Corruption - Science topic

Corruption is undoubtedly one of the most significant issues that has persistently afflicted numerous countries, including the Philippines. This study sought to conduct an exploratory assessment of the general Filipino's perceptions of accountability, corruption, and national governance. The result painted a decidedly negative picture of the conse...

Drawing on resource-based and institutional considerations, we suggest a curvilinear relationship between digitalization and the export propensity of emerging economy enterprises (EEEs), while also arguing that this association is influenced by the level of corruption in the home country. We run a multilevel analysis on a dataset of firm-and countr...

This study examines the role and implications of valid custom (urf al-sahih) in Nangarhar Province, Afghanistan, focusing on how traditional practices influence legal and social frameworks within the region. The aim of this article is to understand the significance of these customs in the everyday lives of the residents of Nangarhar province, parti...

In the recent 2021 local government elections in South Africa, the African National Congress (ANC)'s electoral fortunes declined significantly, particularly in the metropolitan municipalities. This decline has pushed the discourses of coalitions into mainstream politics as the framework for understanding the ANC's diminishing hegemony since the 201...

A crucial aspect of nation-building in Nigeria is the understanding of key issues in the philosophy of history. However, this dimension of historical study is often neglected, both by historians – due to its complex ideological nature – and by the broader society, where it is largely absent from intellectual discourse. Yet, history is a dynamic for...

This study aims to examine the effect of Audit Findings and Audit Opinions on the Corruption Level of the Regional Government of Lampung Province. The population of this study is the Regional Government of Lampung Province. The variables analyzed include Audit Findings which serve as an important tool to identify and reduce corrupt practices and Au...

Background: Many students perceive a university degree as adequate for attaining a job. However, the shift from university to employment is a greater challenge and emerges as a primary issue that graduates encounter after completing their university degrees. Thus, this study aimed to estimate the median time to first job acquisition among 2022 grad...

Consider a society where the prestige of orthodox views is linked to the prestige of the elite. Heterodox individuals are less likely to express their views if other peers refrain from doing so and if the elite is prestigious. In turn, corruption by the elite is less easily detected if orthodox views dominate. We characterize equilibrium self-denia...

In this paper, we study distributionally risk-receptive and distributionally robust (or risk-averse) multistage stochastic mixed-integer programs (denoted by DRR- and DRO-MSIPs). We present cutting plane-based and reformulation-based approaches for solving DRR- and DRO-MSIPs without and with decision-dependent uncertainty to optimality. We show tha...

Nigeria struggles with poor trade balances due to low-quality goods and services, limiting its ability to generate sustainable income from local and international markets. Despite having policies on quality standards, various challenges hinder their effective implementation. This study examines Nigeria’s trade underperformance, the impact of qualit...

The relevance of this study stems from the need to understand the impact of corruption on economic growth across various groups of countries, particularly before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to analyze whether there are differences in the impact of corruption on economic growth between countries with the lowest and highest leve...

The recent revelation of corrupt behavior and fraud committed by certain church officials can undermine the trust of the congregation in the church’s financial management, ultimately reducing their intention to donate to the church. To address this issue, the church is urged to be transparent and accountable. This study aims to examine the influenc...

يتناول موضوع البحث تسليط الضوء على الدور الإستباقي للمشرع والجهات المختصة في مواجهة جرائم الفساد المنظم، لما يمثله من خطر كبير على مرتكزات الدولة الإدارية والإقتصادية، وانعكاسها على الإضرار بالوجود الاجتماعي والسياسي، إذّ أن فلسفة السياسة الوقائية لحماية تلك المرتكزات لا تتجه الى ضرب السلوك الإجرامي عند تحقق نتيجته، وإنما تسعى إلى ما هو أبعد من ذلك...

Whistleblowers frequently endure retaliation from organizations for exposing wrongdoing, but struggle to effectively communicate their experiences of ostracism, exile, and physical intimidation. This qualitative study used a metaphor framework to examine whistleblower experiences of retaliation. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with whistl...

In works such The Will as Will and Representation (1818/1819, 1844) and Parerga and Paralipomena (1851), Arthur Schopenhauer explains the infernal dimension of the world as a consequence of the positivity and anteriority of evil over good. Moreover, targeting Leibniz, Schopenhauer argues that we live in the worst of possible worlds, asserting the v...

Devlet ve hükümet başkanlarının, siyasi partilerinin başkanlarının, parlamentoda görev yapacak millet vekillerinin, yüksek yargı organlarının başkan ve üyelerinin, bürokrasinin üst kadamelerinde görev yapacak olan tüm atanmışların, valilerin, emniyet müdürlerinin, hâkim ve savcıların kısaca tüm seçilmiş ve atanmışların aynı makamda, aynı görevde uz...

This paper investigates the moderating role of corruption on the relationship between government spending and per capita income in the BRICS countries (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa). The panel-corrected standard error model is used to examine the interactive links between government spending, corruption, and economic growth using...

While there is an increasing interest in the role of emotions in policy studies, not much is known about how emotions unfold in one of the most emotional situations that can be encountered in politics: political scandals. To investigate how the discursive articulation of emotions shapes the policy responses to political misconduct from a constructi...

Entrepreneurship plays a crucial role in driving innovation, productivity, and economic growth, with universities emerging as key actors within entrepreneurial ecosystems. This study seeks to expand the understanding of the role of Latin American universities on entrepreneurial ecosystems by examining the case of alumni from Escuela Politécnica Nac...

The major concern of this research work is to assess the effects of the debt crisis and economic dependence on governance and the citizenry in Nigeria. In achieving this, the research work relies on a descriptive approach and structured questionnaire and interview for data collection. A sample size of one hundred and twenty (120) respondents was us...

Many petrostates around the world often find that their reliance on their oil commodities opens a path to the generation of more authoritarian regimes and ultimately eradicate democratic principles. The notorious "oil curse" elucidates how nations affluent with oil reserves often mismanage the oil sector and struggle to thoroughly invest the funds...

In recent years, there has been an increased scholarly interest in citizen (or mass) polarization and its associated socioeconomic and political consequences. Although substantial evidence supports that citizen polarization affects political (or grand) corruption through a variety of mechanisms, research remains fragmented and contradictory about t...

George Orwell's Burmese Days is set in the colonial town of Kyauktada in Burma in the 1920s when demands for self-rule and independence were articulated vigorously in the sub-continent and Burmese people started to show slight hints of dissent towards the British colonial authority. This study aims at exploring the reflections of the British imperi...

Visible-infrared person re-identification (V-I ReID) seeks to match images of individuals captured over a distributed network of RGB and IR cameras. The task is challenging due to the significant differences between V and I modalities, especially under real-world conditions, where images face corruptions such as blur, noise, and weather. Despite th...

Function-correcting codes are an innovative class of codes that are designed to protect a function evaluation of the data against errors or corruptions. Due to its usefulness in machine learning applications and archival data storage, where preserving the integrity of computation is crucial, Lenz et al. recently introduced function-correcting codes...

The paper examined the effects of Insecurity Challenges on Quality Tertiary Education in Nigeria. The concepts of insecurity, security researchers also identified at some contemporary security challenges in Nigeria, amongst them were, wide spread of cases of violent crimes, especially armed robbery and kidnapping, conflict between Fulani herdsmenan...

The 19th century language and writing reform undertaken by a semi-illiterate village-guy Wolf Stephansohn Karadgitch (aka Vuk Stefanović Karadžić) has completely corrupted the common South Slavic grammatical orthographic and orthoepic rules, exerting a negative impact particularly onto Serb ethnic terms and Serbian language.

The study is on the media fight against corruption with a focus on their responsibilities in building strong institutions in Nigeria. Media are critical stakeholders as they remain strategically positioned to lead efforts aimed at bringing sanctity to the society through public institutions. Media also invest in the building of strong institutions...

This study critically examines the effectiveness of restorative justice as an alternative to traditional punitive measures in handling corruption cases. Rooted in restorative justice theory, which emphasizes accountability, harm reparation, and reconciliation, the study explores whether mechanisms such as mediation, victim-offender dialogues, and c...

Corruption in Nigeria has reached an unprecedented proportion in recent times. Its daily rise is an indicator that the “monster” appears to elude all known solutions. This work is aimed at contributing to the ongoing search for a Christian response in curbing corruption in Nigeria. A preliminary review of literature reveals that corruption, which h...

This chapter explores elements of governance and public administration in Ancient Egypt's Old, Middle, and New Kingdoms, and identifies many similarities with modern Egypt in the twenty-first century. Throughout a civilization that extended over more than three thousand years, many key governance elements were applied, including laws, a judiciary s...

The article provides a comprehensive analysis of the legal status of the balance holder in the field of municipal property management in Ukraine, with a particular focus on its role and functional significance within legal relations arising in the contexts of concession, public-private partnership, privatization, and leasing of municipal property....

Foreign direct investment (FDI) legislation plays a crucial role in fetching foreign investments. The objective of this study is to measure the impact of FDI on the Western Balkans countries (WBCs) and interpret the FDI law in the said countries. A panel data was obtained from the World Bank Indicators in order to conduct an empirical investigation...

3D perception plays a crucial role in real-world applications such as autonomous driving, robotics, and AR/VR. In practical scenarios, 3D perception models must continuously adapt to new data and emerging object categories, but retraining from scratch incurs prohibitive costs. Therefore, adopting class-incremental learning (CIL) becomes particularl...

Prompt-tuning (PT) for large language models (LLMs) can facilitate the performance on various conventional NLP tasks with significantly fewer trainable parameters. However, our investigation reveals that PT provides limited improvement and may even degrade the primitive performance of LLMs on complex reasoning tasks. Such a phenomenon suggests that...

This study challenges the traditional critical commentary on the negative representation of Muslims in Restoration drama– as simply reflecting anti-Muslim sentiment at the time. Utilizing a new historicist approach, the researchers argue that playwrights like Elkanah Settle used Muslim characters and settings allegorically to address anxieties surr...

This study explores the coordination level of multi-actor environmental governance (CLMAEG), focusing on marketization, technological innovation, and corruption as key influencing factors. Given China’s rapid industrialization and complex governance landscape, the need for effective multi-actor collaboration in environmental governance is critical...

Data-driven softsensors have gained widespread application in process monitoring and quality prediction, offering advantages over traditional measurement techniques by mitigating their limitations and costs. However, the effectiveness of softsensor models is often hindered by noise in data acquisition, posing significant challenges for model traini...

This study examines the challenges of the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) and its impact on performance. These challenges ranged from delay of court proceedings, connivance of bank officials in money laundering activities, funds recovery and convictions, corrupt activities by Politically Exposed Persons (PEPs), as well as absence of...

In recent years, diffusion-based methods have emerged as a powerful paradigm for genera-tive modeling, initially introduced by Sohl-Dickstein et al. (2015) for continuous data and subsequently refined by Ho et al. (2020) in the context of image generation. Although discrete diffusion for natural language processing has been explored to a lesser ext...

The intersection of quantum computing and theology presents a radical challenge to both scientific and religious understanding. As quantum systems become capable of detecting hidden correlations, reconstructing lost knowledge, and processing vast amounts of historical and theological data, they may uncover patterns that align with divine revelation...

Corruption, particularly in the context of industrialization, presents a complex interplay of criminal behaviors that significantly impact economic and social structures. This article examines corruption through a criminological lens, focusing on its relationship with organized crime, corporate malfeasance, and state complicity. The study highlight...

Corruption is significantly influenced by conflicts of interest in a variety of industries. Indonesia has implemented a variety of regulations to prevent corruption and conflicts of interest. Nevertheless, its implementation continues to encounter a variety of obstacles. This investigation aims to evaluate the intricacy of policies that regulate co...

Do both authoritarian and liberal-democratic regimes rely on similar forms of police governmentality and state terror to sustain public order and security? Are police forces inherently authoritarian institutions that cannot be reformed? Our aim is to explore these questions by analysing the case of Spain, a constitutional democracy considered free...

The people of the former USSR (now the Eurasian Economic Union), who thought their state was the most advanced in humanity, did not know and did not know the right of public ownership of the nation. By the right of private property in the Russian Empire, the USSR, and in the present-day Russian Federation, the state owns the national wealth, includ...

Image reconstruction using parallel ray transmission tomography was performed using filtered, stochastic, and transform-based techniques. Image quality has been analyzed by various error measures using Filtered Back-Projection (FBP) technique with various composite filters, namely Shepp-Logan, Cosine and Hamming filters. The effect of projections o...

Corruption, defined as the misuse of authority or resources for personal gain, diverts critical resources away from essential sectors, undermining development, governance, state authority, and social cohesion. It also perpetuates other illicit activities, compounding its societal impact. Despite the ability of mathematical modeling to effectively r...

Purpose: - To **fully dismantle and purge deep-state intelligence, law enforcement, and economic subversion networks** that have compromised U.S. sovereignty. - To **establish the Office of Strategic Services (OSS) and United Naval Space Command (UNSC) as the sole intelligence and national security agencies**. - To **eliminate foreign-controlled sy...

The Nigerian textile industry, once a thriving contributor to the nation's economy, now faces numerous challenges that hinder its growth and its potential role in economic recovery. Problems such as infrastructural deficits, high production costs, smuggling, and poor implementation of policies have severely affected the sector’s productivity. This...

This work aims to examine the relationship between economic growth and media corruption, press freedom, and media diversity in 97 countries from 2002 to 2019. Research in this area is limited, even though the media are a significant institution and driver of growth in many economies. We use non-parametric techniques to establish the shape of these...

Image steganography is an information-hiding technique that involves the surreptitious concealment of covert informational content within digital images. In this paper, we introduce ${\rm SCR{\small EED}S{\small OLO}}$, a novel framework for concealing arbitrary binary data within images. Our approach synergistically leverages Random Shuffling, Fer...

Deep multi-view clustering incorporating graph learning has presented tremendous potential. Most methods encounter costly square time consumption w.r.t. data size. Theoretically, anchor-based graph learning can alleviate this limitation, but related deep models mainly rely on manual discretization approaches to select anchors, which indicates that...

The paper inspects the depiction of cultural oddities in Mo Yan's The Republic of Wine (2001), concentrating on how the author employs 'black humor' and 'hallucinatory realism' to critique strange and grotesque cultural practices in Chinese society. This study explores unsettling traditions, particularly the extreme eating and drinking habits portr...

Denoising is one of the most important processes in digital image processing to recover visual quality and structural integrity in images. Traditional methods often suffer from limitations like computational complexity, over-smoothing, and the inability to preserve critical details, particularly edges. This paper introduces a hybrid denoising algor...

This study discusses the impact of men's behavior in promoting the culture of hijab and chastity in Islamic society, and addresses the role of their responsibility in maintaining individual and social moral health. From a religious and social perspective, men are considered as heads of families and influential elements in Islamic society, and they...

The article aimed to identify the degree of implementation of Jordanian Cybercrime Law No. 17 of 2023 by Jordanian journalists, and its repercussions on freedom of expression. This study belongs to descriptive ones and has used a survey method through a questionnaire as a study tool distributed to an available sample consisting of 313 journalists a...

This study assess the applicability of GIS in countering the effects of insecurity and crimes in Kajuru local government of Kaduna state, Nigeria. The research specifically examine the effects of insecurity and crime issues in the study area and also assess the applicability of geographic information system (GIS) in minimizing the effects of insecu...

The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors that influence the occurrence of accounting fraud in local governments using the fraud hexagon theory. This study focused on Enrekang Regency government employees in South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. Data were collected by distributing questionnaires to financial managers in 38 offices, agencies...

Anxiety is among the most prevalent mental health disorders. An essential component of anxiety treatment is screening. The limitations of conventional screening methods can be solved by employing machine learning to identify anxiety from EEG signals. As EEG is nonstationary, artifacts can easily corrupt the signal. The artifact in EEG data needs to...

Although comparative welfare research has long criticized that the social insurance system in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) fails to cover the under-privileged population, very little is known about the discrepancy between social insurance legislation and its practice. In LMICs, social insurance legislation has remained only on the books...

Dystopian science fiction narratives often serve as a powerful medium for imagining the post-apocalyptic scenarios of contemporary socio-political realities. In the context of South Asia, the intersection of multinational capitalism and corrupt politics within a dystopian setting provides a poignant commentary on the region’s vulnerabilities and sy...

Cryo-electron tomography (cryo-ET) enables the visualization of macromolecular structures in their near-native cellular environment. However, acquired tilt series are often compromised by image corruption due to drift, contamination, and ice reflections. Manually identifying and removing corrupted tilts is subjective and time-consuming, making an a...

We present and analyse the results of the Science data challenge 3a (SDC3a, https://sdc3.skao.int/challenges/foregrounds), an EoR foreground-removal community-wide exercise organised by the Square Kilometre Array Observatory (SKAO). The challenge ran for 8 months, from March to October 2023. Participants were provided with realistic simulations of...

This study examines the relationship between economic development planning, multidimensional poverty, and income redistribution in Nigeria. Employing a simultaneous equation framework with 3SLS estimation and dynamic stochastic simulation, the study uses government budgetary allocations to economic, social, and community services as proxies for pla...

An examination is a means of assessing people's knowledge, competence, or skills in a particular field. It can be through manual or physical contact or a computer-based approach. Achieving the purpose of high-standard examination can only be fulfilled when adequate measures are put in place and steps are taken to implement them. This study presents...

During 2014, a revolutionary program called Last Week Tonight with John Oliver premiered on the pay television service. With the bases of political satire that demands from the audience an interest in history, philosophy, political science, anthropology and sociology, the host of the program, Mr. John Oliver, launched to provide a note of irreveren...

‘Nature adores virgins’ is a TV trope that evokes a complex interplay between nature, purity and human perception. Emma Rush and Andre La Nauze, in their paper Corporate Paedophilia (2006a) and Letting Children Be Children (2006b) an unintentional construction of girls and women that positions them, ‘innocent’ asexual beings, as sexually corruptibl...

This study assess the applicability of GIS in countering the effects of insecurity and crimes in Kajuru local government of Kaduna state, Nigeria. The research specifically examine the effects of insecurity and crime issues in the study area and also assess the applicability of geographic information system (GIS) in minimizing the effects of insecu...

A range of accountability frameworks exist at the international level to respond to human rights violations and atrocity crimes but the effectiveness of these frameworks has been questioned. Because of this, we are seeing an increased use by states of domestic-level accountability mechanisms. These include the principle of universal jurisdiction-wh...

Tendering processes aim to provide transparency in the trade of services or goods but often fall short, leading to corruption and loss of trust. The emergence of Distributed Ledger Technologies (DLTs), such as blockchain, has prompted research into their application for enhancing transparency in tendering. However, adopting DLT usually incurs extra...

Using a large firm-level dataset from the World Bank Enterprise Surveys covering the period 2006-2024, which includes 146 countries and over 158,900 observations, this paper employs an instrumental variable strategy to show that firms with high-quality financial statements (HQFS)-defined as financial statements checked and certified by an external...

The implementation of e-governance has become a vital aspect of modernizing governance, improving service delivery, and fostering transparency within the public sector. The digitalization of government services aims to enhance accessibility, reduce corruption, and streamline processes for the public and government employees alike. However, the succ...

Medical corruption poses a widespread and growing threat to healthcare systems globally, with the World Health Organization estimating that 10-25% of global healthcare spending is lost annually to corrupt practices. This systematic review synthesizes existing evidence on the causes, socioeconomic and clinical impacts, and effectiveness of anti-corr...

Greenwashing undermines the trustworthiness and integrity of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) reporting. It undermines disclosure quality, confuses decision making, destabilizes financial markets, and reduces the probability that people will trust the supplied information. This research utilizes a comprehensive literature review and bibl...

This study analized the influence of petrol subsidy removal on food security among Kebbi State households in Nigeria. The study applied a primary data aided by a binary logistic model which were obtained from the respondents using a questionnaire approach. The strategy adopted in this study revealed an interesting finding as all the variables of in...

Over the years, high levels of corruption in Sub-Saharan Africa have diverted resources from social welfare, weakened institutional effectiveness, and deepened economic inequalities. This study explores the misery index's effects on economic inequality and social welfare in 19 Sub-Saharan African countries, highlighting corruption's role in amplify...

This paper examines how religious intolerance undermines genuine spiritual practice in religion, especially within Abrahamic faiths. Employing a multidisciplinary approach encompassing theological, historical, and psychological analyses, it exposes how intolerance, driven by factors such as dehumanization, corrupts faith and fuels violence; it tran...

The paper explores the relationship between good governance, economic growth and military conflicts in the world. For this purpose, cluster analysis was used based on the application of Kohonen maps, which allows grouping homogeneous objects according to their similarity. To study good governance in the world the World Governance Indicators are use...

Objective: This study aims to analyze the impact of political dynasties on governance performance, corruption levels, and economic inequality in local governments of developing countries. It also evaluates the relationship between political dynasties and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDG 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth),...

This study explores the barriers that hinder women's access to inherited property ownership, particularly in Punjab’s rural districts. Despite legal frameworks supporting women’s inheritance rights, deeply rooted patriarchal norms, lack of awareness, and bureaucratic inefficiencies prevent their enforcement. Using a qualitative research approach, t...

The purpose of the article is to study the issues of characterisation and liability for financial abuse of public officials under the laws of Ukraine and other countries, with a view to eliminating the existing gaps in legislation. The results of the study are based on the analysis of the development of the regulatory framework for liability of off...

The COVID-19 pandemic has posed significant challenges globally, necessitating the rapid development and distribution of vaccines. This study aimed to engage community members in Uganda to understand their perceptions of the ethical principles and prioritisation criteria for COVID-19 vaccine allocation. Employing a mixed-method approach of quantita...

Land is an important component in the business world, so in its development it "forces" Indonesia to become an investment-friendly country. To achieve this, Indonesia created the Job Creation Law and formed the Land Bank to collect, manage and distribute land in Indonesia. However, there are pros and cons related to the substance contained in the J...

Autonomous driving has the potential to significantly enhance productivity and provide numerous societal benefits. Ensuring robustness in these safety-critical systems is essential, particularly when vehicles must navigate adverse weather conditions and sensor corruptions that may not have been encountered during training. Current methods often ove...

The threat posed by adversarial examples (AEs) to deep learning applications has garnered significant attention from the academic community. In response, various defense strategies have been proposed, including adversarial example detection. A range of detection algorithms has been developed to differentiate between benign samples and adversarial e...

Despite their many success stories in the social and political emancipation of Nigeria, the legacy newspapers have become less impactful in the pursuit of investigative journalism. This vacuum is now being exploited by independent funded media organisations (IFMOs), leading to a renaissance of the genre of journalism that has capacity to help socie...

Giving up and starting over may seem wasteful in many situations such as searching for a target or training deep neural networks (DNNs). Our study, though, demonstrates that resetting from a checkpoint can significantly improve generalization performance when training DNNs with noisy labels. In the presence of noisy labels, DNNs initially learn the...

Due to the existence of cloud shadows and the clouds, it restricted the development of optical remote sensing information. Presently, various cloud shifting mechanisms are concentrated on regenerating the remote sensing information which is corrupted by the thin or small cloud layer or cover. Therefore, automated removal and detection techniques ar...

The lobby seeks to influence public policy decisions, requiring this influence to remain free of irregular practices to be legitimate. This research is contextualized in one of the most important sporting events of 2022, the Qatar Soccer World Cup, organized by FIFA and taking place from 20 November to 18 December 2022. The case study focuses on th...

The document is a revised study on the Fiji Independent Commission Against Corruption (FICAC) by Rokoua Mataiciwa, originally completed in February 2022. It examines FICAC's history, its role in combating corruption, and the challenges it faces, while also providing recommendations for improvement. The research is based on secondary data, primarily...

The literature shows a strong relationship between innovation and competitiveness. Innovation alone does not guarantee its impacts, making entrepreneurship key to converting innovations into new businesses. On the other hand, entrepreneurship is subject to corruption, and research exploring these two variables presents ambiguous or inconclusive res...

This study aims to analyze whether world governance indicators can reduce greenhouse gas emissions in ASEAN countries. The data used is panel data of 11 ASEAN member countries in the period 2013 – 2020 with justifications before and after the Paris Agreement with panel regression methods and mapping using orange data mining geo maps. Empirical resu...

This study investigates how corruption control influences the choice between high-tech and non-high-tech acquisition targets, using international data from 2000 to 2019. Grounded in the institutional theory and transaction cost economics, we hypothesize that stronger corruption control reduces transaction risks, making high-tech acquisitions more a...

Sign language translation (SLT) aims to convert sign language videos into corresponding text, bridging the communication gap between the deaf and hearing communities. A practical SLT system must generalize well to unseen signers. This requirement necessitates that the SLT system maintains good performance in a signer-independent setting, where the...

The essay discusses Fiji's Accountability and Transparency Commission (ATC), established under the 2013 constitution, outlining its intended functions and the challenges it has faced in becoming operational. Despite budget allocations over the years, the ATC has not been fully established, with funds redirected to other areas, leading to concerns a...

The management of solid waste from its collection to disposal is a widespread issue all around the world. This is a stinging issue in the rural and urban areas of the developing and developed states of the world. The mismanagement in Pakistan in the context of solid waste is required to be recognized because it is not only affecting the health of t...

Images captured in low-light conditions often suffer from poor visibility and noise corruption. Low-light image enhancement (LLIE) aims to restore the brightness of under-exposed images. However, most previous LLIE solutions enhance low-light images via global mapping without considering various degradations of dark regions. Besides, these methods...

In eighteenth-century south-western Europe, actors involved in local conflicts reshaped both their views of corrupt behaviours and their political practices. While these historical phenomena occurred simultaneously, their relationship is far more complex than a straightforward cause-and-effect dynamic. Through four local case-studies, this article...

The regulation of lobbying serves the dual ambition of ensuring a level playing field for participation in policymaking while reducing risks of corruption and undue influence. International organisations, such as the EU, OECD and Council of Europe, have promoted this regulation by relying on such different agendas and frames. This variation is magn...