DNA Barcoding - Science topic

Cold-adapted species with fragmented distributions are often threatened by environmental change, particularly towards the southern limits of their ranges. Thus, a good knowledge of surviving populations of such taxa represents a fundamental aspect for efficient management and conservation. Here we provide the first reports of Boloria eunomia in Rom...

Abstract: The All Taxa Biodiversity Inventory (ABTI) of Great Smoky Mountains National Park (GSMNP) is an initiative devoted to cataloging every kind of life present in the park. Spider wasps (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae) are a diverse taxon of spider ectoparasitoids whose presence significantly impacts numerous ecosystem services. To document the dive...

Precise identification of rotifer strains is beneficial for sustainable management and productivity improvement in hatcheries. By combining DNA barcoding, taxonomy, and morphometric analysis, this study verified the identities of fifteen rotifer strains commonly utilized in Japanese public hatcheries or research institutes and discussed their signi...

Swollen Shoot is a viral disease affecting cocoa trees, transmitted by several species of mealybugs (Insecta, Hemiptera, Sternorrhyncha, Pseudococcidae). These insects maintain trophobiotic relationships with a complex and species-rich assemblage of ants protecting them and natural enemies controlling their populations. Here, we provide a curated D...

Simple Summary: Purse-web spiders are fascinating creatures that build unique silk tubes for hunting and protection. They remain relatively unknown among non-professionals, primarily due to their living in distinctive yet inconspicuous webs. One end of each web remains underground, while the other end extends above the surface and maintains a nearl...

The identification of octopus species, particularly those in the genera Octopus and Pinnoctopus, has been challenging due to the species' morphological plasticity and the presence of cryptic species in the western Atlantic. The use of molecular tools like DNA barcoding is important for accurate taxonomic identification, especially in understudied r...

Widespread insect decline necessitates the development and use of standardized protocols for regular monitoring. These methods have to be rapid, efficient and cost‐effective to allow for large‐scale implementation. Many insect sampling and molecular methods have been developed. These include Malaise trapping, high‐throughput DNA barcoding (‘megabar...

A molecular-based floristic survey of marine red algal biodiversity was conducted offshore Tanegashima Island, which is located at the northern end of mesophotic coral ecosystems (MCEs), in the Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan. This study provides the first comprehensive catalog of red algae comprising the sublittoral marine flora of offshore Tanegashima...

Az onkohematológiai kórképekben szenvedő betegeket nagymértékben veszélyeztetik az invazív gombafertőzések. A leggyakrabban candidiasis, aspergillosis, mucormycosis, cryptococcosis, valamint Pneumocystis -pneumonia fordul elő. Az invazív mycosisok diagnosztikáját támogató többféle módszer (tenyésztés, szövettan, szerológia, képalkotó eljárások) ell...

Mastitis is an important disease at the global level. With the steep rise in cases of bovine mastitis, it has become a matter of concern. It is responsible for nearly 70 per cent of the losses in milk production in India and also poses a significant public health risk. Diagnostic methods in field conditions are rather too crude, relying mainly on t...

Surmacz B., Stec D. 2025. Integrative approach reveals the first record of Milnesium guanyinensis in the Palearctic along with two other Milnesium (Tardigrada: Apochela) species from Poland. Folia Biologica (Kraków) 73: 1-9. We present the first record of Milnesium guanyinensis in the Palearctic region (S Poland), along with two other Milnesium spe...

This study aimed to explore and document putative exotic marine benthic invertebrate species in the Bijagós Archipelago, Guinea‐Bissau, to enhance understanding of marine biodiversity and address the extent of marine species introductions. The research was conducted in the Bijagós Archipelago, a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve located in Guinea‐Bissau. Th...

Fisheries and aquaculture play a crucial role in global food security, yet species mislabeling remains a persistent challenge, undermining consumer trust and market transparency. Proper food labeling is essential for protecting public health due to the presence of unknown toxic or allergenic substances and preventing illegally sourced products from...

Camphora Fabr. is a genus in the family Lauraceae, comprising over 20 tropical and subtropical tree species. Since the genera Camphora and Cinnamomum Schaeff. were described, there has been a long-lasting controversy regarding the phylogenetic relationships among taxa in both genera. In particular, phylogenetic inferences derived from plastid data...

Tetrigidae is one of the largest orthopteran families, but very few studies so far have integrated molecular and morphological data. Unsurprisingly, few species have been DNA barcoded, and the unresolved taxonomy makes Tetrigidae a difficult group to work with. Here, we examined a sample of 90 specimens collected as a part of the Costa Rican DNA ba...

NGS sequencing data are expanding exponentially, accompanied by a concomitant growth in non-target species contamination. Meanwhile, these seemingly undesirable sequences can actually provide valuable insights into the broad-scale diversity and distribution of their parasites or symbionts. In this study, we developed a pipeline called DBCscreen (DN...

Background Byadagi chilli, a Geographical Indication (GI)-tagged chilli variety known for its special aroma and bright red colour, was accorded the GI tag in February 2011 with the GI number 129. The two traditional varieties of Byadagi chilli, namely: Dabbi and Kaddi, are the GI-tagged varieties. In this study, GI-tagged Byadagi Dabbi, Byadagi Kad...

Northern Peru marks the end of an extensive coastal marine region: The Panama province, which is characterized by predominantly tropical and equatorial features and is home to the only rocky reefs known in Peruvian territory. This unique ecosystem could explain the presence of a diverse range of fish species. However, due to the difficulty of sampl...

Theobroma cacao is the most economically important species within the genus Theobroma. Despite its importance, the intraspecific relationships of this species has not been fully elucidated due to insufficient molecular information. To facilitate a better understanding of the intraspecific evolutionary relationships of T. cacao, Sequencing technolog...

Throughout the 20th century, coyotes (Canis latrans) expanded from their historical geographic range west of the Mississippi River to a current range of almost all of North America. Over the course of this expansion, coyotes have demonstrated diverse and variable omnivorous diets that change with the food resources available. This study examined th...

A comprehensive taxonomic revision of genus Tomosvaryella Aczél, 1939 (Diptera: Pipunculidae: Tomosvaryellini) from Australia is provided, based on morphological characters and barcode sequence data from mitochondrial COI. One hundred new species are introduced to science, the previously known six species are redescribed and lectotypes are nominate...

Background The Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus (Skuse, 1894), is a highly invasive species that has successfully colonized many tropical and temperate regions worldwide. Its rapid global spread is strongly associated with human activities and has created favorable conditions for the emergence of human arboviruses in new geographic areas. Me...

Morphological taxonomy and a molecular phylogenetic analysis led to the recognition of a new species of Rogas Nees from Costa Rica, R. shimborii Quicke & Sharkey, sp. nov. This represents the first discovery of the genus from the Americas; all previous records being the results of misidentifications and alternative interpretations. The new species...

Soybean cultivation in tropical regions, such as Indonesia, is often constrained by photoperiod sensitivity, resulting in low yield. Using long juvenile traits in short photoperiod tropical areas resulted in lines with late flowering time and high yield. Genetic diversity analysis of soybean lines using molecular markers is a critical step for bree...

Anguillid eels have seen precipitous declines in their population sizes. Because of these declines, a number are currently designated as Endangered, Critically Endangered, or are listed on Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species Appendix II. While the export of the critically endangered Anguilla anguilla outside the European Union i...

The genus Topiris Walker, 1863 is revised. This genus, previously neglected or deemed unrecognisable, comprised only Walker’s damaged and misrepaired type specimen of Topiris candidella Walker, 1863. Evidence is provided that this specimen was collected by Alfred Russel Wallace in 1855–56 in Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo. The mitogenome of this specime...

DNA barcoding using the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) fragment plays an important role in taxonomy, due to its efficiency and reliability in species identification. This targeted method enables comparisons with extensive existing datasets, facilitating the identification of unknown species and the verification of known ones. While next-gener...

The female inflorescence of Scindapsus officinalis (Roxb.) Schott commonly known as Gajapippali is an important Ayurveda drug of Araceae family. A market survey revealed that the inflorescence of Borassus flabellifer L., a completely unrelated plant species, is traded as Gajapippali owing to its morphological similarities. The botanical identity of...

Water mites of the genus Teutonia Koenike, 1889 are often common in cold montane lakes and pools of shaded streams and include the fastest swimmers among the water mites. This study provides the first-time calibrated phylogeny of this genus in Europe. Fossil-calibrated modelling reveals that the most recent common ancestor of the European Teutonia...

The authenticity of animal-based products is a significant concern when it comes to protecting consumer rights and ensuring accurate product labeling. Molecular techniques, such as DNA barcoding using the cytochrome b gene (Cyt b), are powerful tools for species identification. Our research addresses knowledge gaps in the authentication of cow's dr...

Here we describe a new hypopomid species, Microsternarchus javieri n. sp., encountered in flooded savanna streams of the Branco River and in terra-firme streams in the mid- and lower portions of the Negro River basin. We compared this new species with M. bilineatus from the San Bartolo River, Venezuela, and M. brevis from the upper portion of the N...

The banana skipper, Erionota torus Evans (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae, Hesperiinae, Erionotini) is a South-east Asian pest of banana that, in the last 60 years, has spread to the southern Philippines, Taiwan, Japan, India, Sri Lanka, Mauritius and La Réunion, and potentially threatens Africa and Tropical America. A partial library of DNA barcodes from...

Prior to this study, Myanmar was known to host 15 species of snakehead fishes (genus Channa) distributed across Southeast Asia. The region, characterized by its confluence of diverse river systems and two biodiversity hotspots, is presumed to have notable gaps in its biodiversity assessments. Recently, a new snakehead species, Channa shingon, was d...

Micropterigidae and Eriocraniidae are poorly investigated in Southern Europe. Despite the richness of the Italian territory, studies devoted to investigating their molecular diversity are lacking. Furthermore, knowledge concerning the diversity and species distribution of these families in southern Italian regions is very poor. The aim of this pape...

The research marks the first documented occurrence of Cordia diffusa in Kurumbapalayam, a location where it had not been reported previously. In this study, genomic markers were also utilized to document the endemic plant species Cordia diffusa K.C.Jacob of the Boraginaceae family. This study employed chloroplast markers such as matK, rbcL, and the...

Introduction Syringa plants are highly valued for their ornamental qualities. However, traditional morphological identification methods are inefficient for discriminating Syringa species. DNA barcoding has emerged as a powerful alternative for species identification, but research on Syringa DNA barcodes is still limited. Methods This study employe...

The polyopisthocotylan Microcotyle erythrini was first described from the common pandora (Pagellus erythrinus) collected off Brest, Northeast Atlantic, and subsequently recorded from various sparid hosts across the Mediterranean. Recent studies combining morphometric and molecular data resolved this complex into distinct species, including M. isyeb...

Sipuncula, specifically the family Aspidosiphonidae, faces taxonomic challenges due to brief original descriptions and the poor condition or loss of the type material. Detailed standardized redescriptions are essential to understanding the diversification in this group. Herein, a comprehensive redescription of Aspidosiphon (Paraspidosiphon) steenst...

Masked language modelling (MLM) as a pretraining objective has been widely adopted in genomic sequence modelling. While pretrained models can successfully serve as encoders for various downstream tasks, the distribution shift between pretraining and inference detrimentally impacts performance, as the pretraining task is to map [MASK] tokens to pred...

Quantifying the biodistribution of lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) is critical for optimizing mRNA delivery systems, yet current approaches have inherent limitations. This study introduces a cost-effective method utilizing double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) barcodes and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) for rapid analysis of a small library of mRNA...

As unimpacted freshwater environments decline worldwide, developing effective and accurate biomonitoring approaches is critical for detecting ecosystem deterioration and facilitating conservation efforts. Freshwater macroinvertebrate communities comprise several phyla and thus a broad taxonomic expertise is required to identify these precisely. Mol...

Stephania japonica, a popular indoor ornamental and medicinal plant widely found in southern China, contains many natural compounds with potential medicinal value. S. japonica is also favored by researchers for its ability to produce catharanthine. Energy metabolism functions in plant development, and the composition of mitochondrial genome is rega...

DNA barcoding has been proposed as a rapid and reliable tool for animal identification and species delineation. The 5’ end of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I gene (COI-5P) was sequenced for 318 specimens of 55 mantis species. Of these, 44 species had not been sequenced before, thus being new COI-5P barcode sequences to science. Another 61...

The negative ramifications of invasive alien species (IAS) are considered the second-most cause of biodiversity extinction and endangerment after habitat modification. IAS movements are mainly anthropogenically driven (e.g., transport of shipping containers) and require fast detection to minimize damage and cost. The present study is the first to u...

Transitions between subsets of differentiating hematopoietic cells are widely regarded as unidirectional in vivo . Here, we introduce clonal phylogenetic tracer (CP-tracer) that sequentially introduces genetic barcodes, enabling high-resolution analysis of ∼100,000 subclones derived from ∼500 individual hematopoietic stem cells (HSC). This revealed...

Scaphium scaphigerum (Wall. ex G. Don) G. Planch. is a threatened medicinal tree of Bangladesh, belonging to the family Malvaceae. This study unveiled the first chloroplast genome of the species, spanning 160,927 bp with a GC content of 36.89%. The plastome exhibited the typical orbicular quadripartite structure of angiosperms, consisting of a pair...

Background/Objectives: Fish are vital in the Mediterranean diet, offering protein, nutrients, and ω-3 fatty acids. Greek consumers favor wild-caught, high-value fish like the dusky grouper (Epinephelus marginatus) classified as “vulnerable” and the white grouper (Epinephelus aeneus) classified as “near threatened” species, according to the IUCN Red...

This study uses morphometric and molecular analyses to explore the diversity of the Coccinellidae family in Swat District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. A total of 365 ladybird beetle specimens were collected from various tehsils, leading to the identification of ten species across nine genera, including Coccinella transversalis, Coccinella septemp...

The consumption of edible insects is a promising approach to meet the increasing global demand for food. Commercialization of edible insects in the EU is regulated by the Novel Food regulation. To date, the yellow mealworm (Tenebrio molitor larva), the migratory locust (Locusta migratoria), the house cricket (Acheta domesticus), and the buffalo wor...

Timber adulteration, illegal harvesting, and logging of legally protected timber species are a major threat to biodiversity. Identifying and differentiating low-value timber species from high-grade ones is a prerequisite to combat timber-related crimes. Timber adulteration can be detected by techniques such as DNA barcoding. However, these techniqu...

The noctuid genus Supralathosea Barnes & Benjamin (Noctuidae, Oncocnemidinae) is revised to include three species for the United States of America, Supralathosea baboquivariensis Barnes & Benjamin from southeast Arizona, Supralathosea yavapaisp. nov. from central Arizona, and Supralathosea solastellasp. nov. from Texas. Two genera are described for...

Among mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae), the genus Culex Linnaeus is one of the most diverse in the world and includes numerous known vector species of parasites and viruses to humans. Morphological identification of Culex species is notoriously difficult and relies mostly on the examination of properly dissected male genitalia which largely prevents...

Aim: The Anopheles sub pictus species complex is an important malaria vector across several regions,includingIndia. Accurateidentificationandcharacterizationofitsmembersareessential for effective vector surveillance and malaria control. This study aims to investigate the Morphologically different species within the Anopheles complex to improve spec...

The Banyan Leaf Skeletonizer moth, Choreutis sexfasciella (Sauber, 1902) (Lepidoptera: Choreutidae), is reported from Cyprus for the first time from Ficus microcarpa L.fil. and F. benjamina L. trees in urban areas of Larnaca, Limassol, and Paphos. C. sexfasciella was originally described from the Philippines and has rapidly extended its range in th...

Globally, freshwater ecosystems are threatened. Research progress concerning African freshwater snails was reviewed using a systematic review process. Since 1757, the number of publications produced has increased, particularly in the last decade. In the first 50 years (1757–1800), 0.1% of publications on freshwater snails in Africa were conducted,...

Nanhaia speciosa is a valuable industrial crop known for its significant edible and medicinal properties, attributed to its abundance of secondary metabolites. This study aims to elucidate the genetic relationships among N. speciosa, enhance species identification accuracy, and select genetically stable, high-quality germplasms of N. speciosa. To a...

While DNA barcoding methods are an increasingly important tool in biological conservation, the resource requirements of constructing reference libraries frequently reduce their efficacy. One efficient way of sourcing taxonomically validated DNA for reference libraries is to use museum collections. However, DNA degradation intrinsic to historical mu...

DNA barcoding is a taxonomic technique used to detect the specie and establish phylogenetic relationship with other species. There is a great utility of using the DNA fragment for function as barcode. There is a specific DNA for each specie and by scanning such barcode, we easily identify the specific characteristic of any organism. DNA barcode is...

The genus Ruellia L. belongs to this family and its plants are herbs or shrubs. This genus was first detected in the tropical and subtropical regions. The primary objective this study is to identify the various species within the genus Ruellia using both morphological characteristics and DNA barcoding methods. For this purpose, plant samples were m...

Rubus, belonging to the Rosaceae family, is recognized for its considerable medicinal properties. However, the genus's extensive diversity renders traditional morphological classification and universal DNA barcoding methods inadequate for precise Rubus species identification. This study compared the complete chloroplast (cp) genomes of 29 Rubus spe...

The genus Phortica (Diptera: Drosophilidae) includes five species of small flies in Europe. Phortica variegata, the zoophilic fruit fly, is the main vector of Thelazia callipaeda, a zoonotic parasite that is rapidly spreading througout Europe. Despite extensive studies on thelaziosis in animals and humans, there is limited knowledge about the geogr...

Background Many molluscan species exhibit a high degree of shell morphological plasticity in their shape (including sculptures), size and colour patterns, which can vary significantly depending on environmental conditions. These shell morphological variations make it challenging to differentiate species, based on morphology alone, often resulting i...

The genus Cymbidium, with its intricate floral elements, pronounced endemicity, and patchy distribution, evolves a rich diversity of morphological forms and a wide variety of species while causing an indistinctness in the classification of its species. To elucidate the phylogenetic relationships among Cymbidium species and enhance their taxonomic c...

Simple Summary The genus Ambulyx Westwood, 1847 (Lepidoptera, Sphingidae, Smerinthinae, Macroglossini) currently comprises 57 species, 18 of which are found in China, among which complex and confusing taxonomic issues have long existed. We performed an analysis of the Ambulyx species of China based on a 658 bp region of the COI mitochondrial gene (...

Background There been increasing interest in polymetallic nodule mining within the Clarion-Clipperton Zone (CCZ). Polymetallic nodule mining within NORI-D will release a sediment plume within the water column and a previous mining collector test within the Nauru Ocean Resources Inc. (NORI-D) contract area released surface pollution from mining tail...

This manual on Integrated Taxonomic Techniques for Marine Biodiversity Conservation, has been developed to provide a practical and systematic guide for researchers, students, and conservation practitioners. It bridges the gap between classical taxonomy and contemporary methodologies, encompassing morphological identification, molecular tools such a...

Vector control remains an important strategy worldwide to prevent human infection with pathogens transmitted by arthropods. Vector control strategies rely on accurate identification of vector taxa along with vector‐specific biological indicators such as feeding ecology, infection prevalence and insecticide resistance. Multiple ‘DNA barcoding’ proto...

Honey is a valuable and nutritious food product, and its popularity is increasing globally driven by consumers demand for a healthier and more sustainable diet. However, honey is at risk of fraudulent practices such as the addition of exogenous sugars in the form of cheaper plant-based syrups including corn, rice, and sugar beet syrup. Honey authen...

Background and Objective: Strawberry (Fragaria spp.) is known for producing fruit with high economic value and significant nutritional content. Recently, the growing diversity of cultivated strawberries in Indonesia has made it challenging to distinguish the original characteristics of early ancestors and identify superior traits. The DNA barcoding...

Simple Summary The Danube Clouded Yellow (Colias myrmidone) is a species that is under special conservation concern in Europe. The reasons for its quick and dramatic decline and local extirpations are not fully understood; genetic data are vital to understanding these reasons. We studied the last two neighboring populations from Central Europe—one...

The invasive hornet Vespa velutina Lepeletier, which first invaded South Korea in 2003, has spread throughout the country, significantly affecting apiaries, ecosystems, and human health. Xenos spp. (Xenidae, Strepsiptera) are primarily parasitic to social wasps, with V. analis being the only known host in Korea. Until recently, no parasites or para...

Species interactions are challenging to quantify, particularly when they happen cryptically. Molecular methods have become a key tool to uncover these interactions when they leave behind a DNA trace from the interacting organism ( e.g ., pollen on a bee) or when the taxa are still present but morphologically challenging to identify ( e.g ., microbi...

Environmental DNA from bulk materials can be analyzed to gain an understanding of the bacterial, fungal, plant, and/or arthropod communities present. DNA metabarcoding is widely used to characterize these biological communities, by amplifying “barcode” regions and sequencing these amplicons via next-generation sequencing. The Earth Microbiome Proje...

The DNA barcode is a technique for molecular identification of species. Two core genes, matK and rbcL, are widely used for land plants. In this technique, the selection of primers is a fundamental step for the success of amplification. Then, we aim to evaluate the primer amplification capability for the DNA barcode regions rbcL and matK. We extract...

We are entering the sixth mass extinction with little data for “dark taxa”, although they comprise most species. Much of the neglect is due to the fact that conventional taxonomic methods struggle with handling thousands of specimens belonging to hundreds of species. We thus here propose a new strategy that we call “dark taxonomy”. It addresses (i)...

Mislabeling of shark and swordfish meat poses a substantial challenge to conservation of rapidly declining pelagic shark populations in the North Atlantic, so routine market assessments are critical. New England’s southern region of Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island is a region with historic reliance on fisheries and contemporary cultura...

Indonesia is famous with megabiodiversity countries or high diversity both flora and fauna. Among the amount types of flora, of course many of which are morphology seen same, will but after seen in a way anatomy or physiology different. Therefore that, it is necessary done identification in a way deep through Use of DNA Barcode for know difference...

Recently, there is enormous growth in insect related research data due to quick advancements in biological sciences, thereby requiring computational methods for efficient storage, organisation and analysis. Bioinformatics field has made a substantial contribution to agricultural research by integrating biology, data analytics and computer science....

Fish are diverse aquatic organisms, economically significant as a primary source of food and nutrients. Accurate species identification is crucial for conservation, taxonomy and management. This study combined morphological and COI gene-based approaches to identify and characterize fish diversity from three locations in Malakand Division, Khyber Pa...

Traditionally, classifying species has required taxonomic experts to carefully examine unique physical characteristics, a time-intensive and complex process. Machine learning offers a promising alternative by utilizing computational power to detect subtle distinctions more quickly and accurately. This technology can classify both known (described)...