Data Warehousing - Science topic

Clinical data's vast volume and diverse formats, compounded by the intricacies of healthcare and the heightened importance of security and privacy, necessitate sophisticated data management and governance systems. Existing studies often examine components like data distribution, privacy, and security in isolation. This research bridges the gaps by...

Data lakes are becoming increasingly prevalent for big data management and data analytics. In contrast to traditional ‘schema-on-write’ approaches such as data warehouses, data lakes are repositories storing raw data in its original formats and providing a common access interface. Despite the strong interest raised from both academia and industry,...

Background The varicella zoster virus (VZV) recombinant subunit vaccine, Shingrix, was found to be safe in solid organ transplant recipients (SOTR) and is now approved and recommended for all immunocompromised patients. Given limited efficacy data, we preferred a single center retrospective study to demonstrate safety and effectiveness of the Shing...

Background This study aimed to use data analytics to retrospectively identify the prevalence of inpatients across a system of hospitals with a BAAL who received and tolerated the culprit or related beta-lactam (BL) without proper documentation in the allergy profile of the electronic medical record (EMR). Findings from this study could prioritize d...

Background Since late December 2021, the COVID-19 Omicron variant has been the predominant variant in the US. While considered less severe than previous variants, the burden of severe COVID-19 remains significant, especially in patients with high-risk underlying conditions. Underutilization of outpatient therapeutics has been reported in this popul...

Background Shingles burden has historically focused on older adults, with the currently licensed vaccine in the US approved for adults aged ≥50 years. Our study aimed to estimate the incidence of shingles among adults aged 45–49 years and to ascertain whether the adjusted incidence rate (IR) was similar to adults aged 50-54 years, stratified by imm...

Background Vaccine preventable diseases (VPD) such as influenza, pneumococcal infection, herpes zoster and pertussis pose a significant burden for adults 50 years and older. The disease burden beyond the acute phase (downstream effects) where a VPD can trigger or exacerbate comorbidities is less studied. Methods Using Optum’s de-identified Clinfor...

Background Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are the most common bacterial infections in women. Antibiotics (ABX) are available to treat uncomplicated UTI (uUTI), but 10–30% of patients experience treatment failure (TF). We assessed uUTI-related healthcare costs among uUTI patients with/without oral ABX TF in the United States (US). Methods This ret...

Background Surveillance of adverse events, healthcare-associated infections (HAI), and notifiable diseases is the foundation for controlling and preventing these occurrences. Typically, surveillance is carried out by trained professionals who manually review patient records and other data sources, using defined criteria for target events. The objec...

Background Majority of patients with a BAALs can tolerate a β-lactam without concerns for a severe IgE-mediated reaction. Many BAALs are confirmed to be intolerances or adverse events versus a true allergy. False BAALs can result in the use of alternative non-BLs, posing risk for collateral health consequences. Current strategies to delabel a false...

Background Influenza, pneumococcal infection, herpes zoster and pertussis are vaccine preventable diseases (VPDs) that cause significant burden for older adults (50+ years old). Downstream effects beyond the acute phase such as loss of independence have not been well characterised. Methods Using Optum’s de-identified Clinformatics® Data Mart Datab...

Background Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-E) bloodstream infections (BSI) are associated with increased cost, morbidity, and mortality compared with BSI by non-ESBL-producing bacteria. Phenotypic susceptibility data from blood cultures can take up to 72 hours to result, leading to delays in appropriate antimicrobi...

In the dynamic landscape of outdoor cooking businesses, harnessing data-driven insights has become pivotal for achieving sustainable growth and operational excellence. This research explores the transformative potential of leveraging Autonomous Data Warehouses (ADW) to advance the core processes within outdoor cooking enterprises. ADW, an emerging...

Mechanical ventilation weaning within intensive care units (ICU) is a difficult process, while crucial when considering its impact on morbidity and mortality. Failed extubation and prolonged mechanical ventilation both carry a significant risk of adverse events. We aimed to determine predictive factors of extubation success using data-mining and ar...

Background Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs), which have proven cardiovascular benefits, are recommended in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). However, there is limited real-world evidence comparing the effects of once-weekly (OW) GLP-1 RAs and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors...

The aim of this study was to assess health care resource utilization (HRU) and costs associated with delayed pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) diagnosis in the United States. Eligible adults with newly diagnosed PAH from Optum’s de-identified Clinformatics® Data Mart Database (2016–2021) were assigned to mutually exclusive cohorts based on time...

The “MEAN Stack Integration into the Data Warehouse" seeks to explain when to use Inmon or Kimball methods in data marts and data warehouses; and what methods, tools, and techniques are best suited to deliver a manageable corporate data warehouse with high telemetry and low technical debt.

ER Roushan Yadav Data Warehousing and Data Mining

Background Since the inception of the interferon‐free direct‐acting antiviral agents (DAAs) for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, guidelines as to who should receive this potentially curative treatment have evolved. Treatment with DAAs is now considered for all patients except for those considered moribund. Aim To determine the DAA treatment rate...

Introduction: The sharing of patient location data is heavily regulated by lawsprotecting patient privacy and institutional review boards that are designed toprotect the rights and wellbeing of human subjects. Patient location data hasincredible value for research due to environmental social determinants ofhealth that heavily influence patient outc...

Importance Despite hydroxyurea being an established treatment for sickle cell disease (SCD), it remains underused. The recent approval of the disease-modifying treatments (DMTs) l -glutamine, crizanlizumab, and voxelotor underscores the need to understand the uptake of DMTs in the current treatment landscape. Objective To explore characteristics t...

Background Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) can persistently augment immune and inflammatory pathways. While cardiovascular immune-related adverse events (irAE) such as myocarditis are well identified, less is known about other potential cardiovascular effects of ICI.¹ Given the association between inflammation, atherosclerosis and cardiovascular...

This paper delves into the application of data warehousing technology in healthcare decision-making, particularly focusing on its utility in managing cancer-related data. Healthcare executives and medical professionals often require timely access to comprehensive health data to make informed decisions without disrupting the everyday operations of a...

The intensive development of information and telecommunications technology has a very large impact on society. On the one hand, it greatly facilitates many activities in everyday life, such as searching for information, establishing contacts with other people, or controlling household appliances at a distance. On the other hand, it poses serious th...

Objective To investigate the association of medication copayment and treatment adherence to hydroxychloroquine and immunosuppressants for SLE. Methods We conducted a retrospective analysis of health claims data using Optum’s de-identified Clinformatics Data Mart Database. Individuals with SLE continuously enrolled for 180 days from 1 July 2010 to...

Sustainable agriculture is becoming increasingly important in the face of growing environmental challenges. One key aspect of sustainable agriculture is managing soil resources effectively. In this context, digital soil mapping (DSM) has emerged as a powerful tool to understand soil variability better and inform land management decisions. This pape...

This paper delves into the application of data warehousing technology in healthcare decision- making, particularly focusing on its utility in managing cancer-related data. Healthcare executives and medical professionals often require timely access to comprehensive health data to make informed decisions without disrupting the everyday operations o...

The health sector around the world faces the continuous challenge of improving the services provided to patients. Therefore, digital transformation in health services plays a key role in integrating new technologies such as artificial intelligence. However, the health system in Peru has not yet taken the big step towards digitising its services, cu...

Purpose Irradiating the surgical bed of resected brain metastases improves local and distant disease control. Over time, stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) has replaced whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) as the treatment standard of care because it minimizes long-term damage to neuro-cognition. Despite this data and growing adoption, socio-economic dispa...

Today's warehouse industry encounters three main challenges. The first is the steep rise in real estate prices, which underscores the importance of efficient storage; warehouse owners want to avoid the cost of storing space. The second challenge revolves around labor complexities-attracting and retaining warehouse staff is tough, and the expenses a...

The evolution of Big Data has been a transformative journey from mere storage of vast datasets to the era of cloud-driven insights. This paper delves into the key milestones and technological shifts that have shaped Big Data's evolution. It explores how traditional data warehousing gave way to distributed computing paradigms like Hadoop, and subseq...

Business intelligence (BI) refers to technologies, tools, and practices for collecting, integrating, analyzing, and presenting large volumes of information to enable improved decision-making. A modern BI architecture typically consists of a data warehouse made up of one or more data marts that consolidate data from several operational databases. BI...

Disclosure: D. Chen: None. M. Banerjee: None. T. Xu: None. F.P. Worden: None. M.R. Haymart: None. Background. Since 2011, the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved eight small-molecule kinase inhibitors (SMKIs) for the treatment of advanced thyroid cancer (i.e., radioiodine-refractory metastatic differentiated thyroid cancer...

Daratumumab (DARA) is an anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody approved as a combination therapy for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM) and as monotherapy and combination therapy for relapsed or refractory MM cases. We assessed the length of DARA use across lines of therapy and the probabilities of treatment discontinuation in patients with MM in the re...

Rationale & objective: Head-to-head data comparing the effectiveness and safety of oral anticoagulants in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and advanced CKD are lacking. We compared the safety and effectiveness of warfarin or rivaroxaban vs. apixaban in patients with AF and non-dialysis CKD stages 4-5. Study design: Propensity score matched c...

Purpose Predicting models using physiological parameters have been developed for use in the emergency department. The aim of our study was to evaluate NEWS (New Early Warning Score), EWSO2 (Early Warning Score Oxygen), and Heart rate variability (HRV) as outcome predictors for spontaneously breathing patients attending the ICU. Methods A post-hoc...

Objective: The objective of this study was to compare the clinical effectiveness of biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) or Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKi) among seropositive versus seronegative patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in a real-world setting. Methods: We used Optum's deidentified Clinformatics Data Mart Databa...

In the rapidly evolving field of data management, numerous terminologies, such as data warehouse, data lake, data lakehouse, and data mesh , have emerged, each representing a unique analytical data architecture. However, the distinctions and similarities among these paradigms often remain unclear. The present paper aimed to navigate the data archit...

Patients with psoriasis (PsO) are at increased risk of herpes zoster (HZ), but recent data on the incidence of HZ among patients with PsO and the impact of HZ on healthcare resource use (HRU) and costs for patients with PsO have not been described. This retrospective, longitudinal, cohort study estimated HZ incidence in cohorts of adults with vs wi...

Information systems research for non-profit organizations is an opportunity to make a contribution to the field of information systems, the adoption of information systems in this field is relatively tedious and there are few studies that examine this area; consequently, there are several research gaps in the domain of non-profit organizations that...

Connective tissue disorders (CTDs) are the most frequent diseases associated with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Despite advances in treatment, the prognosis of CTD-related PAH remains poor. To help identify areas for improvement in the management of CTD-related PAH, this study assessed real-world PAH treatment patterns in this population i...

Background Telehealth restrictions were relaxed under the COVID-19 public health emergency. We examined telehealth use before and during the pandemic among patients with newly diagnosed cancers and the association between state policies and telehealth use. Methods The study cohort was constructed from Optum’s deidentified Clinformatics Data Mart a...

Purpose: This study assessed the performance of International Classification of Diseases 10th Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-10-CM) coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) diagnostic code U07.1 against polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test results (Objective 1), and electronic medical record (EMR)-based codified algorithm for severe COVID-19 illne...

Due to their great scalability and performance, which make them appropriate for managing enormous amounts of data, NoSQL databases are becoming more and more popular. Traditional databases that prioritize data integrity have often been used for data warehousing. Yet, NoSQL databases are growing in popularity as big data and the need to manage vast...

Data Warehousing has evolved over the past few decades primarily due to the exponential growth of data that traditional system is unable to handle and secondly due to technological advancement, which makes it feasible to have real-time data and cloud technology which provides unlimited storage and scalability. The journey for these changes started...

Background: We evaluated the frequency of genomic testing and treatment patterns by age category in patients with newly diagnosed (ND) acute myeloid leukemia (AML) treated in both academic- and community-based health systems within a single Midwestern State. Methods: Retrospective analysis of data from the Indiana University Health System Enterp...

Objective To examine the differential impacts of medication-assisted therapy (MAT) medications (naltrexone, methadone, and buprenorphine) on drug overdose-related hospitalizations or emergency room (ER) visits in patients with opioid use disorder (OUD). Patients and methods A retrospective cohort study was performed on patients 18 years or older di...

As adoption of the Snowflake cloud data platform continues to accelerate, organizations are seeking ways to optimize costs and resource utilization amidst Snowflake's unique architecture. This paper examines best practices and considerations for attaining efficiency, managing expenses, and upholding sustainability initiatives within Snowflake imple...

Evaluating the performance of university faculty is a hard task because of the diversity of the work performed. The authors assume that the founder of the university evaluates the effectiveness of the university according to performing the teaching staff. The aim of the study is to improve the monitoring of key performance indicators of the univers...

Objective: Patients who receive most care within a single healthcare system (colloquially called a "loyalty cohort" since they typically return to the same providers) have mostly complete data within that organization's electronic health record (EHR). Loyalty cohorts have low data missingness, which can unintentionally bias research results. Using...

Rationale: There is concern that patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are at greater risk of increased healthcare utilization (HCU) following Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus-2 (SARS-COV-2) infection. Objective: To assess whether COPD is an independent risk factor for increased post-discharge HCU. Methods: We...

Background and rationale. Digestive diseases are common and lead to significant morbidity, mortality, and health care utilization. We used national survey and claims databases to expand on earlier findings and investigate current trends in the digestive disease burden in the United States. Methods. The National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey, Natio...

In this paper, we will discuss mining big data; its applications and characteristics. This topic will provide a guideline to new researchers about hot issues in data mining. As we know that, big data is large in volume with various dimensions. In Big Data, data grows continuously so it becomes difficult to process and manipulate these tremendous am...

Objective: i2b2 offers the possibility to store biomedical data of different projects in subject oriented data marts of the data warehouse, which potentially requires data replication between different projects and also data synchronization in case of data changes. We present an approach that can save this effort and assess its query performance i...

The ItemCF algorithm is currently the most widely used recommendation algorithm in commercial applications. In the early days of recommender systems, most recommendation algorithms were run on a single machine rather than in parallel. This approach, coupled with the rapid growth of massive user behavior data in the current big data era, has led to...

Background: Accumulating evidence suggests that adult vaccinations can reduce the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Alzheimer's disease related dementias. Objective: To compare the risk for developing AD between adults with and without prior vaccination against tetanus and diphtheria, with or without pertussis (Tdap/Td); herpes zos...

Background Individuals with comorbid major depressive disorder and type 2 diabetes represent an important subgroup of patients for whom conventional treatment may be insufficient. A precision treatment approach that addresses insulin resistance with an outcome of a positive response to antidepressants may prove beneficial. Methods This study utili...

Aplicar la Inteligencia empresarial para evaluar el proceso de recepción y direccionamiento de alertas. El tipo de investigación que se empleó fue descriptiva, la cual sirvió para estudiar la realidad de situaciones, eventos, personas, grupos o comunidades. Los resultados indicaron que la integración de los datos en archivos planos, Excel, base de...

Purpose: There is limited literature regarding real-world treatment patterns of patients with COPD, particularly since the introduction of once-daily single-inhaler triple therapy with fluticasone furoate/umeclidinium/vilanterol in 2017. Here, we evaluated treatment patterns of patients with COPD before and after a COPD exacerbation. Patients and...

New anabolic medications (abaloparatide and romosozumab) were recently approved for osteoporosis, and data suggest that prescribing antiresorptive medications after a course of anabolic medications offers better outcomes. This study aimed to characterize prescription trends, demographics, geographical distributions, out‐of‐pocket costs, and treatme...

Nirmatrelvir (coadministered with ritonavir as PAXLOVID TM ) reduces the risk of COVID-19-related hospitalizations and all-cause death in individuals with mild-to-moderate COVID-19 at high risk of progression to severe disease. Ritonavir is coadministered as a pharmacokinetic enhancer. However, ritonavir may cause drug-drug interactions (DDIs) due...

University as higher education institutions must be able to manage budgets properly. The budget is a future financial plan which includes the expectations of university management. This research will design a data warehouse, which is a place where data can be stored on a large scale. In this research, a data warehouse will be designed as a place to...

Context. This commentary is based on an innovative approach to the development of predictive analytics. It is centered on the development of predictive models for varying stages of chronic disease through integrating all types of datasets, adds various new features to a theoretically driven data warehousing, creates purpose-specific prediction mode...

This study tested the effectiveness of the college-developed online review facility, Prepare2Excel. Primarily, it purported to provide enhanced learning-tool both for Board Licensure Examination for Professional Teachers (BLEPT) reviewers and facilitators; customize review programs based on the current reviewers’ needs; extend the reach of the revi...

Background: Intensive care unit (ICU) utilization has increased among patients with Alzheimer disease and related dementia (ADRD), although outcomes are poor. Objectives: To compare ICU discharge location and subsequent mortality between patients with and patients without ADRD enrolled in Medicare Advantage. Methods: This observational study u...

Data harmonization is an important step in large-scale data analysis and for generating evidence on real world data in healthcare. With the OMOP common data model, a relevant instrument for data harmonization is available that is being promoted by different networks and communities. At the Hannover Medical School (MHH) in Germany, an Enterprise Cli...

Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication after major surgery. This study assessed the risk of developing or worsening of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and other clinical outcomes in patients experiencing AKI after major surgery. Methods This retrospective observational study used Optum's de-identified Clinformatics® Data Mart D...

Background Guidelines recommend using multiple drugs in patients with heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction, but there is a paucity of real‐world data on the simultaneous initiation of the 4 pharmacological pillars at discharge after a decompensation event. Methods and Results A retrospective data mart, including patients diagnosed wit...

Introduction: Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic, autoinflammatory skin disease associated with many comorbidities. One biologic (adalimumab) is approved for HS. This study assessed the sociodemographic characteristics, comorbidities, treatment patterns, healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) and associated costs of patients with HS follow...

Objectives: Mechanical ventilation weaning within intensive care units (ICU) is a difficult process, while crucial when considering its impact on morbidity and mortality. Failed extubation and prolonged mechanical ventilation both carry a significant risk of adverse events. We aimed to determine predictive factors of extubation success using data-m...

Purpose: Osteoporosis affects more than 200 million individuals worldwide and predisposes to vertebral compression fractures (VCFs). Given undertreatment of fragility fractures, including VCFs, we investigate current anti-osteoporotic medication prescribing trends. Methods: Patients 50 and older with a diagnosis of primary closed thoracolumbar V...

Background and Aims Head-to-head data comparing the effectiveness and safety of oral anticoagulants in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and advanced CKD or on dialysis are lacking. We compared the effectiveness and safety of apixaban, rivaroxaban and warfarin in patients with AF and CKD stages 3 to 5, including those on dialysis. Method We c...

Objective This study aims to develop a generalizable architecture for enhancing an enterprise data warehouse for research (EDW4R) with results from a natural language processing (NLP) model, which allows discrete data derived from clinical notes to be made broadly available for research use without need for NLP expertise. The study also quantifies...