Conservation Biology - Science topic

I already tried using pvisgam (itsadug library) and although it does include the color key (zlim code) this only works for partial effects. Thanks in advance.

Human-wildlife conflict is a worldwide issue, especially in villages around or in protected areas. Superficially, the conflict will exist when villagers aware that someone, who intend to protect the species, dominated the policy-decision process. As a result, the damages are treated as an imposed burden and lead to a feeling of helplessness even trigger angers from local communities.

As field researchers studying the conflicts, we need to conduct field works in these areas in weeks-long and frequently contact with villagers and even build up friendships. In some situations, local guides or villagers may ask you about “why do we need to protect this species killing livestock or raiding crops”. This question is likely to imply a doubt of your works or a question “Why do you study this troublesome species”.

Do you feel feel a little embarrassed or awkward? how you replied? how do you reply in the future? Please share your experience.

I want to measure the level of "agreement" between two methods that measure protected area management effectiveness. On the one hand, I have the results of qualitative evaluations ranging from very low to very high. On the other hand, I have values of the Human Index Footprint in those protected areas (0-100). The results of this index are classified in the same categories: from very low to very high. Is weighed kappa a good choice?

Already tried everything. I got my hands on a version for Linux but I cannot make it work. 

Dear Colleagues,

We are working on conservation biology of woody species and preparing a synthesis paper on plant families with highest proportion of threatened trees.

The woody Campanulaceae are among the most threatened group. I have therefore a request: who possesses good quality pictures showing the Hawaiian woody Campanulaceae? There are many members of the genera Lobelia, Cyanea, Clermontia, Delissea, etc. which are very showy. We need it for a figure showing some examples of threatened woody species.

Thank you in advance for your help.

Kind regards,

Greg

The term "Conservation Biology" was first used by Michael Soule and Bruce Wilcox in their pioneering test "Conservation Biology: An Evolutionary-Ecological Perspective" in 1980. The growth of the discipline resulted in many "Conservation Biology" textbooks. However, there is a tendency of replacing "Conservation Biology" with "Conservation Sciences" not only in titles of textbooks and scientific papers but also with the names of whole academic departments and positions. Which one is the more appropriate term for the modern context/application of this discipline? Why?

Hello,

my name is Carolin Fischer, a sociology student from the Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena. I am currently writing my Bachelor's Thesis in the field of Cultural and Environmental Sociology. As this will be a qualitative study on environmental topics I am looking for interview partners, who work (or used to work) in the field of environmental and climate change research. The interviews will be held via video chat either in German or English.

If you're interested in being interviewed and in helping me with my thesis please feel free to contact me via Research Gate or mail: fischer.carolin@uni-jena.de

Thank you and kind regards,

Carolin

 Is there a software, which can estimate the number without very difficult and extremely time-consuming work in the lab? We have to analyze ca. 200 samples each of over 1,000 individuals; so that would really help us. Thanks for your suggestions!

Most of us, including myself, learned in our introductory ecology lessons that the prey number is controlled by the predator number, and the two maintains a dynamic equilibrium if no other interfernece occurs, which we also teach our students so. However, when we think about the relationship, we might be too used to deem it as a dichotomy and ignore the dual's relationship to the environment. It is a comprehensible mistake since the consequence on environment usually takes time to emerge, and this waiting time is mostly long. Nevertheless, there do be consequences.

I rememebr that how the rabbits devastated the vast area of Australia grassland and depleted their own food source in some area and died in mass. It is just not quick enough for us to see clearly. And so we know all the facts and mechanisms but rarely teach it the way it should be in class.

The new article(https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-021-03991-5) and related op-ed(https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-02951-3) provides a better example for us to refer to when next time we teach the lesson. Since the prosper of diatoms is mainly restricted by iron in the ocean, and the major iron-souce for them is from the poops of baleen whales (and the dispersion from whales' movement), the predator is in direct control of not only the prey number but also the producer's number. The turnover rate of materials is accelerated in this case, and the effect of whaling on the whole food chain comes much faster than in most other ecosystems.

I wonder if you know any other example(s) to showcase the same mechanism.

I plan to estimate the probability that the Ussuri dhole (Cuon alpinus alpinus) is extant in Russia and test the null hypothesis that extinction has not occurred. Based on several analytical papers and reviews (Solow, 2005; Rivadeneira et al., 2009; Lee et al., 2013; Clements et al., 2013; Boakes et al., 2015) I choose the Bayesian approach (Solow, 1993) and Optimal Linear Estimation (OLE) (Roberts and Solow, 2003).

I decided to use 'sExtinct' R-package (Clements, 2013) for OLE calculation.

Firstly, I tested the package on the sighting record of the Caribbean monk seal (Solow, 2005) and the Dodo (Roberts and Solow, 2003) (I attached a file with my script). Surprisingly, but the output of calculation in the package (lowerCI and upperCI) is discordant with the corresponding estimation in the original papers (Solow, 2005; Roberts and Solow, 2003).

For example, according to Solow's estimation (2005), the upper bound of the 0.95 confidence interval for the Caribbean monk seal is 2028. The 'sExtinction' package estimated the upper bound as 2093.799.

I received a similar result for Dodo: Roberts and Solow estimated the upper bound (95%) as 1797; the 'sExtinction' package gave out 1834.568.

I am at a loss. Where is the bug?

So, there is the question:

Can I use the 'sExtinction' package or I should write my own code by the description in original papers?

I invite @Christopher_Clements, @T_Lee2, @Marcelo_Rivadeneira, @Simon_Blomberg, @Diana_Fisher, and everyone for discussion.

Relevant work under these branches,

Field equipment,

Qualitative & Quantitative findings

Drawbacks & Advantages &

Constructive suggestions or measures. (Thank you).

Biodiversity is diverse in virtually unlimited degree, which results from the essence of processes of evolution of species, filet lines and entire ecosystems. It is thanks to the millions of years of evolutionary processes on Earth that there are so many different natural and highly diverse ecosystems in which different species of flora, fauna, fungi and microorganisms adapt to life in different and very diverse geographical and climatic environments.

The largest biodiversity of ecosystems and species functions in natural environmental environments in which ecosystems have evolved without human impact through millions of years of climatic and geographical conditions enabling the development of various life forms. These types of high biodiversity sites can be found in unpolluted rainforest ecosystems in tropical forests, in temperate climates and in coral reefs.

Unfortunately, human civilization activity contributes to the successive and accelerating process of biodiversity reduction by dying out species of living organisms. The areas of natural natural ecosystems are decreasing, including those in which the greatest biodiversity is diagnosed, such as the rainforests of the Amazon. The protection of naturalistic ecosystems and thus the protection of the planet's biodiversity is the most important challenge for mankind in the 21st century.

Do you agree with my opinion on this matter?

In view of the above, I am asking you the following question:

Please reply

I invite you to the discussion

Thank you very much

Best wishes

In many countries, the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic have seen a large increase in visits to national parks and other protected areas as people try to escape urban areas for some fresh air and exercise. This has often then resulted in closure of facilities to limit crowding. At the peak of the epidemic, all human movement is usually restricted, with only key workers - medical, police, food etc. - able to move around freely. What happens to protected area staff then? In some countries, such as India, they are able to continue working, but there does not seem to be a general pattern. There is potentially a risk that locking out protected area staff would leave these sites unprotected, against vandalism, poaching, fires etc. Is there any evidence that this has happened in any country? This may seem a fairly minor concern at a time of widespread human tragedy, but we are going to need these areas when we get out of this and I would find it comforting to know that they and their protectors are getting the support they need. Keep safe!

Almost no information on seed fate has been reported for Asian pheasants (Phasianidae), although they certainly eat fruits and are attracted to fruit baits at camera traps. They are typically the largest birds in forest understories in the tropics and subtropics, unless hunted, so they are potentially significant in seed dispersal if seeds survive gut passage.

Hi Every one!

I'm Phd student from Cadi Ayyad university/Morocco working on Conservation Biology and Ecophysiology. I need to work with XLSTAT for my research. I worked first wih trial version that finished after 1 months!!

Could someone help me?

Thank you!!

Best regards!!

Soumia,

PhD student/ Cadi Ayyad University

I am interested in how bird song differs on islands and adjoining mainland. Differences in bird song may be a pre-zygotic isolating mechanism and a factor leading to evolutionary differentiation. British islands and coastal areas can be quite windy. Can this be a problem for recording? I am a novice to this type of study so any advice would be appreciated.

If you've worked on islands, especially islands that have never been connected to continents, you've probably noticed that new construction projects often lead to an increase of invasive species in the area. As a scientist, what measures can you suggest to mitigate increases in invasive species abundance in recently disturbed habitats? I'm thinking especially about terrestrial invertebrates (I work mostly on ants and land snails), but it would be interesting to hear people's thoughts who work on different systems as well. If you have any references that you think would be relevant, I'd love to see them! Thanks!

Would like to conduct a detailed study into vulture diversity, abundance, population density and movement patterns on the endangered Hooded vulture within Ghana as well as current threats that are leading to its reported population decline within the range. I would very much appreciate papers on similar studies and pointers on properly designing the study as well as possible funding sources. Thanks

Hello conservation biology teachers & practitioners. The college where I teach undergrad conservation biology is switching from semester-long to four-week condensed classes. We are asked to champion depth over breadth. We were told to avoid packing all our previous syllabus in 4 weeks, but rather re-design the course from the start, identifying 4 or 5 main learning outcomes we want students to have at the end of the course. I have a hard time identifying the most important, currently relevant concepts students should know at the end of a 4 weeks conservation biology class (I feel everything is important!). So, I thought I would put it out in the wider community; If you had to teach only 4 or 5 main concepts in Conservation Biology, what would you do? Thanks in advance!

I am a researcher in Plant Systematics and Conservation Biology Research Lab, Department of Applied Biology, Faculty of Science, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria. I am looking for collaboration in COVID 19 RESEARCH

Several animals, especially avians, have successfully adapted to live in cities. The urbanized environment affects these birds both in behavioral, and morphological aspects as stated in several journal articles I’ve read. I have been wondering what would happen to a certain population of birds if their urban environment is lost or if they are reintroduced to the wild after generations of adaptive progress in relation to the urban environment. A lot of articles talk about how wild animals adapt to urban areas, but so far I have not found any regarding the opposite. Considering that most animals raised in captivity don't fare very well in the wild where they are left to their own resources, would these birds exhibit a similar pattern? Would it be different since they are a ‘wild’ urban species and technically not raised in captivity? In what ways would the loss of an urban habitat most likely affect the avian species?

I have data of catch and catch per unit effort of cuttlefish for 2 years. The data came from artisanal hook and line fishery. Can we simply use the equation which relate CPUE and abundance to estimate fish biomass? How to estimate the catchability coefficient in such case? There are many factors affecting this relationship and sometimes it is difficult to take account of them.

The data I have include catch, effort in time spent fishing (from handheld gps loggers) and the estimated CPUE.

i want to study problems of rehabilitated people because of Tiger reserve in western ghat. is there any literature or research papers related to this issue. plz suggest

In search of assessment alternatives to exams as I now teaching online. Appreciate this supportive community and wanted to reach out. TIA.

Catastrophic reports and publications about the rapid loss of species numbers are becoming increasingly frequent. Furthermore, the biomass of common animal species, such as insects or birds, is also being hotly debated.

In contrast, the loss of plant species and their biomass is much less frequently reported. Does anyone know of well-documented reports or publications on massive local or global plant losses and/or massive plant biomass losses?

The Apo Island conservation project is an example of how a scientist was able to work with local fishermen to educate them about the need for a marine sanctuary. Details at:

http://www.ecotippingpoints.org/video/apo-island/index.html

I have a long-term slow loris research project. We have been using the very expensive Biotrack Sika and six element yagi. Unfortunately, despite working in a non-arduous anthropogenic landscape and keeping equipment clean and dry (although it rains frequently), the break downs have become financially non-viable and we are looking for a more commercial radio receiver that is more affordable. I used Icom in the past but they seem largely discontinued. Does anyone have any experience with Uniden? It is to track small animals within a few km at a frequency of about 150. Key is cost efficiency as our project budget is very low!

Setting these units up in a treed area is easy enough, but has anyone ever set them in a treeless location, specifically a fen or a bog? I would be putting these units up during the winter, and collecting them in the summer so whatever I affix them to would have to survive the melting snow, and thawing peat/ground.

My name is Hairul from Selangor, Malaysia, 36 years old, 175cm, 66kg. I am looking for an opportunity to further study in PhD level. Any body here looking for a PhD student in research field such as wildlife management, conservation biology or life sciences. So far my expertise on breeding assessment, exitu management, terrapins/turtles, ecology and conservation.

Collaborations may be forthcoming if I can find anyone working on plant assisted colonization.  It can be anywhere in the world and any habitat.  I want to try out a decision framework recently published on AC and the biogeographic approach.

My colleagues and I are investigating the population structure of ruffed lemurs throughout their known distribution. We've already run both a structure analysis and a principal coordinate analysis & it's looking like we've got K=2 populations/genetic clusters. Based on these analyses, it seems as though a large river is likely acting as a dispersal barrier; however, we'd like to be able to test this hypothesis. We've tried SAMOVA and Geneland, but have been unable to get the dataset formatted appropriately (or some other issue -- hard to tell, but we can't get either of the programs working). Can anybody help?! Example input files and/or suggestions for appropriate tests would be extremely helpful! We've got two weeks before the revision is due!

Using MaxEnt to predict future distributions of species (e.g. using predicted future bioclimatic variables from Worldclim) seems to be a very popular approach in conservation biology.

I don't fully understand the "blackbox" workings of MaxEnt, but as far as I am aware, for each recorded presence of your species, MaxEnt associates the spatially corresponding values of our environmental variables, in order to find what conditions the species can live in.

If this is the case, then this is fine for predicting the CURRENT area of suitable habitat for the target species.

However, if you are inputting predicted future climate data, and current species presence data then you are now (inaccurately) determining the species' required environmental conditions from a potentially very different climate.

Sorry for a long-winded question. Am I completely misunderstanding the internal workings of MaxEnt or is it just not applicable for future projections of suitable habitat?

Any insight very much apprectaied!

Hi all,

I am wondering if there was anyone interested in have a look at a draft of a follow up paper to my (and James Maclaurin's) 2016 paper 'The Value of Phylogenetic Diversity'. I am working on it just now. It would be good to get someone working on this project to have a look as it should be relevant. Here is the abstract.

Preserving the Tree of Life

Abstract

Biodiversity is a key concept in the biological sciences. While it has its origin in conservation biology it has become useful across multiple biological disciplines as a means to describe biological variation. It remains, however, unclear what particular biological units the concept refers to. There are currently multiple accounts of which biological features constitute biodiversity and how these are to be measured. I draw from the species concept debate to argue for a particular set of desiderata for “biodiversity” that is both principled and coheres with the concept’s use. Given these desiderata biodiversity should be understood as referring to difference quantified in terms of the phylogenetic structure of lineages, also known as the tree of life.

I have an impression that as time goes by, the gap between conservation science and practice is increasing. Since the practitioners (such as PA rangers, NGO staff with no research background, people in the decision making bodies, and simple interested people) are and will be at the same knowledge level, conservation science is getting more and more sophisticated. High quality literature frequently reporting the findings or providing suggestions that itself requires specific qualifications and skills to be understood.

As an example, most of the decision makers, and great deal of conservation practitioners in Georgia never reads articles published in leading conversational journals. What about other countries?

I am working on a comparative review of assisted migration in conservation and forestry applications. Unfortunately, I have found it difficult to unearth conservation AM examples for animals. Is anyone aware of any relevant studies or implemented management strategies that fit this bill? Note: I am not including translocation in this research, only assisted migrations where species are introduction to novel environments outside of their known historic range; and I am particularly interested in examples driven by climate change.

In recent years ecological innovations have been created mainly in the field of renewable energy sources, improvement of waste segregation techniques, recycling, treatment of polluted water, reclamation of a devastated natural environment, energy-efficient construction, electromobility etc. However, more and more eco-innovations, new technological solutions, technical improvements which is part of sustainable ecological development, is also created in many other fields of science.

In view of the above, are examples of pro-ecological undertakings, technological improvements compatible with sustainable ecological development or ecological innovations that are also created in one of the following or other related fields of science, for example: Molecular Biology, Biotechnology, Anthropology Theory, Medicine, Electrical Engineering , Artificial Intelligence, Genetics, Business Administration, Risk Management, Big Data, Business Intelligence, Automation & Robotics, Climatology, Agriculture, Biophysics, Biochemistry, Medical Intelligence, Artificial Neural Networks, Ecosystem Analysis, Power Engineering, Construction, Food production, Forest ecology, Biology, Geoscience, Government Programs, Behavioral Sciences, Biodiversity Assessment, Green Architecture, Greenhouse, Waste, Household Products, Information Society, Innovation Management, International Entrepreneurship, Internet Technologies, Knowledge Creation, Bioelectric Energy gy Sources, Business Model Innovation, Cataclysmic Variables, Chromatography, Clean Energy, Cleantech, Climate Prediction, Collaborative Innovation, Commercialization, Computational Intelligence, Computer Science and Engineering, Conservation Biology, Consumer Behavior, Corporate Governance, Creative Economy, Crisis Communication, Cyber ​​Security, Data Analysis, Database Administration, Development Cooperation, Digital Ecosystems, Economic Ecoindicators, Ecosystem Ecology, Energy Industry, Ecological Modeling Ecological Economics, Ecological Indicators, Discovery, Earth Sciences, Earthquake Forecasting and Geocataclysm, Econometric Analysis, Economic Integration, Economics of Innovation, Ecosystem Engineering, Electricity, Electronic Systems, Energetic Materials, Energy Technologies, Environment, Environmental Biodegradation, Flora, Food Consumption Life Sciences, Logistics Management, Materials for Sustainable Energy, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Nanomaterials, New Media Technology, Recycling, Physics of Global Warming, Plant Protection, Predicive Analytics, Production Planning, Project Development, Public Economics, Public Policy, Public Policy, Sociobiology, Space Science, Sustainable Agriculture, Sustainable Development Strategies, Technology Forecasting, Transport Economics, Water Resources, Weather Forecasting, Wildlife Conservation, World Economy, ...?

In view of the above, the current question is: What areas of knowledge will be involved in shaping sustainable pro-ecological economic development in the 21st century?

Please, answer, comments. I invite you to the discussion.

Does anyone recommend a good book on data analysis (with R) in the field of "applied" ecology? I am proficient with R and ecological data analysis overall, but I need some references for helping me transition from solely academic/theoretical ecology to conservation and management. Basically, I need to go from theoretical statistical significance to biologically meaningful decision making, predictions, and forecasting. For example, I recently read about loss functions and how they are used to go from statistical inference to decision making. Other examples include (but not limited to): forecasting population sizes as a function of different management scenarios; prioritizing conservation or management importance of different sites; or just going from model coefficients to easy-to-understand values that management organizations can use to make actual decisions.

To be clear, I can figure out most of these things myself based on my current background (and it's fun to!), but: 1) it is a lot of extra time, 2) I don't want to reinvent the wheel, 3) there are probably standardized protocols that are generally "accepted" by applied ecologists, and somewhat conforming to those standards will help with publications.

Note: I've found several books that each focus on particular topics (e.g., fisheries modeling, spatial analysis, survival analysis, forecasting, etc.) but I am looking for something with perhaps less depth and more breadth on applied ecology techniques in general.

EDIT: My interest in this is mostly around plant ecology and conservation, but a resource that includes topics on wildlife management analysis would be helpful too.

Thank you in advance!

'UNICOR is intended for use by land managers as well as the research community and will be a valuable tool for the study of conservation biology, by increasing our understanding of species connectivity in fragmenting future landscapes.' It's a python based stand-alone programme. Is it possible to use the programme to execute run simulation in R?

As a geographer/geomorphologist with interest in nature (karst) protection, I'm dealing with one Natura 2000 site in Croatia under heavy pollution pressure. It is a sinking river in contact karst area exposed to pollution from nearby dump site and sewerage - consequences: pollution of river (destruction of water fauna), its ponor and underground stream possibly up to the distant karst springs. One of the basic problems is in bad delineation of borders not including larger catchment area (small city, suburban area with important percentage of arable land - a lot of anthropogenic pressure) but only small part of river bed. So it is completely inefficient because it does not prevent or reduce the pressure on the protected water habitat of interest. Second problem is that most of Natura 2000 sites in Croatia are poorly managed or not managed at all (no management plans), with badly determined borders/areas drawn without enough scientific fundamentals so their efficiency is questionable in many cases.

My question rised from topic asked 5 years ago: https://www.researchgate.net/post/How_well_is_Natura_2000_protecting_European_biodiversity2

I'm searching for any updates on this topic - newer articles with examples. I'm interested in various habitats, not only karst and water, but all good examples of bad decisions in delineating Natura sites and repercussions to habitats, flora & fauna.

Maybe we can start some collaboration in this topic...

Thank you.

The above article is in Conservation Biology. 30 (5), 933-949, 2016.

The authors are Daniel A. Friess and others. Could I have a pdf copy of this article.

What we'll do when after 40 years we use all global proved oil reserves? The global economy consumes approximately 1.26 trillion U.S. gallons of oil. One trillion U.S. gallons is about one cubic mile of oil (1 CMO). The world consumes ca. 3 CMO equivalent energy annually from all sources. Global proved oil reserves are estimated roughly at 43 cubic miles, or 43 CMO. After 40 years we will used all of them. What we 'll do later?

From January 2014 to December 2016, I conducted monthly field trips in three different areas of Dhaka city, Bangladesh to investigate how butterflies survive in an inner-city habitat. I have found that the species richness (I did not count the species abundance) is declining with time.

Presently, I have:

* monthly species-specific data of three continuous years (36 continuous months) of the three different areas

* Four environmental variables (temperature, rainfall, humidity and sunshine hours)

* Pollution level

* IUCN Red List status

* Land-use analysis of these three different areas

Now, I am really confused considering the proper way to link these pieces of information! Could anyone of you please share some ideas?

I wonder if anyone knows about citizen science projects in primate research/conservation. I have reviewed the literature on the (potential) role of citizen science in primate research and conservation, but so far I have found only one project: www.chimpandsee.org. I have also learned that the Colombian Primatological Society has launched a call for volunteer contributions of primate occurrence records for a study on species distributions. However, I have not found concrete information (reports, peer-reviewed article) on that project yet. Has anyone heard of similar projects?

World's urban tales had been told many years ago that polar bears are wandering through Polish country. It was never true in historical times, however Alfred Jahn has written in his "Ice and glaciations" (PWN 1971): "In Poland, snow begins to fall mostly in December, and in January and February already covers the earth with a thin layer. This happens when the air temperature drops below 0deg, when the water freezes and the earth is covered with a hard, soggy clod. The change takes place in March. Just a few days of thaw ..." This winter we have here up to 9degC and a thin layer of snow was with breaks for... four weeks no more. In late December I've found the willow flowers at the walk. Daisies bloomed on the lawns. It's a rule now. However, it is not question in plant biology. We start to enjoy with a mediterrenian climate, now. And the mediterrenians? Now it is hard to stay there in the summer time. We also are the most calm country in the Europe with longest white-and-yellow sandy sunny beaches at the seaside. Will Poland be the best place to live for next few centuries?

This winter season the first thin layer of snow occurred here on 5th January 2020.

I am looking for samples for a running project on the molecular phylogeny and historical biogeography of freshwater limpets of the family Acroloxidae (see the following link to the RG project)

Our current sampling in Europe is moderate (see attached maps), but some important regions are still missing (western, central and northern Europe).

Please, contact me if you could provide fresh (recent or max. 10 years old) ethanol-fixed specimens (shells including tissue).

Best regards

Björn Stelbrink

Dear colleagues,

In recent days an article was published in the Washington Post trying to sell the idea that we, humans, should not work towards preventing the extinction of as many endangered species as possible, and that we should only focus on saving species that might help us survived as species as longer as possible. This is the article:

Our colleague Dr. Alexandre Antonelli is organizing a rebuttal and everyone is welcome to sign it. It is currently aimed as a short commentary in the Washington Post, but I believe it might be possible that this would lead to a larger perspective piece in a scientific journals. Please take a look at the short 750-words manuscript and feel free to sign if you agree with the text. To do so, please use the following link and open the corresponding documents: https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1VJuKuXDP62NQcBdIuIkCi-LqMyRbORv2?usp=sharing

Best regards,

Eliécer

Dear colleagues,

Our preliminary project concerns only 10 000 m², my question is : if we have to Avoid monocultures during afforestation-reforestation program, Does it mean that we have to avoid the same genus too?

Thank you

Are there papers or studies on conservation vs. conservation conflicts and how to avid and/or manage them? Here in Bulgaria we have at least two such conflicts, where actions to conserve one conservation dependent species are not in favour to other or even worse may further threaten it. For example conservation of the wolf in Bulgaria (especially legislation changes) could lead to illegal actions against wolf (e.g. poison baits use), which do not affect the wolf that much, but are absolutely dangerous to vultures and eagles. This conflict passes through the man-wolf conflict though. The other example is the conservation of the European Suslik (Spermophilus cittelus), which requires well grazed (even may be overgrazed) grasslands to recover and sustain and its conservation, restoration and abundance is fundamental for several other species (e.g. Saker Falcon, Imperial Eagle etc.), but the general nature lovers and botanists are against heavy grazing and keeping grassland in best condition for Susliks. So here is a Conservation-Conservation conflict. To may opinin it should be measured on the base of Conservation value of the species involved, which is not always the case e.g. managers of the Central Balkan National Park in Bulgaria. Any references, notes or discussion will be appreciated.

the method to adopt in achieving the above research topic

Ecosystem processes are not linear and are difficult to characterize.

I'm referring to the spread of freshwater species that are attractive aquarium/angling fishes such as the sunfishes, catfishes and snakeheads in European waters (aliens!!!). Europeans will continue to keep them in captivity and will use them as angling attractions or to stock their big mouth bass fishing areas. Please, any innovative ideas would be very much appreciated!

I want to use dragonfly indices to predict wetland integrity.How can I compare their performance before using them so that I know the best before using it.

Any resource about dragonfly can be appreciated

Dear Dr. Ramachandra,

I would like to know if you work only in Uttar Kannada or also in other parts of the country?

I have worked on solitary bee diversity and abundance of social bees (specifially Apis dorsata) in about 34 sacred forests of Kodagu (year 2007-2009). I would like to know if this data would benefit your study in anyway? We might also have some data on butterflies (fewer location though).

With Regards

Smitha

hi are ant author work population dynamics or stock assessment on cat fish ( Clarias gariepinus) in any place in world 

tell me  

i mean social interactions between the species and native species

Methodology on field experiment on endangered frog, to establish their breeding success and phenologies. The distribution and their ecology has been assessed, and I would like to set up some pond experiments to check for these parameters. Kindly Help Where possible. Would really appreciate. Thank you

I need to present a clear chart to farmers to illustrate the dynamics of an earthworm population in a pasture and/or a cultivated field (not a forest).

Simply put, that would be a graph with the months on the X axis, and earthworm abundances and biomasses on the Y axis.

Having the corresponding temperature and rainfall records would be an excellent complementary information.

I am working with european farmers, so having data from a temperate climate would be great.

I found this kind of data coming from New zealand, Africa, and even Himalayas, but impossible to find it for Europe.

If you know studies which also investigate the changes over several years, that would be fantastic.

Thanks !

Freshwater mussel taxonomic order is one of the most endangered groups of animals on the planet, but the nomenclature used in current literature seems to be unclear: order Unionoida or Unionida?

To think about this, consider that thousands of wildebeests drown annually in Africa, and this has a major effect on the movement of Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Carbon in ecosystems. http://www.sciencemag.org/news/2017/06/every-year-thousands-drowned-wildebeest-feed-african-ecosystem?utm_source=newsfromscience&utm_medium=facebook-text&utm_campaign=drowndebeest-13702

Also, in the book Salmon, King of Fish, a book by David Montgomery, the death of thousands of spawning salmon serve to move nitrogen around...

The most recent extinction event was that of the megafauna (woolly mammoths, mastodons, horses, etc) some 12,900 years ago.  If this extinction was due to an event as Firestone et al 2007 propose (extraterrestrial impact to the Laurentide Ice Sheet) , then how were C, N and P from this deathbed assemblage stored or recycled? Additional factors would have been wildfires and accompanying acid rain associated with the ET impact.

I have been doing ecological studies in Red-headed Vulture in Nepal and during my literature review, I realized that not more studies in this species have been conducted in the region. So could someone suggest is there any ecological status or simply study on population has been conducted in China (mainland), Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand and Vietnam?

This particular plant species was found in Easter Highland of Papua New Guinea at an altitude of 2500m asl. Your help is greatly appreciated.

Does anyone know references on positive co-existance of goat and sheep breeding and neighboring forest ecosystems, especially for mountain areas?

I am interested in commercial cultivation of marine oysters/ mussels in field from secured river patches near the sea (Maharashtra, West coast of India). I would like to know about methods, timing, species etc. which will be convenient for that area. 

I have used graph eyepiece for the measurements and calculated graph division in different magnifications like in 4x= 0.25 mm, 10x= 0.1 mm and 40x= 0.025 mm. I have drawn maximum diagrams in 40x on the graph paper. kindly suggest me how to measure the reference line for each diagram like setae, crochets, body segments and head.

kindly suggest me how to measure the reference line for each diagram like setae, crochets, body segments and head.Thank you.

Hi, All! I am looking for papers related to the methodological framework to compare policy architecture at the country level, preferably in environment and biodiversity conservation, but examples in other fields also can be useful. I am new on this topic, so any information will be useful. Thanks in advance!

I would like to know if this is possible and if dragonflies can be used as a dengue-control measure. Thank you :).

Knowing that in urbanized areas, diversity amongst organisms is probable, is it possible for endangered species to live there without going extinct?

Would the world’s ecosystems (coral reefs, rainforests, etc.) be significantly different were it not for the detrimental effects of the war, specifically World War II? And how so? Would the effects of climate change not be such a problem / hasten the process? Would we have less extinct and endangered species? 

New marine areas are being allocated for ecotourism and recreational diving. How to assess the impact on reef fish communities of non-extractive uses such as diving?

This is to provide insight into whether or not human settlement density is affected by latitudinal position. 

On the successional processes, as we know, initially there is no plant and by the time plants are gradually coming into the ecosystem through various ways. On the restoration project, succession may get faster by artificial planting. Planting tree may cut some successional steps and bring the ecosystem directly to the late stage. However, I am curious, is it important for planting grass and shrub before planting tree? it seems that the successional process is not as fast as planting trees directly, but I am wondering with the effectiveness. 

If any of you can explain about it, I would appreciate it.

Bests

Trematode parasites of amphibians