Science topics: Environmental EconomicsCost-Benefit Analysis
Science topic
Cost-Benefit Analysis - Science topic
A method of comparing the cost of a program with its expected benefits in dollars (or other currency). The benefit-to-cost ratio is a measure of total return expected per unit of money spent. This analysis generally excludes consideration of factors that are not measured ultimately in economic terms. Cost effectiveness compares alternative ways to achieve a specific set of results.
Publications related to Cost-Benefit Analysis (10,000)
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This interdisciplinary approach underscores the complexity and the necessity for a broad skill set among medical professionals involved in these procedures, ensuring that the procedure is comprehensive and precise. Discussing the necessary training protocols and the time required for surgeons to attain proficiency with HRR would be beneficial. This...
As network service requirements and computational complexity continue to increase, efficient resource management and optimization techniques are essential to ensure performance and scalability. In the context of edge cloud networks, there are computational challenges associated with optimal path selection and resource allocation. This paper explore...
The growing complexity of global supply chains, rising environmental demands, and the need for efficient resource utilization have transformed transport packaging into a critical component of product safety and sustainability. Corrugated board packaging, once considered merely a passive transport container, is now being redefined through digital to...
Under the wave of digital transformation in the construction industry, the cost engineering sector is undergoing systemic changes driven by technological integration. This paper constructs a "technology application-process reengineering-value reconstruction" analytical model to reveal the disruptive impact of technologies like BIM and big data on c...
In Brazil, new strategies aligned with Pan American Health Organization guidelines are being adopted to combat cervical cancer. One approach is screening women every five years using real-time PCR tests to detect oncogenic HPV DNA. Now, screening is performed using conventional cytology in women aged 25 to 64, with triennial tests. The present stud...
Ex ante, my primary concerns were about implementation across the wide expanse of federal applications, supporting the supplemental use of distributional weighting, trying to find a supportable middle ground on discounting using the expected value of bounds and a more consistent scope of analysis. Ex post, I felt heard if not followed, perhaps not...
Exposed subsea pipelines subject to high pressure and high temperature (HP/HT) develop significant compressive axial force and may buckle on seabed. In cases where the pipeline limit states within on-bottom rogue buckles do not meet the design criteria, a buckle initiation strategy is defined in order to regularly control the lateral buckling behav...
Objective
This study aims to assess the cost-effectiveness of adebrelimab in combination with chemotherapy as a first-line treatment for extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) from the Chinese medical perspective.
Methods
We have designed a partitioned survival model. The model integrates clinical information pertaining to overall surviv...
Objectives
Treatment with timed bright light and exogenous melatonin has been shown to effectively advance the sleep-wake rhythm in patients with Delayed Sleep-Wake Phase Disorder (DSWPD). However, the treatment protocol is demanding, which may negatively affect treatment adherence. The objective of the present study was thus to explore how young a...
Sorghum is crucial for food and income generation in semiarid regions, but unreliable rainfall and poor farming practices negatively impact yields. Effective soil management practices can restore fertility and increase sorghum production. This study investigated the effects of incorporating crop residues (Lablab purpureus L.) and sorghum (Sorghum b...
Introduction
Men who have sex with men (MSM) have a high risk of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and HPV-related diseases. While gender neutral HPV vaccination between the ages of 9–14 years (with the option for catch-up between 15- and 17-years-of-age) has been recommended in Germany since 2018, adult MSM are currently not included and thus d...
Objectives
Recently, NRG-GY018 clinical trial demonstrated that adding pembrolizumab to chemotherapy led to significantly longer progression-free survival than chemotherapy alone in the first-line treatment of advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer (a/rEC). This analysis aimed to estimate the cost-effectiveness of pembrolizumab plus paclitaxel pl...
Objectives
To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of supplemental breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in women with BI-RADS 4 mammographic microcalcifications in order to avoid unnecessary stereotactic biopsies.
Methods
Decision analysis and Markov modeling were used to compare the short-term costs and effects of two diagnostic strategies: supplem...
Background
Liver malignancies, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), present significant treatment challenges, with limited curative options available. Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) has emerged as a minimally invasive therapeutic approach for early-stage HCC, offering comparable survival benefits to surgical resections in some patients. However...
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang sistem transportasi bus kampus di UNIKA Santu Paulus Ruteng guna meningkatkan efisiensi, kenyamanan, dan aksesibilitas bagi mahasiswa serta staf. Studi ini menganalisis pola perjalanan, menentukan rute strategis, titik pemberhentian, jumlah armada, serta kelayakan ekonomi dan lingkungan dari layanan bus kamp...
The study was conducted during rabiseason of 2022-23 and 2023-24 at the Vegetable Research Centre, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, U.S.Nagar, Uttarakhand. The experiments were conducted on vegetable pea, variety Pant Sabji Matar-3. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Block Design with nine treatments and repl...
Optimizing treatment for people with opioid use disorder (OUD) represents a critical priority to ameliorate the ongoing opioid crisis in the United States (U.S.). While methadone offered in an office environment (MO) is not currently approved by U.S. regulators, its proof of concept has been demonstrated elsewhere. The U.S.-based health economic li...
Availability of ultraportable chest x-ray (CXR) and advancements in artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled CXR interpretation are promising developments in tuberculosis (TB) active case finding (ACF) but costing and cost-effectiveness analyses are limited. We provide implementation cost and cost-effectiveness estimates of different screening algorith...
Improper or inadequate mineral nutrition is a major issue in cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.) production globally. Therefore, the development of balanced fertilization strategies is essential for sustainable cotton production. This study assessed the impacts of soil-applied potassium (K) doses (K 0 = 0, K 70 = 70, K 140 = 140, and K 210 = 210 kg ha...
Objective
Epilepsy is a common condition associated with significant morbidity, mortality, and costs. Poor documentation of seizures is a major challenge in epilepsy care. Objective seizure counting with mobile devices may mitigate this challenge and improve patient management. The aim of this study is to investigate whether ultra long‐term subcuta...
This study evaluates the production of sugar beet in Iran, focusing on material and energy flow costs to identify critical points of high energy consumption and costs to enhance production sustainability. The Material and Energy Flow Cost Accounting (MEFCA) method, in line with ISO 14051 standards, was used for this analysis. Data were collected fr...
Objectives
This study aims to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of toripalimab combined with chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone as a first-line treatment for advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) from the perspective of U.S. healthcare payers.
Methods
A 10-year partitioned survival model was developed using survival data from the JU...
Introduction
Imported 2 v, 4 v, and 9vHPV vaccines are costly in China, whereas the domestic 2vHPV is more affordable. This study aimed to summarize cost-effectiveness evidence by pooling the incremental net monetary benefit (INB) of HPV vaccination for girls in China.
Methods
We searched PubMed, Embase®, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases fro...
Background: Two COVID-19 oral antivirals (COAVs), Molnupiravir and Paxlovid, have been shown to be cost-effective in high-income countries. Aim: This study assesses the cost-effectiveness of Paxlovid and Molnupiravir, compared to usual care in three African countries. Setting: The study was conducted using data from Ghana, Rwanda and Zambia. Method...
Aim
This study seeks to assess the reporting quality of published health economic evaluations (HEEs) on vaccination and pharmaceuticals for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID‐19), and identify potential predictors associated with reporting quality.
Methods
A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, the Cochrane Li...
The solar industry is booming worldwide, providing stable and secure energy while combating environmental threats. Investments in renewable energy are increasingly overtaking investments in all other forms of energy, according to statistics. This report assesses the potential for investment in commercial and industrial-scale solar plants in Iran. T...
Background
Most European countries offer human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination through organised immunisation programmes, but the choice of vaccine varies. We compared the expected health and economic effects of the currently used bivalent vaccine, targeting HPV-16/18, and the nonavalent vaccine, targeting seven additional genotypes, for the Nethe...
Traditional exchange systems of the western Pacific figure prominently in anthropological scholarship. In contrast, those of the east have been historically considered inconsequential, but recent scholarship (reviewed here) demonstrates this is not the case. Although less visible given the lack of metallurgy, ceramics, and distinctive geologies, ex...
The study was conducted during kharif, April–November, 2023 in the Department of Vegetable Science, Dr YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India to explore the potential of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria, Bacillus safensis, on growth and yield of ginger (cv. Solan Giriganga). The trial was laid o...
Influenza in France causes, on average, more than 1 million primary care consultations, 20,000 hospitalizations, and 9000 deaths annually. Adults over 50 years of age face higher risks of severe influenza due to increasing chronic conditions associated with aging, yet vaccination rates in this group are low, as recommendations start from age 65. Th...
The optimal row patterns in maize-soybean intercropping enhance resource use efficiency, land productivity and profitability, promoting sustainability in resource-limited regions. The experiment was conducted at the CAU Research Farm in Imphal, Manipur, during the kharif season of 2022-23. Seven treatments were tested, including sole soybean, sole...
Background
Urinary tract stone disease is quite common in the population, and treatment modalities are constantly evolving. Technological advancements in endourology have led to a shift towards more minimally invasive treatments. Nowadays, robotic flexible ureteroscopy is becoming increasingly popular, showing promising results. This systematic rev...
Nobel Prize winner Daniel Kahneman’s last published paper is an adversarial collaboration in which he and Matthew Killingsworth reconcile conflicting empirical results from their previous research on income and reported happiness, with Barbara Mellers as a facilitator. The empirical results use quantile regression to allow for measured income heter...
Purpose
This paper focuses on the relevance of cost-benefit considerations in case of seismic retrofitting of cultural heritage. Particular attention is paid to historic monuments in Egypt, and on the Religions Complex in Old Cairo. This multidisciplinary study explores methods that have been used in the past, to draw up a preliminary concept of pr...
In West Africa, water is considered an essential commodity for agricultural activities. This
is more than necessary during the dry season, hence the construction of hydro-agricultural
structures to store large quantities of water for a variety of purposes. This study
specifically employs the Farm Sustainability Indicators method (IDEA, 2023) to rig...
Simple Summary: Monkeypox is a disease that spreads between animals and humans 28 and has become a growing concern around the world. In Nigeria, where people often live 29 and work closely with animals and the environment, it is important to understand how 30 professionals in health, veterinary, and environmental fields think about and respond to 3...
The present study investigated the influence of GA3 and BA on the growth dynamics, floral development, and bulb formation in the L.A. Hybrid Lilium cultivar under polyhouse conditions at the Horticulture Research Farm, SHUATS, Prayagraj, during the period November 2024 to March 2025. A Randomized Block Design (RBD) with nine treatments and three re...
Aims
The aim of this study was to estimate the additional cost per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) of robotic-assisted total knee arthroplasty (rTKA) compared to manually performed total knee arthroplasty (mTKA).
Methods
An economic evaluation was undertaken from the UK NHS and personal social services perspective, alongside a randomized control...
The Progressive Ratio (PR) schedule is a popular test for measuring the motivational value of a reinforcer, in which subjects must exert an increasing amount of work to obtain each successive reward. Despite its popularity, the PR task hinges on a low-dimensional behavioral readout — breakpoint, or the maximum work requirement subjects are willing...
This technical report analyzes early mortality from heart disease, stroke, and diabetes in South Florida. It highlights racial and geographic disparities, calculates Years of Potential Life Lost (YPLL), and presents a cost-benefit model for mobile screening clinics. The report proposes a ZIP-code-based rollout and includes stakeholder insights, fol...
Background: The European Society of Medical Oncology (ESMO) describes supportive Care as an area of high importance in oncology. Enhanced Supportive Care (ESC) is a core component of supportive care in the UK. Starting initially as part of a national Commission for Quality and Innovation (CQUIN) in 2016, ESC services have been developed across UK t...
This study investigates the sociotechnical factors shaping Software-Defined Networking (SDN) adoption within a major African Internet Service Provider (ISP). Employing a qualitative, single case-study, we conducted semi-structured interviews with network professionals across provisioning, support, automation, and core teams. Using a thematic analys...
Healthcare spending on prescription medicine is increasing, leading to a focus on value for money based on real-world effects. The implication is that innovative new medicine with low evidence struggle with reimbursement. Innovative pricing agreements (IPAs) based on actual treatment performance can accommodate the likelihood of reimbursement, as f...
Purpose
Gastric cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths in Central America, where Helicobacter pylori infection is highly prevalent. This study aimed to assess the association between regular use of aspirin (ASA) and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and the risk of gastric adenocarcinoma in this high-incidence region.
Metho...
On-site repairs by repairers can handle broken bikes in a bike-sharing system and simultaneously satisfy usable bike demand without requiring vehicle repositioning for off-site repairs. However, this option has not been jointly considered with vehicle-based repositioning for both usable and broken bikes in the literature to improve repositioning pe...
This research was carried out in a greenhouse located at the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) - Savanna Agricultural Research Institute (SARI), Nyankpala, Northern Region of Ghana from June, 2022 to September, 2022. The study compared the growth of cucumber grown on soil with that grown on cocopeat and soil-biochar and the cost...
Due to the need of limiting renewable energy generation because of the intermittency of solar and wind energy in Honduras, it has been decided to utilize thermal power plants to generate electricity, thereby aiding in the stabilization of the national electrical grid. Alternatively, relying more heavily on hydroelectric power plants with reservoirs...
An experiment on bitter gourd was conducted from March to May 2024 at the Horticulture Research Farm, Department of Horticulture, Naini Agricultural Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India. The study aimed to evaluate the effects of foliar spraying of nano-boron at 50 ppm on pl...
The indiscriminate disposal of spent lubricating oil (SLO) has been found to be among the chief sources of pollution to the environment and this has resulted in the disruption of food chains, shortened lifespan and ultimately loss of biodiversity. As observed from the literatures, the treatment and recycling of spent oil is one of the best practice...
Purpose
To discuss the application of mitomycin C (MMC) in ophthalmic surgical procedures, including dosage, method of application, reported complications, and follow-up results.
Methods
A comprehensive literature search was conducted on PubMed, Google Scholar, and the Cochrane Library without date limitations using keywords: mitomycin, ophthalmic...
This paper develops a method for deriving stated preference (SP) estimates of the average social cost of carbon (ASCC) for use in evaluation of the benefits and costs of climate policy. We illustrate the approach with a general population survey in the United States, combined with a benefits transfer to other countries. We estimate a global ASCC of...
Importance: Many acceptable quality deceased donor kidneys go unused every year. Older transplant candidates are more vulnerable to rapid health decline.
Objective: To assess the cost-effectiveness of increasing the rate of kidney transplantation in older patients with end-stage kidney disease by using acceptable quality deceased donor kidneys.
Des...
The renewable energy power generation industry represented by wind power and photovoltaics (PV) is booming in China. Due to the randomness and intermittency of new energy power generation, its large-scale generation has brought major challenges to the safe and economic operation of power systems. Aggregating demand side flexible resource (DSFR) rep...
Introduction
Non-muscle invasive bladder cancer has high recurrence rates and its frequent treatment can become a burden for both the patient and healthcare professionals. Recent treatment advances have focused on lessening the invasiveness of treatment options through laser ablation and outpatient resection. Several randomized controlled trials ha...
Mismatch repair (MMR) status in endometrial carcinoma (EC) is crucial for diagnosis, prognosis, treatment, and Lynch syndrome pre-screening. MLH1 loss is the most frequent cause of MMR deficiency and usually by promoter hypermethylation. We tried to confirm the role of EPM2 AIP1 immunohistochemistry as a surrogate of MLH1 promoter methylation in EC...
Objectives: To compare costs and health consequences and to assess the cost-effectiveness of using low-dose oral long-acting morphine in people with chronic breathlessness.
Design: Within-trial planned cost-consequences and cost-effectiveness analysis of data from a multi-site, parallel-group, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial of l...
Water plays a crucial role in supporting plant growth and development from seed germination to maturity ultimately contributing to the expected yield. However, the availability and quality of water for irrigation are declining, while its diversion for other uses continues to rise annually. Advanced irrigation systems enhance water use efficiency. T...
Suitable irrigation and nutrient management can help to introduce and elevate the winter maize productivity and profitability in Gangetic plains of West Bengal, India where rice-wheat is the dominant cropping system. Maize cultivation using these two vital inputs needs to be standardized to achieve the best performance under specific agro-climatic...
A field experiment was conducted during Rabi season of 2023-24 at Agricultural Research Farm, the investigation entitled "Performances of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties at different levels of nitrogen under late sown condition". The variable involved in this study were three nitrogen levels (N1-100, N2-150 and N3-200 Kg N ha-1) and three va...
The effective improvement of animal welfare requires quantitative methods to compare diverse impacts across practices and policies on a common, relatable scale. The Welfare Footprint Framework (WFF) fulfills this need by providing a standardized welfare impact measure: cumulative time in affective states of varying intensities. To this end, WFF est...
Purpose
PET using the radiolabeled amino acid O-(2-[¹⁸F]-fluoroethyl)-L-tyrosine ([¹⁸F]FET) has considerable clinical value for follow-up evaluation of central nervous system tumors in children and adolescents. As medical procedures must be justified socio-economically, we determined cost-effectiveness of [¹⁸F]FET PET for identification of treatmen...
Background
Ascites remains the most common complication of cirrhosis and a frequent reason for hospitalisation in advanced chronic liver disease (ACLD). Ascites is associated with significant symptom burden, caregiver workload and poor health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Once refractory to treatment, median survival is poor. Many with refractor...
The hepatitis C virus (HCV) testing and treatment pathway in the United States (US) includes a range of tests and appointments causing delays and loss to follow-up. We assessed the cost-effectiveness of simplifying the pathway using an economic model to estimate health outcomes, cost differences and incremental cost per quality-adjusted life year (...
The field experiment was conducted during Rabi season of 2023-24 at Agricultural Research Farm, R.B.S. College, Bichpuri, Agra (U.P.) to evaluated the' Effect of potassium levels on productivity and profitability of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties'. The experiment was laid out in a factorial randomized block design with three replications, t...
This study develops a model to evaluate the economic feasibility of urban road network development by incorporating land value changes as a key component of the evaluation process. The model addresses the limitations of conventional approaches that focus solely on transportation efficiency by integrating transportation benefits, such as Vehicle Ope...
The accurate modeling of dynamic systems, particularly robotic ones, is crucial in the industry. It enables simulation-based approaches that facilitate various tasks without requiring the physical system, thereby reducing risks and costs. These approaches range from model-in-the-loop (MiL), where a simulated model of the real plant is used for cont...
Background
According to the latest World Health Organization report, approximately half of the new cancer cases in Iran are attributed to five common cancers: gastric, breast, colorectal, lung, and prostate cancer. These cancers impose a heavy economic burden on healthcare systems and society, including direct medical costs (DMC), direct non-medica...
Objective
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of 20-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV20) compared to 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) and 15-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV15) for prevention of pneumococcal disease in the pediatric population in Greece.
Methods
A published decisio...
Introduction
Several European countries show potential for pre‐exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) provision expansion, with many men who have sex with men (MSM) on waiting lists. In the Netherlands, approximately 15,000 PrEP‐eligible/intending MSM are awaiting PrEP access. We modelled the epidemiological and economic impact of extending PrEP provision con...
Background
Sickle Cell Health Awareness, Perspectives and Experiences (SHAPE) Survey was previously developed for healthcare professionals, caregivers and patients from North America, Europe and Middle East. The current survey aims to broaden our understanding of the burden of Sickle Cell Disease (SCD), highlights the experiences of healthcare prov...
This study presents a comprehensive cost–benefit analysis (CBA) of Sri Lanka’s COVID-19 pandemic prevention measures during 2020–2021. By comparing the actual trajectory with a counterfactual scenario absent major interventions, the analysis quantifies both the direct and indirect effects of the public health response. Findings indicate that, altho...
Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) is an important leguminous herb, as it has medicinal and nutritional benefits. The research examines the impact of organic manures (farmyard manure, vermicompost, poultry manifold) and biofertilizers on its growth, yield, and economic feasibility. In a randomized block design, parameters such as plant height...
The present study was based on primary data collected from 188 farmers who cultivated wheat, paddy, and sugarcane in Dhamravali village, Bulandshahr district, Uttar Pradesh, through a structured questionnaire. The results showed that sugarcane had the highest Benefit-Cost Ratio (BCR) of 1.76, offering the best return per unit of cost. The paddy-whe...
This report presents a cost-effectiveness analysis of digital versus in-person diabetes prevention programs, emphasizing a societal perspective that integrates both healthcare and non-healthcare costs. Using the modeling study by Park et al. as a motivating example, the authors illustrate how including indirect costs—such as travel time, productivi...
As technologies such as Building Information Modeling, the Internet of Things, and cloud computing spread, digital transformation in construction is widely seen as a path to greater efficiency and sustainability. Yet multiple stakeholders and persistent information asymmetry often hamper genuine cooperation, undermining digitalization’s potential....
As the world moves towards significant contributions to alternative energy sources, biogas and biomethane
will play a significant role in the future. The biogas upgrading process to produce higher-purity biomethane while
producing carbon dioxide as a by-product will find several applications. A low-temperature double-distillation
method was deve...
Micropollutants (MPs), which include both natural and manmade substances, are becoming more prevalent in aquatic habitats as a result of the insufficient removal of these compounds in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Advanced remediation techniques are required due to their persistence and potential ecotoxicological hazards. Although adsorption...
Background
We urgently need innovative strategies to combat a growing epidemic of chronic liver disease (CLD). ID-LIVER was a collaborative project aiming to improve detection of reversible-stage CLD in a region with high prevalence of critical risk factors.
Objective
To determine the cost-effectiveness of ways to identify people with significant...
Background and aims
In Sweden, up to 7% of people exhibit harmful alcohol use or dependency, but only a small fraction (10–20%) pursue treatment. While Behavioral Self-Control Training (BSCT) and Motivational Enhancement Therapy (MET) are effective for alcohol use disorders (AUD), their cost-effectiveness has not been studied. This research evaluat...
Screening for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) across the entire general population is not currently a recommended strategy. However, it is not uncommon to receive a medical check-up or health check-up for a various of reasons. We tried to investigate whether advanced fibrosis screening in MASLD patients is cost-effe...
Background
We assessed the cost‐effectiveness of personalised nutrition in adults with overweight/obesity in Poland and the United Kingdom (UK) using the results of two randomised controlled trials (RCTs).
Methods
The 4‐month RCTs compared three interventions: personalised plan (PP) plus behavioural change (PP+B), PP only, and a control. Outcomes...
Many immunocompromised individuals mount inadequate immune responses following COVID-19 vaccination, thus relying on other social distancing behaviours, particularly shielding, for protection, impacting their quality of life. However, little is known about historical/current levels and effectiveness of shielding or factors influencing individuals’...
If we consider the Cobb-Douglas production function at both the micro and macro levels, we will see that the added value generated depends on capital and labor, as well as technology. Since the product generated in the construction sector itself often plays the role of capital for other sectors, the mechanism of the impact of this sector on economi...
This study examines how 12th-grade students at SMA Katolik Sibolga make rational decisions regarding the pursuit of higher education under varying household economic conditions. Employing a qualitative descriptive-explorative approach grounded in Rational Choice Theory, the research involves 15 students, 6 parents, and 1 school counselor selected t...
Maize (Zea mays) stands out as a highly profitable crop due to its exceptional yield potential, wide adaptability, and diverse market demand. It serves multiple purposes—from food and feed to industrial applications—ensuring stable returns. Economic analyses across regions show high benefit-cost ratios and net profits, often surpassing those of tra...
A trial was carried out during 2018-19 and 2019-20 for evaluation of efficacy of two most popular insecticides against aphid in potato. Based on pooled data of two years, result revealed that maximum aphid mortality (94.0%) was observed with two foliar sprays of flonicamid 50 WG @ 75 g ai ha-1 followed by imidacloprid 17.8 SL @ 75 g ai ha-1 (80.8%)...
Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a growing global health concern, significantly increasing the risk of cardiovascular events and imposing a substantial economic burden on healthcare systems. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have emerged as a promising therapeutic class offering both glycemic control and cardiovascular...
This article provides an overview of Ecuador’s Methodological Manual for Economic Evaluations of Health Technologies, emphasizing its importance, key methodological aspects, and relevance within the country’s health technology assessment (HTA) framework. The manual establishes standardized guidelines for conducting economic evaluations, incorporati...
Common bean is one of the major legume crops for direct human consumption. The genetic improvement of common bean is a primary approach to increase crop adaptability to climate change conditions while maintaining productivity. A diverse panel of middle American beans was evaluated over three growing seasons (2021, 2022 and 2023) for agronomic trait...
Malaria is a plasmodium parasite-caused serious and deadly infection transmitted by the bite of a female Anopheles mosquito that carries the infection. This study is intended to explore the optimal combinations of three time-dependent control intervention strategies, including personal protective measures \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{a...
Background
Intracavitary ECG (IC-ECG) for central venous access devices (CVADs) tip location is one of the most significant innovations in the field of venous access in recent years. Despite there is evidence demonstrating its effect in improving outcomes, data regarding its cost-effectiveness are still scarce.
Methods
We conducted a retrospective...
The integration of artificial intelligence and robotics in healthcare systems represents a transformative approach to addressing rising medical costs while simultaneously improving patient outcomes and experiences. This journal examines the implementation of AI-driven robotic systems across three critical healthcare domains: automated diagnosis, tr...
The contribution of crop production to gross domestic product gross domestic product (GDP) in Ghana, has been declining; in part owing to over dependence on rain-fed agriculture, which has been dreaded by extreme climate change effects. Only about 6.5% of total cultivable land area in the country is irrigated; this is equivalent to 16,909 hectares....
Strategic decision-making for Chief Information Security Officers (CISOs) has become increasingly complex amid the rapidly evolving cyber threat landscape, necessitating sophisticated tools for effective cyber risk assessment and investment allocation. This paper explores the integration of algorithmic models into the decision-making framework to e...
Background
Household contact investigation (HCI) for tuberculosis (TB) is recommended but often limited by resource constraints, particularly for individuals unavailable during business hours.
Methods
We conducted an economic evaluation from January 1, 2022, through December 31, 2022, nested within a randomized trial in South Africa (“Kharituwe”)...
In pregnancies when congenital heart disease (CHD) is present in siblings, fetal echocardiograms (F-echo) are recommended, regardless if there was a prior level II ultrasound (LII-US) that was normal. The goal of this study was to evaluate if any diagnosis of a critical congenital heart disease (CHD) was missed in a fetus who had a sibling with CHD...
An experiment was carried out in pigeonpea variety RVSA 16-1 during Kharif season of 2022-23 at Zonal Agriculture Research Station, Rafi Ahmed Kidwai College of Agriculture, Sehore (M.P.) to find out most effective newer insecticide against one of the major insect-pest of pigeonpea i.e pod borers. There are eight different treatments were sprayed a...
This academic paper explores the potential of leveraging allelopathic endemic flora in Algeria for sustainable border security to protect the environment and address climate change,as well as to provide an economic income for the inhabitants of marginalized areas and help maintain their stability. It presents a groundbreaking approach to border sec...
In the Turkish public administration system, with the Public Financial Management and Control Law No. 5018, which came into force in 2003, various mechanisms have been developed for the evaluation of public resources according to the principles of economy, effectiveness, and efficiency. At the forefront of these mechanisms are internal audit units,...
