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"Delving into the Conceptual Approach and the Essential Factor in Their Application in the Field of Sports Work"
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Sports management and sports administration are similar and often overlap, although management focuses more on the business element. People with jobs in sports management usually dedicate themselves to public relations, marketing, or negotiating trades between teams. Sports administration is more focused on running an athletic program. Administrators often help with recruitment efforts, set athletic goals for players, work with a player's agent to negotiate a contract, and arrange activities and events off the field. The primary qualifications for a job in sports administration or sports management are a bachelor's degree in a relevant field and experience working with an athletic program
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The development of conceptual thinking is associated not only with the ability to analyze concepts. Often, a person, after reading a few words, realizes that they did not fully understand, but overlooks the fact that for understanding, not only their assumption is necessary, but also an analysis of the logic of the presentation.
Even if a person is critical of their first impressions, they may neglect the search for these logical connections in the text, relying only on their guess. This is often because for many people, "understanding" means simply solving a problem, and they try to solve this "problem" intuitively rather than examining the sequential logic of the presentation. However, true understanding requires this additional step - a consistent analysis of the structure and logic of the presentation of the material. Only through the study of the logic, and not just concepts, is the true development of conceptual thinking possible. This approach to the development of conceptual thinking is applicable not only to academic texts, but also to more popular formats such as blogs and social media.
What are your thoughts on this perspective on developing conceptual thinking skills?
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Ivan Koshevnik This framework does well to highlight the gap between intuitive understanding and structured comprehension. The argument that most learners skip the examination of logic in favor of premature certainty is valid and often overlooked in both academia and informal learning environments.
However, for thinkers who engage with material both intuitively and analytically, this “extra step” isn’t supplemental—it’s essential and automatic. The real question isn’t whether to examine logical structure, but how to teach others to see its necessity in the first place.
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V.I. Vernadsky was one of the fathers of the science of geochemistry and the father of biogeochemistry. He modernized conceptualization of the biosphere. His works and ideas were ahead of his time and to a degree, are ahead of our time. I think his works are helpful in our effort toward the goals of sustainability. I will be glad to hear any comment from you, dear colleagues.
This is my comment to my question:
During the time when you attended lectures at your university, have you heard the name of V.I. Vernadsky?
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I did hear the name mentioned once with regard to Vernadski's ideas as preceding those of James Lovelock and his Gaia Hypothesis. Since he published his book "The Biosphere" first in Russian and then translated into French it had little influence on the anglophone scientists especially the Americans who were going through McCarthyism. Moreover, even the Gaia Hypothesis was initially widely rejected by scientists because of its new age name and the idea that “the world is a living organism.”
The complete "The Biosphere" has now been translated into English with an introduction by Lovelock's collaborator Llyn Margulis. There is more info on the book's reception here:
and scroll down. The noosphere has been replaced in western culture by the idea of the Anthropocene.
I would just add that if you want to get your ideas accepted in the West you must publish in English, the lingua franca of science, which has now replaced Latin as the international language of science.
Hope this helps,
Alastair.
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How does this apply to social science studies?
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Both frameworks are essential in research, but they serve different purposes. The conceptual framework helps organize and visualize the research problem, while the theoretical framework provides a foundation in existing theory to interpret findings.
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Scientifically, physical objects (such as a clock) can undergo changes due to applied forces or relativistic effects.
However, abstract concepts—such as numbers, addition, dimensions, space, and time—are not physically alterable, as they are conceptual rather than material. This is a well-established scientific fact.
Despite this, the notion of curvature in spacetime has led to the misconception that spacetime itself is physical rather than abstract.
Since neither space nor time possesses physical properties, they cannot be subjects of direct experimentation. Instead, they serve as conceptual dimensions—a framework within which physical objects exist and can be measured.
Measurements in physics are always performed on physical entities, not on dimensions themselves. For example, in a coordinate system, dimensions such as x, y, z, and t are graphical representations—they do not measure space or time itself but rather the physical objects within them. Similarly, space and time, as dimensions, do not physically change—only objects within these dimensions undergo measurable transformations. These transformations are always physical (e.g., changes in material properties or energy states), whereas space and time remain conceptual constructs.
Thus, the idea of spacetime curvature is fundamentally flawed because only physical entities—such as electromagnetic fields, gravitational fields, or massive objects—can bend or curve. Space and time, being dimensions, do not possess length, height, or depth themselves; rather, they define the extent of objects that have these properties.
In mathematics and geometry, space and time are represented abstractly, but this does not imply they are physically capable of curvature.
If curvature exists, it must be a property of physical objects, such as mass-bearing structures or massless fields like electromagnetism or gravity—not of spacetime itself.
Do you acknowledge the key points I have stated above?
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Mr. David Cowan,
Your response begins by rejecting the notion of spacetime curvature, seemingly aligning with my argument that space and time are abstract dimensions rather than physical entities. However, in the very next paragraph, you contradict this position by asserting that spacetime has a physical form, albeit one that is “physically immeasurable by currently available instruments.”
This assertion is self-defeating. A fundamental principle in science is that physical entities must be measurable, either directly or indirectly, through empirical evidence. If something is inherently unmeasurable, it falls outside the realm of physical science and into mere speculation. By insisting that spacetime has physical properties while simultaneously claiming it cannot be measured, you present an unfalsifiable premise—one that cannot be tested, verified, or falsified by any means.
Additionally, your claim that the planetary system's density distribution is evidence of spacetime’s physicality is not only irrelevant but also misleading. The arrangement of planetary densities follows from well-understood principles of mass distribution, accretion dynamics, and gravitational interactions. It has no bearing on whether spacetime itself possesses physical properties. This attempt to repurpose unrelated physical phenomena as evidence for spacetime's physicality completely disregards the core scientific distinction I outlined: measurements in physics are always performed on physical entities, not on dimensions themselves.
Your approach exemplifies a common but flawed rhetorical tactic—appearing to acknowledge an argument while subtly shifting the premise to reinforce your own position. I call such behavior the exhibition of intellectual dishonesty. Instead of engaging with the fundamental reasoning in my post, you presented an inconsistent stance that ultimately serves to reassert the very misconception my argument was dismantling.
If you genuinely wish to engage in a meaningful discussion, then the correct approach is to address the core argument directly: How can spacetime be considered physical when it lacks the fundamental characteristics required of a physical entity—measurability, tangible interaction, and empirical validation?
I look forward to a response that directly addresses this question without resorting to contradictions or unverifiable assumptions.
Best regards,
Soumendra Nath Thakur
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To put it in a simple and direct way, I coined the word and the term biomachinery to have a useful contribution to words and terminology to describe some novel functions of organisms within ecosystem, especially aquatic organisms within water bodies and streams, with emphasis on the vital ecosystem function toward maintaining and improving water quality (water self-purification). Below I listed the publications of mine in which this word, biomachinery, is coined and used.
These are 3 key papers in which the new term, biomachinery, was introduced into science.
The three papers:
1. S.A. Ostroumov (2005) Filter-feeders as part of ecological biomachinery to purify water, Internationale Vereinigung für theoretische und angewandte Limnologie: Verhandlungen, 29:2, 1072-1074, DOI: 10.1080/03680770.2005.11902849 ;  https://doi.org/10.1080/03680770.2005.11902849. Available online free, full-text: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/325514384 ;
2. Biomachinery for maintaining water quality and natural water self-purification in marine and estuarine systems: elements of a qualitative theory. International Journal of Oceans and Oceanography. Vol.1, No.1 (2006), pp. 111-118; https://www.researchgate.net/publication/261344473 ;
3.Ostroumov S.A., Water Quality and Conditioning in Natural Ecosystems: Biomachinery Theory of Self-Purification of Water. - Russian Journal of General Chemistry, 2017, Vol. 87, No. 13, pp. 3199–3204. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/323122008;
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@Susan Ross, Thank you for your detailed answer. The topic is of interest to me as it was me who originated and coined this new word, biomachinery. At this moment I have to run to my university. I will reply to your words in more detail a bit later.
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The Philosophy of Health Sciences is essential in higher education as it provides a deeper understanding of medical and health research's ethical, epistemological, and conceptual foundations. Therefore, it should be included in PhD, DM, and MCh courses to enhance critical thinking, ethical decision-making, and the philosophical rigor of future healthcare professionals.
Please suggest the best readings for such a course (3 credits) and share your experiences while taking sessions.
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The Philosophy of Health Sciences is an interdisciplinary field that explores the conceptual, epistemological, and ethical foundations of medicine and healthcare. Several key readings provide a strong foundation for understanding these issues. Trisha Greenhalgh’s How to Read a Paper: The Basics of Evidence-Based Medicine and Healthcare offers both practical and philosophical insights into the nature of medical evidence, while Jeremy Howick’s The Philosophy of Evidence-Based Medicine critically examines the epistemological underpinnings of medical research. For a deeper discussion on the nature of health, Christopher Boorse’s seminal paper Health as a Theoretical Concept (1977) provides a biological perspective, while Lennart Nordenfelt’s On the Nature of Health: An Action-Theoretic Approach presents a holistic view that incorporates well-being and functionality. Havi Carel’s Phenomenology of Illness explores the lived experience of disease, contributing to a growing discourse on patient-centered perspectives in healthcare. Additionally, Alex Broadbent’s Philosophy of Medicine and Miriam Solomon’s Making Medical Knowledge delve into the construction and validation of medical knowledge. Ethical and philosophical dilemmas in clinical practice are discussed in Georgina Hawley’s Ethics in Clinical Practice: An Interprofessional Approach, while K. S. Shrader-Frechette’s Risk and Rationality: Philosophical Foundations for Population Health tackles the intersection of ethics, public health, and policy-making. For a broader philosophical context, Ian Hacking’s The Social Construction of What? provides an insightful discussion on the ways diseases and medical categories are socially constructed. These readings collectively provide a comprehensive foundation for exploring the philosophical dimensions of health sciences, from epistemology to ethics and the lived experience of illness.
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Do Deep learning models really ‘get it,’ or do they make statistical predictions? Is it possible for artificial intelligence to reach the level of conceptual understanding? If it is possible, how do you think it will be?
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Kubilay Ayturan Unless we're going too deep into philosophy or metaphisics, I'd say that for practical purposes it already kind of "get's it".
1) It works. Seriously, for me that is basic reality check concerning whether we face rudimentary understanding: is it able to solve problems where neither memorizing correct answer nor expressing fluffy bs would help, but one would need to understand the problem? Yes, it is able to do so and gets quite good at programming.
2) It already passed good old fashion Turing test which was intended as proxy for thinking. If we need to move goalpost, then we kind of admit that is doing fine.
3) In "chain of thought prompting" instead giving outright answer, it first analyses the problem. It presents its line of reasoning (which generally shows that it understands what's the problem) and uses this reasoning to provide much better answer than the same model asked to give answer straight away. (so demonstrates that this analysis of problem indeed helped thus showing some understanding)
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Currently, I am stuck at the stage of developing/creating conceptual framework in the chapter of my literature review. I struggle to develop conceptual framework as I heard so many definitions and also ways to create conceptual framework plus does the conceptual framework have to be already existed in research field or develop our own conceptual framework which has not existed yet. I often confused conceptual framework with theoretical framework.
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Hi, it depends on your field of study, since natural science, social science, and humanities have different goals and approaches. It also depends on your educational level what is expected from you in terms of originality. A PhD needs to be original, but a MA less so and a BA needs to be able to reproduce insights.
A theory is a set of ideas, while a concept is one clearly defined idea. If you work with a theory/theories or a concept depends on your research question and the scope of your research. It is doable to look at only one concept for writing a shorter academic essay. You should first develop a research question, and then look at other research that is also tackling that question or aspects of it. You need to have a look if you agree with others, differ from them, or want to modify their statements in relation to your own question/statement.
It is normally a good sign if others have also written on aspects you want to research. If no one ever touched upon it, chances are that the question is not answerable.
Hope this answers at least some of your questions.
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Conceptualizing a study on intimate partners violence (IPV) among university student. Kindly share with me IPV questionnaire if you have it
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CDC has an online resource you can download and it has different measures depending on what IPV aspect you want to focus on
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Introduction: Conceptual Remnants and the Challenge of Physical Objectivity
Physics has long been regarded as the science dedicated to uncovering the fundamental laws governing nature. However, in contemporary theoretical physics, there is an increasing reliance on mathematical models as the primary tool for understanding reality. This raises fundamental questions:
  • Is physics still unknowingly entangled in issues arising from emergent effects?
  • Could these emergent effects create a gap between physical reality and the virtual constructs generated through mathematical modeling?
Throughout the history of science, there have been instances where physicists, without fully grasping fundamental principles, formulated models that later turned out to be mere consequences of emergent effects rather than reflections of objective reality. For instance, in classical thermodynamics, macroscopic quantities such as temperature and pressure emerged as statistical descriptions of microscopic particle behavior rather than fundamental properties of nature.
The crucial question today is: Are we still facing similar emergent illusions in modern theoretical physics? Could it be that many of the sophisticated mathematical models we use are not pointing to an underlying physical reality but are merely the byproducts of our perception and modeling techniques?
Mathematical Models and Conceptual Remnants: Are We Chasing a Mirage?
Mathematics has always been an essential tool in physics, but over time, it has also shaped the way we think about physical reality. In many areas of theoretical physics, mathematical methods have advanced to a point where we may no longer be discovering physical truths but instead fine-tuning mathematical structures to fit our theoretical frameworks.
  • Has theoretical physics become a vast computational engine, focusing on adjusting relationships between mathematical variables rather than seeking an independent physical reality?
  • Could it be that many of the concepts emerging from our models are mere reflections of mathematical structures rather than objective entities in nature?
Examples of such concerns can be found in theories like string theory, where extra spatial dimensions and complex symmetry groups are introduced as necessary mathematical elements, despite lacking direct experimental verification. This raises the possibility that some of these theoretical constructs exist only because they are mathematically required to make the model internally consistent, rather than because they correspond to something physically real.
Fundamental Critique: Should We Even Be Searching for Physical Objectivity?
One of the most profound implications of this discussion is that the very question of whether physics describes "physical reality" might be fundamentally misguided.
Werner Heisenberg once argued that physics will never lead us to an understanding of an objective physical reality. Instead, what we develop are models that describe relationships between observable phenomena—without necessarily revealing the true nature of reality itself.
  • Perhaps physics should not aim to discover a reality independent of our models since every model is ultimately a mathematical structure shaped by human perception.
  • If the goal of physics is not to describe "absolute truth" but rather to create predictive models, should we then accept that we will never fully grasp "what actually exists"?
Finally: Between Computational Accuracy and Physical Reality
The final question in this discussion is: Are we still trapped in emergent effects that arise purely from our mathematical approaches rather than reflecting an objective physical reality?
  • Should physicists strive to distinguish between mathematical models and physical objectivity, or is such a distinction inherently meaningless?
  • Is the search for an independent physical reality a conceptual mistake, as Heisenberg and others have suggested?
Ultimately, this discussion seeks to examine whether physics is merely a computational framework for describing phenomena, or if we are still subconsciously searching for a physical reality that might forever remain out of reach.
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As the person to provide a reply to this very good observation & question, let me start out with universal truths.
Blue is a universal truth -- as long as we are all using the same color book.
When aliens arrive on planet Earth, and we ask them to declare the color of the clear sky in the daytime, then they will all pick blue from the color book we present them.
Yet the universe itself is not just blue.
So, the specific truth we found cannot declare the truth about the larger reality.
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Gödel pronounced this some 100 years ago already. How axioms are axioms only in their specific formal systems. At the overall level, they do not hold their value to the same level as inside their formal systems.
This has extremely important consequences for how we work in Physics.
As long as we work within our own specialisms, we are good.
Yet when we step out to the overall level of reality in its totality, the universe, then the specific truths cannot be used -- other than their contributing to the whole.
The spot to go stand at that overall level, however, is available.
  • Yet we need to be careful, hesitant, to say too much.
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Newton worked with the natural reality as he saw it. He made major strides and we are still leaning very much on all his good work (and others in his days and the following days).
Yet Einstein pulled us away from the natural reality, and many physicists do recognize how there are then two methodologies to follow: the Newtonian and the Einsteinian methodology. Most folks follow Einstein, but jump to Newtonian thinking when this is easiest to explain things.
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This is what happened, and it can be seen in the art world as well.
Around the turn of the 20th century physicists and artists started to work at an abstract level. Cubism, Picasso, Dali, I cannot name them all started to make art for art's sake.
Same in Physics. Instead of standing on top of the known facts and observations, physicists started to stand on theories.
And that is therefore not a natural representation of reality.
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The image I have used in the past contrasts religious thinking with scientific thinking and shows an important distinction.
  • The house of religion is perfect on the outside. Yet when asked about the foundation of the house, conflicts will arise and when asking the wrong crowd one may not even life to regret asking the question.
  • The house of science is wonderful as well, but the roof line shows imperfection. When asking about the foundation, though, physicists gladly show you how everything is put in place.
Since Newton, many have tried to put the best fitting roof on the house of science. No one succeeded because a roof built on the ground next to the house cannot be lifted off the ground. As soon as the construct is lifted, physicists come running to turn the crane's engine off because no scientific framework can leave the ground -- not even when the roof would have been a perfect fit.
In comes Einstein, and instead of constructing a roof on the ground next to the building, he talks about how the roof would be a perfect fit. He theorizes about the perfect roof.
Almost everyone ends up agreeing with Einstein that his roof is indeed a perfect fit.
So far so good.
Then, folks started building on Einstein's perfect roof.
  • His theories become the foundation of modern science.
And that is a faux pas.
Never, ever can a theory become the foundation of science.
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Here is the mathematical angle:
1 + 1 = 2, but... it does not mean anything.
1 apple + 1 apple = 2 apples is the example to show how mathematics is correct when applied to a real scenario.
But...
1 apple + 1 orange = 2 pieces of fruit
This shows us that the human mind must be kept under control, declaring exactly what it is that it is doing.
Yes, 1 piece of fruit + 1 piece of fruit = 2 pieces of fruit, yet we stepped away from the specific truths of apples and oranges.
The resulting answer of 2 pieces of fruit is correct, but 1 apple + 1 orange cannot be added together. The human brain turns the equation around to find the truth.
The human brain is here to help us see the truth, but we can end up seeing a falsehood instead.
We embrace blue as a universal truth but we end up saying incorrectly (incompletely) that the universe is colorful.
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These topics Luck conceptual and qualitatitave principles depth necessary for assesing full spectrum physics understanding thus narrowing the criteria and creating false evaluation
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Mr Nicholas Edward Schlotter,
The term "highly mathematized" does not imply the removal of mathematics from physics education. Instead, it addresses the potential consequences of prioritizing mathematical manipulation over conceptual understanding, especially in early learning stages.
While mathematical precision is crucial for predictions and theoretical development, it should not overshadow the importance of establishing a strong conceptual foundation.The notion that "science is incompatible with the use of words" is countered by the necessity of precise definitions in scientific discourse. Galileo emphasized the importance of defining terms like "position" to ensure clarity and avoid ambiguity.
Consider Newton's second law, F=maF=ma. While it can be interpreted as a definition of force, where force is defined as the product of mass and acceleration, this interpretation is not without its limitations. Oliver Massin argues that this definition does not apply to all forces in Newtonian Mechanics, particularly component forces. Component forces combine vectorially to produce resultant forces, indicating that mathematical formulations alone may not fully capture the complexities of force interactions.
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This should be conceptualized from the ability to alleviate conflict emergence and enhance productivity.
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Conflict Management: Conflicts are inevitable in any workplace, but when mishandled, they create resentment, mistrust, and dissatisfaction. This is especially true when you have a mix of different personalities and a management team that lacks the skill to manage people correctly. The ability to navigate these personalities and resolve disputes in a fair, effective manner is crucial for maintaining harmony and loyalty.
Workplace Culture: A company’s culture is the bedrock of employee loyalty. If the environment is toxic, overly hierarchical, or lacks transparency, employees feel undervalued and disconnected from the organization’s mission. Personality clashes and individual mannerisms significantly contribute to how this culture takes shape, influencing loyalty and overall satisfaction.
Poor Communication: When management fails to communicate properly—either by being unclear, one-sided, or distant—it leads to confusion, frustration, and a breakdown in trust. Employees are more inclined to remain loyal when communication is open, transparent, and constructive. Again, this is tied closely to the overall workplace culture, where effective communication serves as a key pillar in fostering long-term commitment and productivity.
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That's a very pragmatic but also as well theoretical (even philosophy one) question: what is the most fundamental didactics' object? What do we deal with when trying describe, interrogate or improve something in education? For last decads we have been using different conceptualization, including "educational technology", "learning moments", "piece of educational process", or just "educational situation", but there's a feeling, that all these conceptualization are not proper...
Last week i delivered some report at the Conference, devoted to teaching Pedagogy for non-Educators in the Higher Education, and focused at the "onthodidactics experience". May it be correct, or how it would be substituted? (the presentation of that report is available here:
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The fundamental concept would have to be understanding, both on the teacher's and the learner's part. The teacher would have to understand the material to be imparted, the goals to be accomplished and how to recognize success in that respect, the receptivity and ability of the student. The student would have to understand the intentions of the teacher, understand the material, what is required of him during the learning process and after. (This list is not exhaustive.) Reciprocal understanding should be involved in every aspect.
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Can you guide me on how we can relate multiple theories to a single concept in the conceptual framework?
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To relate multiple theories to a single concept in the conceptual framework, you can follow a structured approach that integrates various theoretical perspectives while maintaining clarity and coherence.
To get your target, you should:
· Identify the Central Concept
Define the Concept: Start by clearly defining the central concept you wish to explore. This will serve as the focal point for integrating different theories.
· Select Relevant Theories
Literature Review: Conduct a thorough literature review to identify theories that are relevant to your central concept. Look for theories that address different dimensions or aspects of the concept.
Theoretical Alignment: Ensure that the selected theories align with your research objectives and questions. Consider how each theory can contribute uniquely to understanding the central concept.
· Establish Relationships Between Theories and the Concept
Conceptual Mapping: Create a conceptual map or diagram that visually represents how each theory relates to the central concept. This can help clarify connections and overlaps between theories.
Integrative Framework: Develop an integrative framework that outlines how these theories interact with one another and contribute to a deeper understanding of the central concept. Highlight any synergies or conflicts between the theories.
· Articulate the Intersections
Synthesize Insights: Discuss how each theory provides insights into different facets of the central concept. For example, one theory may focus on social dynamics while another addresses economic factors.
Address Gaps: Identify any gaps in understanding that arise from using multiple theories and explain how addressing these gaps can enhance comprehension of the central concept.
· Methodological Considerations
Research Design: Consider how your chosen theories will influence your research design, including data collection and analysis methods. Ensure that your methodology is flexible enough to accommodate insights from multiple theoretical perspectives.
Reflexivity: Reflect on how your positionality as a researcher may influence your interpretation of these theories and their application to your research.
· Continuous Development
Iterative Process: Treat the integration of theories as an iterative process. Be open to revisiting and refining your conceptual framework as you gather data and gain new insights throughout your research.
· 7. Conclusion and Implications
Summarize Contributions: Conclude by summarizing how integrating multiple theories enriches the understanding of the central concept and contributes to existing literature.
Future Research Directions: Suggest potential areas for future research that could further explore the intersections of these theories.
By following this structured approach, you can effectively relate multiple theories to a single concept within your conceptual framework, creating a comprehensive understanding that enhances both theoretical and practical insights in your research.
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How do conceptual frameworks support qualitative research differently than theoretical frameworks?
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There is quite a bit of controversy over integrating theoretical frameworks into qualitative research. For example, most versions of Grounded Theory recommend deferring any theoretical commitments until after data collection and analysis, the reason being that you want the data, rather than prior conceptions, to drive your conclusions.
I personally think that is a very strong position, but in general, the more exploratory your research is, the less you should rely on prior conceptions.
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How to write a conceptual systematic review?
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Writing a conceptual systematic review involves a structured approach to identifying, extracting, and synthesizing argument-based literature. By following established guidelines and ensuring rigorous methodology, these reviews can provide valuable insights for decision-making in various fields. The key is to maintain transparency, quality, and adaptability throughout the review process.
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Construction of a framework requires researchers knowledge of theories,findings of the previous similar research studies, and related field experience,it requires skills of creativity in identifying and establishing the relationship between two or more study concepts.
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I think that first we can identify the existing theoretical models and conceptual frameworks by reading existing articles and books.
Then determine the specific research problem I want to solve, determine the goal, and raise hypothetical questions.
Next, we can try to develop a conceptual framework, build a structure, determine the core variables, describe the correlation between variables, and then present it through a table.
Next, according to the framework, choose quantitative, qualitative or mixed methods, design questionnaires, interviews and other tools to collect data. During this period, we must take into account the key points within the conceptual framework.
After obtaining the data, match the assumptions of the conceptual framework through analysis.
If there are any results that exceed expectations, adjustments need to be made.
Review the shortcomings until you are satisfied.
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My supervisor told me there was no need to have both, to include either one in my PhD thesis
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Can anyone provide the answer? Thank you
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Let me briefly introduce it below,details are sent to you as attachments:
First, their paper is about:
1. Denial DSM and statistical methods.
2. Use "process"Unified psychology
3. Propose new methods to replace the DSM and statistical methods, which are as follows:
First use the case to conceptualize the patient's psychological process, and then try to modify it.
4. Conceptualize the psychological process with cases.
5. Using a network flow chart for psychological processes
6. Modify the l psychological process.
The contents of my paper are follows:
1. Use "process" (or "program") to unify psychology to establish a general psychological theory.
2. Denial of mental statistics.(However, I have only denied a few words about psychological statistics, and they write very long.)
3. Mining the patients' psychological programs with psychological analysis.
4. Psychological programs are described in natural language and flow charts.
5. Provide ways to modify the psychological procedures.
Is it the same idea? It's just in different terms. They use the word "process", I use the "program", they use the "case conceptualization" method, I use the "psychological analysis", and they use the "network model", and I use the "program model". However, I will explain in the attached document that these are just different names, they are one thing.The word "program" in my paper is very close to "process". I didn't use the word "psychological process" at that time because it did not include "physiological process", and the word "psychological process" is not as accurate as "psychological program", so I chose this term. This is just a different name, there are many cases in my paper, I use psychological analysis to dig out a lot of psychological programs, from the perspective of these "psychological programs" itself, it is a psychological process.
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You could not say the word "plagiarism", please judge, these two papers propose the same theory? Note that "process" and "program" describe the same thing, and that "case conceptualization" and "psychological analysis" do the same thing.
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what are the parts of a conceptual framework in a thesis writing titled Lived experiences among teachers handling multigrade classes
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The conceptual framework is your synthesis of different concepts found in the relevant literature. Your conceptual framework depends on your research goal. In your case, the goal is to understand experiences of teachers in multi-grade glasses. The conceptual framework should include concepts about subjective experience (what is it, how can it be studied), multi-grade classes, other class types, and how class type relates to teacher experience. Your conceptual framework should also address concepts related to the context of your thesis, which is not explicit in the goal.
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Physics K-12 curricula are very biased against teaching modern theories based on the assumption of learning difficulty, complexity in visualization, conceptual demands and mere controvertiality of its results
However, there are equally discouraging reasons for keeping the focus on non-modern physics: mechanics is wrong, even if by approximation is good it is based on wrong conceptualizations and principles (i.e. Newton 2nd law is based on action at a distance assumptions, velocity def on absolute time -based analysis of motion etc).
What's more, there is no evidence that students don't or won't understand SR postulates and concepts. The argument they ignore is that for learning the motivation plays an important factor and if the material is high status, more revealing and more logical then students can learn.
Also, the focus on "building young scientists" |(Konstantinou, 2010) that is the stated or unstated assumption is physics k-12 curricula and assessments has gone to the extreme and to the detriments of education. If students are taught SR then the focus is on basic and selected undertanding than integral one, encyclopedian level insights and assesment- this can work.
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In the Germany county of Northrine-Westphalia (Cologne, Aachen, Bonn etc.) SR was part of the A-levels curriculum until very recently. Over a course of two years, teacher could assess students by written exams and oral participation during lessons. There was also an A-level like final exam that contributed heavily to a students final marks. Typical problems treated was decay of myons in the atmosphere, interstellar travel, the twin paradox, relativistic mass in synchrotons etc.
I am a private tuition teacher with a focus on physics and maths. Over the years, I have taught SR to about 20 students (aged about 15 to 20) of very different intellectual abilities. I enjoy the privilege of face-to-face lessons with only one student in the class, or of teaching very small groups of gifted (IQ > 125) and highly motivated students. Here is my experience.
a) Student Motivation
About 90 % of our students were mainly motivated by passing tests and exams. Learning to the test, as the phrase goes, was most popular. As the German equivalent of A-level exams of the past few years are always online and accessible to high school student and because there was a great continuity in the types of questions asked, rote learning without too much need for deeper understanding worked astonishingly well for students with an average intuition of "exam logics". This I found quite frustrating. Many students achieved very good marks by rote learning. However, I sometimes witnessed strong motivation that often went hand in hand with a physics teachers who inspired pupils by their own enthusiasm. One indication of such teachers was that they frequently organised field excursion to physics labs and companies across Germany. A very strong ingredient for motivation seems to be the teachers personality.
b) SR in contrast to Classical physics
More serious irritation caused by SR offences to commons sense was surprisingly rare: I hardly ever had the impression that the ontological monstrosities implied by SR were really understood by students. By contrast, I found it hard to show them how SR conflicted with some assumptions of classical physics. Hardly ever did I notice any emotional stirrings indicative of some indignation at the violation of accepted commons sense. There was really no need to reconcile classical concepts with SR as they were strictly compartmentalized in the students minds and hardly ever addressed by examination questions.
c) Deep Learning
About 10 % of students were intrinsically motivated to understand deeper principles. With these, I found that following the historic path to relativity was a rewarding option. I started with the ether theory, as widely held in the 19th century. I took about two to three lessons to fully understand how Michelson and Morley wanted to measure the speed of the earth relative to the ether. Only when this classical notion was understood up to a quantitative treatment (predicting wavelengths, frequencies, times, speeds and expected interference effects) did I go on to the results, particularly the the constancy of the speed of light.
Once the absurdity of the constancy of the speed of light was fully grasped, I went on to Einstein, using a small booklet he had written for students of the age group in question here back in the year 1916 (Albert Einstein: Über die spezielle und allgemeine Relativitätstheorie, 1916). Einsteins starts from first principles everyone can understand. He very clearly and simple explains the idea of a transformation of events in space-time from one frame of reference to another one. This is usually not treated in schools in Germany. Instead, ready-cooked formulae for the dilation of time and the contraction of space are all to quickly introduced in schools. Einsteins approach is far more simple in the sense of Lego-like building blocks for later theory-building. It's a more deductive, whereas school teachers tend to follow more the inductive way.
Also, I found it very helpful to get students to write long essays on those topics. I asked them to give pros and cons to different views. Were adequate, the reason should include a quantitative treatment of the phenomena. Writing essays helps build a more comprehensive understanding.
d) Takeaway
- With about 90 % of high school students of physics sticking to "learning to the test" works fine. It's what they want and many are good at it.
- About 10 % of students seek a deeper understanding. My selective approach there is a focus on two ideas: a) the classical ether and it improbability and b) Einsteins own "tutorial" from 1916 explaining how to use the Lorentz-Transformation for single events.
- For homework, use original papers and books written by the historic pioneers. They tend to be very readable.
- Let students write essays (anything from 200 words to 1000 words)
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In human psychology, time is a conscious experience—a construct reflecting the sequence of existence and events. In cosmology and physical sciences, time is often defined as the indefinite, continuous progression of existence and events in a uniform and irreversible succession, extending from the past, through the present, and into the future. This progression is conceptualized as a fourth dimension that exists above the three spatial dimensions.
Time is fundamentally a measurement to quantify changes in material reality. The SI unit of time, the second, is defined by measuring the electronic transition frequency of caesium atoms. Time is also recognized as one of the seven fundamental physical quantities in both the International System of Units (SI) and the International System of Quantities.
In physics, time is commonly defined by its measurement—essentially, "what a clock reads."
This description suggests that time, in its conventional understanding across various scientific disciplines and human experience, is an abstract concept, not a real, tangible entity. While time provides a framework for understanding the succession of events, it does not have a direct physical existence as space does in three dimensions. Time is often viewed as a hyper-dimensional abstraction—imperceptible and unreachable beyond the three-dimensional spatial realm.
However, relativity challenges this interpretation by treating time as a real entity—integrated with space to form a four-dimensional space-time continuum where time becomes subject to physical modifications, such as time dilation. This relativistic concept implies that time is not only concrete but also malleable under the influence of velocity and gravity, leading to discrepancies with other scientific interpretations that consider time an abstract or imaginary concept.
One of the main contentions is that time dilation, a cornerstone of relativity, effectively violates the standardization of time by presenting it as something dilatable, thereby questioning the uniformity and constancy of time itself. The traditional time scale based on a 360-degree cycle—representing a consistent progression—is disrupted by the relativistic notion of time dilation, which converts abstract time into something perceived as "real" or "natural." This treatment of time also seems to ignore the conscious human experience, which understands time as a subjective, psychological construct.
Furthermore, if time is not directly reachable—being an abstract hyper-dimensional concept—what then is the "time" that a clock measures? Clocks are designed to provide a standardized approximation of cosmic time through calibrated frequency counts, such as the electronic transitions of caesium atoms. However, the physical manifestation of time in clocks is inherently subject to distortions, primarily due to gravitational effects. Gravity affects mass and energy, altering the oscillation rates of clocks and resulting in time distortions. Consequently, even the most accurate atomic clocks require periodic adjustments to compensate for these external influences.
The discrepancy between the "real time" measured by clocks and the "conceptual time" of cosmic progression raises further questions about the nature of time. Clocks, intended to represent a uniform progression of time, must contend with gravitational influences that disrupt this uniformity, necessitating ongoing corrections. This challenges the idea that time is a tangible, concrete entity and supports the view that it remains fundamentally an abstract concept—a conceptual framework through which we interpret the order of existence and events.
In short, while relativistic physics proposes that time is a real entity susceptible to physical modifications like time dilation, this interpretation remains contentious when viewed through the lens of broader scientific understanding. Time appears more consistent with an abstract or imaginary concept, a near-approximate representation that is susceptible to external influences, yet ultimately remains beyond the realm of tangible existence.
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Time and mass!
What is mass?
what is time?
Does mass have meaning without the passage of time?
Does any mass fall in a gravitational field without passing time?
Does a magnetic field exist without the passage of time?
exactly...
Time and mass dilation indicate the direct relationship between time and material nature...
If the dimensions of the world are more than three, geodesics are created for movement.
Movement in the dimensions of time...
Time is a geometric potential difference.
And the density is the main reason for the geometry potential difference.
That is, heavier objects move more slowly in time dimensions.
And movement in space reduces movement in the time dimension (time dilation).
Density in the present
Negative density in the past tense
Negative density in the future
This explains the one-way arrow of time.
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Relativistic space-time is described as a four-dimensional continuum comprising three dimensions of space and one dimension of time. In this framework, space and time are interwoven, forming an integrated space-time fabric. As time dilates due to relativistic effects, does this interconnected nature imply a dilation of space-time as a whole?
For context:
Cosmic Expansion: Describes how the distance between cosmic objects increases over time, which can be represented as:
t₀ < (t₀+Δt) = t₁ → (x₀,y₀,z₀,t₀) < (x₁,y₁,z₁,t₁)
Where (t₁ - t₀) = elapsed time.
Space-Time Dilation: Reflects how time dilation in relativistic contexts affects space-time coordinates:
t < t′ → (x,y,z,t) < (x′,y′,z′,t′)
Where t′ is dilated time
Given these representations, can the concept of space-time dilation be viewed as a form of space-time expansion in terms of their consequences?
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Stam Nicolis - I like to further reinforce your answer, which is spot on;
The concepts of space-time dilation and space-time expansion, while related to the fabric of space-time, are distinct and describe different phenomena.
Space-Time Dilation
Space-time dilation is a relativistic effect observed when there is a significant difference in velocity between two observers or when one observer is in a strong gravitational field. According to Einstein's theory of relativity, time dilates (slows down) for an observer moving at a significant fraction of the speed of light relative to another observer or in a strong gravitational field compared to a weaker one. This time dilation directly affects the time coordinate in space-time, leading to a change in the perception of time between different observers. However, it doesn't imply a stretching or expansion of the spatial dimensions themselves; it's more about how time is experienced differently depending on the observer's state of motion or gravitational influence.
Space-Time Expansion
The concepts of space-time dilation and space-time expansion, while related to the fabric of space-time, are distinct and describe different phenomena.
Space-Time Dilation
Space-time dilation is a relativistic effect observed when there is a significant difference in velocity between two observers or when one observer is in a strong gravitational field. According to Einstein's theory of relativity, time dilates (slows down) for an observer moving at a significant fraction of the speed of light relative to another observer or in a strong gravitational field compared to a weaker one. This time dilation directly affects the time coordinate in space-time, leading to a change in the perception of time between different observers. However, it doesn't imply a stretching or expansion of the spatial dimensions themselves; it's more about how time is experienced differently depending on the observer's state of motion or gravitational influence.
Space-Time Expansion
Space-time expansion, on the other hand, is a concept rooted in cosmology and is generally associated with the large-scale structure of the universe. It refers to the increase in the distance between two points in the universe over time due to the expansion of space itself, as described by the metric expansion of space in cosmology. This is what we observe as the universe expanding since the Big Bang. The spatial coordinates (x, y, z) are literally stretching, and this expansion is uniform on large scales.
The Key Differences
Scope and Scale
Space-time dilation is a localized effect that occurs due to relative motion or gravitational fields, whereas space-time expansion is a global phenomenon observed across the entire universe.
Nature of Effect
Space-time dilation affects the time coordinate relative to spatial coordinates, without stretching space. Space-time expansion, however, directly involves the stretching of the spatial dimensions, with time acting as the parameter that drives this expansion.
Relation to Observers
Time dilation depends on the relative state of motion or gravitational potential between observers. Space-time expansion occurs universally and is the same for all observers (on large scales).
Conceptual Equivalence
While both involve the fabric of space-time, space-time dilation and space-time expansion are not conceptually equivalent. Space-time dilation is about differences in the experience of time, while space-time expansion is about the growth of distances between points in space over time. They are different manifestations of the nature of space-time as described by General Relativity but arise from different causes and have different implications.
So, while space-time dilation impacts the experience of time in a specific reference frame, space-time expansion refers to the overall growth of the universe's spatial dimensions. Therefore, space-time dilation cannot be viewed as a form of space-time expansion in terms of their consequences; they describe different aspects of the universe's structure and dynamics.Space-time expansion, on the other hand, is a concept rooted in cosmology and is generally associated with the large-scale structure of the universe. It refers to the increase in the distance between two points in the universe over time due to the expansion of space itself, as described by the metric expansion of space in cosmology. This is what we observe as the universe expanding since the Big Bang. The spatial coordinates (x, y, z) are literally stretching, and this expansion is uniform on large scales.
Key Differences
Scope and Scale
Space-time dilation is a localized effect that occurs due to relative motion or gravitational fields, whereas space-time expansion is a global phenomenon observed across the entire universe.
Space-time dilation
This affects the time coordinate relative to spatial coordinates, without stretching space. Space-time expansion, however, directly involves the stretching of the spatial dimensions, with time acting as the parameter that drives this expansion.
Time dilation depends on the relative state of motion or gravitational potential between observers. Space-time expansion occurs universally and is the same for all observers (on large scales).
Further to that we have the following the issue of Conceptual Equivalence.
While both involve the fabric of space-time, space-time dilation and space-time expansion are not conceptually equivalent. Space-time dilation is about differences in the experience of time, while space-time expansion is about the growth of distances between points in space over time. They are different manifestations of the nature of space-time as described by General Relativity but arise from different causes and have different implications.
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Compare and Contrast Body-Part Metaphors in English and Other Languages
Linguistic or conceptual body-part metaphors relate not only to Heads, Shoulders, Knees, and Toes, but also to Eyes, Ears, Mouth and Nose and other human body parts.
Here are a few English metaphors related to “head”: head of lettuce, head of a company, head over heels in love, head Start, headers & footers, and headlights.
Check out the attached PowerPoint about Body Part Metaphors, and then discuss body-part metaphors in English and other languages.
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Virginia: Excellent. I'll send you some more examples.
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English Animal Metaphors
Linguistic or conceptual animal metaphors in English and other languages fall into three categories:
1. Domestic (Cats, Chickens, Cows, Dogs, Donkeys, Goats, Horses, Mice, Rats, Sheep, etc.),
2. Fish & Water Animals (Crabs, Clams, Fish, Oysters, etc.),
3. Wild Animals (Bears, Buffalo, Foxes, Lions, Monkeys, Shrews, Tigers, etc.).
Compare and contrast the Animal Metaphors that occur in English with Animal Metaphors in other languages.
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Vietnamese: nó cáo già lắm. ('he/ she is an old fox'). This sentence could be explained by the fact that the person mentioned is cunning and has tricks up their sleeve.
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English Animal Metaphors
Linguistic or conceptual animal metaphors in English and other languages fall into three categories:
1. Domestic (Cats, Chickens, Cows, Dogs, Donkeys, Goats, Horses, Mice, Rats, Sheep, etc.),
2. Fish & Water Animals (Crabs, Clams, Fish, Oysters, etc.),
3. Wild Animals (Bears, Buffalo, Foxes, Lions, Monkeys, Shrews, Tigers, etc.).
Compare and contrast the Animal Metaphors that occur in English with Animal Metaphors in other languages.
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Brian: Good point. I'll make the additions. Thanks for your help.
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I am an undergraduate student with a strong interest in collaborating on research projects across various fields such as psychology, sociology, social work, social media research, and social pathology.
I am particularly interested in contributing to projects that involve:
  • Psychological studies and mental health research
  • Sociological analyses and societal trends
  • Social work practices and interventions
  • Social media impacts and digital behavior
  • Research on social pathology and related phenomena
Despite being at the undergraduate level, I can contribute to literature review, editing, and manuscript writing.
If you have ongoing or upcoming research projects, I would be thrilled to discuss potential opportunities. I am willing to learn and contribute at various stages of the research process, from conceptualization to publication.
Best Regards,
Michal.
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Hi Michal,
I am inviting you and all other academics who are interested in expanding their academic networks and connecting with other academics from all over the world to join the Researcher Collab app. You can download the app for free from the App Store or Google Play. It has just been launched, so I would be glad if you became a part of our community and supported us. I wish you all the success in your academic life.
Best Regards,
Dr. Morcote Santos
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Validating a psychological therapy involves a process similar to validating assessment tools, but with some differences given the dynamic nature of therapy. Here's a general outline of the steps involved:
  1. Theory and Rationale: Clearly define the theoretical framework underlying the therapy and articulate the rationale for how it is expected to work. This step involves synthesizing existing research and theory to establish the conceptual basis for the therapy.
  2. Manual Development: Develop a treatment manual that outlines the procedures, techniques, and protocols of the therapy. The manual should provide detailed instructions for therapists on how to deliver the intervention consistently.
  3. Pilot Testing: Conduct pilot testing of the therapy with a small sample of participants to assess its feasibility, acceptability, and initial efficacy. This step helps identify any logistical or practical issues with delivering the therapy and informs adjustments to the manual or procedures.
  4. Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs): Conduct well-designed RCTs to evaluate the efficacy of the therapy compared to control conditions (e.g., waitlist, placebo, alternative therapy). Randomization helps ensure that any observed effects are due to the therapy itself rather than other factors.
  5. Outcome Measures: Select appropriate outcome measures to assess the effects of the therapy on relevant variables (e.g., symptoms, functioning, quality of life). These measures should have established reliability and validity and be sensitive to changes expected from the therapy.
  6. Assessment Points: Determine the timing of assessments to capture changes in outcomes over the course of therapy and follow-up periods. Multiple assessment points allow for the examination of both short-term and long-term effects.
  7. Statistical Analysis: Analyze the data using appropriate statistical methods to compare outcomes between the therapy and control groups. This may involve techniques such as analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), mixed-effects modeling, or survival analysis, depending on the study design and outcome variables.
  8. Clinical Significance: Assess the clinical significance of treatment effects by considering not only statistical significance but also the magnitude of change and its practical relevance for patients' lives.
  9. Mediation and Moderation Analysis: Explore potential mechanisms of change (mediators) and factors that influence treatment outcomes (moderators) through mediation and moderation analyses. Understanding these processes can inform refinements to the therapy and help personalize treatment approaches.
  10. Replication and Extension: Replicate findings in independent samples and settings to establish the generalizability of the therapy's effects. Additionally, conduct studies to examine the effectiveness of the therapy when delivered in real-world clinical settings and by community providers.
  11. Meta-Analysis: Synthesize findings from multiple studies using meta-analysis to provide a comprehensive overview of the therapy's efficacy across diverse populations and contexts.
  12. Dissemination and Implementation: Disseminate the findings through publication in peer-reviewed journals, presentations at conferences, and outreach to clinicians and policymakers. Provide training and support for clinicians interested in implementing the therapy in their practice.
By following these steps, researchers can rigorously evaluate the efficacy of psychological therapies and contribute to the evidence base supporting their use in clinical practice.
To give reference
Singha, R. (2024).How to validate a psychological therapy? Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/post/How_to_validate_a_psychological_therapy
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Thanks, this is a clear and very well laid out set of steps.
I do feel that for non-pharmaceutical studies that removing or minimising the placebo effect may be a disservice to the methodology that is studied.
I believe that the placebo and nocebo effects are integral to understanding treatment outcomes. Some treatments derive their efficacy from enhancing the placebo effect, which is a well-documented and beneficial phenomenon. Conversely, the nocebo effect can exacerbate perceptions of danger and elicit exaggerated responses to perceived threats. The challenge lies in isolating and accurately recording these cognitive influences.
There is a crucial intersection between science and innovation where research should focus on understanding why certain treatments yield positive results, rather than solely aiming to disprove hypotheses through traditional falsifiability methods. Both approaches—proving a treatment's efficacy and attempting to disprove it—can introduce bias.
In my own research, I have found that excluding placebo and nocebo effects might be counterproductive. Instead, we should explore ways to harness and enhance these natural healing phenomena to alleviate chronic pain. Investigating the mechanisms behind treatment efficacy can accelerate the development of effective cures more efficiently than traditional hypothesis testing.
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Developing a new psychological therapy involves a systematic process that integrates theory, empirical research, clinical expertise, and client feedback. Here's a general outline of the steps involved:
  1. Identify a Target Population and Problem: Define the target population for the therapy (e.g., individuals with depression, trauma survivors) and specify the problem or symptoms the therapy aims to address.
  2. Review Existing Literature: Conduct a thorough review of existing literature on the target population and problem. This includes research on etiology, risk factors, maintenance factors, treatment approaches, and outcomes.
  3. Conceptualize the Therapy: Develop a theoretical framework that guides the conceptualization of the therapy. This involves integrating relevant theories and empirical findings to inform the formulation of treatment principles and strategies.
  4. Generate Intervention Techniques: Based on the theoretical framework, generate a pool of intervention techniques and strategies that are hypothesized to target the identified mechanisms underlying the problem. These techniques can be drawn from existing therapies or adapted to fit the conceptual model.
  5. Create a Treatment Manual: Develop a detailed treatment manual that outlines the structure, procedures, and content of the therapy. The manual should provide guidelines for therapists on how to deliver the intervention consistently and effectively.
  6. Pilot Testing: Conduct pilot testing of the therapy with a small sample of clients to assess its feasibility, acceptability, and initial efficacy. Solicit feedback from clients and therapists to identify areas for improvement and refinement.
  7. Refine the Therapy: Based on the feedback from pilot testing, revise and refine the therapy manual, intervention techniques, and procedures as needed. This may involve modifying existing techniques, adding new components, or clarifying instructions.
  8. Conduct Preliminary Studies: Conduct preliminary studies to evaluate the efficacy of the therapy in controlled settings. This may include single-case experimental designs, feasibility studies, or small-scale randomized controlled trials.
  9. Assess Treatment Integrity: Monitor treatment integrity to ensure that therapists adhere to the treatment manual and deliver the intervention as intended. This may involve training and supervision procedures to maintain fidelity to the therapy protocol.
  10. Evaluate Efficacy and Effectiveness: Conduct larger-scale randomized controlled trials to evaluate the efficacy and effectiveness of the therapy compared to control conditions or existing treatments. Use standardized outcome measures to assess changes in relevant variables.
  11. Analyze Data and Interpret Findings: Analyze the data using appropriate statistical methods and interpret the findings in relation to the therapy's theoretical framework and clinical implications. Consider both statistical significance and clinical significance of treatment effects.
  12. Refine and Disseminate: Based on the results of efficacy and effectiveness studies, refine the therapy further and disseminate the findings through publication in peer-reviewed journals, presentations at conferences, and training workshops for clinicians.
  13. Monitor Long-Term Outcomes: Follow up with clients to assess long-term outcomes and maintenance of treatment gains. This helps determine the sustainability of treatment effects over time.
By following these steps, researchers and clinicians can develop new psychological therapies that are theoretically grounded, empirically supported, and clinically relevant for addressing the needs of diverse populations.
To give references
Singha, R. (2024).How to Develop a new Psychological Therapy? Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/post/How_to_Develop_a_new_Psychological_Therapy
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I am working on my dissertation on Analysis of rural transformation in Ethiopia: Extent, effect and challenges. I want to review theoretical and conceptual framework that can guide my study.
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Hello Mr Tesfaye Belachew Bardilo.
Please find somme informations in hour paper below.
If you need aditionals informations, please conact me by e-mail.
Matthieu Kanyama Kongolo, Ammar HIDOURI, Rahmani Rami, Samir AYDI, Nejib Ben Jamaa, Amsini SADIKI. ’’Comparison of drying process of plantain bananas under natural sunny and confined oven environments: Experiments and Assessment of Mathematical Models”, Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utlization, and Environmental effect, Vol. 46, n°1, 315 -355. 27 juillet 2023. https://doi.org/10.1080/15567036.2023.2283142.
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Machine Learning (ML)
When data are brought together for a given model, whether, Machine Learning (ML) will be able to figure out the areas, where field measurements are required?
Whether ML could accommodate the application of physical laws to field data, which would possibly reveal additional information about 'unmeasured' or 'difficult to measure' field properties?
Whether ML could offer insight to the system being modelled?
At least, ML could act as a Parsimonious model for any given physical system, which are based on the simplest conceptual mechanisms and employ fewest parameters, while also providing an acceptable representation of a given physical system by providing the basic insights to the system functioning and critical processes?
Whether the forecasts from ML could test hypotheses about system responses and allow quantitative comparisons of alternative proposed scenarios?
How exactly ML is expected to improve the model performance, given the fact that the complexity of petroleum reservoir systems and the uneven spread, poor quality or even absence of observed data present considerable difficulties for oil/gas drainage modelling?
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Луценко, Е. В. Революция начала XXI века в искусственном интеллекте: глубинные механизмы и перспективы / Е. В. Луценко, Н. С. Головин. – Краснодар : Кубанский государственный аграрный университет им. И.Т. Трубилина, 2024. – 394 с. – DOI 10.13140/RG.2.2.17056.56321. – EDN OMIPIL. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/378138050
Луценко, Е. В. Системы / Е. В. Луценко, Н. С. Головин. – Краснодар : Виртуальный Центр системно-когнитивных исследований "Эйдос" , 2024. – 518 с. – DOI 10.13140/RG.2.2.22863.09123.– EDN: INUTJL. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/379654902
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What is the difference between conceptual framework and working model while writing the dissertation?
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They seem the same thing. But sometimes, it's good to just let the thesis develop before your eyes hehe :)
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GR and SR are very good theories in the sense that all the assumptions behind them are states clearly, ipenly and elaboratively.
Is this a feature of honesty of the author or cleanless of the theory?
Simularly in Newtons. Whats more, he states some subtle assumptions he makes i.e gravitational propagation in Vacuum and admits limitations of his theory.
This is not seen at such a effective way in the rest of theories in physics. Does it imply a lack of honesty of the author or lack of conceptual cleanless of the theory?
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It's not quite true that relativity and Newtonian theories are the only ones with a full set of assumptions. Many well-established physics theories have underlying assumptions, but they might not be as explicitly laid out as in these foundational theories.
Here's a breakdown:
  • Relativity and Newtonian Theories: These are indeed very foundational, and their assumptions are crucial because they establish the framework for how we understand motion and gravity. Making these assumptions clear helps ensure consistency and avoids contradictions.
  • Other Physics Theories: Most physics theories build on these foundational ideas. They might add their own specific assumptions relevant to the particular phenomena they describe. For instance, the theory of electromagnetism assumes the existence and properties of electric charge.
Lack of Conceptual Cleanliness?
No, the existence of assumptions doesn't necessarily imply a lack of conceptual cleanliness. It's more about setting the ground rules. Strong theories have clear assumptions because they:
  • Improve Understanding: Explicit assumptions make the theory's limitations and domain of applicability transparent.
  • Facilitate Testing: By knowing the assumptions, we can design experiments to test the theory's predictions within those boundaries.
  • Encourage Refinement: As scientific understanding evolves, foundational assumptions can be refined or replaced by more comprehensive ideas (like relativity superseding Newtonian gravity).
In conclusion, having a well-defined set of assumptions is a sign of a strong and well-understood theory. It allows for clear predictions, testing, and potential future advancements.
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To conduct a bibliometric analysis for a review paper in economic or social science, it is crucial to select the appropriate structure to address the research question. Among the available options, determining the more accurate research framework or conceptual framework is essential for achieving the desired results.
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Baharuddin Baharuddin Thank you for sharing such valuable information with me. I truly appreciate your help and insights. Your knowledge has been immensely valuable to me. Thank you once again!
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In an interventional study, is there a criterion for choosing a secondary outcome or a second dependent variable?
Should these two variables in the study of medical sciences and especially nursing be conceptually related or not?
For example,
examining the effect of family-oriented empowerment on self-management and quality of life of cancer patients?
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  1. Relevance: Secondary outcomes should align with the study’s objectives.
  2. Validity and Reliability: They should accurately and consistently measure what they’re intended to.
  3. Confirmatory or Exploratory: They can confirm primary outcomes, explore different aspects, or include adverse effects.
  4. Conceptual Relation: Primary and secondary outcomes should be related but not redundant.
  5. Clinical Significance: Outcomes should be patient-centered and inform clinical practice.
  6. Defined in Protocol: To avoid bias, outcomes should be predefined in the study protocol.
Remember, interpretation should consider multiple outcomes and potential for error.
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I am working in the area of digital finance, and i want to develop a scale, but there is no pre existing scale for the concerned variable. All the existing measures are taken from national surveys items. Moreover, there are varied conceptualizations of the concept. I have developed my own conceptual definition using two theoretical models. Now, i am developing my initial pool of items but i facing problems as the concept has not been studied in the digital context. Please suggest some way forward, and any reference. Also, i want to know is it valid if i am developing a scale using theoretical background, and on the basis of those theories i am adding dimensions into my proposed scale. Because usually papers on scale development does not mention any theory. Please guide me.
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You can generate new scale through inductive and deductive approach.
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I have been advocating for a definition of violence that encompasses four dimensions: (1) it is an expression of desires or decisions; (2) it promotes asymmetry; (3) it is a disregard for norms; and (4) it is conducive to potential harm. This conceptualization unveils the intent behind violent acts, highlighting an imbalanced power dynamic where aggressors breach established boundaries to enforce their will, resulting in any kind of damage.
Our endeavor aims to transcend fragmented approaches that categorize violence by types or manifestations, thereby illuminating its complexity and encouraging a critical dialogue on accountability and preventative measures against its various forms. This perspective underscores the necessity of comprehending the motivations and consequences of such actions.
Details can be found in the study below, pages 8 and 9.
What are your thoughts on this approach?
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That's one of the reasons I love researchgate: smart, collaborative people are here. Thank you very much Ava Maria Ochoa for your helpfull comment. I will find time to read the 191 pages of the interesting text that you recommend.
1969.... there are always more things we don't know.... But the joy of discovery is indescribable when someone else gives us a tip for something like that, despite being old, is new in certain context.
What I'm looking for is to find significant dimensions to develop a methodology to map, develop and prioritize measures to combat violence in schools. A practical application. For now, there are five, avoiding the traditional approach through types of violence.
I detail some aspects in this new study: Beyond Yes or No: Theoretical challenges on negotiation, decision, communication, and interpretation of sexual consent
Thank you again and you are very welcome to make other comments.
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I am writing my research using the GT of Strauss and Corbin. However, typical research templates always have this Conceptual or Theoretical Frameworks.
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Grounded theory rather discovers new theories based on real data. As you May Anne Logo Batain mentioned, other research tries to prove or refute theories hence the need for a conceptual framework or theory in the research. Grounded theory is an inductive research method for discovering new theories without any hypothesis about the outcome. It does not concerned itself with validation or description. The data the researcher collects rather guide analysis and theory creation.
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We hear a lot about the comparability between biological "algorithms" and digital algorithms. But: what are the distinctions between biological "algorithms" and digital algorithms? Are there also causal distinctions between them, or merely conceptual?
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Dear colleagues,
Has economics reached a consensus on what a market is? Notwithstanding its theoretical relevance, is the market not conceptually underdeveloped? Aren't economists often conflating half-backed logical conceptions of the market with historical instances of markets?
What philosophical device could we use to study the market as a conceptual entity? A colleague and I are proposing using Wittgenstein's notion of a logical space reinterpreted in light of Max Weber's ideal types and Schumpeter's reflections on the relationship between historical, and logical priority to shed light on how economists conceptualize the market and the role played by models.
Does anyone know of any such development?
Furthermore, we would like to apply this framework to General Equilibrium and Cattalaxy and investigate how sound our intuitions are, if at all. Please let us know if this sounds interesting and share any insight you may have about the relevance of such an endeavour.
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This is a good start on Schutz's Theory of Relevance https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF02331825
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I intend to conduct a thematic synthesis (systematic review) on foster carer experiences when engaging in attachment-informed interventions. I am currently developing my inclusion/exclusion criteria. Initially, I was going to exclude kinship/relative carers from the search as I wanted the group to be as homogenous as possible, and I felt that the two groups would present with different experiences.
However, a lot of the empirical research papers I am looking at combine both kinship and foster carers; they treat kinship carers as a subset of foster carers. The findings or results section often do not report whether it is a kinship or foster carer reporting their experience.
Is it sensical to remove my criteria of omitting kinship carers?
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A chara, You said "the group to be as homogenous as possible". Pluralitas non est ponenda sine necessitas.
Slán,
Is mise
Dr Thanos Didaskalou
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Background, Historical, Theoretical, conceptual and contextual perspectives
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Rukia Nakintu I recommend to use the Mixed-Methods research methodology to conduct this research study. Great research topic!
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Recently, I read an article that conceptualize entrepreneurial commitment as third-order factor based on theory of organizational commitment (Tasnim & Singh, 2016). The conceptualization turns out to be more complex in comparison to the original theory of commitment. For theory building, is the complexity a strength or weakness?
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Building and analyzing third-order factors or constructs in research demands meticulous anticipation. First, establish a robust conceptual framework, ensuring clarity and alignment with research objectives. Prioritize data quality, as the intricacy of higher-order constructs amplifies the impact of measurement errors. Methodologically, employ advanced statistical techniques like structural equation modeling to capture complex relationships. Exercise caution in interpreting results, recognizing the potential for increased complexity and model intricacy. Additionally, anticipate challenges related to data interpretation and communicate findings transparently. Rigorous planning, methodological rigor, and a keen awareness of potential pitfalls are crucial for successfully navigating the complexities of third-order factor/concept analysis.
I hope this helps.
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Physics Masters exams or "candidacy exams" in some universities, are exclusively numerical problems-based with some explanation sub-Qs at the end. Usuallyn there are 2 or 4 Qs.
Because these are elaborate and may require more than 1 page of mathematical elabiration, it is considered a good and defficient assesment method - nobody considers new style.
But adding a 25% first Q of 4 parts of though conceptual Qs is not a bad idea and usually checks other skills such as
**understanding of issues
** flawed assumptions
**open problems
**
Crucial in scientists development that numerical. Probs can' t discern if a student's mind is able too.
I attach such Qs from Taha Sochi to illustrate my point better.
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The Qs attached would fit to the Electromagnetics master level Test.
Schollars sabotage those because they are linked to social science style assesment. It is a distortion, in my view
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Dear Scholar, I'm looking for latest research work with 6 or more variables in conceptual framework. If you have any research papers in mind. Please share the link in the comment below.
Thank you all
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Any paper that has simulation modelling in it will meet that criteria :)
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THE EPISTEMOLOGY PRESUPPOSED BY PHYSICS AND OTHER SCIENCES
Raphael Neelamkavil, Ph.D., Dr. phil.
((This is the second part of the series in THE LOGIC, EPISTEMOLOGY, AND ONTOLOGY OF PHYSICS AND OTHER SCIENCES.))
1. The Logic of Physics (See the previous discussion's lead-text)
2. The Epistemology behind Physics
The whole of logic, epistemology, ontology, etc. are not the exclusive property of physics, or of any other particular science, or of all the sciences together. Each of them may apply the various general logical, epistemological, and ontological principles in ways suitable to their disciplines, but cannot claim that theirs is the genuine or the possibly best logic, epistemology, ontology, etc.
There is yet another manner, beyond the sciences, wherein (1) the object range and viewpoint range become the broadest possible in epistemology, and (2) the epistemological manner in which the two are connected becomes satisfactory enough to explain both the aspects and the procedures involved between them. This is a philosophical version of epistemology. Even this manner is not complete without including the various logics, epistemologies, and ontologies of the particular sciences.
Before pointing out the special manner in which physics could use the more general aspects of epistemology in itself, let me mention a general trend in science, especially physics. I have seen many students of physics and mathematics mistaking the logical ways in which they do experiments and theories as the same as the conceptual foundations of physics and mathematics.
They do not even think of the epistemology of physics. The clear reason for this is that their epistemology is a crude correspondence theory of truth, and this is outdated. Take any of the best physicists, and we can see in their works the underlying undefined epistemology being closer to the correspondence theory of truth than anything else. I would like to suggest in the following a clear spine of epistemological rudiments for physics.
The pragmatism and scientism at the foundations of practical physics does not accept anything other than the correspondence theory as prescriptive of all the truths of science. Of course, the amount of finality achieved in truths will be the measure of tenability of their truth-probability. But this is to be reserved to the most general truths derivable from any science or philosophy. Low-level truths are much beyond the purview of correspondence between the objectual and the theoretical. Unaware of these facts, most physicists take the difference lightly.
It is a pity that the students of the sciences and also philosophy students with scientistic orientations even think of their ways of permitting truth correspondence to all their truths as the sole possession of scientists, which they suppose are being usurped from philosophy in the course of the past centuries in such a way that philosophy will have ever less reason to exist, or no more reason to exist. Imaginably, in this pride they are encouraged by their presumption of possession of the scientific temper in an exceptional manner.
More evidently, there were and there are physicists holding that their use of logic, epistemology, ontology, etc. is final and that all other details being done by other sciences, especially by philosophy, are a mere waste of time. If you want me to give an example, I suggest that you watch some of the YouTube interviews with Stephen Hawking, where he declares philosophy as a waste of time, or as an unscientific affair. The same sort of claim is to be seen being made by many mathematicians: that logic is a by-product of mathematics, and that philosophers are falsely proud of having logic as their methodology.
The reason why the whole of logic does not belong to the sciences is that the viewpoint from which sensation, thought, and feeling may be exercised in the broadest possible manner is not exhausted even by totaling all the object ranges of all the sciences. Each of them does logic in a manner limited by its object range. How then can their logic be the best possible? There is one and only one general science of which the viewpoint is the broadest. It is that science in which the viewpoint is that of the direct implications of the To Be of Reality-in-total.
Against this backdrop, although the following definition might seem queer for many physicists, mathematicians, and other scientists, there are reasons why I define here epistemology for use in physics. The following definition itself will clarify the reasons:
The epistemology behind physics is (1) the science of justifications (2) for the systemic fact, the systemic manner of achieving, the enhancement of the systemic manner of achieving, and the foundations of systems (3) of rationally derivable and explicable theoretical consequences of human efforts (4) to grasp the connection between physically existent reality and their pertinent realities of all sorts (5) in an asymptotic approach of truth-correspondence from the procedures of knowing (in terms of the pertinent realities of existent realities) onto the physically existent processes of reality, (6) in a spirally broadening and deepening manner of truth probability, (7) which serves to achieve ever better approximations of the epistemological ideal of knowing, namely, Reality-in-general, (8) starting from reality-in-particular, and (9) by use of the highest theoretical generalities pertaining to Reality-in-total and its parts, namely, reality-in-particular.
The epistemology of physics does not take the viewpoint of the To Be of Reality-in-total. But it must obey the primary implications of To Be and the viewpoint of the To Be of Reality-in-total. What these implications are, will be treated below, under “3. The Ontology of Physics”. Epistemology in philosophy may be slightly more general than the epistemology of physics, in the sense that philosophy takes the viewpoint of all physical processes that exist and attempt to view every reality from that viewpoint alone. If not, philosophy has no justification for existence.
Naturally, the epistemology of the sciences will not be so general as that of philosophy. But obedience to it is better for the epistemology of physics; and the advantages of such obedience will be seen in the results of such physics and such sciences.
The epistemology of physics, therefore, will attempt to theorize, know, and predict all that exist, but from the viewpoint exclusively of experimentally / empirically verifiable methods based on what is directly or indirectly before us, namely, the physical processes at our reach. The epistemology of systematically and systemically (i.e., systematically of systems of systems … ad libitum) moving in the use of logic from the given existent physical processes to the details of the not immediately given but ever more minute or ever more distant physical existents is the epistemology of physics. The above definition would, in my opinion, be sufficient to cover as broad and minute procedures as possible in physics. Time has come to appropriate it in physics, lest much advantage be lost for too long.
Not that philosophy does not trust this approach of physics. But philosophy looks for the Categorial presuppositions of existence behind all that is verifiable or verified empirically and empirical-theoretically. These presuppositions are the starting points and guiding principles of philosophy. There is a stark difference between a methodology of this kind and the methodology of basing everything on the truths derived from empirical and empirical-theoretical research. Now from this viewpoint you may judge the following suggestions and determine whether the epistemology of doing physical science is as broad as that of philosophizing.
Every moment, our body-brain nexus is continuously but finitely in contact with itself and with a finite extent of the environment, more or less simultaneously, but in differing intensities, no matter however elementary. The primary mode of this is through sensation, using all available and necessary aspects of it as the case may be. Thought and feeling are possible only in continuity with sensation, and never without it.
But one special characteristic of the human brain differentiating it from others is that sensation, feeling, and thought can very consciously induct into, and consequently deduce from the presuppositions of, all that exist – no matter whether they are a finite environment or infinite – and all these solely from the finite experience from the finite environment at hand. This seems to be absent in less human living beings.
Moreover, the second, but more forgotten, characteristic of the human brain differentiating it from others is that sensation, thought, and feeling are affective, tending to itself and to others, in the broadest sense of the term ‘affective’. It is the manner in which every human being tends in his/her sensation, feeling, and thought. Hence, all processes of knowing will be coloured by affection.
The manner and then the so-constructed broader background in which sensation, feeling, and thought take place is affection, which we term also love in a very general sense. Sensation, feeling, and thought are the three interconnected modes of tending of the body-brain to itself and to the environment, tend always to connect itself with the environment.
But here too the important differentiating characteristic in human body-brains is their capacity to tend to the environment beyond the immediate environments, and further beyond them, etc. ad libitum. There is nothing wrong in theoretically considering that there is the tendency in humans to converting this sort of ad libitum to ad infinitum, irrespective of whether these environments can really go ever broader at infinity in the content of matter-energy within Reality-in-total. Infinity is another term here for generalizing.
Reality consists of existent reality and realities that pertain to existent realities in their groups. Existent realities are clear enough to understand. Realities pertinent to existent realities are never to be taken as belonging to just one existent reality. They are always those generalities that belong to many existent realities in their respective natural kind. These generalities are what I call ontological universals.
All generalizations tend beyond onto the infinite perfection of the essential aspects of the concepts pertaining to the object-range. Not that the object-range must be infinite. Instead, the tending presumes an infinitization due to the idealization involved in generalizations. This is a kind of infinitization that does not need an infinite Reality-in-total in existence. All the concepts that a human being can use are based in the infinitization of the essential aspects of the concepts in their ideality. But behind these mental ideals there are the ideals, namely, the ontological universals pertaining to the groups (natural kinds) of processual entities in the environment. These are the ideals in the things and are not in us. These too are idealizations at the realm of the natural kinds that form part of Reality-in-total.
Without loving in the sense of tending to, as human do, to the inner and outer environments in their generalities there is no sensation, feeling, and thought. The tending to need not be due to the love of the objects but due to the love of something that pertains to them or to the ontologically universal ideals pertaining to the objects. From this it is clear that the relation between the processual objects and the sensing-feeling-knowing mind is set by the ontological universals in the natural kinds of existent physical processes.
At the part of the mind there should be idealized universals of conceptual quality, because the ontological universals in natural kinds cannot directly enter and form concepts. This shows that the conceptual universals (called connotative universals) are the mental reflections of ontological universals that are in the natural kinds. In short, behind the epistemology of sensation, feeling, and thought there are the ontology and epistemology of loving in the sense of tending to, due to the otherness implied between oneself and the environment.
There may be philosophers and scientists who do not like the idea of love. I say, this is due to the many psychology-related prejudices prevalent in their minds. We need to ask ourselves what the major mode of exercitation of any activity in human beings, and none can doubt the role of love in epistemology. The physical foundations of love too are commonly to be shared with the foundations of other aspects of physical existence.
Such tending by the person is mediated within the person by the connotative universals. Their expression is always in terms of symbols in various languages. These are called denotative universals. Connotative universals get concatenated in the mind in relation to their respective brain elements and form thoughts and feelings. Their expression in language is by the concatenation of denotative universals and get formulated in languages as theories and their parts.
To put in gist the latter part of “2. The Epistemology of Physics”, I suggest that the ontological, connotative, and denotative universals and the love of human agents to these and the very existent processual entities are what facilitate knowledge. The psychological question as to what happens when one has no love does not have any consequence here, because psychology differentiates between love and non-love in terms of certain presumed expressions of love and non-love.
In the case of the natural course of life of humans, the choice is not between love and non-love, but instead, between increasing or decreasing love. We do not speak here of loving other human beings as a matter of ethical action. Instead, the point is that of the natural love that humans have for everything including for sensing, feeling, knowing, etc.
One might wonder here why I did not discuss mathematics as an epistemologically valid tool of physics and other sciences. I have already dealt with this aspect in many other discussion texts in ResearchGate, and hence do not expatiate on it here.
3. The Ontology behind Physics (soon to be given as a separate RG discussion session)
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Thanks.
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While research into 'gratitude' is proliferating, it often remains unclear exactly what concept is being investigated. Indeed, the various definitions in the literature suggest that authors may in fact be considering somewhat different phenomena. Thus, in aiming to advance this line of research and sharpen its focus, it seems useful to elaborate an informative and comprehensive conceptualization of gratitude. Besides, in order to facilitate better integration of this field of research, it is crucial that researchers endeavor to achieve a broad consensus regarding and adoption of such a conceptualization.
So the question(s) remains: what do we mean by and how can we best conceptualize gratitude? I suggest beginning this discussion with a focus on the meaning of gratitude as an experience before considering it as a disposition, character trait and/or virtue, since the latter seem to build on some notion of the former.
As a starting point, I would like to introduce an attempt of my colleagues and I to conceptualize gratitude, which is based on a conceptual-phenomenological analysis:
"Gratitude is an appreciative response that construes its object as a gratuitous good and as a (metaphorical) gift; it is characterized by a receptive-appreciative attitude, an awareness that we are in some sense dependent on something other than ourselves, and a motivational impetus to promote, celebrate and/or radiate goodness."
What do you think of this conceptualization? Does it resonate with your own experience? Is something wrong and/or missing? How would you conceptualize gratitude and why?
Looking forward to an inspiring discussion!
With kind regards,
Nick Hebbink
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Hi Nick, I appreciate you reaching out. Since I penned a long response, I just sent it to you by email and included some attachments. Let me know if you do not receive it. John Elfers
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Hi friends,
I am just wondering about the free/ paid software researchers are using for demonstrating their lengthy conceptual models or frameworks. I am doing a lot of literature reviews and desperately looking for any platforms where i can easily create my frameworks. Creating too many tables and arrows on word makes my life hell.
Any help / suggestions in this regard is highly appreciated.
Thanks
Surej John
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Here are a few popular ones:
1. Lucidchart: Lucidchart is a web-based diagramming tool that offers a free version with limited features. It provides a wide range of shapes, symbols, and templates that can be used to create conceptual frameworks and other types of diagrams. Lucidchart also supports collaboration, allowing multiple users to work on diagrams simultaneously.
2. draw.io: draw.io is an open-source diagramming software that can be used to create conceptual frameworks. It offers a user-friendly interface with various shapes and connectors to design diagrams. draw.io can be used as a web application or downloaded as a desktop application for offline use.
3. Coggle: Coggle is an online mind-mapping and brainstorming tool that can be used to create conceptual frameworks. It allows you to create interconnected nodes and organize your ideas visually. Coggle offers a free version with basic features, and it also supports real-time collaboration.
4. Canva: Canva is a versatile graphic design tool that can be used to create conceptual frameworks and other visual materials. It provides a wide range of templates, shapes, icons, and fonts to design professional-looking diagrams. Canva offers a free plan with many features, and it also has a collaborative feature for team projects.
5. FreeMind: FreeMind is a free and open-source mind-mapping software that can be used to create conceptual frameworks. It offers a simple and intuitive interface for organizing thoughts and ideas visually. FreeMind supports various features like node customization, hyperlinks, and export options.
6. yEd Graph Editor: yEd Graph Editor is a powerful desktop application for creating diagrams, including conceptual frameworks. It provides a wide range of layout algorithms and customization options to create visually appealing diagrams. yEd Graph Editor is available for free and supports various operating systems.
Hope it helps
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Theories of Everything or ultimate unified theories have evaded the conceptual grssp of scientists, with string theory and others coming close.
Physics theories, unlike in other fields must abide, besides mainstream epistemological criteria, strictly to these 2: empirical success and unity, simplicity-explanatory character.
Unity refers to a theory not having divergent or ad hoc seeing conditionals like i.e "except in the case of 2 hold spheres 1 mile apart".
But disunified theories work in other fields where conceptual unification is not the holy grail and they provide empirical success. It means that the theory outbrsnches to a subtheory that violates some basic postulates for the same of fittings to extra data while keeping a loose connection yp the theory's bottom line
Given failures to advance in description of some aspects of nature or scientific aims, it is tempting to ask if physics would ever decide to break its "founding manifesto".
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First of all, the reason there’s no ``Theory of Everything" is because ``Everything" isn’t known.
The reason it’s not known how to ``unify" gravity with the other interactions is because gravity is a gauge theory, like the other interactions, but with a non-compact gauge group, unlike the other interactions. And how to describe the quantum theory, whose classical limit is a gauge theory with a non-compact gauge group, isn’t known.
The Standard Model itself isn’t yet a unified theory, since it has three coupling constants.While it is known how to write ``Grand Unified Theories", of the known interactions, apart from gravity, it hasn’t been possible, to date, to distinguish experimentally between them. It’s, already, not easy to measure the events predicted by the Standard Model.
So the current theoretical description is, already, ``disunified".
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My supervisor asked me to include a diagram of a conceptual framework in my dissertation, but I'm unsure about its meaning and how to create such a diagram. Can someone provide guidance on this?
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Type “diagram of conceptual framework” into Google and find tons of clues!!!!
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I wrote a book and I have a conceptual approach. I have my own understanding, on this topic and also philosophically and spiritually contained. How may I publish as a research paper and post it on research gate. Thanks.
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See this help page ("How to add research") for instructions how to add texts to ResearchGate: https://help.researchgate.net/hc/en-us/articles/14293005132305. However, this will not be a publication, see "Is ResearchGate a publisher?" in https://help.researchgate.net/hc/en-us/articles/14292596164753.
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What is the impact of brain-based learning on students' conceptual understanding in physics?
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Brain-based learning, also known as neuroscience-based learning or educational neuroscience, is an approach to education that incorporates insights from neuroscience and cognitive psychology to inform teaching and learning practices. When applied to physics education, it can have several positive impacts on students' conceptual understanding. Here are some of the ways brain-based learning can influence students' understanding of physics concepts:
  1. Engaging Different Learning Styles: Brain-based learning acknowledges that different students have different learning styles and preferences. By incorporating various teaching methods and strategies, such as visual, auditory, and kinesthetic approaches, educators can cater to the diverse needs of students. This can help students grasp physics concepts more effectively by aligning with their individual cognitive strengths.
  2. Active Learning and Problem-Solving: Brain-based learning often emphasizes active learning and problem-solving strategies. Physics is a subject that benefits from hands-on experimentation, group activities, and critical thinking. These methods can stimulate brain activity and help students connect theoretical knowledge to real-world situations, deepening their understanding of physics principles.
  3. Emphasizing Real-World Relevance: Neuroscience research shows that the brain is more engaged when learning is connected to real-world applications. Teaching physics concepts with a focus on their practical relevance, such as how they apply to technology, engineering, or everyday life, can make the subject more interesting and easier for students to grasp.
  4. Building on Prior Knowledge: Brain-based learning recognizes the importance of building on students' prior knowledge and experiences. Educators can use this principle to connect new physics concepts to what students already understand, helping them make meaningful connections and build a more comprehensive understanding of the subject.
  5. Reducing Cognitive Overload: Physics can be a challenging subject, and students may experience cognitive overload when presented with too much information at once. Brain-based learning suggests breaking down complex concepts into smaller, more manageable pieces, allowing students to process and integrate the information at their own pace.
  6. Providing Frequent Feedback: Regular feedback is essential for learning, as it helps students monitor their progress and make necessary adjustments. Brain-based learning encourages the use of formative assessment techniques, such as quizzes and discussions, to provide students with ongoing feedback, enabling them to refine their understanding of physics concepts.
  7. Emphasizing Emotional and Social Factors: The brain is not solely a cognitive organ; emotions and social interactions also play a significant role in learning. Creating a positive, supportive classroom environment and addressing emotional factors like anxiety can enhance students' receptivity to physics concepts.
  8. Leveraging Multimedia and Technology: Brain-based learning encourages the use of multimedia and technology to present information in multiple formats. In physics education, this can include simulations, virtual labs, and interactive online resources, which can enhance engagement and comprehension.
It's important to note that while brain-based learning principles can have a positive impact on students' conceptual understanding in physics, they should be combined with effective teaching practices and tailored to the specific needs of the learners. Additionally, research in this field is ongoing, and the application of neuroscience findings to education is continually evolving. Teachers should stay informed about the latest developments in brain-based learning to maximize its benefits for their students.
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Some literature/peer suggestions include:
** moving from teacher initiated questions to student initiated about problem solving
** focus on what teacher perceived as challenging areas in each curriculum region
** moving from conceptual instruction to more techinal terms and meaning of scientific terms
** focus on promoting sample exersices that fit to currculum & exam standards basic skills
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Learn on Your Own: Try doing more on your own! I'll give you tricky problems or projects to work on. This helps you learn how to figure things out by yourself.
Stay Updated: Physics is always changing. I'll keep you in the loop with the latest stuff. We'll look at new examples or stories to see how physics is always growing and changing.
Use Technology: Let's use cool tools like computer simulations, special software, and online resources. They make learning more fun and help us understand tough ideas better.
Check How You're Doing: I'll check how well you know your stuff. But it's not just about memorizing facts. We'll see how good you are at solving problems, thinking hard, and using what you know in real-life situations.
Be Supportive: Our class is a team. Ask questions, share thoughts, and don't be afraid to ask for help. We're here to support each other and learn together.
Explore More: We won't only stick to what's in the books. Let's explore extra stuff! This might make you curious to learn even more about physics outside of our regular lessons.
Get Feedback: I'll tell you how you're doing in a helpful way. It's like a guide to see where you're awesome and where you can get even better.
And hey, as we move up to harder physics, I'll make sure we find the right balance between giving you tough challenges and helping you succeed. We'll adapt our way of learning to handle the more advanced stuff in A Level or university physics
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Where to begin from? Conceptual framework and theoratical frmaework? Tools to collect and analyse data?
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Dear Dr. Chughtai!
You pointed to a very important topic to discuss: How to progress in academia within a context of continuous turbulent wind of change:
1) Tang, X., Wang, MT., Guo, J. et al. Building Grit: The Longitudinal Pathways between Mindset, Commitment, Grit, and Academic Outcomes. J Youth Adolescence 48, 850–863 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-019-00998-0, Open access:
2) Tang, X., Wang, MT., Parada, F. et al. Putting the Goal Back into Grit: Academic Goal Commitment, Grit, and Academic Achievement. J Youth Adolescence 50, 470–484 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-020-01348-1, Open access:
3) Barbouta, Apostolia. “Growth Mindset and Grit: How Do University Students’ Mindsets and Grit Affect their Academic Achievement?” (2020). Free access:
4) Calo M, Judd B, Chipchase L, Blackstock F, Peiris CL. Grit, Resilience, Mindset, and Academic Success in Physical Therapist Students: A Cross-Sectional, Multicenter Study. Phys Ther. 2022 Jun 3;102(6):pzac038. doi: 10.1093/ptj/pzac038. PMID: 35421232; PMCID: PMC9350533., Free access:
Yours sincerely, Bulcsu Szekely
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Welcome to the ResearchGate discussion dedicated to an academic exploration of my thesis titled "Ontology of the Theory of Relativity. (Ontología de la teoría de la relatividad)" This discussion provides a focused platform for researchers and enthusiasts to engage in a scholarly examination of the foundational topics addressed in the paper.
The objective of this discussion is to facilitate a thorough analysis of the ontological aspects inherent to Einstein's Theory of Relativity. Participants are encouraged to contribute their insights, critiques, and inquiries pertaining to the conceptual framework presented in the paper.
Key topics of interest include:
1. Spacetime: Delve into the conceptualization of spacetime and it's ontological nature, exploring its properties, structure, and implications for our understanding of the relativistics phenomena.
2. Movement. Discuss the model of movement proposed in the paper, its significance, and possible clashes with other conceptions.
3. Time. Debate on the conception of time sketched in the paper.
4. Other Philosophical Considerations: Engage in a scholarly discourse regarding the philosophical implications of the theory, including its impact on our conception of reality and the nature of causality.
5. Future Directions: Share thoughts on potential avenues for further research, extensions, or applications of the ontological framework discussed in the paper.
Participants are encouraged to ground their contributions in existing literature and empirical evidence, fostering a rigorous and intellectually stimulating exchange.
A version in English can be found here: https://arxiv.org/abs/2302.14809v2
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Yes, I downloaded it; thanks.
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*Topic for discussions*
Wouldn't it be more helpful and make research work more concise if we consider merging the literature review section with the background of the study. For instance, is it possible to have a research study structured in the style below?
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 Introduction
1.1 statement of the problem
1.2 purpose of the study
1.3 Objectives
1.4 research questions/hypothesis
1.5 significance
1.6 delimitation of the study
CHAPTER TWO BACKGROUND AND EMPIRICAL REVIEW
2.0 Introduction
2.1 conceptual framework
....................
Note*
Pardon my ignorance senior members but I think the best way to increase knowledge is by learning from a wide range of audience. That is why I ask a lot of questions.
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That's already how an introduction is written in an article :)
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Please suggest me a free software to make conceptual and theoretical frameworks
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Various free software tools for diagramming or mind-mapping capabilities are:
1. draw.io: draw.io is a free, web-based diagramming tool that allows you to create various types of diagrams, including conceptual frameworks. It provides a user-friendly interface with a wide range of symbols and shapes to construct your framework. It also offers collaboration features and the ability to save your diagrams locally or in cloud storage services.
2. Lucidchart: Lucidchart is an online diagramming tool that offers a free version with limited features. It provides an intuitive interface and a variety of shapes, templates, and icons to create conceptual frameworks. Lucidchart allows you to collaborate with others, export your diagrams, and integrate with popular tools like Google Drive and Slack.
3. Coggle: Coggle is a web-based mind-mapping tool that allows you to create visual representations of your conceptual and theoretical frameworks. It offers a simple and intuitive interface with drag-and-drop functionality. You can collaborate with others in real-time and export your mind maps as PDF or image files.
4. MindMup: MindMup is a free online mind-mapping software that enables you to create hierarchical structures and relationships between concepts. It offers an easy-to-use interface, real-time collaboration, and the ability to import or export mind maps in various formats. MindMup also integrates with cloud storage services like Google Drive and Dropbox.
5. XMind: XMind is a popular open-source mind-mapping software that provides a free version with basic features. It offers a range of templates, styles, and customization options to create conceptual frameworks. XMind allows you to export your mind maps in various formats, including PDF, image files, and Microsoft Office formats.
These are starting point for creating conceptual and theoretical frameworks, and each has its own unique features and interface. You can explore them and choose the one that best suits your needs and preferences.
Good luck
credit AI tools
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Physics is made of 3 main branches: classical mechanics "point mass" including gravity, electromagnetism (80% of phenomena) & fluid mechanics.
The 1st and 3rd are so far conceptually the most incompatible.
Pressure is the primitive in fluid theory(and force a non prinitive) , force in the other .
So obviously the unified fluid-poin mass theory needs to find new primitives or reject one concept.
Although Hamiltonian formulation does this to a degree, we need a deeper, more physically insightful theorization.
Rationale& problems
The rationale
nature is unified.
The problem
Incompressibility and other properties that succesfully explain
fluids cannot be related to point mass mechanics properties.
This is a didision that is man made and not for nature
Laws
Bernoulli & Newtonian cannot be unified. A new theoretical entity needs to be invented, like when Faraday invented the field, to incorporate one in another.
First a key question must be established that is Meaningful and observational effects based, about the relation of point mass forsive andBernoulli fluid phenomena
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Fluids are in a sense the opposite case
And rely on high correlation of the constituants.
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I am not computational chemist but I would appreciante if you explain me this in a conceptual way
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I am doing DFT calculations in dmol3 and would like to conceptually understand the convergence threshold parameters and how changing them affects my calculations. Thanks
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The need for "convergence" and "convergence threshold" runs deep into the numerical calculations. The point is computers cannot perform an infinite number of operations in a finite time. Thus, you need to introduce truncations. For example, in the numerical evaluation of an integral you need to define a finite mesh with a finite spacing. The quality of your results depends on how fine the mesh is. However, after a certain point increasing the number of point does not increase the accuracy or you reach a moment when you decide the result is accurate enough.
The same applies with DFT calculation. For example, you need to reduce the basis set to a finite set. The number of elements in the basis define the level of you accuracy. However, by convention, "chemical accuracy" is set at around 20-50 meV for the exchange and correlation functionals. Any numerical accuracy below that threshold will be unnecessary and a waste of numerical resources. Because there are other approximations, outside of the numerical code, that establish an effective threshold. Another threshold is the numerical power at your disposal. Increasing accuracy might increase the numerical demand thus you need to stop when you maxed out your resources.
There are in general many parameters to converge and they do depend on the code you are using. I am not an expert of dmol3 so on this I cannot really help.
I hope this helps,
Roberto
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I extended utaut model with some additional factors and examined the conceptual framework through a questionnaire. now I need to evaluate the usability of this model by interview and sus score without using a specific system. how could I do this?
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I agree with David L Morgan. A mixed methods research study with a sequential explanatory design can provide a comprehensive understanding of a research topic by combining quantitative analysis with targeted qualitative exploration, resulting in more robust and nuanced conclusions. A relevant example paper is the following.
Alotumi, M. (2022). Factors influencing graduate students’ behavioral intention to use Google Classroom: Case study-mixed methods research. Education and Information Technologies, 27(7), 10035–10063. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-022-11051-2
Good luck,
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What is a conceptual framework of research in Fisheries Marketing?
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The framework could include various elements such as the different stakeholders involved in the marketing of fisheries products, the market forces that affect pricing and distribution, the marketing strategies used by industry players, and the regulatory policies that shape the industry.
I hope this helps.
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My suggestion is: trying to solve it in a conceptual reference frame that is not optimal.
Here is my example. Kleiber’s Law is Max Klieber’s empirical inference that metabolism scales by a 3/4 power of mass. Accordingly, much effort has been invested in trying to deduce a 3/4 exponent from a mathematically based reasoning. An example is the geometric, fracctally based reasoning in A General Model for the Origin of Allometric Scaling Laws in Biology , 1997, Science , Vol. 276. The 3/4 power relates to energy use. Energy use is the conceptual reference frame. Instead, it appears that a better conceptual reference frame focuses on how much energy distribution capacity increases with increased animal size. In that case, the 3/4 scaling of the rate of metabolism is how evolution responded to the 4/3 scaling of energy supply, to render energy per cell invariant. This is discussed in:
Other examples:
The laws of motion without the concept of inertia (Galileo’s marbles experiments).
The nature of heat without connecting energy, motion and heat.
Equating redshift and luminosity distances for SN 1A. I suspect this is a conceptual reference frame problem.
Do you have other examples?
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I browse the Physics help website https://physicshelpforum.com/ Many of the questions posted there appear to be very poorly written homework problems, indicating that the teacher(s) has(have) no idea what they're doing. These problems are often ambiguous and/or missing critical information that perhaps the student is to presume. The problems often are missing units or contain conflicting units. It's a wonder the students learn anything from these pointless exercises. My answer to this topic is: problems that are poorly stated or poorly formulated are hard to solve.
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all there is to know about conceptual framework
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A framework that you wish to propose, usually from the results generated from your study findings per se.
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When Introduction, Background Study and Conceptual Framework is written in a Research Paper ?
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All mentioned introduction,background study and conceptual framework wrtten in Novel subject to cover all items of artical.
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Can some one suggest me some researches from Project Management Journals which must have variables, conceptual framework and research methodology so that I can replicate in some other demographic area?
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First study latest published work in impact factor journals on area of your interest.Find study gaps and then after topic approval from your thesis supervisor, start writing the proposal following the thesis guidelines of your university research office proposal.
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What is the difference between conceptual framework and theoretical framework?
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So, in my opinion, conceptual and theoretical frameworks are both important in academic research, but they have different goals. A conceptual framework is created for a particular study and helps researchers plan their work. In contrast, a theoretical framework is designed to explain general phenomena in a particular field. While a theoretical framework can be applied to many studies within a discipline, a conceptual framework is unique to each individual research project.
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Conceptual vs Empirical Types of Research.
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Please find some useful links that discuss this topic:
But in simple terms, conceptual research is based on developing/testing theories (based on gaps in the research) and within these theories versus empirical research is largely based on experimenting to test theories or form new theories.
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Yes, there are many examples in physics where one can switch from a scaling to a dimensional conceptual reference frame for solving a problem. In fact, such a switch can often simplify the problem and make it easier to solve.
A common example is the study of fluid dynamics. In many fluid dynamics problems, it is useful to work with dimensionless quantities, such as the Reynolds number, which describes the ratio of inertial forces to viscous forces in a fluid flow. By using dimensionless quantities, one can simplify the governing equations and make them more amenable to analysis.
However, there are situations where working with dimensional quantities may be more appropriate. For example, in problems involving the motion of objects in a gravitational field, it is often necessary to work with dimensional quantities such as mass, length, and time. Similarly, in problems involving electromagnetic fields, it may be necessary to work with dimensional quantities such as charge and electric potential.
The choice of whether to work with scaling or dimensional quantities depends on the specific problem at hand and the physical phenomena involved. In general, it is important to choose the appropriate reference frame that best captures the relevant physics and simplifies the problem.
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The theoretical framework and conceptual framework in educational research are two concepts that may be unclear to novice researchers since they are not explicitly defined in the research literature and occasionally have several meanings. The theoretical framework is based on a theory and explains the broader relationship between concepts that serve as the basis for a particular study. The conceptual framework might be something different.
Could someone explain what a conceptual framework is and how it is different from a theoretical framework?
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Versions of this question have been asked here several times. I suggest you use the Search function at the top of the page to take a look at them.
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How to tell a conceptual paper from those research papers? Are there any bullet points that distinguish them?
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A conceptual paper is a type of research paper that discusses one or more abstract or theoretical concepts or ideas. It usually includes a discussion of the relevant literature and a description of the concept(s) being addressed. Conceptual papers typically aim to propose new or enhanced theories or frameworks, or to suggest new directions for research.
On the other hand, a research paper typically involves empirical research or experimentation, in which data is collected and analyzed to test a hypothesis or answer a specific research question. Research papers often have a more rigid structure, with sections such as an introduction, literature review, methods, results, and discussion.
The main difference between conceptual papers and research papers is that the former focuses on abstract or theoretical concepts, while the latter involves empirical research or experimentation. However, it's important to note that there can be some overlap between the two types, as research papers may also include conceptual discussions, and conceptual papers may draw on empirical evidence to support their arguments or proposals.
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High school physics does not have the best affective appeal - not reputation among general student population-possibly due to content emphasis. Affective aspects however are important in early to mid stages of education.
Torques, circular motion and coulomb fields are depressing topics to the scientifically inadept; even more modern physics topics and high esteem terms like "constructive superposition" of waves and related phenomena do not faire better.
One however has to keep in mind that the mission of k 12 is to build some conceptual& skillsets/deep understandings that the next generations of scientists should have. Appeal is quarabteed what ever the topic choice for the later.
So the compromise is hard-leading to current win-lose solutions.
Suggestions such as for incorporation of whole year curricula on exciting, high contemporary culture status topics like radioactivity, laser apps, Vacuum conductivity have been raised to be balanced with half year courses on scientific method-a facelifted version of mentioned depressing content with deenpasis on content to teach skills/conceptual areas but keep things attractive to general population are still to gain persuasive power to be adopted.
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Another key point is the current philosophy of easy to hard progression: Laws of science as "connecting changing terms and being immanent in what it govers, are relations" and then a theory (higher grades).
The choice of theory has been critisized (constructively and with best interest in mind), what about choice of laws?
Newton is choses, adding to the depression. Not because there is something wrong with it - but because of its conceptual inconcistency (not generally admited but see my articles of vaqueness of concepts in physical science), its abstraction and its nearness to a Theory of Everything (a unifying principle of nature) that makes it hard and above the threshold challenging. Easiest laws-based year-long theme-based units should be considered and Newton as an appendix and certainly not a repeated year by year, topic.
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So, this question pertains to our recent publication 'Towards a conceptual framework for communicating library training to students in South African university libraries'.
I recently asked CHATGPT to tell me about the debate between John Budd, Gary P Radford and Jim Zwadlo on the role of philosophy in library and information science. These were the responses (attached).
Which perspective entices you the most?
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Philosophy remains the way of life for every individual who keep their life for there individual the way of their message for their thinking phase , individual development for their life action.
For every individual life is important & offering the message for their action for becoming worthy human being .It is in this line of action individual a prefer to move towards the information , its value, & action in their life .
This is my personal opinion
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Wondering out aloud if there is a specific and universally acceptable format (which can be justified to a panel) wrt the placement of a conceptual framework in a doctoral thesis? I have been hearing various versions.
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As I see it, essentially, your conceptual framework regarding an intended research project, is how you see the elements of the project 'coming together' towards, for instance, answering a research question; and of course, your CF might change as your project progresses---then again, it might not.
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For research purposes
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In addition to all interesting answers, I am wonder Prof. Franklin Aganibah Abobe if STEM is not the conceptualization of basic sciences in secondary schools.
Probably, Prof.
Zoncita Del Mundo Norman
could explain it. I live in Venezuela and we have quite a concern as educators on the way that STEM subjects have been neglected in high schools curricula.
Eventually a conceptualization should imply to recall the importance of those subjects in the cognitive process of the young generation being formed in high schools.
Kind Regards.
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I am sorry that the talk is in Chinese only here: https://youtu.be/kChpjZgIeeM
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Thanks a lot, dear Stephen I. Ternyik . Speed is a reality of DIKWP.
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I know this is a debatable subject and many researchers have different opinions on this topic, but I want you to put your insights and describe it from various lenses.
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Several versions of this question have been asked previously, so use the search function to read those discussions.
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I think there is a great relationship between the two. The purpose of case conception is to analyze patients 'psychological activities by collecting information. In fact, the purpose of Freud's psychoanalysis is also to explore the psychological activities of patients. There are also theories of explanation in psychoanalysis, such as Freud's "stage of sexual psychological development", Adler's "inferiority complex" and so on. But "analysis" in psychoanalysis is to explore the psychological activities of patients, and case conceptualization is also the purpose. So, case conceptualization is inspired by psychoanalysis. Because psychoanalysis has not been recognized by the mainstream academic community, but psychotherapy is inseparable from "analysis", so, just like "the repressed desire is expressed in other ways", psychotherapy has invented "case conceptualization", case conceptualization is a psychoanalytical apprentice. What about you? What do you think of the relationship between the two? By the way, my "psychological analysis" is also an apprentice of psychoanalysis. In fact, the case conceptualization is a psychological analysis.
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Hi,
Case conceptualization is a process and maps for understanding and explaining a client’s presenting issues. It can guide the counseling process. It provides counselors with a coherent plan for focusing treatment interventions, including the therapeutic alliance, to increase the likelihood of achieving treatment goals. This is used in all forms of counseling and psychotherapy, also, Psychoanalysis.
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Perception is not the ultimate guide for knowledge but as Gallileo captured the actual and empirical, not necessarily the real, similar concerns arise.
In general, the repercussions of Reduction arise because what is actual, i.e final instantiation of underlining process, is not all the story. Further omissions come from the empirical approach since sense means are not always valid projectors of the actual.
Gallilean approach has yielded a framework that empowered our comprehension & ability to define/describe phenomena in the realm of the actual& empirical. His treatise should not be considered more than this i.e descrining the nature of the real and its dynamics.
The reduction of change to motion has been noted but little has been argued about its shortfalls in epistemic practice. This reduction is part of the reduction of the real to the actual since it omits any need to refer to the real to make its claims functional. It also removes philosophical or anthropocentric notions of growth and ultimate ends which is good in one sense but in a pure "reductionist shortfalls" point of view is still a problem dimain restriction.
The description of motion with mathematics is another point neglected. Motion can be described qualitatively or conceptual but such a framework has not been devised.
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Thanks for your thoughts and wishes
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Hello
I am developing a hypothesised model based on a theoretical framwork in a conceptual paper, but I only want to use part of the framework and add something new in the model. Does anyone know if this is okay? If so, coudl you show me any journal articles that did this?
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You can do whatever you like since there is no law determining model rules in this world :)
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I am doing Ph.D research on ( peace-building through development) using 2 theories plus conceptual framework. My data collection method is semi-structured interviews, is interviews are sufficient to gather the needed data or I need to ad another method? Respectfully
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Hi,
I'd like to add 3 points :
1- It's your research question/topic which leads you through the choice of a methodology (mixed, full quantitative, full qualitative,...). Bear in mind that your methodology may evolve during your PhD process. That's kinda usual as your results influence the way you will conduct the global research.
2- IF and only IF, your thesis purposes are fullfilled with semi-structured interviews, then, there is no problem, according to me, to only rest on qualitative methodology. Be also aware that multiples studies are often required to complete a PhD.
3- Talk with your promoter as his/her opinion might influence your work. Maybe, he/she has other points of views to take into consideration.
Best whishes to all of you for 2023 :-)
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conceptual metaphor, analogy, or categorization?
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Gravitational waves will bring us exquisitely accurate maps of black holes – maps of their space-time. Those maps will make it crystal clear whether or not what we’re dealing with are black holes as described by general relativity
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I am working on a paper that focuses on perceptions and I wonder if anyone has found any paper that conceptualizes perceptions as a concept or object of study. In other words, I am looking for references to help me understand how to study perceptions, like definitions, the different angles of perceptions I need to consider
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Thanks @jummai sagir for your input. I agree with your stating point which is what I found in most studies on perceptions. I am more interested in how it has been conceptualised/theorised in the literature. Do you have any reference I can read?
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The conceptual framework put forward by Holt et al. (2007) for their scale measuring Readiness for Organizational Change (cf. attached picture) seems promising but I'm not sure how it can be adapted qualitatively to come up with in-depth interview questions. Any help is more than appreciated.
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I am not sure that the key formulation on the left-hand side of the dagram is of much use. How could content or process not matter? When do individuals and context not play a crucial role? On top of that, this is a classic example of a model where "everything affects everything." In other words, this so-called theory would be hard to contradict.
Instead, a qualitative researcher would concentrate on which elements of content and process made the most difference, and how specific individuals and specific elements of context influenced the overall outcome.
If you are researching a specific organizational change, then I would recommend that your interview questions should be based around a participant's experiences with that change. For example, you might ask each of them to create a timeline, starting with when they first heard about the potential change, and then locating what they consider to be important points since that beginning.
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Any idea about packages or application for hypothetical drawing and conceptual framework?
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All of the applications I mention are bought on-line. You type the name of the application you want. In addition you should type this into a search - "Making drawings for social and management science". I'm using google search and see many choices. After you do a search I recommend you speak with people at the university, tell them if you have any experience illustrating in your field. Then ask what they use. Lastly, Adobe application require a yearly subscription. Corel Draw and be subscription or purchase and is much less expensive than adobe. Image J is a US product and free. Its supported by an extensive group of researchers. But is developed for science analysis. If you can't get information and are a beginner with illustration my suggestions is start with the built-in tools in MS Word and/or Powerpoint. And begin to learn how to use one of the others. Many schools have courses in this. By the way, you can hire someone, even a student, to make the drawings you need. -- -- If none of this is helpful, then attach a sample of the kind of drawing you need.
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I am trying to conceptualize a topic on radon monitoring in the Philippines and I am still thinking if using CR-39 detector is enough or should I incorporate the usage of the RAD7 real-time monitor for radon? Thank you.
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Mattia is correct. For a home, the CR-39 is for a minimum of 90 days and the RAD7 is for 1 hour house measurements over a few days. To find hot spots, use the RAD 7 (be aware of Rn-220 response)
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Hello!
I have a question about the discrepancy between conceptualization and operationalization in my study.
I used the concept named 'multicultural teaching competency'(MTC) (Spanierman et al., 2010). In their paper on validating the MTC scale, they conceptualised MTC as awareness, knowledge, and skills.
But when they processed EFA, CFA, and reliability test, the results showed that only knowledge and skills are two sufficient factors to explain MTC.
The authors explained a few reasons why awareness is not one of the factors.
But how can I justify in my dissertation the discrepancy between their original conceptualisation in which they mentioned MTC is composed of awareness, knowledge, and skills, and the outcome of the study which only knowledge and skills are two sufficient factors for MTC?
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My question would be why do you feel the need to come up with a justification? Should not the authors of the original work have provided such a (hopefully convincing) justification for retaining 3 factors when their empirical analyses supported only 2?
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Hello everyone I am writing a literature review/conceptual paper with an objective of Highlighting the research gap and future agenda. I want to add value in argument and debate with some quantitative information that's why I am seeking for any analysis or methodology to use on previous results and then writing about the trends or gap. Please mention some of the analysis tools and methods for this purpose
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Use Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) framework
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Respected Sir/Madam,
Just I wanna a discussion on the topic that how we can use the Conceptual Framework in Pharmacy practice research or Clinical pharmacy research? is there any books, references, articles or any comprehensive discussions on it?
Thanks and kind regards
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Dear colleque,
Thank you very much for intresting question.
I shoud inform you that I have the book only related with pediatric disseases because I am pediatration and delivered lectures, but my articles research related with Clinical Pharmacology because of my interest in this field of medicine.
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What is the Conceptual Understanding of Mathematical Concepts? How you can define this Idea?
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Dear Mohammad A. Tashtoush,
In order to understand mathematical concepts, you need to focus on physical geometry, try to convert/formulate it into mathematical codes, modelling or input to output representations. Mathematical Models/equations/functions are nothing but behaves like physical scale/balance for measuring masses or volumes etc.
In general, it takes a lot of time and motivation to understand mathematical concepts. Once you reach that level, you will imagine that everything for recognition, visualization, computation, realization etc need MATHEMATICS.
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Glass forming ability and critical cooling rate in bulk metallic glasses
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In metallic glasses, as in other not-very-stable glasses in which homogeneous nucleation dominates, one can understand the relationship between glass forming ability and critical cooling rate by referring to the well-known T-T-T (time-temperature-transformation) curve. A good place to learn about it is D. Turnbull's seminal 1969 article,
Under What Conditions Can a Glass Be Formed?
  • September 1969, Contemporary Physics 10(5):473-488
  • DOI: 10.1080/00107516908204405
However it doesn't seem to be available for free, except for the abstract.
Please refer instead to the helpful example attached below (from Missouri S&T):
As you can see, the T-T-T curves (two are shown) represent the relative crystallinity reached at various times and temperatures. There is a region - often referred in literature as the "nose" of the curve (always pointing left) - in which the probability of crystallization is maximal. At higher temperatures the driving force toward nucleation is smaller, so fewer nuclei form and many of them redissolve before they have a chance to grow; at lower temperatures the driving force is higher but the process is slower because of increased viscosity (or if you wish diffusion rate).
In the example shown, cooling curve "a" (lower slope) crosses at least the 1 ppm crystallization curve and probably will cross the 1% curve as well with continued cooling. The "b" curve is what you might call the critical rate (with respect to 1 ppm crystallization): the transformation has about even probabilities of happening and not happening. Cooling curve "c" represents cooling that is fast enough to avoid crystallization altogether
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I'm looking to do research utilizing (STOC) as a conceptual framework for a qualitative study. Was wondering if anyone knew of other research that used the same framework that had a sample interview guide that explored the various stages.
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Most welcome! Improving strategic decision-making with evidence-based management: A public sector case study. You'll find it easiest at rayoung.academia.edu. Let me know if I can assist.
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Hello everyone!
I have a question regarding the conceptual/theoretical framework for qualitative research.
I know that you have to use the existing literature or theory to make a framework, but I was wondering if you can use only 3 concepts out of four concepts from one research.
For example, a key concept is why organizations form partnerships. Regarding this, one research discussed about four motives of why organizations form partnerships. In this case, can I use only three motives for my framework?
Also, another study suggested two other motivations. can I combine them with the one above?
Thank you in advance, and I will wait for your insights!
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In qualitative research, the extent to which you use a theoretical framework depends on how exploratory your study is. Often, you want to minimize your preconceptions, so you try to avoid using prior theory to structure your own data collection and analysis. In other cases, you may want to rely on broad concepts (e.g., partnership in this case), but not base your approach on the specifics that were used in previous studies.
The bottom line is that you have to clarify the purposes of your study, and then use that as a basis for selecting the degree to which you want to engage with the literature before you enter the field.
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Dear colleagues
in contrast to the traditional approaches to validity, the argument-based approach emphasized the claims rather than the constructs. do you think this shift from constructs to claims makes the validation process more practical, and abstract or tangible in conceptualization?
Your ideas are highly appreciated
Sincerely
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Validity basically evaluates whether a measure assesses what it is supposed or intended to measure, so there could be various subjective, intersubjective and objective means of assessing validity, via numbers. words, comparisons, ratings using argument, meditation, concepts, constructs etc., the more varying the means the more valid, accurate and realistic the validity of truth claims, probability, statistical significance etc. If the choice of approach/method fits the problem, issue or event being investigated, then optimal validity evaluation should accrue.
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Hello experts, Seniors, and fellows, kindly help me on this.
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Thank you Kevin Agina Onyango for the interesting question and all professors for the valuable answers.
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Teacher trainees are placed in schools for their professional learning experiences (internship, or practicum experiences). What really do they learn from their teacher mentors and from the school environment? I would like to have a conceptual framework of such learning experiences on the field of teaching.
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Thank you, Eric Ofosu-Dwamena, for the excellent question and all professors' valuable answers.
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I am studying child-adult differences in how EMG's mean power frequency (MPF) changes as a function of relative (%) time to exhaustion. The best-fit function for each of these relationships was found to be a 3rd-order polynomial and each relationship comprise ~200 data points.
How do I find whether and to what extent the two functions are ststistically different from each other?
(The problem appears to be conceptually simple, but apparently nobody in my academic institution seems to know how to analyze that)
Thanks in advance!
Raffy Dotan
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I had the same problem with intraclass correlation coefficient. You can use this (is in spanish). https://mathcracker.com/es/calculadora-comparar-correlaciones-muestrales#results
References - Comparing Correlated Correlation Coefficients - Meng el tal 1992
Current Research and Statistical Practices in Sport Science and a Need for Change - Bernards et al 2017
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I am developing a conceptual framework from literature and logical reasoning.
The framework is validated through interviews and then tested through surveys.
I am confused:
1. Do I mention that I developed the conceptual model with interviews BEFORE my methodology chapter, knowing I must provide my research questions at that stage, which is the standard sequencing?
or
2. Do I simply propose the research questions first, followed by the methodology, then the interviews which will feed into the conceptual model after the methodoloy?
My confusion is that the methodology is mentioning the interviews, yet I have conducted those early-on to develop the model.
I hope my answer is clear!
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Conceptually a qualitative study cannot have a conceptual framework, though people do it now a days.
Conceptual framework is primarily a part of a quantitative Study.
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Family Systems Theory by Murray Bowen is a specific approach which takes familial functioning into account. I am interested in how the concepts present in it will translate into a South Asian (or, to be more precise, the collectivistic framework of Pakistan) context? For instance, Bowen's theory is based on an understanding of nuclear family systems but how would it apply in the case of a joint family? In a culture where parents might be dependent on the views of the community in terms of bringing up children, how would Bowen's theories translate exactly (for instance, if they have a disabled child)? For example, what is the difference between Bowen's concepts of relationships between generations and the kinds that might emerge owing to different generations living under the same roof and with their extended family members as well?
Let's say, for instance, that it is not merely parents but also other members of the family such as extended family members or grandparents who either counsel children on "appropriate conduct" or even express disapproval and view it as appropriate behavior culturally. How do Murray's concepts such as "Differentiation" change in a cultural sense in that case just as one example out of many possible ones? In a culture where "adulthood" and transition towards it might exist in a legal sense but might not be necessarily viewed as "important" even for parental figures (for instance, even if children cross the age of 18, parents do not try to treat their children as "adults"), how would Bowen's concepts change? I am not talking in terms of applying these concepts therapeutically, but, in terms of how they might be applicable in a conceptual sense.
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Bowen is from Pittsburgh which is not far where I reside. I am quite familiar with his ides.
Family is a crucial social unit. The subsystems are: sibling, parental and marital.
Siblings can have ready access to the parental subsystem but not the marital.
This is triangulation and the clinician must assist the couple to reduce it.
Rich