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Hi,
I am looking for free data sets for prices of crops (corn, soybeans, etc.) in USA for the last 10-20 years. We need to test some new algorithms.
Thank you for the help
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  1. U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA): The USDA's National Agricultural Statistics Service provides annual summaries and historical price data for various crops, including corn and soybeans. You can access this information on their Crop Values Annual Summary page and explore the datasets available there .
  2. Federal Reserve Economic Data (FRED): The FRED database offers extensive data on economic indicators, including agricultural prices. You can find historical data for corn and soybean prices by visiting their FRED website and searching for relevant agricultural price data .
  3. World Bank: The World Bank provides datasets that include agricultural commodity prices. Their DataBank allows you to filter by crop type and time period .
  4. Alternative Fuels Data Center: This site has historical prices for U.S. corn and soybeans from 2002 to 2023, which can be helpful for your algorithms. You can check the data here​Alternative Fuels Data Center.
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The first 1/3 of the leaf (near the stem), the middle 1/3 of the leaf, the last 1/3 of the leaf
Monocot: Corn
Dicot: bean
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The middle portion of the leaf blade is best for studying monocot and dicot anatomy, showing essential features like vascular bundles and mesophyll arrangement clearly.
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I've obtained a fatty acid profile of broiler diet comprised of SFA 48 to 93%, MUFA (22 to 40%), PUFA (non determined to 10.4%. The PUFA composition is mainly n-6 and almost no value for n-3. The inclusion of corn and soybean meal was high, around 40-53% for each dietary treatment, and it has been proven in all research articles that corn and soybean are rich in PUFA. Since corn and soybean meal are the major constituent in my formulation, apart from palm oil (3%), palm kernel meal (3%), pollard (5%), and fish meal (5%), Im struggling to find the best justifications for high SFA in the ingredient used. This might be due to climate changes, genetics, environment etc but there is not reported data regarding the difference of fatty acid composition from the past study related to these feedstuffs, hence, its diffcult for me to explain in literature review. Does anyone want to share any tips to solve this issue?
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It is important to consider the various factors that can influence the composition of fatty acids in broiler meat.
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Greetings!
Has anyone used Dinitroaniline herbicides to double the chromosomes of haploid corn? If did, which one and the details, please.
Thank you very much!
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Interested to know!
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Sample type:
Corn leaves and stem
Bean leaves and stem
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For preparing samples for cutting with a microtome, histology-grade paraffin wax is recommended. This type of paraffin is specifically formulated for embedding biological tissues, ensuring optimal sectioning quality and preservation of tissue morphology. Here are the key characteristics of histology-grade paraffin wax:
Purity: Histology-grade paraffin is highly purified to eliminate contaminants that might interfere with tissue preservation and staining.
Melting Point: Typically, the melting point of histology paraffin ranges between 56°C to 60°C. This range allows the paraffin to be liquid enough to infiltrate tissues thoroughly but solidify quickly and uniformly.
Plasticity: The wax should have good plasticity, which ensures it can provide a firm but flexible support matrix around the tissue. This characteristic helps in achieving thin, continuous sections without crumbling.
Stability: It should be chemically stable to prevent any reactions with the tissue that could affect staining or other downstream applications.
Some popular brands and types of histology paraffin include:
Paraplast: A common brand that is known for its high purity and suitable melting point.
Tissue-Tek: Another widely used brand offering consistent quality for histological applications.
Histoplast: Provides good infiltration properties and sectioning quality.
When choosing a paraffin, it is essential to follow the manufacturer's guidelines for melting and embedding procedures to ensure the best results in tissue processing and sectioning.
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Hi everyone,
I want to ask your opinion about different ways to decrease average noise and standard deviation in our chromatograms which help us to improve selectivity and sensitivity of our LC-MS/MS and LOD and LOQ values as well.
I work on grain (mainly wheat and corn) mycotoxins in my lab, and usually after reconstituting my extracts with eluents, I keep them in fridge overnight to remove sediments.
I also use syringe filter as they have always been helpful in extraction process.
I will be more than happy to hear about your thought and other methods that you use in this way.
Warmest regards,
Nasim
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Dilute and shoot is the most inexpensive and straightforward analysis option that presents a noisy baseline therefore lower selectivity and sensitivity (Even if you choose the ms/ms).
For the best specificity, immunoaffinity SPE extraction of toxins (There are many products on the market, e.g R-biopharm) followed by ms to the n experiment is the best choice (at least MS2). Sensitivity therefore LOQ is adjustable within this procedure (By scaling up or down) but would be costly.
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Does anyone have guidance on coating 96-well plates with collagen-I? Looking for a protocol. We are using Corning® Collagen I, Rat Tail, 100 mg.
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Hello Jacob Leighty,
Use the following protocol.
1. Determine the volume of collagen-I solution needed.
 2. Dilute collagen-I to 50ug/ml in 0.02M acetic acid to the needed volume.
 3. Add diluted collagen at 5ug/cm^2 surface area. The area of a well for a 96- well plate is 0.33 cm^2. To coat 5ug/cm^2 of collagen-I, you will need 1.65ug of collagen-I per well in a 96 well plate i.e.,(5 x 0.33/1=1.65ug). You will use 50ul volume to cover a well of a 96 well plate.Therefore, you will need 1.65ug/50ul for each well.
4. Incubate for 1 hour at room temperature.
5. Carefully aspirate the remaining solution.
6. Rinse well 3 times to remove acid, using PBS or serum-free medium.
 7. The plate may be used immediately or air dried and stored at 2-8° C for up to one week under sterile conditions.
Best.
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For Zea mays up to the 4-leaf stage
For Phaseolus vulgaris up to the fourth trifoliate leaf stage
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you can use polybag in size 35 cm x 35 cm
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Hello, everyone. When I use CICC 40553 Aspergillus niger (strain introduction can produce citric acid) to ferment corn meal and glucose, the fermentation condition is 30 ℃, 200 rpm, and the substrate concentration is 20-120 g/L. The composition of the culture medium is: the carbon source is glucose or corn flour, and the concentration range is 20-120 g/L, (NH4)2SO4 2g/L, KH2PO4 2g/L. MgSO4·7H2O 0.5 g/L. The product detected by HPLC does not detect citric acid, or the citric acid content is very low, but a large amount of oxalic acid can be detected. Do you have any ideas to solve this problem, big shots? I need a lot of citric acid.
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Formation of alcohol is initiated at very low pH, try and see maintaining pH at 5.0 to 5.5, Acid shift reaction takes place if the pH is low ; try to avoid this phase by making up the pH above 5.
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Dear All,
I've been working on differentiating monocytes to dendritic cells (DCs) in vitro using a 24-well TC-treated plate from Corning. Here's my current protocol: I place 2 Million PBMCs in each well, and after one day, when monocytes should be adherent, I carefully remove the supernatant and add RPMI with IL-4 and GM-CSF. After seven days, when I inspect the cells under a microscope, I observe that the Dendritics are not fully formed, and the cells appear smaller than expected. Additionally, they are not fully adherent; if I attempt to wash them, most of them detach. I also notice the presence of other immune cells, possibly alpha-beta T cells, which are similar in size.
I've attempted monocyte purification, but previous method seems to result in more dendritic cells.
Any suggestions, experiences, or recommendations on how I can optimize the purification and differentiation of my DCs would be greatly appreciated.
Thank you in advance.
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Optimizing the purification and differentiation of dendritic cells (DCs) in vitro is crucial for obtaining a homogeneous and functional population for research or therapeutic purposes. Here's a step-by-step guide to optimizing this process:
1. Source Material Selection: Choose PBMCs, bone marrow, or umbilical cord blood based on availability and experimental needs.
2. Isolation of Precursor Cells: Use techniques like density gradient centrifugation or magnetic bead separation with sterile protocols.
3. Differentiation Protocol Optimization: Cultivate precursor cells with specific cytokines and growth factors, adjusting concentrations and timing for optimal differentiation. Monitor differentiation using flow cytometry.
4. Maturation Induction: Stimulate immature DCs with appropriate stimuli like Toll-like receptor agonists or cytokines, optimizing concentrations and duration.
5. Culture Conditions Optimization: Maintain DC cultures in optimized media with proper supplements, adjusting temperature, pH, oxygen levels, and cell density as needed. Consider using feeder cells or specialized systems.
6. Quality Control and Characterization: Perform thorough phenotypic and functional characterization using flow cytometry and functional assays to ensure purity, phenotype, and functionality of generated DCs.
7. Cryopreservation Optimization: Develop optimized cryopreservation protocols for long-term storage, ensuring viability and functionality post-thawing.
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in the use of spectral indices in the estimation of corn yield, why is it that when I put the average of the total index at the farm level in the equation generated from the regression, the predicted yield is closer to the actual yield even though the coefficient of determination is weak?
# spectralindices
#predictedyield
#RS
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Hi.
First, thank you for your reply.
With 70% of the data, I generated univariate and multivariate regression equations and tested them with 30% of the data.
(Another point that I encountered here is that the determination coefficient of the test data was higher than the training data)
Eight spectral indices including NDVI, TNDVI, GNDVI, SAVI, OSAVI, NDWI, MNDWI, and NDMI were used.
Landsat 8 satellite image was used one month before harvest.
The cultivated area under study is 295 hectares.
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in the use of spectral indices in the estimation of corn yield, why is it that when I put the average of the total index at the farm level in the equation generated from the regression, the predicted yield is closer to the actual yield even though the coefficient of determination is weak?
# spectralindices
#predictedyield
#RS
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Thank you. You helped a lot.
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Transplanting, a critical step in crop establishment, involves moving seedlings from a nursery to their final field location. While rice transplanting is a common practice, the feasibility of applying similar techniques to wheat and corn remains an intriguing question
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I agree with Alex Ignatov . I'm sure graminaceous seedlings can be transplanted successfully, but I can't understand why this might be considered for commercial crop production. I cannot imagine the manpower and nursery resources that would be required, for example, in the UK, with a wheat, barley and oat crop totalling around 3 million hectares, with plant populations of around 1.4 million/hectare. There could well be a peasants' revolt if farmworkers were asked to do that.
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For centuries, agricultural research has predominantly focused on the above-ground aspects of crop health and yield. However, recent scientific investigations have shifted attention below ground, specifically to the root systems of major cereal crops like rice, wheat, and corn. Understanding root regeneration mechanisms is critical for optimizing crop performance, nutrient utilization, and stress tolerance. In this comparative study, we explore how these three staple grains differ in terms of root architecture, regeneration capacity, and their implications for sustainable agriculture.
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Rice has a hidden advantage! Rice contains a unique kind of stem tissue known as a basal sheath, that differentiates it against maize and wheat. This sheath, which has nodes with buds, is located close to the earth at the base of the plant. These buds can produce new roots when submerged in water, which enables the rice plant to fix any damage to its root system. Without this basal sheath, corn and wheat are unable to regenerate roots and must rely on their original root system to survive.
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Can someone share the protocol of in vitro chromosome doubling of haploid corn embryo?
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In vitro chromosome doubling has predominantly been induced using the antimitotic agent colchicine. However, the herbicides oryzalin and trifluralin, are often preferred due to their reduced toxicity, higher affinity to plant tubulins, and effectiveness at lower concentrations.
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I oxidised pure Mg powder in an atmosphere of O2 and He, at low heating rates (between 0.5 and 1 °C/min) from 20 to 800 °C.
From microscopic observations of quenched samples, I saw that Mg, which has initialy a silver color (first picture), turns black at the beginning of the oxidation process (second picture), and then turns white (classic MgO).
This black layer looks thin, while the white oxide is like pop corn.
Any idea what could be this black layer ? I guess it's a kind of intermediate oxide species (Mg2O ?)...
The only information I found in the literature is that it could be a Mg:O phase, 80:20 in mass repartition.
Thank you,
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i have the same outcome when running Ar and O2. I assume is a not completely oxidized MgO
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The biomasses are coconut coir pith, corn husk and rice straw. Concentration preferably in volume by volume or weight by volume of h2o2.
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PFA the file for reference, 0.5-2.0% H2O2 works for these types of biomass.
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the starch is a commercial sigma aldrich corn starch
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For the determination of Viscosity Average M.Wt. one may use capillary viscometer(Ostwald type).
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hello I hope you have a good day, I am working on the expression of genes p5cr, p5cdh, prot1, prot2, and aap6 of corn plants
What primer should I use?
thanks for your guide
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Start by looking for publications that measure expression of these genes. If there aren't any, then you'll have to design them yourself.
Note - just because it's published doesn't mean it's the best ones to use. Set up controls & test them yourself!
Good luck!
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Using which MYCORRHIZA for low cost tropical agriculture? Or other BIOSTIMULANTS, BIOFERTILIZERS?
What specific natural plant nutrient sources or plant growth-promoting sources, such as BIOSTIMULANTS, BIOFERTILIZERS, etc., would you use for starting cultivating tropical crops like corn, sorghum, millet, peanuts, tomatoes, and onions in a middle scale production in a tropical country as Simbabwe, where chemical fertilizers are economically not afordable or either unavailable, but where some animal dung is accessible?
How economically successful is it which commercially available mycorrhiza to use or other microorganisms of the soil microbiome with similar benefits such as PGPR (plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria), PGPF (plant growth promoting fungi), PGPM (plant-growth-promoting microorganisms), as well to use seaweed, algae stimulants or verimcompost?
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Go to the Rodale Institute website Douds and the collaborators have formulated the method for on farm mycorrhizae production.
The on farm propagation gives an adaptive mixture of species with ability to be effective under your conditions.
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yes or no? why?
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Thiago Martins Santos, Yes. Brazil has plenty of land and farm labor so there less push to make the farming intensive. Also the fraction of the population with advanced technical education is lower than in our countries (Israel and Denmark).
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It is my first time visualizing roots under microscope and I am not sure if the staining procedure went well. Field-grown corn roots stored in 75% ethanol were subsampled and boiled in 10%KOH solution for 10 minutes, washed 2-3 times in tap water, and then stained by boiling in 1%ink and 5%vingear solution for 3 minutes then washed 2-3 times in tap water, mounted on slide with glycerol and viewed under microscope at 100x or larger. I am not sure if what I am seeing under microscope is arbuscules of AMF or something else.
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@ Manjot, I think your staining is not proper. You may use Phillips and Hayman method for staining where they use trypan blue in lactophenol.
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My name is Julia, and I am a researcher at Bergen Community College. My research this Summer is concerning the most effective cultivation of huitlacoche fungus. For a little background information: I am growing four kinds of sweet corn and one popcorn variety. We are only able to get the spores in a syringe to be injected into the plants, with one website selling it suggesting that we inject at the very base of the cobs.
Thank you for taking the time, and I hope to read any responses on the subject that I can.
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A quick googlescholar search returned a pub "Production of Cuitlacoche [Ustilago maydis (DS) Corda] on Sweet Corn".
They appear to have tested a number of methods including "injecting sporidial suspensions into the sixth to eighth internodes". This might be the method you need?
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BOD bottles,corning flask,sacchi disk, water sampler
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I have only been engaged in measurement of phytoplankton primary production using C14 and light and dark bottles as introduced by the Danish Dr. Steeman Nielsen years back.
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In the essay here (https://theloop.ecpr.eu/the-best-use-of-our-limited-resources-in-service-of-democracy/), Ramon van der Does argues that "we cannot afford to spend our time and energy collecting and explicating all adjectives that go with the word 'democracy'. We need to take our limited resources seriously; we need to focus on providing practical ways to bring power to the people."
van der Does argues that most people will have 80,000 hours of work (more or less) in their lives and that means:
(a) people not working in/on/for/from democratic theory will only have limited time to engage with democratic politics (so clear and effective advice should be provided to them)
and
(b) people who are working in/on/for/from democratic theory cannot do it all - they need to be selective due to limited resources (such as time).
I suppose an analogy would be if a people are hungry, and we know barley or rice or corn works super well at feeding people, then why look for other crops? Fix the problem first and then look for new crops.
What do you think? Is it a misuse of resources to conduct basic research on democracy whilst democracies are undergoing various crises?
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The way of our days have a vested interest in keeping everyone poor and powerless, because if everyone is king, there no one is king.
Wealth is meaningless, if everyone is wealthy. Power is meaningless, if everyone as power.
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Calciorthid type of soil is found in this area. The average temperature is 32 degree Celsius.
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Corn requires full sun, adequate water and benefits from rich, well-drained soil with a pH of 5.8 to 6.5. In the low desert southwest, corn can be planted in early spring season i. e. February/March and late summer. Desert soil is not very fertile, but with proper irrigation methods, cultivation of crops like bajra, jowar, cotton, wheat, and sugarcane can be practised.
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Please let me know the procedures provided by Hedge and Hofreiter, 1962, along with the calculations.
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Corning Inc.: Zero Coupon Convertible Debentures Due November...
It is required for one of my Projects
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We need collagen IV coated plates in order to culture primary queratinocytes. However, the usual supplier of this kind of material (Corning) is not supplying it until, at least, 2024. Does anyone know any other supplier that could serve these products as soon as possible in Spain?
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You can actually coate plates yourself !
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I am working on a review of the mains pest management methods in sweet corn.
If you have it, please share it to me.
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@ Laurence, the attached file may be useful to you.
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My research is about simulating the changes of soil organic carbon and greenhouse gas in farmland under different cropping systems (rice, corn, wheat, etc.) straw return conditions by model. The tool used is the DSSAT model, and the good news is that the just released DSSAT4.8 can perform GHG simulations. I have learned the use of the model through some courses, but there are still many questions I don’t understand.
Since no one in my group uses this model and my teacher is not very clear about it, I need to figure it all out by myself, which is very difficult. I have created several sequence files and gathered relevant weather, soil and cultivar information. However, my simulation results are very unsatisfactory and the methane emissions are zero. I am not sure what went wrong and would like to get an answer
Thank you very much for your attention to my problem
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Hello, Ruo Chen Li
Your files aren't available to download do you have some more info?
Many thanks,
George
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Does anyone know what the pore size of Corning® Matrigel® hESC-qualified Matrix is? I have tried searching for the information sheets of this product but to no avail and other google searches (unless I have missed it). Anyone that could help me with this?
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I think Matrigel is sterile filtered during isolation (0.2 um).
Biggest molecule inside is laminin-111 sized 800 kDa in native condition.
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My lab is starting a new line of iPSC culture (KOLF2.1j). The cell suppliers provide a maintenance culture protocol using StemFlex medium with RevitaCell Supplement (both Gibco) on Synthemax-II-SC Substrate (Corning) with ReLeSR (STEMCELL) for passaging. We currently maintain a different iPSC line (WTC11) in TeSR-E8 medium on Matrigel coating and use Accutase for passaging.
Do you think we will be able to use the TeSR-E8/matrigel combination for the new line? Or are different lines media/coat-specific? Will the cells be okay if I thaw them from StemFlex in to TeSR-E8? All these reagents are very expensive, and I would like to avoid buying them unnecessarily. I am the only person using iPSC cells here and I'm new to the process, so I can't ask anyone here
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I concur with Shambhabi Chatterjee .
I have done this many times when receiving iPSC from companies or other research groups. I will always revive with the media they used, with the ECM they use.
I would also recommend freezing down some wells using this combination as a backup.
I then switch one thing at a time. Usually the ECM first, if needed.
Then the media. I also try multiple wells with one being a complete switch to the new media, and others being various combinations of the old and new media.
Usually one of these wells looks good, and is handling it well, and you can transition to the new media slowly.
Chris
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Hello everyone, I want to measure the chlorophyll content of a corn plant during its growth (3 months). Wich leaves of the plant do you choose for those kinds of measurements ? Do you change it over time or do you keep the same leaf from the beginning to the end ?
Thank for your answers.
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Hello
Corn leaves fall off during the plant growth in corn so, it is impossible to take SPAD readings from same leaves. We can choose any leaves but needs to be measured at the midpoint of the leaves. Better choose Younger leaves.
Note: The central leaves in corn has high N concentration.
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I was about to do R. oryzae fermentation in 500 mL flask. The Culture medium (g l−1): corn stover hydrolysate 22·4, KH2PO4 0·6, MgSO4·7H2O 0·5, FeSO4·7H2O 0·0088, ZnSO4·7H2O 0·11, urea 2.
it was all fine until i autoclaved the medium for 15 mins, there was white insoluble precipitate.
and the fermentation was slow (72h of incubation in waterbath shaker, 100rev/min), rather than a big ball of mycelia formed, it was like cloudy small dots mycelia. I have to extract the mycelia and the amount of those cloudy dots mycelia was too small.
is there any way to solve this?
additional info: the hydrolysis of corn stover was carried by 2h of autoclaves in 2% H2SO4 with the ratio of corn stover : sulfuric acid (1:10).
after that, detoxification was done by adding 2N of Ca(OH)2 until the pH of 8, centrifuged, and the supernatant was taken to be the carbon source.
I didn't adjust the hydrolysate pH bcs when the medium is done, the overall pH was 5,6 and I thought that's a pretty ideal pH.
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Haloo Yazid, According to my experience to make a medium, I need to separate all components. First just glucose, the second mineral in one flask (you do not need to separate all minerals), and the last other components in one flask.
If you used hydrolysate as a source carbon, I do not recommend using an autoclave because it can cause a browning reaction or can make the hydrolysate become dark. You can use a vacuum to remove all contaminants. Maybe you can read my article about ethanol production by using hydrolysate. If I am not wrong, there is information about the medium.
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My DSC thermogram shows a very broad peak and an early onset temp for the pure corn starch sample thus very different from the reported literature, So I have two questions:
1) what could be the possible mistake and what do I need to change ?
2) what should be the optimal ratio of water and starch while preparing DSC Sample? I took 1:2 ratio of starch :water
3) When water in starch sample do I need to put the lid on the DSC pan or I need to run without sealing the pan ?
4) Lastly does the amount of sample taken have a impact on enthalpy or heat change since I took 10mg of the sample and someone suggested me to try with the 1 or 2 mg ?
Thanks
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Your DSC endotherm is more or less at the right temperature but it is very broad and the enthalpy is improbably high. What you observe is most likely the evaporation of water (ca 2200 J/g). This points to DSC pans that are not properly sealed. Your DSC profile suggests that your upper temperature was largely in excess of 120 Celsius, which may have caused pan leakage. Follow the instructions of the supplier for the maximum T to be allowed if water is present. For this type of experiments starch concentration has to be below 40 % and a starch weight of a few milligrams is recommended. Look into the literature for details.
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I identified a large population of Halyomorpha halys (Hemiptera) on corn cobs last August.
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Very good article. Many thanks!
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Would the dominance of one of the microbes in the gut change if we give different foods to insects or larvae? Suppose the insect is supplemented with amylase-producing bacteria, fed with carbohydrates such as rice, corn, and other sources.
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Kindly check the following RG link in which a representative strain collection of dominant aerobic bacteria from black soldier fly larvae (Hermetia illucens, BSFL) has been established:
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Hello,
If I have a sample (corned beef) 10 g and the maximum nitrite (NO2-) it contains is 30 mg/kg, what is the maximum nitrite in µM? And how to convert it? The research I am currently doing is detecting nitrite in corned beef using a sensor because in general the preservative used is NaNO2 and the maximum for corned beef is 30 mg/kg. The standard method used for comparison refers to ISO 2918-1975. Here the file is attached.
Thank you
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Dear Nira,
Parts per million (ppm) is a unit of concentration. When the concentration of a substance is low, such as water contaminated with certain metals (iron, cadmium, or magnesium), ppm becomes more convenient than standard units of concentration – molarity or weight percent – used in chemistry. A mole is a unit in chemistry that measures the amount of substance. To make basic stoichiometric chemical calculations, you need to convert ppm to moles or micromoles.
Multiply ppm by the weight of the solution, then divide by 1,000,000 to compute the mass of the compound. For example, if ppm of cadmium (Cd) is 20 and the mass of the solution is 500 grams, then the mass of the dissolved cadmium is (20 x 500) /1,000,000 = 0.01 grams.
Get the atomic mass of the element present in water from the Periodic Table of the Elements. In this example, the atomic mass of cadmium (Cd) is 112.
Divide the weight of the compound by the atomic mass to calculate the number of moles. In this example, the number of moles is 0.01 / 112 = 0.000089 moles.
Multiply the number of moles by 1,000,000 to calculate micromoles. In this example 0.000089 x 1,000,000 = 89 micromoles. https://sciencing.com/conversion-ppm-micromoles-8656294.html
Best Regards,
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Hello, I wanna ask, If I have a sample (corned beef) of 10 g and the maximum nitrite (NO2-) it contains is 30 mg/kg, what is the maximum nitrite in µM? And how to convert it? The research I am currently doing is detecting nitrite in corned beef using a sensor because in general the preservative used is NaNO2 and the maximum for corned beef is 30 mg/kg. The standard method used for comparison refers to ISO 2918-1975. Based on ISO, from 10 g sample is diluted until volume total 200 mL. Here the file is attached.
Thank you
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In 1 kg of corned beef contains nitrite 30 mg
In 10 g of corned beef sample will have nitrite = (0.01 kg*30 mg)/1 kg = 0.3 mg
So, If 10 g of corned beef is diluted until volume total 200 mL which mean it has 0.3 mg nitrite in 200 mL = 0.3 mg/ 0.2 L = 1.5 mg/L (ppm, part per million).
In order to convert of mg/L to M (mol/L, molarity unit)
By using ; mg/L = M*Mw(molecular weight of nitrite) *1000
So, 1.5 mg/L nitrite = ? M nitrite*(46 g/mol nitrite)*1000
M nitrite = (1.5 mg/L nitrite)/(46 g/mol nitrite*1000)
M nitrite = 0.0000326 M = 32.6 µM
So, If you have a sample (corned beef) of 10 g in 200 mL and the maximum nitrite it contains is 30 mg/kg, the maximum nitrite in µM is 32.6.
For this calculation used for nitrite only, If you want to calculate the NaNO2, you can calculate the same as this, just changing Mw of nitrite to NaNO2. It depends on your calibration curve that used nitrite or NaNO2 for calculating the amount of nitrite in the sample.
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Any good source of Ostrinia nubilalis (European corn borer), preferably pupae, in or shipping to EU?
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Hi Mark,
I found this article. I do not know if they still rear Ostrinia.
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I'm curious about knowing the potential to reduce GHG / increase C sequestration across different cropland uses (for example, dairy, wheat, corn).
Have you heard of reliable and attainable targets for different agricultural commodities and locations?
And to anticipate some answers, I know that it depends on a lot of factors.
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Soil act both as source and sink of GHGs, it's the land use changes turn this balance either way. Soil have a potential of 2500 Gt CO2 sequestration. To know more about C sequestration in croplands refer Professor Ratan Lal's papers.
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for my PhD project, I need a sample of corn to be analyzed for mycotoxins. Unfortunately, in Iran I did not find a laboratory that could detect fumonisin. can anyone help in this regards?
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Saeed Ghasemi Good luck
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I need to stick HCT116 cells from suspension to coverslips for immunofluorescence. I am doing short time points so I cannot have the cells sitting on the coverslips for 20-30 minutes, I plan to fix them with formaldehyde at each time point, wash out the Formaldehyde and then find a way to get them onto coverslips. I've heard poly-L-lysine and concanavilin will not work with fixed cells. I've heard about CyGel but I'm afraid of it melting since it melts below 23 degrees C (per the manual). I've heard good things about Cell-Tak from corning. Does anyone have experience with this or any other methods - these are all the ones I am aware of.
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A lot of people are afraid of the morphological changes that occur during cytospin. I would plate them onto coverslips live and let them naturally flatten, but they take so long it is impossible to do time points - has anyone tried poly-L-lysine coating coverslips or any other surface to see if the cells will attach and flatten out faster?
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Crop coefficients can be greater than 1.00.
Ex: Corn 1.15
Then ETa=Kc *ETo, it seems to be ETa greater than ETo.
But ETo is the evaporative power of the amosphere. is it possible to go over that value?
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Yahampath Marambe yes i do like to add the statement that It isn't required. Your analogy may hold true if reference ET is equal to potential evapotranspiration. The actual water consumption of a crop is represented by its evapotranspiration (ETa). Because the field is not under standard conditions, ETa is usually equal to or less than ETc.
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Corn stover is a cheaper lignocellulose that is used to produce biofuels. There are numerous methods for pretreatment of corn stover before hydrolysis. Among those, which one is the most efficient?
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Séchage à letuve
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By grain processing machinery, i mean rice, pulses,corn, wheat
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تخصصى كيمياء وتكنولوجيا الالبان
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I need to conduct accelerated ageing on corn seeds, however, seeds were infested by pathogens (I observed fusarium moniliforme, Aspergillus niger and flavus), so when place in high humidity condition, promoting the infestation itself. I have tried many combination of ethanol (70%) and sodium hypochlorite (5,10, 50%) and soaking time ranging between 2-10 minutes. The results is either infection was still occurring or no germination was observed once germination test was conducted
If anyone could advise on how to properly sterilise the seed and does not affect seed accelerated ageing, it would be much appreciated.
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We harvested 15 * 25 feet corn research plots in the field. Two middle rows were harvested out of 6 corn rows from a plot. I have corn grain yield in pounds (US) and want to convert that into bushels per acre yield.
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Thank you, Sabir Ali
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I normally used Matrigel from Corning, but am told that the lead time for Corning Matrigel is 16 weeks due to the current situation. I then contacted the Thermofisher representative to see if I can try Geltrex. They are not available right now. The person told me he did not know when they are going to be available.
Does anyone here have the same experience?
Thanks!
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Hi, another good alternative for BMEs are plant-based nanofibrillar cellulose hydrogels (GrowDex). They are biocompatible and well-defined materials suitable for various 3D cell culture assays.
Please see a couple of studies below
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Pretreatment of lignocellulose for anaerobic digestion of corn cob.
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Cds and Zns
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Ultrafiltration is one of the methods that yields high purified phytoglycogen extract from corn. However, utilizing cost-effective methods for extraction are highly-encouraged for researcher to venture. What are the methods that can affect for high yield phytoglycogen extract for corn?
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I am done with masters in computational materials. I want to switch my field with quantum computing ? I need recommendations from the scientific community.
I am aware of the fact it would be difficult, but I want to listen would it be possible please share your views with pros and corns.
Thanks
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@Dear Arslan Ullah:
1/THE FIRST, I think this is the most important,  is to study the foundation of Quantum Mechanics and Quantum Computing/Communication
2/Here is a section references About Quantum Computing/Communication
[1] Manin Y. Вычислимое и невычислимое [S]. Советское Радио, 1980.
[2] Feynman R. Simulating physics with computers [J]. International Journal of Theoretical Physics, 1982,21(6/7): 467–488.
[3] Benioff P. A. Quantum mechanical Hamiltonian models of Turing machines [J]. Journal of Statistical Physics, 1982, 29(3): 515–546.
[4] Deutsch D. Quantum theory, the Church-Turing principle, and the universal quantum Turing mac@@@@hine [J].Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, 1985,404(1818):97-117.
[5] Simon D. On the power of quantum computation [C]//Foundations of Computer Science.IEEE,1994:116-123.
[6] Deutsch D, Jozsa R. Rapid solution of problems by quantum computation [J]. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, 1992, 439(1907):553-558.
[7] Bernstein E, Vazirani U. Quantum complexity theory[C]. Proc. 25th Annual ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing, ACM, 1993, 11-20.
[8] Shor P. Polynomial-time algorithms for prime factorization and discrete logarithms on a quantum computer
[J]. SIAM Journal on Scientific and Statistical Computing ,1994, 26: 1484-1509.
[9] Bernstein D, Heninger N, Lou P, Valenta L. Post-quantum RSA:Report 217/351[R]. Cryptology ePrint
Archive, 2017.
[10]量子计算机的发展现状与趋势】https://wap.cnki.net/touch/web/Journal/Article/KYYX201005007.html
[12]量子计算机研究进展https://wap.cnki.net/touch/web/Journal/Article/NJYD202005002.html
[13]量子信息技术研究现状与未来https://wap.cnki.net/touch/web/Journal/Article/PZKX202009008.html
[14]量子信息引论https://wap.cnki.net/touch/web/Journal/Article/WLZZ200105006.html
[15]编者按--相干应用--郭光灿https://wap.cnki.net/touch/web/Journal/Article/WLXB201903001.html
[16]量子信息科学——一个令人惊奇的新兴领域https://wap.cnki.net/touch/web/Journal/Article/KYYX200701013.html
[17]编者按--量子理论和技术--潘建伟 https://wap.cnki.net/touch/web/Journal/Article/PZKX201403001.html
[19]量子通信现状与展望
[20]量子保密通信的技术现状及安全性--清华大学王向斌https://wap.cnki.net/touch/web/Journal/Article/WLZZ200602010.html
[21]【潘建伟团队的论文链接】
[22]【郭光灿(李传峰)团队的论文链接】
[23]【寇享视频:量子信息--未来新一代的技术 郭光灿】
3/ This is a research work of mine on the Uncertainty Principle of QM【From the uncertainty principle to the deterministic rule】https://arxiv.org/abs/2103.03513 or 【The falsification of the uncertainty principle】http://chinaxiv.org/abs/201910.00072
Wish you good luck forever
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Some data are in (Stuart, 2009); more recent ones ? Thank you so much !
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Current scenario
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I'm looking for a study on the utilization of cover crops or green manure in corn fields that was conducted in China. I'm curious to see how cover crops or green manure affect the SOC over there. I'd love it if someone could send me some papers or other information. My main interest are cover crop/ green manure, SOC and Corn/maize.
Thanks
Best
Deepak
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Meta-analysis of green manure effects on soil properties and crop yield in northern China
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Hello,
I have an Ecoinvent data base. I am unable to find some chemicals or inventory. i.e. Corn Stover, Monopotassium Phosphate, Monosodium Phosphate, Octanol, Tri-n-Octylamine etc.
How can I find such inventory flow in database?
Thanks in advance!
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Alireza Moghtadaei I am using Ecoinvent Database.
I am not getting few inventories i.e Corn Stover, 1-octanol etc.
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Is there a text book or paper that explained what happens after corn receives exogenous abscisic acid (ABA) foliar application, how it's absorbed and transferred? where does it go and what does it do? what are the mechanisms and what changes happens in the plant (up or down regulations for genes, biosynthesis pathways etc) that lead to increase root hydraulic condtivity, stomatal closure and so on?
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In general, plants under abiotic stress conditions respond favorably to foliar application of ABA. In sugarcane, it has been reported to improve drought tolerance. Like sugarcane, maize also belongs to grass family, and has the same photosynthetic efficiency as the C4 plant. Maize is, therefore, expected to behave similarly. For details, please go through the attached PDF.
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Corn has the highest area under cultivation in Iran and more than 70% of livestock and poultry diets are based on corn grain and silage. However, in corn cultivation, water limitations and extreme temperatures are among the most challenging factors that impair the development and functioning of corn yield in most regions of the country. What are the best management strategies (affordable- farmer-friendly - eco-friendly) to mitigate drought stress impacts on corn yield? Using early maturity cultivars? plant growth promoting bacteria and microorganisms? special technologies?
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I think other crops such as sorghum should be tried, especially drought resistant and quick-maturing varieties.
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Hi, I wanted to perform tube formation assay using HUVEC cells. I want to use Corning Matrigel (High protein) for the assay. As per the manufacturer's instructions, I have thawed the Matrigel at 4 degree C overnight and it looked almost liquid very next morning. I also followed the instructions to pre-cool pipette tips and tubes used for the assay. But while aliquoting in ice, the Matrigel became gel-like and was not even coming from the tip. I did not dilute the Matrigel with any media.
Any suggestions how to go ahead for aliquoting and subsequent coating of Matrigel into Ibidi micro angiogenesis plates. I have to use 10 micro L for coating but the gel-like Matrigel is making it difficult. Thanks in advance.
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That's great news. Please get in touch, if you have further questions: techsupport@ibidi.de
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There is apparently a worldwide shortage (due to COVID) of these 0.4micron pore, polystyrene membrane transwells...Are there any companies that make suitable, good quality alternates as we are being given a stock date of March 2021.
Thanks
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You might want to try Collagen permeable membrane.
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Dear network, my team and me are planning to start using 3D culture spheroids at our lab. Doing some research into how to develop these cultures I have found that most researchers use the Corning plates, however, they are currently out of stock until July. For those of you who have experience in 3D cultures, which other brands do you recommend? I am looking for alternatives that are not transparent as we are performing Luciferase assays in the plates.
Thank you so much.
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you can use bioink or 3D printed construct and take into account that you need to picture them by using z-stack
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Hi everyone,
I'm trying to figure out if there is a cheapier version of a cell freezer (that drops 1°C each minutes). We have the Nalgene version with isopropanol and also some Corning (in styrofoam), but my lab need to buy a lot more for a ongoing experiment. I can't believe the price of those things, especially the styrofoam version. Do you know any other alternatives (different brands) that offer the same conditions to the cells?
Let me know if do!
Thanks a lot!
Marc-Alexandre Lafrance
Master student
Infection disease research center
Quebec, Canada
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You can look at this researchgate trend:
Sigma-Aldrich also seems to recommend putting the cells in an insulated box at -80C.
They also seem to recommend a method with Nitrogen vapor.
Here is the link:
I have also heard about putting isopropanol in a styrofoam box, though I am not fully aware how that works... It just seems like the ghetto version of the Mr. Frosty.
If these options do not seem good to you, you can also borrow Mr. Frosties from neighbouring laboratories of your research institution.
Hope this helps,
Rose
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I want to determine the leaf area index in field crops (corn, soybeans, quinoa, wheat, etc.) and in weeds.
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Hi Santiago, you could take a look at a Sunscan system. Please see https://delta-t.co.uk/product/sunscan/
Best regards,
Martin
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We are conducting a greenhouse study to test Coal char with and without fertilizers in corn growth.
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Thank you all for your suggestions!
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The LAI-2200C (Plant Canopy Analyzer), estimates the leaf area index (LAI), or more accurately the Foliage Area Index, by different methods (LAI‑2000 Method, Lang Method, Ellipsoidal Method, and Constrained Least Squares Method).
Which of these methods has the best application with crop plants (corn, soybeans, wheat ...)?
Is it correct to use the average LAI between the methods?
Thanks!
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It is a type of advanced method to use this machine. How you can taake the measurement, you can watch this video, follow the above link.
Thank you!
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I’m working on an image processing project with aim of developing A method to differentiate between healthy and diseased cornea. I have images taken from SHG microscopy for the collagen bundles in the human corne. I have used GLCM and I obtained the correlation, energy, homogeneity and contrast of each image but the results are not good enough to use them as a solid evidence to classify the images. please can anyone suggest for me any other method that can be used to classify collagen bundles image that can be done witthin a short time or a method to enhance my glcm results.
Thank you in advance
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I'm using corn grits with added 5% moisture, hydration for 1h before extrusion process.
The final parameters
Screw speed : 160
Feed rate: 50 r/m
Temperature profile: 40-80-120-165-175-175
Water pump rate: none
Max Pressure: 165pa
What modification needed to increase the pressure, and thus getting a more desirable extruded product ?
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I think an increase in moisture of premix can help to alter pressure-temperature parameters.
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I burn Corn husks Sunflower husks after take analysis chemical the summation of AL2o3 with Sio2 become less than 60 .... CAN I PUT IN GEO POLYMER BRICK ?
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You can use, Make a sample and test for strength. Then even you can use any other secondary filler along with that, like minimum % of fly ash
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How to analyse the qualitative and nutritive values in baby corn in the laboratory such as sugar content, starch content, carbohydrate and protein content etc.
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Hi all,
Corn buntings are declining very rapidly. By that, we will figure out where their breeding site(s) are from our winter population Corn bunting. For that, we tried to use color rings/ bands, but this only give recoveries in the winter area; not in the summer.
By that, we will tag them with transmitters. For a permit, we need to show that this method by this species is a good method to refer to papers of this type of research by this species.
We couldn't find papers about this subject online by Google Scholar. Is there published research with this species you maybe know? I hope you can help us out?
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Not aware of published work. We will use this summer GPS tracking devices (nanoFix pathtrack) coupled with VHF transmitters on a small sample. Main issue: recovery to take down the GPS trackers. Hope I can tell more by July.
Best
Nils
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Malaysia and Indonesia are large producers of palm kernel cake(PKC). It is generally used as cattle feed as it helps increase milk production. However, due to its high cellulosic content, it is not popularly used as poultry feed.
Any advice on how to improve PKC's nutritional value as poultry feed so as to reduce the imports of corn ddgs etc as poultry feed?
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Hi everyone, this is my first time cultivating MRC5. I bought frozen vials from ATCC and Taiwan Bioresource Collection and Research Center (BCRC) respectively. I found that the growth of MRC5 greatly slows down and the morphology changes at PDL31.
Can anyone kindly suggest
  1. What can I do to prevent this condition please(other than buying new cell line)? I understand that MRC5 is a finite cell line but this condition persists and is making delay on my progress.
  2. Is there any other cell line suitable for toxicity testing? (eg: MRC-5 is widely used human diploid cell strains)?
My culture conditions is as follow.
i) Culture medium: MEM (Corning, 10-009)
ii) Serum: 10% FBS, regular, USDA approved origin (Corning, 35-010)
iii) Antibiotics: 1% Penicillin and Streptomycin (Corning, 30-002)
iv) Cultivation conditions: 37°C, 5% CO2
v) Storage: -80°C
**I've checked the amount of every components in the Corning culture media (eg: amino acids, vitamins) and they are exactly the same as the ATCC recommended culture media.
I first warmed the frozen vial at 37°C and added into fresh culture medium once the ice dissolved. Then I proceed with centrifugation (1000rpm, 5 minutes) to remove the DMSO. After that, I removed the supernatant and resuspended the pellet with fresh culture medium and incubate for at least 2-3days before the next passage.
P/S: Kindly ignore the shadow on my picture because I lost the phase annulus for the phase-contrast microscope.
Thank you so much!!
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Hello Yen Linn
MRC-5 are normal cells. Keeping this in mind if I were you, I would have made a stock of these cells after 2-3 passages after having received them from ATCC.
MRC-5 start showing changes in their characteristics after P25 to P30. They change their morphology and start growing slow. I would say one should not use MRC-5 after P20 for any experimental purpose.
The method you have followed including the culture medium is right. But a few points I need to mention to you.
1. Seed appropriate number of cells as these cells are density dependent.
2. At the time of subculturing do not over trypsinize the cells.
3. Split the cells when they are about 80% confluent. Do not wait for 100% confluency.
4. Avoid using these cells after P20 for any experiments.
If you have made a stock then you should thaw a new vial.
Regards.
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Length, volume, surface area and dry mass of corn roots treated with humic substances increased up to 13 liters per hectare and decreased with higher doses.
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Due to its influence on the mineralization and complexity process (C/N Ratio), the readiness of nutrients is this affected
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We know that P deficiency increases SL biosynthesis and its root exudation in maize, and also its known that SL biosynthesis and levels are higher in aboveground parts of maize under water stress and in mycorrhizal maize, but I couldnt find the exact changes in SL levels of maize roots under water stress.
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The discovery of SLs provided new opportunities in the last decade to explore the hormonal regulation of plant development and acclimatization to environmental constraints. These research endeavors also identified new instances of hormonal cross-talk participating in the orchestration of overall responses in plants.
see link below
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I dont have access to the needed enzymes for CF hydrolysis, so I'm wondering whether I can do the hydrolysis solely with the use of acids?
Has it ever been done before?
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Dear Maziar Javadpour, auto and acid hydrolysis may be used instead. Please check the following documents. My Regards