Coping - Science topic

To my mind, the key thing to teach about AI is its limitations. AI operates in a Classical Physics process while human intelligence is a Quantum process. AI has no method of incorporating meaning, it can only process things which can be expressed in binary code, and meaning is non-binary. Once students understand this distinction, they will be in a position to evaluate the output of AI on their own.

Try this music-specific link: https://www.public.asu.edu/~dnilsen/documents/musichumor.ppt

Or go here for a broader selection of different disciplines and/or topics: https://www.public.asu.edu/~dnilsen/

DLS (Dynamic Light Scattering) and SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy) measure particle size in fundamentally different ways, leading to differences in the reported values. DLS measures the hydrodynamic size of particles in a solution, which refers to the effective diameter of the particle as it moves through the solvent, influenced by factors such as particle shape, surface properties, and the surrounding solvent. It provides an average size of particles in the form of a hydrodynamic radius, which reflects the diffusion rate in Brownian motion. In contrast, SEM directly visualizes the dry, solid particle structure by scanning the surface morphology at high resolution, providing a static, surface-based measurement that is sensitive to shape, surface roughness, and aggregation, often leading to a smaller particle size compared to DLS. Thus, DLS tends to measure the "apparent" size in solution, while SEM reflects the actual particle size in a dry state.

Alžbeta Simon Thanks, I could forward this to my students but possible for you to get some people there to take our survey?

There are many possibilities. Here are two major options:

1. Self-efficacy. See Bandura and social learning theory or social cognitive theory.

2. Resiliency theory. Many different models exist.

When it comes to mitigating security risks in blockchain-based web applications, it is crucial to regularly conduct comprehensive security audits to identify and address any vulnerabilities. Staying updated on the latest blockchain security best practices, such as encryption methods and secure data storage, is essential to ensure the overall security of the application. Furthermore, ensuring the security of smart contracts by utilizing code review and testing processes can help prevent potential vulnerabilities and unauthorized access.

In addition, using hardware security modules (HSMs) for key protection can provide an added layer of security by securely managing cryptographic keys and performing cryptographic operations in a tamper-evident environment.

"In the U.S., some states guarantee minors full access to gender-affirming medical care while others ban such care outright. Instead, states should follow Europe’s example by adjusting policies based on weighing the emerging clinical evidence, writes independent healthcare analyst Joshua Cohen..."

Many references are given in text by hyperlinks provided.

In conclusion, supporting family members coping with the experience of assisted suicide requires a multifaceted approach that addresses their emotional, psychological, social, and existential needs. By acknowledging the complexity of grief and providing tailored interventions that promote resilience, validation, and meaning-making, healthcare professionals and support networks can help facilitate healing and adaptation in the aftermath of loss.

for road safety, we need to understand how professional drivers cope with stressful situations while driving.

The academic system, mainly a faculty of archiving knowledge, is not very flexible, with respect to tech-know-logical innovations, i.e. due to its bureaucratic hierachical nature as well its pre-dominant state-funding, the academic system will respond with a substantial time-lag to AI tools of new research and education.

However, with respect to the mental or cognitive decay of whole modern societies, I do agree with Carl Sagan:

I have a foreboding of an America in my children's or grandchildren's time -- when the United States is a service and information economy; when nearly all the manufacturing industries have slipped away to other countries; when awesome technological powers are in the hands of a very few, and no one representing the public interest can even grasp the issues; when the people have lost the ability to set their own agendas or knowledgeably question those in authority; when, clutching our crystals and nervously consulting our horoscopes, our critical faculties in decline, unable to distinguish between what feels good and what's true, we slide, almost without noticing, back into superstition and darkness... The dumbing down of American is most evident in the slow decay of substantive content in the enormously influential media, the 30 second sound bites (now down to 10 seconds or less), lowest common denominator programming, credulous presentations on pseudoscience and superstition, but especially a kind of celebration of ignorance.

Carl Sagan, The Demon-Haunted World: Science as a Candle in the Dark

Poetry can also be regarded as the creative probabilistics of natural human language.

You can either standardize the variables before your analysis (mean of zero and std. dev. of 1), or if they are independent variables in a regression, you can use the standardized coefficients.

yes, the moon is not always full. Up and down in life coexists.

Yes, ChatGPT has the capability to generate text that resembles philosophical essays. However, there are some important limitations and caveats to keep in mind:

- ChatGPT does not truly understand philosophy or have its own philosophical viewpoints. It is an AI trained on text data, not the meaning or reasoning behind complex philosophical concepts. Any essays it generates will essentially be an imitation of philosophical writing, without genuine comprehension or novel philosophical insights.

- The essays may cover philosophical topics and mimic argument structure, but lack depth and nuance in the treatment of ideas. There may be logical gaps or inconsistencies that require human judgment and expertise to identify and address.

- There are concerns around the originality and citing of sources in AI-generated text. Essays may inadvertently contain passages copied from the training data without attribution. This could be considered plagiarism in an academic context.

- The tone and quality can be uneven. While parts may sound eloquently philosophical, there may be sections that read awkwardly or fail to connect back to a central argument. Polishing and editing by a human would likely be required.

In terms of scientific studies, there has been some early research testing ChatGPT's capabilities, but assessing the coherence, accuracy and originality of generative AI essays on complex topics like philosophy remains an open challenge. More rigorous studies across philosophical domains would help clarify strengths, weaknesses and overall performance. The technology shows promise, but requires more validation before it can be considered a reliable tool for generating publishable philosophical essays without human guidance. Responsible use that embraces the human role is advised in an academic context.

Teaching learners with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in public special schools can be a challenging yet rewarding experience. Teachers must be prepared to adapt their teaching methods and classroom environment to meet the unique needs of each student. Here are some strategies that teachers can use to cope in teaching learners with autism:

1. **Develop a deep understanding of autism:** Teachers should familiarize themselves with the characteristics of ASD, including the range of symptoms and behaviors that can manifest in students. This knowledge will help them to better understand their students' individual needs and develop appropriate teaching strategies.

2. **Implement individualized education programs (IEPs):** IEPs are essential for providing students with ASD with a personalized learning plan that addresses their specific strengths, challenges, and goals. Teachers should work closely with parents, paraprofessionals, and other specialists to develop and implement effective IEPs.

3. **Create a structured and predictable learning environment:** Students with ASD often thrive in structured and predictable environments. Teachers should establish clear routines, provide consistent expectations, and use visual aids to help students anticipate transitions and manage their behavior.

4. **Utilize evidence-based teaching practices:** There are many effective teaching practices that have been shown to be beneficial for students with ASD. These include using positive reinforcement, breaking down tasks into smaller steps, providing clear instructions, and offering frequent opportunities for practice.

5. **Foster collaboration and communication:** Teachers should collaborate with paraprofessionals, parents, and other specialists to provide students with ASD with the support they need. They should also communicate regularly with parents to keep them informed of their child's progress and to address any concerns.

6. **Engage in ongoing professional development:** Teachers should continue to learn about autism and effective teaching strategies throughout their careers. There are many professional development opportunities available, such as conferences, workshops, and online courses.

7. **Practice self-care:** Teaching learners with ASD can be emotionally and physically demanding. It is important for teachers to take care of their own mental and physical health so that they can continue to provide effective support for their students.

8. **Seek support from colleagues:** Teachers can benefit from sharing their experiences and strategies with colleagues who teach learners with ASD. This can provide a sense of camaraderie, support, and new ideas.

9. **Recognize the unique strengths of students with ASD:** Students with ASD often have unique strengths and abilities that can be nurtured in the classroom. Teachers should strive to create a learning environment that allows students to develop their talents and interests.

10. **Celebrate successes:** It is important to recognize and celebrate the successes of students with ASD. This can help to boost their confidence and motivation, and it can also provide a sense of accomplishment for the teacher.

Teaching learners with ASD can be a challenging but rewarding experience. By implementing effective strategies, fostering collaboration, and practicing self-care, teachers can create a positive and supportive learning environment for their students.

Yes ofcourse we cope up with pollution reduction by converting organic pollutants to bio manure, use terrace garden, if small area also keep greening, rain water harvesting, genetic modified plants in agriculture for quick yield, advanced irrigation technology, adopt 5R concept in waste management

We must concern and need full awareness

Communication is the key, supporting towards each other also is the key

Dear doctor

Mental health is safe when one judges himself/herself upon all deeds he/she does and continue do the righteous works and dismiss the ugly ones.

Ill mind is when there is confusion and not able to discriminate between good and bad.

What is your question to us?

Thank you! I've also read about this on other references.

How about Spearman's rank correlation? Some references say I could use it, but I just wanted to confirm if it is okay.

There are two concepts related to optimization.

1) Exploration

2) Exploitation

Through crossover you are exploiting (mostly) or searching solution within the found solutions i.e. new chromosomes are formed using same values (genes) of the chromosomes. Whereas mutation can help to bring some more diversity in the population and can mutate a gene to any random point. Hence, mutation can introduce more diversity through exploration of other solutions rather than existing solutions.

Mohammad Reza Moravej

Our paper can give you some idea. The older you are the more likly you are to have found a meaning in life. You can compare students with those over 70 years.

You may get ideas from our paper:

Hi, I sent you a private message on researchgate.

Let me know,

Giada

It is generally appropriate to focus on specific domains or subscales of a measure when addressing a specific research question, as long as the domains or subscales are relevant to the research question and are supported by the literature.

In your case, if your research question is focused on the coping styles of fathers and mothers, and the two domains of the Ways of Coping Questionnaire (WoCQ) that you have chosen are relevant to this question and are widely used in the literature, then it is reasonable to focus on these domains and ignore the other domains of the WoCQ.

However, it is important to consider the potential limitations of this approach. By ignoring the other domains of the WoCQ, you may be missing important information about the coping styles of fathers and mothers. Additionally, if the selected domains have lower means compared to the unselected domains, it is possible that these domains may not be as representative of the coping styles of fathers and mothers.

In general, it is important to carefully consider the appropriateness of the measures and domains that you are using in your study, and to ensure that they are well-supported by the literature and relevant to your research question. If you are able to provide evidence from the literature to support your decision to focus on specific domains of the WoCQ, this can help to strengthen the validity of your study.

Yes, gender has an impact on climate adaptation policies in the Mediterranean and is considered an important and influential variable.

I think you can have your answer here:

Hegarty, D., Buchanan, B. ( 2021, June 25). The Value of NovoPsych Data – New Norms for the Brief-COPE. NovoPsych. https://novopsych.com.au/news/the-value-of-novopsych-data-new-norms-for-the-brief-cope/

George Engel’s biopsychosocial model firmly believes that a combination of three important factors; namely, biological, social, and psychological, is the best way to completely understand health and its issues. PsycholoGenie gives you a general overview of the biopsychosocial model.

Wouldn't it help to seek your answers in a little different population, namely the military? Unfortunately I don't have any examples of articles. But I do know this type of excercise is a quite common training method and I wouldn't be surprised if there was some information about coping with these circumstances.

Dear Idongesit Effiong Sampson ,

International Institute of Academic Research and Development (IIARD) http://www.iiardonline.org/ is (still) listed in the Beall’s list (https://beallslist.net ) under the name IIARD publication company. This is a red flag, but there are more disturbing things:

-Vague contact info (https://www.iiardjournals.org/contact/ ) basically absent

-They promise peer review within 7 days (https://www.iiardjournals.org/faq/ )

-Mentioned DOI looks weird, but some seem to work

-I see different sources mentioning an origin in India and others mentioning Nigeria, both with the same name (and both with no recent and updated registration)

-Journals have not a single serious indexing

Definitely a publisher with issues, better avoid this one.

Best regards.

Dear Beatrice Marianne Ewalds-Kvist, thank you very much for you reply.

If aim 1 is really what you want to do,The rest of what you say makes no sense. You need to investigate adaptive lasso variable selection and is only for predictive models.i have attached a paper for you to look at and an R program that you may find useful. Read the paper and it should show you that adaptive lasso is for you. Then the program should help you do that.ask questions if you wish. Best wishes for a successful project, David Booth

It sounds like you would end up with a regression model in which you have a very large number of predictor (independent) variables as well as many interaction terms (since you have so many different COPE variables). My advice would be to first think about meaningful ways to reduce the number of COPE variables to be included in the model, for example, by aggregation (calculation of a summary COPE score), factor analysis, or simply selection of the theoretically most meaningful COPE variables. Otherwise you might run into various problems when entering all individual COPE items into the regression (e.g., potential collinearity, too many individual significance tests, large model with many predictors, loss of power to detect interaction and other effects).

Other than that, you could run a hierarchical regression model with only the main effects (predictors, no interaction terms) in the first model, then add the interaction terms in Model 2 to see if they add anything to the prediction of the outcome. But, once again, I would try to reduce the overall number of predictors first to avoid problems in the analysis.

that should read ratio data, not ration data.

Hello Satwant,

That's a lot of questions!

For the most part, your hierarchical regressions should allow you to determine whether the brief cope scores add to the explanatory power for differences in anxiety scores beyond what the base variable set can explain. From this, it sounds as if the BC-1 items add the least to the mix (compared to BC-2, BC-3).

However, I probably would have looked for single scores to represent each of the three purported BC factors instead of entering individual items as IVs. Perhaps factor analysis or some other method of generating a composite score for each factor would be helpful here (and make your interpretation of significant effects a bit more straightforward).

I don't see any specific need for post hoc tests following a regression (your Q2).

If you're interested in moderation effects attributable to coping, the key is to evaluate whether BC scores interact with one or more target IVs to increase the explained variation beyond what the BC score and the target IV can account for, without an interaction term.

Good luck with your work.

Dear Nader Aghakhani . As you close more to Allah (GOD) as you will be more satisfied with life.

Agree with Carl L Tishler that every journal has its own instruction on where to put the COI. It's usually in the instruction for authors. When it's unclear, I usually put it in the cover page, which is separated from the body of the article. This is for the purpose of anonymous review process since the COI may reveal your indentity. Afterwards when the review is completed, you may put the COI in the body of text (e.g. after conclusion, before reference list) or as the journal directed. But where you put the COI is not a deal breaker if you put it at the wrong place. The journal's administrator will inform you to move it elsewhere before passing it to the editor.

Thank you Suraj Kapoor for answering my question!

It allowed me to understand deeper about the context of my study, as I found out that it is preferred to examine relationships with subscale scores as continuous variables and outcomes. Investigators often dichotomize results into burnout – non-burnout but there is no accepted standard definition.

Also, I gained more understanding of logistic regression!

My first exposure was having conversations with my fencing coach who was also a cardiologist. The next time when I was a medical specialist (combat medic) in the US Army I was allowed to give out certain medications, had to record them in patient charts, and also had to stock my supply cabinet and encourage to read the hospital formulary, and PDR. Years later I had a job working at a generic drug company as a data research analyst in drug development. My job was to keep a database of drugs that we potentially could produce. I had to visit different websites including various drug companies, medical/drug information sites, drugs@fda to monitor drug approvals, and pharmacy/distribution websites. I also worked clinically and did clinical research in various places at different universities. I finally took pharmacology. It was an online course. Took some free pharmacy courses through various MOOCs. Read a lot of books and online.

Mahammed Faizan Wael Fathy Ali El Metwally , Leo Radores Aref Wazwaz ,Thank you for your valuable comments.

Yes, I support the responses of Sachin Suknunan and Rodney Duffett .

Kind Regards,

I do agree Professor Dr.Patrick Webb's statement that it will be a useful tool to identify the gaps existing in the Food Insecurity regions or areas.

I had reviewed the manuscript from Nigeria, Kebbi region that the author has applied Food Insecurity Index but not Coping strategies Index.

It is possible to measure with suitable indicators that coping strategies index can be measured on the area or the region.

Though it is qualitative measurement that needs to be tested with potential indicators that will help to identify the problems in Food Insecurity situation.

The following links should help towards access and permissions

please search in the database science direct or clinical keys using the key words

1.coping strategy

2.work place stress

3.healthy workplace

You will find the articles you need

Good luck

Orapan

Please help with KIDCOPE TOOL please

Evamaria: Children are much more able to use humor and laughter than are adults. As part of the "maturing process," we teach children to be "more serious." Here is a PowerPoint related to "Humor and Education." You can see in the PowerPoint that the children are enjoying themselves, and smiling and laughing a lot. P.S. Best of success with your research. Let's keep in touch.

Selection bias may arise when the analysis does not include all of the participants, or all of their follow-up after initiation of intervention, that would have been included in the target randomized trial. The ROBINS-I tool addresses two types of selection bias: (1) bias that arises when either all of the follow-up or a period of follow-up following initiation of intervention is missing for some individuals (for example, bias due to the inclusion of prevalent users rather than new users of an intervention), and (2) bias that arises when later follow-up is missing for individuals who were initially included and followed (for example, bias due to differential loss to follow-up that is affected by prognostic factors). ROBIN-I consider the first type of selection bias under “Bias in selection of participants into the study” and aspects relating to loss to follow up are covered under “Bias due to missing data”.

For further information, read 'ROBIN-I detailed guidance- 2016' (https://www.riskofbias.info/welcome/home/current-version-of-robins-i/robins-i-detailed-guidance-2016).

Holly Woods, assuming that you have a continuous variable to represent confidence, there are several ways you could analyse your data. At the simplest level, you could simply conduct an independent-samples t-test in which you compared the final scores on confidence for males versus females.

At a slightly more sophisticated level, you could also conduct an independent-samples t-test on the original confidence scores to explore whether the two groups were similar at the start of your study.

You could also calculate, for each person, a before and after confidence score, then conduct an independent-samples t-test (again males versus females) on those "difference" scores.

I recommend you conduct an ANCOVA in which you use the baseline level of each person's confidence score as the covariate.

Which of the above you choose might depend on the level of statistical and methodological sophistication expected of you as well as your own confidence with stats.

And, of course, you would need to consider something other than any of the above if your data need to be regarded as ordinal or categorical in nature. You really need to have provided that kind of information if you'd like others to help you.

Interesting study, completed the questionnaire.

Wishing you further success with your coping strategy research.

Dear friend.

This article can helpful for you:

(PDF) Perceived Stress and Coping Strategies (researchgate.net).

You are welcome Jonathan Álvarez Ariza .

Adding gap between port or geometry will not solve it.

Go to Simulation tab, in the boundaries, use open add space in the direction of discrete port or lumped element / or overall positive and negative x,y,z axis.

In academic life, the pressure to publish is especially severe prior to tenure. The junior faculty member often faces a tradeoff between publishing in a major journal where the acceptance rates are lower and a lesser-tier periodical where acceptance rates are higher. If one finds a colleague or colleagues or graduate school advisors with whom one has co-authored in the past, maintain a working relationship with them as it can continue to bear fruit in the future.

First of all, I have to ask one thing that this question is to focus the stakeholders in developing countries or developed countries because things are totally different from these two countries context.

The developing countries having more agricultural wage labourers whereas in the developed countries have technical know-how are more.

Whatever the COVID 19 destruction that most of the economic productive activities were totally stopped.

The no money rotation and the failure of the business cycle operations in the given economy.

Even agriculture, livestock production have deteriorated and have drastic decrease in production and output.

The GDP growth has also affected in most of the countries. Both pre-pandemic and pandemic period have serious impact of the COVID 19 pandemic in the country.

The slackness in the business cycle from production upto market that there was no option to expedite process due to the pandemic period.

The income of the household has been decreased that reflected in the purchase power of the people.

Drought may be termed as a hydro-climatic disaster and forest cover can be used as an indicator of drought vulnerability both from environment and socio-economic perspective. Drought vulnerability depends on various socio-economic and environmental indicators in concerned area.

But regretfully, journals want new things not reconfirming. How about extension?

Depending on your research hypothesis, you should calculate sum scores from each of the 14 coping strategies included. As far as I'm concerned, there is no way to categorise responses; also, there is no need to do so. Simply work with the 14 scores as if they were quantitative variables. Here are the official instructions: https://local.psy.miami.edu/faculty/ccarver/sclBrCOPE.phtml

That said, I must mention that, from a psychometric point of view, the Brief COPE can be a bit problematic. I strongly suggest you estimate reliability (e.g. Cronbach's alpha) on EACH of the 14 subscales separately (an overall alpha does not make any sense for the Brief COPE). If some subscales show extremely poor reliability (say, <.60), you may reconsider whether to include them in your final analyses.

Good luck with your work!

We have been through several plagues and the classic composers died rather young. the popular diagnosis was neurosyphilis, which is called schizophrenia now. We have been through tuberculosis, polio twice, HIV and so on. What we learned from these pandemic and endemics is that nobody can foresee what happens. We were supposed to consider our body as the temple of the Lord. This has long already been forgotten and all kind of perversions exist. People do not like restrictions and some oppose vaccinations. We cannot blame the authorities for that. I attach a reminder from our polio waves in Finland.

Cronbach alphas are a measure of internal consistency for a given sample of an specific measure. When you have high internal consistency on subscales but low consistency on the overall scale, it may mean that the construct of the complete scale is not captured well by the subscales. In other words, you may find that a construct is multi rather than unidimensional. If this is the case, then sometimes you will have a low reliability coefficient for the whole scale but high reliability for subscales. This is because the subscales are measuring more specific dimensions of the construct. Also, if the subscales are not strongly correlated, you might also find that a higher order construct represented by the complete scale will show lower reliability. If I were you, I would run a factor analysis on the measure to assess its dimensionality. Of course, there are other reasons for low reliability, such as context. That is, the alpha coefficient is not an index of the reliability of the measure in general, but rather for the unique sample and context in which data were collected. This may be worth considering as well.

Cory

Comparing and contrasting your major findings with the findings of other closely related researchers, you need to write the Discussion section of your thesis. Comparison is not part of your recommendation section. Considering several factors and inline with the research questions or the objectives of your own investigation, you need to write your recommendations strongly and persuasively.

Suggestion: Code your qualitative data into a small number of categories that reflect the main ways hotels cope. Assuming there are several hotels that fall in each category, you could do a one-way analysis of variance to see if the mean occupancy rates differ among the category groups.

El agua es muy importante para la vida, pero de hecho se están investigando posibles efectos secundarios. Es cierto que al hervir el agua esta hace una base blanca en el fondo llamada magnesia que es perjudicial para el organismo humano.

Cross-Cultural Validation and Psychometric Properties of the Arabic Brief Religious Coping Scale (A-BRCS)

Journal of Religion and Health volume 55, pages16–25 (2016)

I appreciate your contribution to our discussion.

When people withdraw at the point of submission, they may have doubts about quality or accuracy. However, you can still acknowledge their specific contribution in a footnote provided you make it clear that you are solely responsible for the use you've made of their contribution, especially any conclusions drawn.

However, when they back out in the middle of things, leaving you in the lurch regarding essential input from them on which you were relying, well, if there are no legal contracts involved, there's not much you can do to cope other than accept it as a lesson learned 😞 and moving on.

Of course yes!; in fact, there is a lot of bibliography about it that, without going any further, you can consult in "Google"; but, in addition, its correlation with the Frydenberg and Lewis -1993 Coping Scale for Adolescents (ACS or CSA) is quite high

Citation: Patterson, J. M. & McCubbin, H.I. (1987). Adolescent coping style and behaviors: conceptualizations and measurement. Journal of Adolescence, 10, 153-186. McCubbin, H.I., & Thompson, A.I. (Eds.). (1987). Family assessment inventories for research and practice. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.

Mainly online courses is not enough for students so conferences, online workshops and further readings would be useful in order to improve the traditional way of thinking and learning.

A negative indirect effect here means that perceived stress (X) is negatively related to well-being (Y) through its effect on positive religious coping (M). The indirect effect is negative because X->M is negative but M-> Y is positive. When these two are multiplied to give you an indirect effect, they result in a negative product. Hope this helps.

Thank you very very very much. Your answer is very helpful.

But could you help me with an updated reference.

Thanks again.

COPE can investigate complaints, as described on their website https://publicationethics.org. COPE will produce a report on a situation reported to them, but does not have the power to force a journal to adhere to its policies. However, a negative report from COPE is not good for the reputation of a journal and may help to make the journal behave in a more ethical way. So an author who is treated unethically by a journal should make a report on the COPE website.

Coping Strategies Inventory

By observation and measurement

This paper is here on RG. Contact the writers:

Methods of assessment for affected family members

I believe the CISS has copyright:

You can use the while statement and count the number of iterations. ... 1:nrow( outcomes)){ shot<-runif(1,min=0,max=1) first shot count <- 1 while (shot > ... a more complex Russian Roulette game in R, and decided to make a function ... Note that this function works for any amount of players (e.g. 26 players):

Yes: Of course ... especially the one already known as "Post Covid Syndrome" with serious neurological and muscular disorders, chronic fatigue, etc; In addition, several experts warn that, in the long term, it is quite possible that it generates various Dementias and Nurocognitive Disorders, perhaps due to the neurotrophic nature of the Covid-19 coronavirus, as is happening with HIV / AIDS.

Happy New Year 2021!

Check out all of the global work by Professor Graham Thornicroft. He seems to be the best informed of the global patterns of stigma with mental health.

I would like to assume that frontline workers dealing with the COVID - 19 pandemic would have been given access to mental health resources. However, it not there are several ways this can be achieved - (e.g., individual vs group basis). It might make sense to begin forming a group (lead by a mental health professional) where workers can share stories with one another. This would help provide an "outlet" for those needing one, as well as hear how others are coping, which they may find helpful. In addition to providing support, this group can also help identify individuals who would need more intensive therapy/counseling that can be provided individually.

I recommend you first create your moderation term outside of your lavaan model using the 'semTools' package command 'orthogonalize'. Using this command you will use centered residuals to create your interaction term as suggested by Todd Little. To make sure you are using his suggested approach make sure you are set matching=false when you use the 'semTools:orthogonalize' command. After you create this term you can use it in your model as a latent factor - it creates indicators for ever possible combination between your latent factor indicators and whatever indicators for the other latent factor or observed variable you are creating the term for. make sure you also set covariances between your new interaction latent variable and the variables in the model used to create it to 0 (e.g. interaction_term ~~ 0*jd) . Below is an article that can help.

Little, T. D., Bovaird, J. A., & Widaman, K. F. (2006). On the merits of orthogonalizing powered and product terms: Implications for modeling interactions among latent variables. Structural Equation Modeling, 13(4), 497-519.