Cyclones - Science topic

In recent years, most of the research on typhoon in Fujian Province of China has stayed in the typhoon wave simulation under the influence of wind fields. In order to study the influence of land terrain on typhoon wave fields, the terrain height parameters are introduced into the wind field simulation through the third-generation typhoon wave numer...

In this paper, the effect of geographical location on Cyclone Global Navigation Satellite System (CYGNSS) observables is demonstrated for the first time. It is found that the observables corresponding to the same wind speed vary with geographic location regularly. Although latitude and longitude information is included in the conventional method, i...

General circulation of Persian Gulf has a cyclonic pattern that affected by tide, wind stress and thermohaline force. Although tidal force is very effective in values of current speed, but thermohaline force is dominant in long time because tidal forcing has a short period and returning nature. Tide and density parameters are important in navigatin...

Tropical cyclones rank as one of the worst disasters in Bangladesh, a low-lying delta in South Asia, which often encounters a broad variety of hydro-meteorological disasters. Around 26% of the entire population resides in the 19 coastal districts, which cover 32% of the total geographical area. Storm surges and strong winds associated with cyclones...

The Collatz Conjecture proposed in 1937 by German mathematician Lothar Collatz remains unsolved. It states that: let ℕ be the set of all positive integers and n ϵ ℕ, then: any positive integer n will collapse to 1 by applying the rules of the conjecture: 3n+1 (for odd numbers) and n/2 (for even numbers). In this work, a new conjecture was stated fr...

The potential changes in the characteristics and damage potential of three of the most damaging tropical cyclone (TC) events (Haiyan 2013, Bopha 2012, Mangkhut 2018) in the Philippines have been simulated using the pseudo global warming (PGW) technique. Simulations were performed using the Weather Research and Forecasting model at 5 km resolution w...

It is shown that the use of solid biomass as a renewable energy source is relevant for the production of thermal energy and electrical energy. but the burning of biomass is accompanied by the release of a significant amount of ash into the environment. The need to organize the primary cleaning of waste gases of heat generators in cyclone dust colle...

Mangrove ecosystems have high ecological and economic value mainly because of their ability to sequester large amounts of carbon and protect shorelines. Monitoring such ecosystems with earth observation data analytics is necessary to achieve deeper insight and subsequent conservation strategies. The Sundarbans is the world’s largest contiguous mang...

Given the constraints associated with grid expansion costs, limited access to reliable electricity, and priorities in addressing the climate agenda and Sustainable Development Goals in low-income countries, microgrids and off-grid solar projects represent a viable solution for rural electrification. This type of solution has the advantage of being...

We use United Kingdom Earth System Model simulations from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 6 to analyze the Ross Gyre (RG) dynamics during the historical 1850–2014 period and under two contrasting future climate‐change scenarios. The modeled RG is relatively stable, with an extent and strength that agree with observations. The projections...

The Arctic cyclone is an active weather system in the Arctic, and the Arctic extreme cyclone (AEC) strongly influences polar weather. Thus, many studies have focused on the activity of AEC and its relationship with large-scale circulation in the Arctic. In this study, Arctic cyclones were detected using the ERA5 Reanalysis data from 1979 to 2020, a...

The decadal variability of the summer extreme precipitation over southern China (EPSC) is remarkable, especially for the significant decadal enhancement after the 1990s. The study documented that the summer sea surface temperature (SST) over the North Atlantic and spring sea ice concentration (SIC) over the East Siberian Sea can significantly affec...

Background: This paper presents and discusses the results of the determination of elemental carbon emitted in diesel engine exhaust into the air of workplaces where machines and equipment with diesel engines are used. In order to assess occupational exposure to elemental carbon (EC) as a marker of exhaust gases emitted by diesel engines, 51 ground...

Eddy-freshwater interaction is studied in the north Bay of Bengal (BoB) with a high-resolution simulation using the Regional Ocean Modeling System. Following observations, the model simulates the trapping and homogenization of river water by a cyclonic mesoscale eddy on a sub-monthly time scale from October-November of 2015. As fresh river water is...

The contribution of lake-climate feedback to sustain the Green Sahara in the mid-Holocene (MH, 6000 years ago) is still under debate. To assess the lake-induced climate response over North Africa, we investigated the roles of Western Sahara lakes and Megalake Chad using reconstructions of MH Sahara lake maps as surface boundary conditions for the i...

The mangrove dominated Indian Sundarbans possesses several types of habitats like estuaries, mudflats, swamps, tidal creeks, inlets etc. [1]. The temperature is not extreme in summer and winter seasons due to its proximity to the Bay of Bengal in the southern part of the deltaic complex. Average annual maximum temperature is around 27 0 C. The prem...

Malvina Cyclone.pdf

Using the layered circulation in the South China Sea (SCS) as an example, a process‐oriented simulation was conducted to explore how the lateral exchanging current and basin circulation responded to the contrasting mixing in the marginal sea‐open ocean system and to the internal modulation over basin slope. Under conditions of intensified turbulent...

In order to explore the improvement of radar radial velocity data assimilation on the initial and forecast fields of typhoons, this study assimilates the quality-controlled radial velocity data in the case of Typhoon Linfa (2015) using the three-dimensional variational data assimilation system of the weather research and forecasting model (WRF-3DVA...

The tropospheric ozone depletion event (ODE), first observed at Barrow (now known as Utqiaġvik), Alaska, is a phenomenon that frequently occurs during the springtime in the Arctic. In this study, we performed a three-dimensional model study on ODEs occurring at Barrow and its surrounding areas between 28 March and 6 April 2019 using a 3-D multi-sca...

Fish poisoning (FP) affects human health, trade and livelihood in Fiji, where management has depended mainly on traditional ecological knowledge (TEK). This paper investigated and documented this TEK through a 2-day stakeholder workshop, group consultation, in-depth interviews, field observations, and analyses of survey data from the Ministry of Fi...

Although ocean surface currents are not accounted for in most wave modeling studies, recent works have demonstrated that ocean circulation features may have a great impact on surface gravity waves. In this case study, we coupled in a one‐way mode the hydrodynamic model Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS) and the wave model Simulating WAves Nearsh...

Climate and extreme hydrometeorological studies are required to reduce risk and vulnerabilities. This study uses different cumulus and microphysics schemes in Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model to simulate heavy rainfall events and Cyclone Sidr in Bangladesh, where many extreme events occur. Results show that WRF can capture the cyclone t...

Here we investigate properties of ocean eddies in the key Arctic region of the northern Greenland Sea and the Fram Strait using visible and infrared Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Aqua data acquired from April to September in 2007 and 2018–2020. We infer eddy properties using visual identification and automated processing of...

The northeastern part of the cyclonic Rim Current, which encircles the entire basin of the Black Sea, is named as the Northeast Caucasian Current. It periodically approaches the coast, triggering the formation of topographic generated eddies, including long-living isolated anticyclonic eddies and short-living multiple anticyclonic eddies, which gro...

Using satellite sea surface temperature (SST) and chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) as well as observation‑based reconstruction of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) from 1996 to 2015, we analyzed the composite patterns of physical and biochemical variables over eddies in the Southern Ocean (SO). Interestingly, eddy modulation...

In 2019, the southern region of Eastern Siberia (located between 45° N and 60° N) experienced heavy floods, while the northern region (between 60° N and 75° N) saw intense forest fires that lasted for almost the entire summer, from 25 June to 12 August. To investigate the causes of these natural disasters, we analyzed the large-scale features of at...

Upper Ganga (UG) and Sharda are two river basins in Uttarakhand, India that are situated in the western Himalayan region. Previous studies revealed that these basins are prone to high seasonal rainfall (more than 100 cm) and substantial interannual variations during the southwest monsoon season. However, synoptic situations causing heavy rainfall e...

The Arctic is warming much faster than the global average. This is known as Arctic Amplification and is caused by feedbacks in the local climate system. In this study, we explore a previously proposed hypothesis that an associated wind feedback in the Barents Sea could play an important role by increasing the warm water inflow into the Barents Sea....

We examined the Cyclone Global Navigation Satellite System (CYGNSS) retrievals of surface wind speeds and enthalpy fluxes in African easterly waves that led to the formation of 30 Atlantic tropical cyclones during 2018–2021. Lag composites show a cyclonic proto‐vortex as early as 3 days prior to tropical cyclogenesis. The enthalpy flux distribution...

The Northeast Pacific (NEP) had two record-breaking marine heatwave events (MHWs) in the winters of 2013–2015 and summer of 2019, which had a detrimental impact on the fisheries, marine ecosystems, and climate in North America. Here, we investigated the cause of sea surface temperature (SST) variability in NEP during late spring–summer of 1981–2020...

Owing to the East Asian summer monsoon, extreme precipitation occurred frequently over the Yangtze River Basin (YRB), leading to flooding and secondary disasters. Therefore, understanding the physical mechanism and seeking predictability sources of extreme precipitation in the YRB are of scientific and practical importance. The present study examin...

Biomass is normally a poor thermal conductor with high moisture content. These characteristics not only reduce the calorific value of biomass, but also promote the formation of coke and non-condensable gas during subsequent thermal processing. However, the commercial application of biomass is limited to the high energy and time consumption during d...

Surface waves generated by Extra-Tropical Cyclones (ETCs) can significantly affect shipping, fishing, offshore oil and gas production and other marine activities. This paper presents results of satellite-data-based investigation of wind waves generated by two North Atlantic ETCs. These ETCs were fast-moving systems, inhibiting resonance (synchronis...

Weather prediction is the hottest topic in remote sensing to understand natural disasters and their intensity in an early stage. But in many cases, the typical imaging models have resulted in less forecasting rate. Hence, to overcome this problem, a novel buffalo-based Generalized Adversarial Cyclone Intensity Prediction System (BGACIPS) was design...

In a previous companion study, satellite data were used to describe peculiar characteristics of ocean surface wave fields, generated by two extra-tropical cyclones (ETCs) rapidly propagating in the North Atlantic. Based on a 2D parametric wave model, further details are now provided to analyse and interpret the spatio-temporal evolution of ETC very...

Shrimp farms in the states of West Bengal and Odisha suffered extensive damage after a major cyclone made landfall in India's eastern coast last year. The agricultural industry in West Bengal was severely impacted by the cyclone Yaas. The farms won't be used to produce shrimp until the end of the year due to floods brought on by the cyclone. A tota...

Citation: Al-Mutairi, M.; Labban, A.; Abdeldym, A.; Abdel Basset, H. Trend Analysis and Fluctuations of Winter Temperature over Saudi Arabia. Climate 2023, 11, 67. Abstract: The aim of this work is to study the variability of winter (monthly mean of DJF) air temperatures in Saudi Arabia. The study of the coefficient of variation (CV) of winter air...

In this study, the author examined the tropical cyclone (TC) activity over the southern hemisphere (SH) and its relationship with tropical climate modes, such as the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), during the austral summer (December–January–February; DJF) and fall (March–April–May; MAM). The correlation analysis between the TC activity and th...

A Very Severe Cyclonic Storm ‘Yaas’ developed over the Bay of Bengal (BoB) on 23 May 2021 and crossed over the Odisha coast on 26 May with maximum sustained wind speed of 75 kts. Herein, a pathway has been developed and exemplified for ‘Yaas’ through three-stage cyclone-induced hazard tracking. Days before the cyclone formation, cyclone genesis pot...

Extreme wind gusts cause major socioeconomic damage, and the rarity and localised nature of those events make their analysis challenging by either modelling or empirical approaches. A 23-year long data record from 29 automatic weather stations located in New South Wales (eastern Australia) is used to study the distribution, frequency and average re...

The wave activity flux representing the energy propagation direction of planetary Rossby wave generally originates from a large wave source area. This study investigates the interdecadal variability and formation mechanism of Rossby wave source over the Tibetan Plateau (TP-RWS) and its impact on the atmospheric circulation and precipitation pattern...

The Bay of Bengal and Arabian Sea are annually exposed to severe tropical cyclones, which impose massive infrastructure damages and cause the loss of life in coastal regions. Cyclone Shaheen originally generated in the Bay of Bengal in 2021 and translated a rare east-to-west path toward the Arabian Sea. Although the cyclone’s wind field can be obta...

Small Island Nations, often comprised of Atolls, are at considerable risk of climate change impacts from sea-level rise to coral acidification to increasing cyclone intensity; understanding how they will change in the coming century is vital for climate mitigation and resiliency. However, the morphology of atolls are not well quantified or summariz...

Wave-mean flow interaction is usually regarded as accounting for the origin of the Arctic Oscillation/Northern Hemisphere Annular Mode (AO/NAM). It is inferred that the combination of the local wave-mean flow interactions at the AO/NAM’s three regional centers of action on three important time scales contributes to the main behavior of the AO/NAM i...

In cyclone separators, the asymmetrical coherent structure significantly influences the velocity fluctuations and hence the cyclone performance. This asymmetric rotating vortex in the core region precesses around the cyclone axis with a frequency that depends on the cyclone geometry and operating conditions. In the present work, we studied the impa...

The attention of the scientific community, policymakers, and public opinion on the Medicanes has recently grown because of their increase in intensity and harmful potential. Although Medicanes may be influenced by pre-existing upper-ocean conditions, uncertainties remain about how such weather extremes influence ocean circulation. This work examine...

Pacific Meridional Mode (PMM) is known to be significantly correlated with tropical cyclone (TC) genesis over the western North Pacific (WNP), while the stability of their relationship remains unknown. Here we found that their relationship is nonstationary, which depends on the phase of Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO). During the PDO warm phases,...

Frequent fishing activities are causing overfishing, destroying the habitat of marine life, and threatening global marine biodiversity. Understanding the dynamics of fishing activities and their drivers is crucial for designing and implementing effective ocean management. The fishing activities in the open sea are reported to be characterized by hi...

Despite being relatively rare, Mediterranean tropical-like cyclones, also known as Medicanes, induce significant impacts on coastal Mediterranean areas. Under climate change, it is possible that these effects will increase in frequency and severity. Currently, there is only a broad understanding of the types and mechanisms of these impacts. This wo...

Soil salinization, which occurs mainly in arid and coastal regions, hampers agricultural development, and threatens food security in these regions. Therefore, acquiring the spatial distribution of soil salinization with high accuracy is paramount. However, obstacles continue to hinder attempts to use satellite remote sensing. Cyclone Global Navigat...

Purpose This study aims to propose iStage, i.e. an intelligent hybrid deep learning (DL)-based framework to determine the stage of the disaster to make the right decisions at the right time. Design/methodology/approach iStage acquires data from the Twitter platform and identifies the social media message as pre, during, post-disaster or irrelevant...

The practicability of a pyrometallurgical scheme for raw material processing is established as a result of the analysis of methods intended to dearsenate and process gold-arsenic concentrates as well as equipment for the process execution. The conceptual design of vacuum equipment without forced movement of the dispersed material in the sublimator...

In 2022, South China suffered severe flooding due to unexpected persistent heavy rainfall in the pre-flood season. The in situ cumulative precipitation amount during May–June in South China broke the record established in 1981. The present study ascribed this record-breaking event to extreme warm sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTAs) in the Nor...

Tropical cyclones (TCs) simulated at gray-zone resolution (9 km) in the Advanced Research version of the Weather Research and Forecasting Model (WRF-ARW) are evaluated over the Western North Pacific (WNP) during 11-year (2008–2018) TC seasons (June–November). The effects of the cumulus parameterization (CPS) are tested with two sets of numerical ex...

Almost every year, the territory of Ukraine is affected by drought of different intensity and duration, what is a favourable condition for wildfires. In the forest areas of the country arose about 106.8 thousand fires with a total area of 139.2 thousand hectares during 1990-2017. An analysis of the long-term dynamics shows that wildfires in Ukraine...

The imperative for vulnerable populations to adapt to greater environmental variability is increasing in lockstep with the onset of wide‐ranging climate change impacts. However, while critical adaptation research emphasizes the necessity of addressing the underlying drivers of vulnerability to climate change, mainstream approaches to adaptation str...

Geostrophic currents derived from altimetry are used to investigate the surface circulation in the western tropical Atlantic over the 1993–2017 period. Using six horizontal sections defined to capture the current branches of the study area, we investigate their respective variations at both seasonal and interannual timescales, as well as the spatia...

The Patagonian Icefields (Northern and Southern Patagonian Icefield) are the largest ice masses in the Andes Cordillera. Despite its importance, little is known about the main mechanisms that underpin the interaction between these ice masses and climate. Furthermore, the nature of large-scale climatic control over the surface mass variations of the...