Science topic

Cooperative Behavior - Science topic

The interaction of two or more persons or organizations directed toward a common goal which is mutually beneficial. An act or instance of working or acting together for a common purpose or benefit, i.e., joint action. (From Random House Dictionary Unabridged, 2d ed)
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Fine is an enigmatic word that has many facets of feelings. We went out for dinner with a friend, and our friend said "Let's go to a fine restaurant!". That means the best of its kind. After dinner, we asked "How's the food?", and he said, "It's fine!". That means the food is okay. We exited the restaurant and saw his car was towed for parking at the wrong spot. Then we were fined meaning being charged for money. And when we asked our friend, "You okay?", He replied, "I'm FINE!". That means he felt terrible about the event that just occurred.
A similar thing happened when I asked my students whether they understood what was just taught. Most of them would say "yes!" with perhaps a different level of understanding. And what does that response inform me as their teacher? It's almost nothing. I think there have to be a million better questions we can ask the students to check their understanding, intrigue them to elaborate more, and build interpersonal relationships that later foster trust between each other (student-teacher or student-student). What would be the questions you could think of? I wonder. #teacher #education #collaboration #cooperation #interpersonal #fine
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O.k. yes, answering with authenticity requires trust. In the Inclusive Leadership Co-operative, we start building community (trust) by asking four questions (done in a fun, lively, and intimate way that includes Jessica Marie Barriere open ended, safe, and group participation).
"What do you need/what do you do to create...?" We ask this header four times with different last words which are respect, safety, choice and fun. These are pretty universal needs for engagement (not necessarily all at the same time). The method of asking, and sorting the questions and sharing it back to the whole group all contributes to building trust. It can take 30 minutes or a couple hours, but the impact lasts as long as the group is a group. Posters made from the responses reveal group values/guidelines.
In classes with many cultures this can help everyone identify what is most important for interacting in the group.
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My question is rather theoretical - It is possible that an incremental increase in concentration of a rate-limiting step enzyme (e.x. 1.2 fold increase) can lead to a 5-10 fold increase in concentration of the final product?
I am not an enzyme kinetics expert and I am looking for some well established example(s) in literature that may demonstrate such case (I do not count the cooperative behavior of a multimeric enzyme).
Thank you very much for any examples or explanation of what might be rather a trivial question.
Lukas
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If we are talking about a monomeric enzyme that is fully active as a monomer, then a 1.2-fold increase in the enzyme concentration should lead to a 1.2-fold increase in the initial rate of the reaction.
One can imagine a case in which the enzyme is inactive as a monomer but active as a dimer or oligomer, and the value of the dissociation constant is such that the small increase in the monomer concentration leads to a proportionally larger increase in the active form. This would be most likely in the case of positively cooperative oligomerization.
I can think of a few improbable artifact-related situations. In one, the enzyme is lost from the reaction to surface adsorption, but the lower enzyme concentration is just sufficient to saturate the surface, so that there is a lot more free enzyme available at the higher concentration. In another, the amount of product formed at the lower concentration is just below the limit of detection, whereas the amount formed at the higher enzyme concentration is above it.
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Dears,
I am working on the role of ICT in cooperative behavior of farmers in crop disease management. I just came across the term digital dualism which is mainly used in the highly techno-savvy environment. Do anyone has come across a perspective or literature that tries to bring it into the rural context?
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Digital dualism is concept that defines the opposition between online and offline realms. From the ontological point of view one reality can be or virtual, or material. From the epistemological point of view these two realities, in order to ensure communication, must be integrated with specific sets of tools. One possible reference: https://www.cogitatiopress.com/politicsandgovernance/article/view/1338
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Develop some characteristics of social-interaction networks, and discuss their role in determining learning, diffusion, decisions, and resulting behaviors. Discuss also the challenges of accounting for the networks in assessing the relationship between the patterns of interactions and behaviors.
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This is a very interesting subject that you have brought up Jules SADEFO KAMDEM . However, it requires intense study and understanding before we can give a ready answer.
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Hill equation is used to determine the degree of cooperative behavior in ligand -enzyme interactions. If I would like to utilize this equation in DNA-DNA or protein-DNA interaction, is it convenient? Could I determine the degree of cooperativeness from the Hill equation or is there any better way to comment on the cooperativity in complementary DNA interaction?
Any of your comment or suggestion will be highly appreciable. Thank you for your attention.
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The Hill equation for cooperative ligand binding is general. It should be useful for any stoichiometric interaction wherein the "receptor" has more than one binding site for the "ligand." One of the binding partners (receptor) is kept at a constant concentration, which should be substantially below the Kd to avoid significant ligand depletion, and the ligand is titrated.
It might be difficult to use this approach for single-stranded DNA if the DNA molecule can form intramolecular double-strands instead of binding to the other DNA or the protein. Also, for very short double-stranded DNA oligos, the strands may dissociate from each other at low concentrations.
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I am looking into different evolutionary pathways to sociality in different species; cooperative breeding being one of them.
Sea lions are very social, but do not appear to be cooperative breeders. E.g. " Fostering has only rarely been documented in SSL [34, 38] and female SSL are commonly aggressive towards pups not their own" (Hastings et al, 2017)
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Hello Samuel; I've never read a paper that suggests anything like cooperative behavior among sea lions. Males are utterly oblivious to pups and females either ignore or are hostile to pups other than their own. I'd interpret their social behavior as the antithesis of cooperative. Best regards, Jim Des Lauriers
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Background - we played Jenga last night: you know, 54 pieces of wood stacked up on 18 levels one on another. You take the piece out and put it on top and so on. Building continues until the tower falls and the person causing it to fall loses.
Question: what is really a success? Starting with 18 levels you go up but is it better to win on level 24 or lose on level 31? It takes quite some effort and mastery to exceed level 30...
Well? What would you choose and why?
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Earl Nightangale’s definition is the best one in my opinion, “Success is the progressive realization of a worthy idea.“
Success is not then achievement but the feeling while chasing a goal.
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I once took the unpopular position (in Saskatchewan, Canada) that instead of putting restrictions on Hutterite housing and colony size and constantly bailing out other farmers, the levels of gov’t should just go laissez-faire and let the Hutterites take over agriculture, which was always going through economic ups and downs because of drought, hail, fluctuating prices, etc. What are some reasons for and against?
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This question is completely irrelevant (so it seems to me) for modern Russia.
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I’m not sure that my answer is directly related to the question asked, but I’ll say that the Russian economy only lost without recreating the national autonomy of the Volga Germans after 1991, the question of restoring the national autonomy of the Volga Germans that existed in the RSFSR from December 19, 1923 to 1923 August 28, 1941.
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Old Believers
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If we talk about economic ethics and practice, what do we see? Both the missionaries and those who traveled around the country, for example, Aksakov, who were sent to Moldova and Bessarabia, were surprised, left notes that the Old Believer villages are more prosperous: there are cleaner, more horses, cows and so on. And so almost everywhere. Thrift - yes, idleness - no. No one should be idle - community interaction, help, trust. Institutions of trust could transform into the area of ​​capital. When a community finds itself in a situation of persecution, these questions are quickly actualized, any ways of fighting for survival become important and significant.
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Cooperation is an important topic in all social sciences and quite a few natural ones. Some of those have taxonomies (typologies, classification schemes, whatever you want to call them) of the different types of cooperation in THEIR discipline. E.g. economists/management theorists have different types of cooperation between companies (e.g. for 'strategic alliances - ranging from consortia to M&A; or from contractual to transactional arrangements, etc.). Ecologists talk about mutualism, commensalism, etc. And I can go on and on. I've also been surprised that I have not been able to find this in the disciplines where I would have expected to find this. Game theorists have thought deeply about the nature of strategic interaction, but apparently less about the different TYPES of cooperation. To network scientists, a node seems to be 'just' a node and an 'edge' just an edge. Public choice scholars look a lot at aggregating individual choices, but again I haven't found any systematic treatment of the types of cooperative choices.
My question: has anybody ever come across an attempt to derive some taxonomic principles ACROSS these disciplines? Whereby we try to lift these discipline-specific classification schemes of types of cooperation between THEIR units to a higher level of abstraction in order to explore what a taxonomy of cooperation 'primitives' might look like. The idea would be to then explore which 'types' within this taxonomy occur more 'in the wild', what their pros and cons are. 
Any pointers to any relevant literature would be greatly appreciated. And if you are genuinely interested in this, please do drop me a note and I will then invite you to the collaborative online space where we are exploring these issues in more detail. Thanks!
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I don't know of any such cross-disciplinary taxonomy but I have a similar desire to yourself for a more interdisciplinary integration of the study of cooperation and have a paper (attached, with citation below) that tabulates focus, levels of analysis, methods and sample references for a range of disciplines that study cooperation. I would be interested to join your online space. John Lazarus (j.lazarus@ncl.ac.uk)
 Lazarus, J (2003) Let’s cooperate to understand cooperation. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 26, 2, 169-170.
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My question relates to any set of independent but interacting robots (>10 say) each with non-trivial cognitive abilities. No central control. 
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It looks as if the answer to my original question is "There are no such projects".
But ... surely technically feasible (am I wrong?) for "social" hierarchies to emerge ... someone somewhere must be looking at this ... and I keep wondering about drones ....
Jim
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Although really useful in my daily practice, I have observed that TCI-R is sometimes flawed by desiderative, lack of insight or social prescription bias from the subject who answers to the inventory questions. I wonder myself if there would be any chance for having the relatives perspective when doing a personality assessment. Maybe if there would be any heteroaplicated version for the inventory? Could you offer any advise in order to ameliorate the accuracy of the measure. Thank you in advance!
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Thanks to you, indeed.
I agree with your observation but I think you'd be trying to "correct" your data for something that is already factored into Cloninger's construct. It seems to me that this issue is inherent to the nature of psychometric evaluation. 
Anyway, you could try to assess also defense mechanisms and see how your subjects fare; take a look at these: 
Kamel Gana, Pascaline K'Delant, The effects of temperament, character, and defense mechanisms on grief severity among the elderly, Journal of Affective Disorders, Volume 128, Issues 1–2, January 2011, Pages 128-134, ISSN 0165-0327, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2010.06.017.
Keywords: Grief; Prolonged grief; Temperament; Character; TCI; Defense mechanisms
Personality and Defense Mechanisms in Late Adulthood
J Aging Health August 2008 20: 526-544, first published on May 2, 2008
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A couple of frequently cited studies suggest that the presence of ‘eye images’ increase pro-social / cooperative behavior in natural and experimental settings.
According to these studies (most prominently by a group at Newcastle University around M Bateson and D Nettle), life-sized images of eyes seem to have an astonishing effect on cooperation levels.
Others (e.g. Fehr & Schneider, Raihani & Bshary 2012) found zero effect when investigating the impact of ‘eye cues’ on cooperativeness in their experimental studies. In a field study in a natural setting (forthcoming in Theory and Decision), we only find weak, statistically not significant effects of eye images on honesty (for details, please see https://www.researchgate.net/publication/264556879_Eyes_on_social_norms_A_field_study_on_an_honor_system_for_newspaper_sale or http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11238-014-9460-1 )
I wonder if the effect of eye images is over-rated after all, maybe as a result of a publication bias – i.e. it is much easier to publish results than non-results in peer-reviewed journals.
I am interested in your opinions on that. I also wonder if you are aware of non-results of similar studies which have not been reported in Scopus-indexed journals.
Best regards,
Thomas
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My co-author, Richard E. Matland, and I just completed and submitted for review a study of using eyes to mobilize voters to the polls. We sent post cards with eyes in a number of cities and got no statistical effect and little to no substantive effect (compared to a control group). On the other hand, Costas Panagopoulos has two published pieces showing this technique can statistically but weakly mobilize voters. For me, I would not invest in this technique if I were managing a campaign. -- Gregg 
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In many studies the designations in a cooperative and collaborative work appears very little explicit. There are some authors who put forward the idea that cooperative work converges to a concrete and explicit goal as collaborative work seems more focused on work context and its aim is broader and less explicit. This will only? also historically began to speak first cooperative working collaborative that. Will have do with the various pedagogical movements?
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Indirectly we can say Strategies for Increasing Students' Achievement Motivation include many things. We selected the following strategies in our survey to examine the level of acceptability and practice by lecturers: goal setting, cooperative learning, mastery learning, mastery goal orientation, task-related comments, and task choices.