests therapeutic effects.

Mitochondrial dysfunction is also involved. The loss of normal

cell function due to severe mitochondrial damage from various insults

ie ischemia, toxins, hyperglycemia, direct physical damage etc.

Cells die at an advance rate via apoptosis.

I love this topic....so much to learn

Lester Mandelker DVM

Fellow AAVPT

Our study is based on two behavioral tests the Y-Maze test, which in it the spatial working memory was evaluated based on the percentage of correct alteration between the three arms (A, B and C), and the NOR test to analyze the nonspatial working memory in Scopolamine-induced memory impairment model. And other biochemical parameters such as dosing antioxidants enzymes, lipid peroxidation in both brain and serum ....

Is that enough !!! To confirm the anti-amnesic potential of a plant ?

Ansab Akhtar Thanks Sir for your valuable help. 🌹

I just saw your question from quite a while ago, so I'm not sure if it's still relevant but others might find the information useful as well...

There is good evidence the BPSDs co-occur. In the paper attached, we showed a high degree of BPSD comorbidity in a representative sample of PwD living in residential care (in Australia).

While all BPSDs do not occur in all forms of dementia, some form of BPSD is common in most forms of dementia. BPSD are grouped together because they are associated with damage to the brain (and deficits associated with this) and they can often be treated in similar ways, which often differ from the way the condition would be treated in a person without dementia.