Convergence - Science topic

In this article, we study the fractional form of a well-known dynamical system from mathematical biology, namely, the Lotka–Volterra model. This mathematical model describes the dynamics of a predator and a prey, and we consider here the fractional form using the Rabotnov fractional-exponential (RFE) kernel. In this work, we derive an approximate f...

Andalusia, a Spanish Autonomous Community with a Convergence objective under the European Union, has had to manage a relevant volume of European resources for regional innovation throughout the last two European Programming periods, namely 2007-2013 and 2014-2020. For this reason, studying the impact on business results of European Funds for innova...

High resolution half spreading rate data from the mid ocean ridges of the Indian ocean exhibit sudden peak at 21-23 Ma. Of the four spreading ridges present in the Indian ocean, Carlsberg Ridge, Central Indian Ridge, and Southeast Indian Ridge record dynamic imprints of this velocity flareup, presenting an interesting question in the India-Eurasia...

We consider a minimizing movement scheme of Chambolle-type for the mean curvature flow equation with prescribed contact angle condition in a smooth bounded domain in R d (d ≥ 2). We prove that an approximate solution constructed by the proposed scheme converges to the level-set mean curvature flow with prescribed contact angle provided that the dom...

Our focus is on refining the Variational Iteration Method (VIM), which will henceforth be called R-VIM. We begin by introducing a general linear operator and consequently the Lagrange's multiplier; then, minimizing the residual error, we subsequently find the optimal linear operator as well as the best fitting Lagrange's multiplier for a given diff...

In this paper, we develop a second-order accurate scheme for the extended Fisher–Kolmogorov (EFK) equation and investigate its global-in-time energy stability and convergence. The proposed scheme uses the Fourier spectral collocation method in space and the stabilization Runge--Kutta--Munthe--Kaas-2e (RKMK2e) method for temporal approximation. To d...

Some new classes of general harmonic biconvex directional variational inequalities are introduced and investigated. The study proposes and analyses various inertial iterative strategies for addressing harmonic directed variational inequalities through the auxiliary principle technique. The convergence criteria under specific weak conditions , empha...

Pressure waves in bubbly flows are attenuated by various factors such as liquid viscosity and compressibility. However, existing studies have not elucidated the attenuation mechanism and lack quantitative comparisons. This study investigates the weakly nonlinear propagation of pressure waves in liquids containing spherical bubbles with varying cros...

It is of significant interest in many applications to sample from a high-dimensional target distribution $\pi$ with the density $\pi(\mathrm{d} x) \propto e^{-U(x)} (\mathrm{d} x) $, based on the temporal discretization of the Langevin stochastic differential equations (SDEs). In this paper, we propose an explicit projected Langevin Monte Carlo (PL...

Thermomechanical stress induced by through-silicon vias (TSVs) plays an important role in the performance and reliability analysis of 2.5D/3D ICs. While the finite element method (FEM) adopted by commercial software can provide accurate simulation results, it is very time-and memory-consuming for large-scale analysis. Over the past decade, the line...

In this paper, we introduce and investigate some new classes of trifunction harmonic variational inequalities. Several important new problems are obtained as special cases. Some new harmonic Bregman distance functions are derived for the Shannan entropy and Burg entropy harmonic convex functions. The auxiliary principle technique involving the harm...

The 2025 IEEE 1st International Conference on Materials, Robotics & Automation, Computer, and Control (ICMRACC-2025), which took place from March to 14-16, 2025, represents a significant milestone in advancing the convergence of cutting-edge technologies. This inaugural event, fully sponsored by the IEEE Robotics and Automation Society, is set to b...

In this paper, we consider output feedback stabilization for a one-dimensional unstable heat equationwhere there is an unknown constant system parameter. By means of the adaptive control approach, we design a new parameter update law to estimate the unknown constant. Meanwhile, an observer is also designed to estimate the system state which does no...

For a typical adhesive contact problem, a rigid sphere initially adhered to a relaxed viscoelastic substrate is pulled away from the substrate at finite speeds, and the pull-off force is often found to depend on the rate of pulling. Despite significant theoretical advancements in this area, how the apparent adhesion enhancement is affected by the M...

This paper focuses on solving singularly perturbed parabolic equations of the convection-diffusion type with a large negative spatial shift and an integral boundary condition. A higher-order uniformly convergent numerical approach is proposed that uses Crank-Nicolson and a hybrid finite difference approximation on a piece-wise uniform Shishkin mesh...

Sequences of structured matrices of increasing size, such as generalized locally Toeplitz sequences, arise in many scientific applications and especially in the numerical discretization of linear differential problems. We assume that the eigenvalues of a matrix X_n , belonging to a sequence of such kind, are given by a regular expansion. Under this...

In order to solve variational inequality problems for which the cost operator is quasimonotone and Lipschitz continuous in real Hilbert spaces, we propose a new double inertial subgradient extragradient method. The new method involves double inertial extrapolation steps and a self-adaptive step size. The weak convergence result of our method is est...

Autonomous berthing is the last crucial step in achieving full autonomy for unmanned surface vehicles (USVs). It can be transformed into a trajectory-tracking problem. A novel autonomous berthing controller based on fixed-time generalized super-twisting is proposed and the unknown disturbance and model nonlinearity are also considered. First, the f...

This paper addresses negative definiteness conditions of quadratic functions, common in control problems with time-varying delay systems. Existing geometric conditions, relaxed by partitioning techniques , may lack monotonic convergence, making their optimality questionable. Alternative conditions based on the generalized S-procedure are known to b...

Time-dependent reliability analysis has received increasing attention for assessing the performance and safety of engineered components and systems subject to both random and time-varying dynamic factors. However, many existing methods may prove insufficient when applied to real-world problems, particularly in terms of applicability, efficiency and...

This paper presents a 3D variational phase-field cohesive fracture model that incorporates crack direction information into the energy functional. Through an analytical homogenization procedure, the crack normal is obtained in closed form based on the principle of energy minimization. We find that, within the proposed model, several widely recogniz...

We propose an original algorithm that significantly improves the convergence of differential evolution (DE) regardless of the strategy used to calculate the mutant vectors of the population. It is well-known that the DE routine requires special tuning, depending on the optimization problem, to increase the convergence rate, but this does not always...

A Lecture on the Digital Transformation Approach in the Education Ecosystem in the Emerging Era of Convergence. The presentation navigates through the aspects of an anti-fragile approach to architect the future generations in the current context of chaos in the global arena. The creative convergence of data, design and decentralization becomes the...

In this paper, we propose a double stochastic block method for solving nonlinear systems (DSBN), which unifies some stochastic row-block and column-block methods in a unified framework. Convergence analysis of the new algorithm is established based on local tangential cone conditions. Furthermore, to reduce the computations of the Jacobian matrix i...

Satellite edge computing (SatEC) has received much attention from the academic community due to its extensive coverage capabilities and latency-reducing properties. Optimizing computing offloading and resource allocation presents a significant challenge for SatEC. For the dynamic changes in the satellite network environment and large-scale applicat...

The functions under approximation here have as a domain a finite dimensional Banach space with dimension N ∈ N and are with values in RN. Exploiting some topological properties of the above we are able to perform Neural Network multivariate approximation to the above functions. The treatment is quantitative. We produce multivariate Jackson type ine...

The low-rank decomposition model is frequently employed in defect detection. It separates the target matrix into a low-rank component and a sparse component using the nuclear norm and the \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usep...

Lanes changing is one of the basic behaviors of vehicle driving, which has a significant impact on road traffic safety and stability. Aiming at the problem of slow convergence rate in solving the optimal control problem of vehicle lane changing, an optimal lane changing control method based on hp adaptive pseudospectral method is proposed. By estab...

Statistical convergence and some related types of convergence are a generalisation of topological convergence. Similarly, soft set theory, introduced by Molodtsov to deal with uncertainty in various scientific fields, is a generalisation of the classical concept of sets. Although both concepts have found extensive applications to various mathematic...

This paper aims to explore the long-term behavior of some nonlocal high-order-in-time wave equations. These equations, which have come to be known as Moore–Gibson–Thompson equations, arise in the context of acoustic wave propagation when taking into account thermal relaxation mechanisms in complex media such as human tissue. While the long-term beh...

We apply the YUKI algorithm to interactive evolutionary computation as a new approach in candidate solution retrieval. The YUKI algorithm searches for the optimal solution by balancing convergence and divergence of the current optimal solution candidates. The proposed method presents various solution candidates through the convergence and divergenc...

Quantum Electrodynamics (QED) and Quantum Gravity (QG) are two fundamental quantum field theories governing electromagnetism and gravitational interactions, respectively. While QED is a well-established renormalizable quantum field theory, QG remains elusive due to its non-renormalizability in perturbative frameworks. In this paper, we analyse whet...

The recent advancement of foundation models (FMs) has brought about a paradigm shift, revolutionizing various sectors worldwide. The popular optimizers used to train these models are stochastic gradient descent-based algorithms, which face inherent limitations, such as slow convergence and stringent assumptions for convergence. In particular, data...

Reinforcement learning (RL) has proven highly effective in addressing complex decision-making and control tasks. DACER is a diffusion-based online RL algorithm that employs multimodal policy and demonstrates strong performance. However, due to the black-box nature of diffusion policy optimization, the final distribution of the policy that DACER con...

The study presents a novel algorithm for solving third-order non-linear equations (Emden–Fowler type), which can be applied to various physical models. The algorithm uses a quintic trigonometric B-spline collocation method and a quasilinearization technique to avoid the non-linearity term in the equation. The study established a comprehensive error...

Mixture choice experiments investigate people’s preferences for products composed of different ingredients. To ensure the quality of the experimental design, many researchers use Bayesian optimal design methods. Efficient search algorithms are essential for obtaining such designs. Yet, research in the field of mixture choice experiments is not exte...

We develop and analyze stochastic variants of ISTA and a full backtracking FISTA algorithms (Beck and Teboulle in SIAM J Imag Sci 2(1):183–202, 2009; Scheinberg et al. in Found Comput Math 14(3):389–417, 2014) for composite optimization without the assumption that stochastic gradient is an unbiased estimator. This work extends analysis of inexact f...

A stable meshless method by constructing novel fractional spaces and fractional Chebyshev polynomials dense sets is developed. The proposed approach could excellently resolve 2D nonlinear Riesz space distributed order reaction-diffusion equations with non-smooth solutions. The stable discretization schemes and predictor-corrector method are applied...

This paper is concerned with the Dirichlet eigenvalue problem for Laplace operator in a bounded domain with periodic perforation in the case of small volume. We obtain the optimal quantitative error estimates independent of the spectral gaps for an asymptotic expansion, with two leading terms, of Dirichlet eigenvalues. We also establish the converg...

Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the distribution of the change of leg length (LL) after closed wedge high tibial osteotomy (CWHTO) and to identify the factors associated with the magnitude of postoperative change of LL. Methods A total of 70 consecutive knees of 58 patients with knee osteoarthritis who underwent CWHTO were r...

Tibetan Plateau shear line (TPSL), categorized into two types, i.e., transverse shear line (TSL) and vertical shear line (VSL), is one of the major precipitation systems over the Tibetan Plateau (TP). Previous studies on evolution mechanism of TPSLs mainly focused on individual cases of TSLs, and did not exclude the influence of TP vortices existin...

This paper presents a comprehensive theoretical analysis of neural network operators activated by the symmetrized hyperbolic tangent function, with a focus on robustness and convergence in multivariate function approximation. The symmetrized hyperbolic tangent activation function has emerged as a promising tool in neural network research due to its...

We explore the applicability of the transcorrelated method to the elements in the second row of the periodic table. We use transcorrelated Hamiltonians in conjunction with full configuration interaction quantum Monte Carlo and coupled cluster techniques to obtain total energies and ionization potentials, investigating their dependence on the nature...

Frequent outbreaks of severe natural disasters underscore the importance of power system resilience. With high efficiency and rapid response, hydrogen energy can enhance power system resilience during such incidents. Traditional post‐event resilience assessment methods, which are event‐triggered, focus on a single indicator, leading to an ambiguous...

In this paper we present a rigorous derivation of the Universal Matrix-a heuristic framework for the evolution of complex systems-by starting from clearly defined premises. By explicitly defining what constitutes a system, the measure of complexity, and the allowable transformation operations, we show that any system evolving from a minimal state m...

The Ryabinkin–Kohut–Staroverov (RKS) and Kanungo–Zimmerman–Gavini (KZG) methods offer two approaches to find exchange-correlation (XC) potentials from ground state densities. The RKS method utilizes the one- and two-particle reduced density matrices to alleviate any numerical artifacts stemming from a finite basis (e.g., Gaussian- or Slater-type or...

Simultaneously transmitting and reflecting reconfig-urable intelligent surface (STAR-RIS) can expand the coverage of mobile edge computing (MEC) services by reflecting and transmitting signals simultaneously, enabling full-space coverage. The orientation of the STAR-RIS plays a crucial role in optimizing the gain of received and transmitted signals...

H. Weyl proved in Weyl (Eins Math Ann 77(3):313–352, 1916) that integer evaluations of polynomials are equidistributed mod 1 whenever at least one of the non-free coefficients (namely a coefficient of a monomial of degree at least 1) is irrational. We use Weyl’s result to prove a higher dimensional analogue of this fact. Namely, we prove that evalu...

In practical applications, constrained multi-objective optimization problems (CMOPs) often fail to achieve the desired results when dealing with CMOPs with different characteristics. Therefore, to address this drawback, we designed a constraint multi-objective evolutionary algorithm based on feedback tracking constraint relaxation, referred to as C...

In the low-energy regime, the Su-Schrieffer-Heeger (SSH) model's key characteristics are encapsulated by a Dirac-type Hamiltonian in continuum space, i.e., localized states emerge at the boundaries. Building on this, we have developed an effective Hamiltonian to model ultracold interacting bosons on an SSH-like lattice through variational minimizat...

(This is similar to the last version, until §2.3.3). Let n ∈ N and suppose function f : A ⊆ R n → R, where A and f are Borel. We want a satisfying average for all pathological f (e.g., everywhere surjective f whose graph has zero Hausdorff measure in its dimension) taking finite values only. If this is impossible, we wish to average a nowhere conti...

Inter‐cell interference and smart jammer attacks significantly impair the performance of non‐orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) networks. This issue is particularly critical when considering strategic interactions with malicious actors. To address this challenge, the power allocation problem is framed in a two‐cell NOMA network as a sequential game....

This article proposes two-terminal sliding mode Control (TSMC) algorithms to simultaneously carry out the disadvantages of variable-time communication delay, finite-time problem and actuator saturation for bilateral teleoperators (BTs). In existing approaches, TSMC laws are achieved by exponential sliding surface enforcing an inequality estimation...

To address the resource allocation problem in dynamic environments where multiple unmanned aerial vehicle base stations (UAV-BSs) provide efficient downlink services to ground users, this paper proposes a novel hierarchical decision-making mechanism based on the Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) algorithm. The proposed method optimizes time-freque...

A bstract We revisit the large N two-matrix model with tr[ A, B ] ² interaction and quartic potentials by the analytic trajectory bootstrap, where A and B represent the two matrices. In the large N limit, we can focus on the single trace moments associated with the words composed of the letters A and B . Analytic continuations in the lengths of the...

This study examines the political communication strategies of the Italian Marxist-Leninist and neo-Stalinist party, Sovereign and Popular Democracy (DSP), through a qualitative thematic analysis of its online discourse. The analysis identifies the core elements of the party’s agenda and assesses their potential alignment with the red-brownist movem...

Multi-Area Economic Dispatch (MAED) plays an important role in the operation and planning of power systems. In Part I of this series, we have summarized various optimization techniques to the MAED problem comprehensively, showing clearly that metaheuristic optimization algorithms (MOAs) have become the dominant approach for solving this problem due...

If there is a non-negligible sensitivity of inflation to demand or supply exogenous and highly persistent shocks (which are not nearly fully damped in six quarters), it is optimal for central banks policy instrument to respond not only to inflation deviation from its target but also, in addition, to respond relatively more to this shock, the more i...

We study a system of coupled bulk-surface partial differential equations (BS-PDEs), describing changes in concentration of certain proteins (Rho GTPases) in a living cell. These proteins, when activated, are bound to the plasma membrane where they diffuse and react with the inactive species; inactivated species diffuse inside the cell cortex; thes...

Given the limited research on regularization mechanisms in finite element analysis of the ultimate pullout resistance of plate anchors, particularly considering soil strain softening, this paper employs a Cosserat continuum regularization mechanism combined with a Mohr–Coulomb matched Drucker–Prager constitutive model (MC-matched DP model) to addre...

The detection of train track fasteners is an important task to ensure the safe, reliable, and long-term stable operation of the railway system. Under the high stress and dynamic loads during train operation, track fasteners play a crucial role in maintaining the alignment and structural integrity of the tracks. However, traditional manual inspectio...

We consider a Maxwell system on ℝ3$$ {\mathbb{R}}^3 $$ with highly oscillating periodic coefficients. It is known that the solutions converge in the weak‐∗$$ \ast $$ topology of L∞(0,T;L2(ℝ3))$$ {L}^{\infty}\left(0,T;\kern0.3em {L}^2\left({\mathbb{R}}^3\right)\right) $$ to the solution of a similar problem with constant coefficients given as the H$...

We investigate the behavior of differential forms and currents on compact Riemannian mani-folds when subjected to C 0-limits of diffeomorphisms. Employing techniques from geometric analysis, measure theory, and homotopy theory, we establish several key convergence results. We show that pullbacks of differential forms converge uniformly (in C 0 norm...

The multimodal perception is crucial for mobile robots to achieve safe autonomous steering in complex and changing environments without colliding with obstacles. In spite of the fact that rich environmental information can be provided by the multimodal data, how to integrate the complementary features from different sources effectively remains an o...

In this paper, we firstly construct the truncated Euler–Maruyama (EM) method for Caputo fractional stochastic differential equations (Caputo FSDEs) with the local Lipschitz condition and the Khasminskii‐type condition on drift and diffusion functions. After that, the boundedness and strong convergence of the numerical solutions are theoretically an...

In this paper, we use the power series methods to study Korovkin-type approximation theorems for sequences of operators that are monotone and sublinear. It is important to point out that any positive linear operator is monotone sublinear but the converse is not true. We also calculate the rate of convergence in terms of modulus of continuity. Final...

Our study reveals that the negative phase of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) leads to increased winter (DJF) snowfall in the Karakoram and Western Himalayas (KH) from 1940 to 2022. Interdecadal variations in DJF snowfall during the negative phase of PDO are attributed to deep convection and adiabatic cooling near the tropopause in both the no...

This paper presents a dual-observers-based nonsingular fast terminal sliding mode control scheme for quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicles (QUAVs) with unknown disturbances and time-varying delays. Firstly, to facilitate the controller design, the QUAVs model is decoupled into two subsystems: position subsystem and attitude subsystem. Secondly, for th...

Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) is a substantial burden for psychiatric care, affecting approximately one-third of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). Adolescent populations with depression are a particularly challenging demographic to treat as early intervention is crucial to prevent treatment resistance, but treatment options are...

Multi-objective optimization (MOO) has become an important method in machine learning, which involves solving multiple competing objective problems simultaneously. Nowadays, many MOO algorithms assume that gradient information is easily available and use this information to optimize functions. However, when encountering situations where gradients a...

Since Kuramoto and Shivashinsky introduced the Kuramoto-Sivashinsky equation in the mid-1970s, it has been the subject of extensive research. This equation is important in modeling phenomena like flame front propagation, plasma instabilities, viscous flow problems, and magnetized plasma’s behaviors. In this work, the nonlinear time-fractional Kuram...

Evolution on how eigenvalues were obtained, related first to convergence of ratios of Lucas sequences similar to the Golden Ratio, until they were obtained systematically from the eigenvalues of the companion matrix for those Lucas sequences.

This paper presents a rigorous finite element framework for solving an optimal control problem governed by the steady Navier-Stokes-Brinkman equations, focusing on identifying a scalar permeability parameter $\gamma$ from local velocity observations. Three different finite element discretization schemes are proposed, and a priori error estimates ar...

A mechanical model and finite element method for the simultaneous solution of Stokes and incompressible Navier-Stokes flows on multiple curved surfaces over a bulk domain are proposed. The two-dimensional surfaces are defined implicitly by all level sets of a scalar function, bounded by the three-dimensional bulk domain. This bulk domain is discret...

Even though autonomous driving has emerged as a prominent study topic, the conventional control systems for autonomous driving are often rule-based and need to be more adaptable to the flow and conditions of traffic that change over time. Recurrent deterministic policy gradient (RDPG) is a strategy for building autonomous driving control systems. I...

In this study, we focus on obtaining approximate solutions to hypersingular Fredholm integral equations of the first kind that appear in water wave dynamics, elasticity, acoustics, fluid mechanics, and others. The proposed method is based on Chebyshev polynomials of the second kind in matrix-vector forms. The analytical method was used to remove th...

What is the genetic architecture of local adaptation and what is the geographic scale over which it operates? We investigated patterns of local and convergent adaptation in five sympatric population pairs of traditionally cultivated maize and its wild relative teosinte ( Zea mays subsp. parviglumis ). We found that signatures of local adaptation ba...

This paper proposes a novel fixed-time prescribed performance sliding mode control method, specifically designed to address trajectory tracking issues in wheeled mobile robots (WMRs) affected by wheel slipping, skidding (WSS), and external disturbances. A new prescribed performance sliding surface is first introduced based on a prescribed performan...