Consumption - Science topic

How is the intake of the food measured? Is it by food frequency questionnaires and/or other methods? If other methods, what are they?

Capitalism views consumption—within the sphere of economic activity—as a driving factor for production, where other economic roles are subsequently activated. However, the consumer is not isolated from their intellectual and cultural backgrounds when exhibiting any type of behavior. During consumption, numerous psychological, physical, and intellectual considerations interact to determine the type, quantity, and manner of consumption. Here, we can discuss the ethical consumer, whom we define from the perspective that the individual is free and conscious during their economic activity. This is the consumer who takes ethical aspects into account in their consumption behavior, starting from the intention to purchase, through the method of consumption, and then the manner of disposing of product remnants. Can we then pose the question: Are religious individuals more ethical in their consumption of goods and services compared to those for whom religion does not play a significant role in their lives? This is based on the premise that religions have called upon humans, in their sacred texts, to be ethical in all their actions, among which consumption is one

The sharing economy model, i.e. the sharing economy, the sharing economy, the collaborative economy, is an important element of what is more broadly referred to as a sustainable circular economy. On the other hand, the processes of green transformation of economies aimed, among other things, at reducing the consumption of natural resources, decreasing waste generation and decreasing greenhouse gas emissions are expected to lead to a reduction in the scale of carbon emissions, i.e. greenhouse gas emissions and thus slow down the progressive process of global warming and reduce the scale of environmental pollution, reduce the scale of loss of biodiversity of natural ecosystems and the consumption of strategic natural resources such as water and rare raw materials. The phenomenon is based on people's willingness to cooperate, help others and share their time and resources, which is reciprocated in various ways (material and non-material). In the past, this form of cooperation was limited to a narrow circle of family, friends and neighbours, and with mass production, the development of trade and services and stronger migration resulting in the separation of multi-generational families and the loss of networks of acquaintances, this phenomenon slowly lost its importance and its functions were taken over by companies and institutions (e.g. public institutions). The other side of human nature, which is the desire to compete and look after narrowly defined self-interest, is the basis of classical economics, but under market economy conditions it sometimes leads to distortions (exploitation, fraud, etc.). Thanks to the development and application of new technologies, collaborative economics is once again gaining popularity and economic rationality. A key determinant of the dynamic development of the sharing economy was the financial crisis in 2008, as well as the need to save money, make better use of resources and change social relations. The development of the concept of a sustainable circular economy should therefore also take the sharing economy into account. The circular economy takes into account, among other things, the minimisation of the environmental impact of the production cycle. An important element of the closed loop economy can be the production method called in Polish 'from cradle to cradle'. This idea specifies methods for designing and producing objects in accordance with the concept of sustainable development, so that, at the end of their useful life, they can be put back into the production cycle. The circular economy also has a territorial dimension. In the context of the functioning of regions and especially urban areas, it refers to yet other economic solutions, e.g. the concept of the sharing economy, according to which unlimited consumption or accumulation of property gives way to sharing, exchanging or borrowing. According to this concept, people give up many goods for their own exclusive use in favour of others, i.e. they reduce the need for products whose production cycle often requires large amounts of raw materials and energy. The sharing economy is defined as a social and economic phenomenon that involves a shift in organisational and distribution models towards distributed networks of interconnected individuals and communities, involving both the direct provision of services by people to each other, as well as sharing, co-creation, co-direction, etc., enabling a radical increase in resource efficiency. Accordingly, the sharing economy model is an essential component of a sustainable circular economy and thus a sustainable green zero-carbon economy or one that strives towards zero-carbon.

In view of the above, I address the following question to the esteemed community of scientists and researchers:

What is your opinion on this subject?

Please respond,

I invite you all to discuss,

Thank you very much,

Best wishes,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

Using media as a source of entertainment does lead to hearing and consumption but does not guarantee the acquisition, but even so some learners take steps to learn why is that the case?

How can we prove that Battery Mangement system increase the efficiency of a drone battery? If we have to compare with BMS and Without BMS how can we tell the flight time of drone battery or consumption change

In recent times, AI has become a prevalent tool across various fields, including the scientific domain. Its applications extend to chemical synthesis, where complex algorithms play a significant role. However, a concern arises from the increased water consumption required for cooling AI system machines, which is reported to be approximately 15 times higher than that of a standard Google search.

Given this, what are your thoughts on addressing this issue? Specifically, could the heat released by AI systems be harnessed to produce renewable energy as a sustainable solution?

Does anyone have any idea where I can find Consumptive Behavior focuses on lifestyle Measurement fully with the blue print, indicator, etc for me to finish my dissertation undergraduate, with the title The Impact of Fear of Missing Out and Consumptive Behavior on Generation Z's Lifestyle.

to read and understand the methods they used

Consider a two-period DSGE model with a representative agent who faces stochastic productivity shocks. The agent chooses consumption and labor supply in each period to maximize expected lifetime utility, which depends on both current and future consumption and labor. The productivity shocks follow a Markov process.

Analyze how the introduction of an unemployment insurance scheme, financed by a proportional tax on labor income, affects the agent’s consumption and labor supply decisions. Discuss the impact on aggregate consumption, labor supply, and the economy's overall productivity in both the short run and the long run.

Please, what is the memory consumption of the Matlab function quad tree decomposition procedure [S = qtdecomp(I)] with respect to the input set I?

Energy Scenario 2023

1. Demand for gas remaining relatively flat: Why did it not exponentially rise, or, at least linearly rise?

2. In 2022 the combined consumption of oil and biofuel products exceeded 100 million barrels per day for the first time ever. In 2023, consumption of oil products alone exceeded this level. Not expected?

3. Coal demand beating 2022’s record level: Just a momentary increase?

4. Consumption of renewable energy grew at six times the rate of total primary energy: Is it a sufficient rate of increase?

5. Electricity grew 25% faster than total primary energy consumption: What does it convey?

6. Total primary energy consumption increased by 2% over its 2022 level, 0.6% above its ten-year average and over 5% above its 2019 pre-COVID level. So, are we moving towards energy transition or energy addition?

7. Renewables’ share of total primary energy consumption reached 14.6%, an increase of 0.4% over 2022: Still less than 0.5% increase per annum?

8. Fossil fuel consumption as a percentage of primary energy dropped 0.4% to 81.5%: Still less than 0.5% decrease per annum?

9. Greenhouse gas emissions from energy use, industrial processes, flaring and methane (in CO2 equivalent terms) increased 2.1% to exceed the record level set in 2022. For the first time ever, energy-related emissions exceeded the 40 GtCO2e level, with emissions from the direct use of energy breaching 35 GtCO2e for the first time ever: So, are we still on the right track?

10.                  CO2 emissions from flaring increased by 7% along with emissions from methane and industrial processes that also increased by over 5%. No clue to curtail flaring?

11.                  Although Brent crude oil prices fell 18% to average $83/bbl in 2023, they were still some 29% above their 2019 pre-COVID levels. Difficult to conceive?

12.                  Overall oil production from non-OPEC+ countries exceeded global incremental demand growth by 20%. Why?

13.                  Regionally, whilst North America witnessed a modest increase in oil consumption of around 0.8%, demand in Europe fell by nearly 1% to 13.9 million barrels per day. By contrast, the Asia Pacific region saw an increase of over 5% to 38 million barrels per day. So, Asian oil demand is something completely different North American & European scenario?

Suresh Kumar Govindarajan

Professor (HAG)    IIT Madras

28-July-2024

Has anyone performed a fed batch study using freestyle CHO-s cells in shake flask? I've few pools of recombinant antibody producing pools derived from freestyle CHO-S and I wanted to understand the growth pattern (Approx cell count it reached, growth pattern, glucose consumption). I'm using feeds from cytiva for the fed batch.

In my country, there is a lot of public outcry in relation to the presence of drug injection and related behaviors in public. Hence at least the bigger cities would probably benefit from the opening of at least one drug consumption room, yet sadly this does not seem to be possible under the current Criminal Code as the legal experts claim such spaces would be enabling the consumption of regulated substances.

Has anyone dealt with such legal issue before? Are there any talking points we could use to convince the decision makers to instate a legal exception for drug consumption spaces?

But the scarcity of drinking water occurring in an increasing number of countries in Europe and also on other continents is caused not only by the progressive process of global warming, but also by unsustainable agriculture carried out in ignorance of the planet's climate and biosphere. But the scarcity of drinking water occurring in an increasing number of countries in Europe and also on other continents is caused not only by the progressive process of global warming, but also by unsustainable agriculture carried out in ignorance of the planet's climate and biosphere. The over-intensive, production-intensive cultivation of agricultural crops, mainly for the production of fodder for livestock rather than food for humans, and the production of exotic fruit sold mainly in supermarkets and hypermarkets in other countries, is also a significant factor in the excessive consumption of surface water and rainwater and the decline in drinking water levels over ever larger areas.

In view of the above, I address the following question to the esteemed community of scientists and researchers:

What do you think about this topic?

What is your opinion on this subject?

Please respond,

I invite you all to discuss,

Thank you very much,

Best wishes,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

How can water consumption affect the development and deployment of artificial intelligence (AI)?

Please

social consequences of excessive alcohol consumption

This Special Issue on combatting food waste through responsible consumption aims to gather the latest results of the innovative research in this field. In particular, it seeks to investigate the complex relationship between consumer behavior and the reduction of food waste, highlighting the role of consumers in promoting more responsible consumption patterns.

Studies on innovative and effective educational and communication initiatives, technological innovations, policy interventions and collaborative efforts of members of the food supply chain are very welcome. Research that analyzes the reduction of food waste at the consumption stage, through the application of artificial intelligence methodologies, challenges and games, is also encouraged.

With its multidisciplinary perspective, this Special Issue aims to offer practical knowledge to the policymakers and researchers interested in creating solutions to the problem of food waste in the form of strategies that make consumers change their perception of the value of food, so that more responsible behavior is stimulated.

I encourage you to participate in this Sustainability - Special Issue before December 31, 2024.

https://www.mdpi.com/journal/sustainability/special_issues/PX25214PWL

Dear Researchers,

I have 100+ existing inland ships' hull lines plans along with their operational data like service speed, capacity, fuel consumption, main engine power, MCR at service condition, etc. I would like to start a research work focusing the reduction of fuel consumption and emission. Any other innovative research idea is also most welcome.

If anyone one shows interest for joint research, please send msg.

Thanks and best regards

Dr S M Rashidul Hasan

In zinc air battery, the capacity is calculated according to the mass consumption of zinc metal. In experiment, how to determine the mass consumption of zinc metal?

That is, how many milliliters are used in each surgery? I have searched for information regarding consumption by respiratory volume or per kg of weight but I cannot find information.

Can the consumption of extra fat (2%) in the diet of prepubertal gilts cause an increase only in the weight of the ovaries? The rest of the uterine structures are not affected (no CL, CA..)

Why does this occur?

【Seeking Insights from Organizational Behavior Scholars】

Dear Esteemed Scholars,

I hope this message finds you well. I am currently conducting research in the field of organizational behavior, with a particular focus on understanding the short-term effects of watching short videos on employee performance. While there is an abundance of literature exploring the addictive aspects of video consumption, my interest lies in uncovering the nuanced impact that watching short videos may have on employee productivity, engagement, and cognitive functioning in the workplace.

As I embark on this research journey, I find myself confronted with a challenge in effectively locating relevant information. Many existing studies tend to emphasize addiction-related issues rather than the broader spectrum of influences that short video consumption may exert on individuals' work-related behaviors and outcomes.

Thus, I am reaching out to you, esteemed scholars in the field, to seek your guidance and recommendations. I would greatly appreciate any insights, suggestions for relevant keywords, seminal studies, or methodologies that could help me navigate this area of inquiry more effectively.

Your expertise and contributions would be invaluable in shaping the trajectory of my research and advancing our understanding of how modern media consumption habits intersect with organizational dynamics. I eagerly await your responses and thank you in advance for your time and consideration.

How can be reduce the fertilizers consumption?

Good day!

I am currently a 4th year BS Mining Engineering student undertaking my thesis with a title proposal "DETERMINING THE CONTRIBUTORS OF HIGH FUEL CONSUMPTION FOR FUEL OPTIMIZATION OF IDENTIFIED RAMPS IN AN UNDERGROUND MINING OPERATION" .

I have been searching and in dire need of related literatures regarding theoretical framework and statistical methods that can be applied to my said thesis proposal. A direct link for access to any reference that can help would be much preferred and appreciated in due honor.

Thank you so much.

Dear Researchers;

I have a short question. Let's say a factory consumes 4 MW of electricity per hour. (fixed consumption throughout the year).

I want to install an on-grid PV power plant for this facility. The average daily PSH value of the location is 4 hours. What is the on-grid PV capacity that needs to be installed for this factory?

For the same consumption how to calculate rooftop and ground-mounted type capacities?

Could you show me some academic resources on this subject?

I have made a calculation, but I would like to get opinions from valuable researchers and check my calculations.

Best regards.

In Distributed Generation Systems for self-supply of users, is it necessary to place an additional meter to the Bidirectional Meter?

Certain benefits of the additional meter in consumption: - To avoid losing information on the consumption and production of the Generator. - To be able to evaluate the power factor of consumption subject to penalty.

I would like to carry out the study on consumption pattern of a particular fruit in a specified areas. In what form they utilize the fruit in the regular meals and how frequently they use in their regular meals.

Please suggest type of questionnaire and how to carry out the study, selection of population, no. of population etc

TPD/TPR

Suppose we dry the particles in a fixed bed or fluidized bed. If a particle of bulk material remains inside the apparatus, then the velocity of gas flow around the particle does not exceed the settling velocity. We can say it differently: we will have a flow velocity that fluctuates around the settling velocity for any superficial gas velocity. These fluctuations are precisely ensured by fluctuations in porosity during fluidization. Then in a fixed bed at the limit of its stability (before fluidization) Re will be approximately the same as during fluidization. The question is: from the point of view of energy consumption, can be fixed bed more efficient in some range of velocities(Re are comparable, and air consumption is less)?

In Poland, during the SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) coronavirus pandemic, the government introduced a large amount of additional printed money into the economy from April 2020, which was introduced off-budget in a procedure specially created for this purpose. The central bank also participated in the procedure, buying additional new series of Treasury bonds issued by the Treasury directly. The printed money was introduced into the economy through special purpose funds created mainly in government-controlled institutions, such as the Polish Development Fund and Bank Gospodarstwa Krajowego, among others. A large amount of the printed money thus went to government-controlled state-owned companies, including, among others, the monopolistically operating large companies in the energy, fuel and mining sectors, which contribute to the leading part of the national energy industry, which produces energy mainly on the basis of dirty combustion energy, i.e. on the basis of burning fossil fuels. In Poland, still thanks to government subsidies, more than 3/4 of energy is generated from burning fossil fuels. If the subsidies provided from governments to the combustion power sector since the 1990s had fueled the development of renewable and emission-free energy, Poland would now be a modern and energy-secure country, where most of the energy would now be produced by clean renewable energy. With the aforementioned subsidies, several large nuclear power plants, many wind farms and thousands of solar installations could have been built. Unfortunately, the government preferred to be in comity with the unions operating in coal mines, lignite mines, power and fuel companies in order to support the development of combustion energy and inhibit and block the development of renewable and carbon-free energy. Thanks to the topic that hard coal is sourced from deep-sea high methane mines in the country, the government has been subsidizing coal mining for many years with many billions of zlotys. Surcharging was a permanent part of this pseudo-business, since mining had already been permanently loss-making, unprofitable for many years. In addition, thanks to the government's comity with the aforementioned trade unions, the level of wages in the loss-making fossil fuel extraction sector was high and growing despite the declining business efficiency of these companies. Since the SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) coronavirus pandemic, more than 300 billion in added PLN has been injected extra-budgetarily into the economy. According to some estimates compiled by scientific institutes independent of the government, this is even an amount of about 400 billion PLN. The printed money was introduced into the economy on the basis of specially introduced for this purpose regulations, covid laws, on the basis of which, on the one hand, lockdowns were introduced, temporarily excluding from real economic activity many companies, mainly service sectors. On the other hand, on the basis of covid laws introduced specifically for this purpose, printed money was transferred to the majority of companies and enterprises operating in the economy as subsidies to pay fixed costs and surcharges on salaries of employed workers on the condition that employment was maintained. Non-repayable said financial subsidies were also given to many companies and enterprises, including state-owned companies, whose business activities were not subject to lockdowns. Since in recent years the annual budget of the state is about 500 billion PLN so the estimated scale of the SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) coronavirus printed since the pandemic almost matches the mentioned amount. This was possible because the introduction of covid-based regulations into the economy of printed money continued until the parliamentary elections held on 15.10.2023 despite the fact that the pandemic ended much earlier. The magnitude of the negative impact on the community and on the economy quickly began to decline as early as January 2021, when a mass vaccination program was introduced on the basis of millions of coronavirus vaccines purchased by the government from several pharmaceutical companies. However, the practice of injecting printed money into the economy on the basis of covid regulations continued. The result was an increase in inflation as early as Q2. 2021. Inflation in Poland grew so fast that it was one of the highest in Europe from 2021 to 2023. With the aim of fighting inflation from October 2021, the central bank, i.e. the National Bank of Poland, rapturously began to raise interest rates. Raptly because surprising most financial analysts and economists with this action, since only two months earlier the president of the National Bank of Poland had assured during press conferences that these increases would begin in a year at the earliest. As a result, many citizens at the time took out extremely cheap long-term mortgages and business loans. Since, contrary to the banking standards of Western countries in Poland, for many years more than 90 percent of long-term loans were granted by commercial banks at variable interest rates, shifting the risk of interest rate changes to borrowers, so when the central bank raised interest rates, commercial banks quickly raised the oproc. of loans, including those previously granted, and slowly raised the oproc. of deposits and other bank investment products. Thus, the central bank's raising of interest rates had a very weak anti-inflationary effect and a fast and strong deconflationary effect. This was due to the rapidly declining creditworthiness of borrowers and falling investment levels in many sectors of the economy. For example, in the construction sector in Q3 2022, the level of investment fell by more than two-thirds on an annual basis. Because Poland's central bank raised the key benchmark interest rate from an interventionist, pandemic, anti-crisis level of 0.1 percent to 6.75 percent during the one-year period from the beginning of October 2021 to September 2022, so borrowing during the period of record, interventionist-low interest rates rapidly became more expensive. The period of the aforementioned interventionist, record-low interest rates lasted as long as a year and a half, and, according to assurances from the central bank governor, was expected to last much longer. As a result, the scale of mortgages and economic loans taken out at the time grew rapidly. When the central bank raised interest rates to a significant degree, the installments on repaid loans also increased significantly. For loans taken out at interventionist low interest rates, loan installments in the fall of 2022 were already more than double what they were at the beginning of the loan repayment. In addition, in 2022, producer inflation in some months was even more than 10 percent higher than consumer inflation. This was due to rapidly rising prices of energy and industrial raw materials, prefabricated products, semi-finished goods, wages and other production factors. Enterprises and companies, by passing on the increase in the prices of production factors to the prices of the products they sold, generated record high profits on the one hand and added to the rapidly rising inflation on the other. Commercial banks also generated record profits from mid-2021 onward as the central bank rapidly raised lending opc. rates and much slower deposit rates as interest rates rose. Despite the fact that the central bank had already stopped raising interest rates at 6.75 percent (the basic reference rate) in September 2022, the rate of economic growth was declining rapidly, the downturn was worsening and, interestingly, despite the Central Statistical Office showing no significant increase in unemployment. This happened because entrepreneurs converted full-time employment to part-time employment for many of their employees, and/or forced some of their employed staff to switch to self-employment in the setting up of sole proprietorships, i.e., establishing a sort of mini-company with which they continued to work. In this way, most of the large banks and companies have significantly improved their economic and financial situation since the pandemic, while most citizens have become poorer. For most citizens, the level of real wages, the level of savings since the pandemic has dropped significantly. Even the increase in wages in the corporate sector since Q2 2022 no longer compensated for the decline in the purchasing value of money as a result of high inflation. In addition, despite the fact that the central bank in Poland stopped relatively early, more than a year earlier than the Federal Reserve Bank and the European Central Bank to continue raising interest rates at the aforementioned level of 6.75 percent, Poland's economy went into recession in the 1st half of 2023. According to recently published data by the Central Statistical Office, Poland's recession reached 0.6 percent in April 2023. It is interesting to note that the Polish economy in 2023 experienced one of the highest downturns compared to other European Union countries, and this despite the government's continued social programs, electricity price subsidies, reduced VAT on food since the pandemic, and previously also on motor fuels (until December 2022). Despite soft fiscal policy and the government subsidy programs being developed, financed from the state's public finance system, Poland has experienced a recession. The government's energy price subsidies are due to the fact that the government was planning its re-election in the parliamentary elections, which took place in October 2023. This was one of many financial shielding instruments for citizens, which was intended to provide short-term, ad hoc some relief for citizens from rising household maintenance bills before the parliamentary elections. On the other hand, if the government's energy price subsidy system had not been in place then market energy prices would have been the highest in Poland. They would have been the highest due to the fact that Poland's energy production is extremely expensive, and mainly based on dirty combustion energy. This is a result of the government's restriction and blocking of the development of renewable and emission-free energy sources. The procedure of limiting the development of renewable energy sources and subsidizing dirty combustion energy from the system of state finances since the 1990s. While the procedure of blocking the development of renewable and emission-free energy sources, including onshore wind power since 2016 and solar power since April 2022. The result is a low level of energy security of the energy sector in Poland and some of the highest costs of energy production, not only against the background of the European Union, but also on a global scale. The lack of undertaken, necessary investments in new energy technologies, the limited scale of investments in the development of clean, renewable and emission-free energy, on the basis of which energy could now be produced in the cheapest way, is one of the key determinants limiting economic development, including the prospective development of the Polish economy. In view of the above, in recent years Poland has had an exceptionally chaotic, short-sighted pseudo-economic policy, which led, among other things, to the fact that Poland experienced a recession in Q2 2023. In April 2023, the CSO showed a 0.6 percent recession. In addition, the pseudo-economic policies pursued in recent years have resulted in a large increase in the debt of the state's public finance system. Citizens have finally noticed how irrationally the aforementioned pseudo-economic policies have been carried out in recent years, and voted overwhelmingly against the incumbent government in the parliamentary elections held on 15/10/2023. Perhaps the new government will repair all that has been destroyed in the Polish economy in recent years. Perhaps the new government will restore rationality, pro-social, pro-climate, pro-environmental, etc. in terms of its economic policies.

In view of the above, I address the following question to the esteemed community of scientists and researchers:

And what is your opinion about it?

What is your opinion on this issue?

Please answer,

I invite everyone to join the discussion,

Thank you very much,

Best regards,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

Farm machinery fuel consumption

I am a master student, can any expert suggest is the model suitable for my level or this is more advancing for PhD level?

The proposed title for this research is: Investigating the Drivers of Micro Consumption Attitudes and Financial Well Being: The Impact on Consumer Well Being

I am not quite sure about the arrow pointing from micro consumption attitudes to financial well being , and what are the IVs has to do with my DV (consumer well-being)?

“Practice what you preach,” is a common saying across the world. Akshay Kumar, however, learnt it the hard way. His endorsement of a pan masala brand despite his statement against the consumption of alcohol and pan Masala left him at the receiving end of his own fandom’s ire, who excoriated him. Even his apology was not good enough. Social media users want him to refrain from surrogate advertisement, a form of advertising which is used to promote regulated products, like cigarettes and alcohol, in the disguise of another product.

Surrogate advertising is a form of advertising that is used to promote products which are banned or limited from advertising under government regulations, such as cigarettes and alcohol, via advertising another product produced by the same company in order to raise brand awareness.

Celebrities have a large following and their endorsements can have a significant influence on people's purchasing decisions. When celebrities endorse surrogate products, they are essentially promoting harmful products to their fans, including children and young adults.

Here are some of the reasons why celebrities should refrain from surrogate advertisement:

Some people argue that celebrities should be free to endorse any product they want, but it is important to remember that surrogate products are harmful and that celebrities have a social responsibility. By refraining from surrogate advertisement, celebrities can help to protect their fans and promote public health.

In addition to the ethical concerns, there are also legal risks associated with surrogate advertising. In many countries, surrogate advertising is regulated or even banned. Celebrities who endorse surrogate products could face fines, legal action, and damage to their reputation.

Overall, there is no good reason for celebrities to endorse surrogate products. It is harmful, misleading, and could have legal consequences. Celebrities should use their influence to promote positive messages and encourage their fans to make healthy choices.

Does the power consumption of heating mantle varies when I use it to heat boiling flask once filled with 1000 ml of water and once with 1400 ml water?!

As the temperature controller knob remains constant at the highest heating source

I am working on bioethanol production from lignocellulosic biomass. However, I require some clarification on the methods for calculating initial sugar concentration, sugar consumption rate, ethanol yield (in g/g and g/l). Could you please recommend simple calculations or protocols?

When addressing the socio-environmental challenges associated with the traditional economy mainstream researchers and organizations start from the point of view "Our current economy is linear” “ The economy of the future is circular”, taking the position that linearity is the root cause of sustainability problems, see for example: https://www.metabolic.nl/what-we-do/circular-economy/?gad=1&gclid=CjwKCAjwpJWoBhA8EiwAHZFzfoJkA5YMY6R6Crk_hIVmoam5SZZ8zjojNJOsh6PgMWygbt0t8LV8TRoCupMQAvD_BwE

They seem to be doing this without asking themselves the question, why is the current economy linear? Since when it has been linear? Could not be that the root cause of that linearity is the root cause of sustainability problems? If this was the case, then addressing linearity by going circular a la traditional market still leaves the root cause of the problem untouched and active.

And this raises the question: Is economy linearity the root cause of social, economic, and environmental challenges? If yes, why?. If not, why not?

What do you think?

Hello

I have a PhD student from Iraq. her thesis subject is "Customer purchase intention in Iraq: a study in the field of Ethical consumption". The purpose of this study is to discover the complex aspects of ethical consumption from the perspective of Iraqi women by examining their perceptions from various aspects in this field.

I would like to have a colleague as a marketing consultant. The name of the collaborator will be included in the articles extracted from the thesis.

A necessary condition for this cooperation is that the colleague is a member of the faculty of a valid university outside of Iran

Regards

One could argue that when R = KLaf ( Cs - C), the fugacity (the maximum transferable rate) has been reached and so the OTR or Rd is zero at that gas flow rate representing the energy input. However, this is a state that could not exist at that given gas flow rate, because OTR can never be zero in a respiring system. The case in which R = KLaf (Cs - C) is not a stable situation (i.e., not a steady state and C ≠ CR), which implies that the actual transfer rate, as opposed to total potential oxygen transfer rate, to the liquid is less than R and the DO concentration is decreasing because the consumption rate has exceeded the transfer rate so that the system is now outgassing oxygen. However, this does not mean Rd is negative. That is, the actual transfer rate, the net oxygen transfer rate given by Eq. (10a), i.e., OTR = KLaf (Cs – C) – r, is not KLaf (Cs - C). To maintain a given DO set point, the air flow rate (AFR) would have to be increased to a new KLa value such that ultimately R equals the actual transfer rate to the liquid. A change in air flow rate would result in a different transfer efficiency, at least in a fine bubble system where an increase in air flow decreases efficiency, and so the true C* also would be nominally different (higher, actually, due to lower gas side depletion), but eventually a steady state would be reached in which the oxygen consumption (R) would exactly match the oxygen transfer rate. For any further increase in the organic loading rate (OLR) and if C > 0, the system can respond by lowering C so that the driving force increases, giving more impetus to transfer. However, when the consumption rate exceeds the oxygen transfer rate, CR approaches C, which itself is ever-decreasing, such that dC/dt is a decreasing function of the consumption rate, i.e., dC/dt < 0. Therefore, the system is no longer in a steady state in such an event. Eventually a point is reached at which C becomes vanishingly small such that even the maximum fugacity is not enough to satisfy, and so the only remedy is to increase the gas flow rate again to match the demand. The conclusion of this exercise is that, for submerged aeration in which the gas loss rate from the system is significant, the rate of transfer under the action of microbial respiration must be given by Eq. (12b) i.e., dC/dt = Kla (Cs – C) – 2Ru, in which both the associated liquid phase oxygen equilibrium concentration (Cs) and the apparent oxygen saturation CR will decrease accordingly (such a phenomenon can be experimentally verified in a converse manner by a reduction in the microbial GDP (the resistance due to biochemical reactions), the net result of a dilution is that both the associated liquid phase oxygen equilibrium concentration Cs and the apparent oxygen saturation CR will increase accordingly. (It is notable that the latter increases faster than the former, so that at R = 0, the rise of CR catches up with the rise of Cs, and so both become one and the same, C*inff).

Mines' paper began on the right track by citing Bartholomew, Albertson and DiGregorio, and some others like Eckenfelder, that there is definitely a relationship between KLa and OUR and so Mines conducted his experiment. Herein lies the difference: Those previous researchers used plant operation data, where the DO is maintained constant. One can only have either constant DO or constant AFR (aeration gas flow rate), but not both. Mines' attempt to verify the dependency of Kla on OUR is premised on constant AFR which is exactly right but he used the wrong equation, resulting in Table 3 and Table 4 that yield the strange result that at steady-state, the OUR is not the same as the OTR. Had he used the right equation, he would have got a consistent result that would support my theory. The consequence of an increase of Ru can only be a reduction of OTR for a constant AFR. It can never by an enhancement! Mines' equation 6, stating that Rd = KLa (Cs- C) - Ru + Ri is therefore insupportable.

His experiment needs to be repeated, but with the following caveat:

equations must be correct, i.e., equation 7 must be written OTR = alpha KLa(beta Cs - C) – Ru resulting in the accumulation term as:

dC/dt = Kla (Cs – C) – 2Ru

OUR of the mixed liquor suspended solids as determined by Method 213B in Standard Methods must be modified to eliminate the shaking effect;

the OTR should be independently measured by the offgas method to compare with the modified Equation 7, since the offgas method is widely considered the best way to determine OTR.

It is important to recognize that the transfer equation given by Equation 1 in Mines' paper, is only valid when R = 0. When R changes, both Cs and OTR will change, even though C changes, (decrease to increase the driving force, or increase if the AFR increases).

For public consumption, I need to upload the public version of the manuscript.

I am currently conducting research that investigates public attitudes towards offenders with mental health conditions in Norway and the UK.

The purpose of this study is to explore personal perspectives on offending, mental health, world views, and media consumption.

Completing the study will take no more than 10-15 minutes of your time. Your participation in this study is completely confidential and anonymous.

To participate, you must meet the following criteria:

Please click on the link to take part:https://greenwichuniversity.eu.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_6V9ZGhcQaskkgL4

Does the use of electric cars affect the current consumption of oil and coal?

Does the use of electric cars affect the current consumption of oil and coal?

Imaging that for modelling convenience we take dependent variables as independent in order to simplify the world, that would lead to conflicting schools of thoughts addressing the same issue in a compartamentalized manner. In other words using independent variable thinking to address system stability analysis should be expected to lead different rootcausality, and to different, a competing approaches on how to address the same system stability issue. Think for example.of system stability frameworks based on market dynamics and population dynamics and environmental concerns. Which lead to the question: Would wrongly assuming that dependent variables are independent provide a distorted view of the problem?

What do you think?

In this age of on-the-go, content viewing behavior of consumers is changing the way of business of the pay-TV industry, Which is the convenient source of content consumption in your view?

TV (set-top box)

Internet( OTT App)

Internet( FB,TikTok)

Internet(YouTube/videos, FREE)

At present, rising interest rates are used to discourage consumption in order to control rising inflation in an economy. However, at the same time as the scope of this objective, investment and productive consumption of companies are also inhibited.

Since this business consumption is necessary to avoid recession and to equalize the differences between supply and demand, which trigger inflationary price escalation, it would be necessary, in addition to the increase interest rates, other more efficient measures to control household consumption.

Perhaps a temporary increase in value-added tax or luxury consumption taxes, along with tax incentives for business investments and consumption.

What other measures could be added or even been used to replace the increase in interest rates to control inflation?

How successful have these attempts been in boosting millets production and consumption?

What are some traditional or innovative recipes that feature foxtail millets, and how can they be adapted to suit different tastes and preferences? Are there any cultural or historical associations with foxtail millets that can help promote their consumption and appreciation?

hello guys , i need an analysis about the total specific consumption of a dual fuel fuel diesel engine in the marine propulsion or in any activity , operating in different gaseous fuel

What are some innovative uses and applications of Proso Millet beyond human consumption, such as animal feed, biofuel, or industrial products, and what are the potential economic and environmental benefits of these uses?

Hello, I am very interested in the current research topics that are based on studies related to the change in the consumption behavior of agro-food products of the population. What is true, what is myth and what are actually the real options of consumers, when we want to know what are the sustainable foods preferred by consumers. Are the differences between generations that big? Are the conservative choices of the over-50s scientifically backed?? Thank you!

During photochemical reaction using catalyst and using H2O2 as oxidant, when I want to calculate the amount of H2O2 used for producing specific product, It is difficult. I may calculate the total amount used to be decomposed.

I have a device that can quantify O2 consumption (as a flux) without errors or artifacts, regardless of whether it is used ex siex-situtu, i.e., in the lab or in situ, i.e., in the field. I use to quantify O2 consumption from two sites one with cohesive (muddy) sediment and one with sandy sediment from stream.

Here I created in the lab an ideal incubation experiment to assess O2 consumption where I can match temperature, micro- and macronutrients concentrations, particulate organic matter, water flow (and thus the characteristics of the diffusive boundary layer) to in situ conditions.

After the incubations are done, I brought the device to the field (in an area close to where you took the samples for the incubations). At the cohesive site, the O2 consumption measured in situ is the same as that from the incubation in the lab. Conversely at the sandy site, the O2 consumption in situ is higher than that in the lab.

The question is why? Given that the device is 100% accurate, i.e., no methodological errors are possible, what do you think that it is happening? And, to link it to why might this be relevant for the local carbon cycle?

For instance, there is no primary production in the whole system and there are no invertebrates.

Hi,

I have a deep learning model that i want simulate its execution on raspberry pie 4.

Im using keras 2 and tensorflow for that. The problem is how to measure energy,ram,processor usage in the raspberry pie 4 while executing this model ?

what tools and configuration that i need to achieve that?

Hello

I would like Investigate whether Metal Matrix composite material is suits for IC engine connecting rod. In this connection i would like to conduct performance (Fuel consumption) test on IC engine. Please suggest which software is suitable to do this and what are the parameter's required for this, right now i have the material properties like Poisson's ration and young's modulus ...

I made this hybrid power plant simulation with HOMER where I assumed the solar power plant system doesn't have enough irradiation so it can't produce any power and it's just the wind power plant system that worked. It turned out that the result is the consumption power (AC Primary Load) is bigger than the power generated by the wind turbine. Is it okay? How do I solve this problem?

What is the per capita fish consumption in India? What is the basis of your response??

I worked at DIRECTV projects and know many Mexican residents buy their satellite dishes in the U.S. using the address for a friend and then transport the device to Mexico to gain access to American television. I was wondering if that is something your project is touching at all...

Hello Fellow researchers!

I would like to know the water consumption or requirement pattern of rice in each stage for days after transplanting. It will be really helpful if anyone can suggest a report related to rice water consumption.

Thank you!

Tax cuts to the rich is the prefer idea on how to promote and expand economic growth in supply side economics despite knowing it does not work as expected. Yet, this policy is usually the first choice in supply side run democracies like in the USA or now the UK when supply side promoters are in power.

Any policy that worsens inequality should be expected in practice to negatively affect economic growth as under extreme inequality or worsening inequality the traditional trickle down should be expected to be mute or not to work as intended. And this raises the question, tax cuts to the rich and the embudo effect, is that why the trickled down effect does not work as intended?

What do you think?

Have you bought groceries or food lately? Have you noticed that the cost of items that form part of the production cost of the product or service you are buying, like plastic bags or food containers that once were free pollution, are now being charge extra to consumers when buying passing to them the apparent environmental responsibility of dealing with them, but the extra money now you are required to pay for the same plastic bags/containers goes directly to the company profits, not to any private nor government nor even to the same company recycling program as perhaps there is none. And governments seem to be okay with this new practice which is now spreading from major corporations to small businesses leaving consumers with no protection.

In a sense, dwarf green markets provide a cover for companies to pass their cost of production plus the “green grab” to consumers usually without having to disclose in advertising what they are doing so, a kind of deceiving as if those items cost more to companies now increasing their production costs that way, then they should increase the prices of their products or services instead, giving that way the option to consumers to buy at a higher price or not.

So consumers pay more, but their extra pay has not clear environmental benefits from consuming at a higher price, which raises the question, under dwarf green markets are consumers currently being scammed by the business community?

What do you think? Please detail your own view.

I wanted to have some feddback about using this system

It is already known that energy prices will rise due to the energy crisis. It is not yet known to what extent energy prices will increase. The question of this increase is determined by a number of factors.

On the one hand, there are objective factors such as changes in the price level of energy commodities on commodity exchanges. On the other hand, it is determined by the long-term national energy policy pursued to date (e.g. types of energy sources, development of renewable energy sources, diversification of energy sources and energy security) and by current social policy (subsidies and grants for citizens with the lowest incomes). A lot of data supports the thesis that the development of renewable energy and the abolition of dirty combustion energy monopolies are key ways of solving the energy crisis.

In view of the above, I address the following question to the esteemed community of researchers and scientists:

Please reply,

I invite you all to discuss,

Thank you very much,

Regards,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

Hello,

I'm trying to determine the amount of glucose consumption using 14C-labelled 2-DG.