Composition Studies - Science topic

Gold compositional studies have been advocated to resolve genetic relationships between alluvial and in situ occurrences based on the assumption that the P-T-X conditions at the sites of mineral deposition are reflected in common compositional signatures of gold. Here, we explore two refinements to a simple 'same or different' approach, namely (i)...

Interaction exists between natural products due to pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic principles of drug-drug interactions. This research was designed to investigate the combination effect of a diet formulated from rice and sweet potato with glibenclamide on alloxan-induced diabetic Wistar rats. The diet was shade-dried, ground, and pelletized int...

This research work explores the role of organic metabolites of Amaranthus viridis in biogenic synthesis of binary composite of ZrO2-La2O3. The structural and compositional studies of the newly synthesized composite was carried out using various characterization techniques which revealed the unique rod type arrangement of spherical shaped particles...

Biological soil crusts (BSCs) are common in arid and semi-arid regions, found in vegetation patches and interpatches. However, their distribution, functionality, and composition studies are limited, especially in South America and Argentina. This study assessed the functional differences in BSCs between patches and interpatches focusing on their ro...

The nanoscale spinel structured ferrites co-doped with multi-valence ions are of great interest and proving to be promising for numerous applications. In light of this, herein we report tetravalent titanium ions (Ti⁴⁺) and divalent zinc ions (Zn²⁺) co-doped nickel ferrites with generic formula of NiFe2 − 2xTixZnxO4 (x = 0.00 ≤ x ≤ 0.20 in step of 0...

Porphyry Cu (Mo-Au) deposit is one of the most important types of copper deposit and usually formed under magmatic arc-related settings, whilst the Mujicun porphyry Cu-Mo deposit in North China Craton uncommonly generated within intra-continental settings. Although previous studies have focused on the age, origin and ore genesis of the Mujicun depo...

This study examines the Inconel 718/Ti6Al4V multi-material with a Cu and Nb interlayer produced by SLM. To achieve this, it is necessary to investigate the microstructure, the chemical and phase composition, and the hardness of the interfacial zone in the multi-material samples. Furthermore, it is necessary to determine the impact of interlayer uti...

Plain language summary Purpose—This paper examines the relationship between organizational culture and business-IT alignment moderated by digitalization based on established models from IT and management research. Methodology—Ipsative data from 450 respondents of an online questionnaire were analyzed using compositional data analysis and linear reg...

A multi-disciplinary approach of volcano-stratigraphy, petrology and geochemistry has shed light on the pre-eruptive processes, the eruptive triggering, behaviour and the architecture of the magma plumbing system during the explosive cycle of Petrazza at ca. 77–75 ka (PaleoStromboli I eruptive epoch, Stromboli). This was the largest magnitude erupt...

The work described in this article is aimed at investigating the properties of a group of Ti-Zr-Nb alloys. In modern orthopedics and traumatology, the use of materials for bone implants with a minimum modulus of elasticity is becoming increasingly important. This is due to a number of advantages that allow for better integration of the implants wit...

Contamination of water by oil-based pollutants is a major environmental problem because of its harmful impact on human life, marine life, and the environment. As a result, a wide range of materials are being investigated for the effective separation of oil from water. Among these materials, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) and their composites have...

Fatigue crack growth behavior of additively manufactured Ti metal matrix composite with TiB particles at room temperature was studied using a compact tension specimen and at the stress ratio of 0.1 (R = 0.1). The composite studied in this work was manufactured with a unique additive technique called plasma transferred arc solid free-form fabricatio...

DNA metabarcoding is a contemporary technique in diet composition studies and stands to fill key knowledge gaps left by traditional diet analysis methods. For endangered species such as the African wild dog (Lycaon pictus), the fulfilment of these knowledge gaps presents an opportunity for improved management practices and vulnerability assessments...

Besides other lignocellulose waste resulting from agriculture, spent mushroom substrate is a major concern due to the high amount of waste, usually improper disposed. Also, sand-based mortars require the use of this non-renewable and exhaustive aggregate and problems of environment protection arise. The study aims to analyze the possibilities of sa...

Three-Dimensional (3D) printing, is a creative manufacturing technique. Well-known additive manufacturing technique Fused deposition modelling (FDM), has seen an increase in ppopularity over the recent years due to its capability to make complex geometries that conventional production ways are unable to. Typically used materials in the fused deposi...

The article presents the findings of a study conducted on a range of microsilicon grades selected at the Bratsk Ferroalloy Plant. The following analytical techniques were employed: X-ray fluorescence analysis, X-ray diffraction analysis, a granulometric composition study, and pozzolanic properties. The grades of the investigated microsilicon are co...

This chapter provides an overview of the current state of medical imaging methods in body composition analysis. It advocates a holistic approach that combines the strengths of different approaches and addresses their limitations. We discuss the importance of using standardized protocols to improve the accuracy of body composition studies across pop...

A new analysis of the cognitive nature of sociology of religion is the main theme of the present article. The author of this paper also makes a comparison between cognitive - theological nature of religious sociology while giving a description of them. He presents a critical review of the views of the pioneers of classical studies of religion like...

Composite materials play a vital role in developing new materials in engineering and technology. Composites show how the properties of the matrix and reinforcement work together to create more robust, more rigid materials than would be possible from the individual components working alone. They consist of two or more component materials combined wi...

Sustainable Processing Methods: Innovative and eco-friendly manufacturing processes. Natural Fiber Composites and Their Characterization: Investigations into the properties and potential applications of natural fiber-reinforced composites. Polymer Composites: Studies on sustainable polymer matrix composites. Biocomposites and Nanocomposites: Resear...

Background Maternal preconception overweight status has been reported to be associated with an increased risk of overweight offspring. However, there are no published population-based studies on the association between maternal preconception weight and offspring body fat measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). The present population-bas...

Purpose The aim of this paper was to use Pinus pumila (Pall.) Pinecone from Northeast China to extract essential oils to inhibit Escherichia coli and improve its utilization. Methods The study used hydrodistillation to extract essential oil from Pinus pumila (Pall.) pinecone. Inhibition analysis of E.coli using extracted essential oils was evaluate...

The increasing protein demand driven by global population growth necessitates the search for an alternative protein source. Soybean meal (SM), with approximately 47–49% proteins, is a viable option. Soymeal protein isolate (SMPI) is a cost-efficient protein source with a well-balanced amino acid profile, making it suitable for addressing this deman...

The main mango cultivars produced in the southern Pacific region of Mexico are Ataulfo, Manila, Haden, and Criollo. However, mineral, nutritional, and nutraceutical composition studies are limited. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of cultivars on the nutritional, mineral, and nutraceutical qualities of mango produced in Mexico. The cultivar...

El presente estudio tiene como objetivo principal proporcionar recomendaciones de mejora al proceso de confección de una prenda por medio de un análisis cuantitativo, encontrando por qué la prenda no respeta los límites de encogimiento por medio del análisis de factores que ocasionan problemas con los estándares de calidad del cliente; así como, un...

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major chronic disease worldwide and its risk factors have long been investigating in epidemiological studies. Our study aims to develop a body composition-based risk score and integrate it into the Framingham Risk Score (FRS) to improve CVD prediction among well-functioning older adults. We included 1882 older adul...

A new SPHERE-3 telescope is being developed for cosmic rays spectrum and mass composition studies in the 5--1000~PeV energy range. Registration of extensive air showers using reflected Cherenkov light method applied in the SPHERE detector series requires a good trigger system for accurate separation of events from the background produced by starlig...

The development of Al-Ni alloys with a controlled microstructure has had a great impact on the field of study of aluminum-based alloys. In the present research, the influence of thermal parameters on the grain structures resulting from the directional solidification process of Al-Ni alloys with different alloy content has been studied. It has also...

Determining the provenience of archaeological objects relies on the so-called “provenience postulate,” namely, that sources of these objects are more compositionally distinct from each other than they are internally variable. For ceramics, it can be relatively straightforward in geologically heterogeneous environments to determine where vessels wer...

Environment-friendly polymer blends of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and itaconic acid (IA), poly(itaconic acid) (PIA), poly(itaconic acid)-co-poly(methyl itaconate) (Cop-IA), and net-poly(itaconic acid)-ν-triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (Net-IA) were performed via melt blending. The compositions studied were 0.1, 1, 3, and 10 wt% of the diverse chemic...

Monolayer MoTe2 and WTe2 within the two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) material family exhibit broad potential for application in optoelectronic devices owing to their direct band gap characteristics. In this work, upon alloying these materials into a monolayer system denoted as Mo1−xWxTe2, intriguing alterations are observed...

In this study, we present a sol–gel synthesized Fe, Cd co-doped CeO2 nanoparticles for room temperature ammonia gas detection. The synthesized samples have been characterized with various techniques such as X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscope, X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy, High-Resolution TEM analysis, Field Emission S...

Thailand is a prominent global producer of mangoes, providing a wide range of mango cultivars and dealing with the challenge of managing biomass. Thus, biorefining mango peel to extract valuable components has the potential to reduce organic waste and create a new revenue source for the mango processing sector. This study aims to examine the physio...

The mausoleum-khanaka of Khoja Akhmed Yasawi in Turkestan has been actively investigated for almost 200 years. In parallel, repair and restoration work is actively underway. However, the now widespread version of the centuries-old sequence of construction of the complex is questionable. A comparative analysis of archaeological research conducted in...

INTRODUCTION Cancer is inversely associated with cognitive impairment. Whether this is due to statistical handling of attrition (death and censoring) is unknown. METHODS We quantified associations between cancer history and incident cognitive impairment among Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study participants without baseline cognitive impairm...

Objectives We developed a novel measure for older U.S. adults called the Nutrition Equity Index (NEI), which includes functional ability. We compared both the NEI and food insufficiency with Healthy Eating Index (HEI) scores. Design The Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study is a prospective, longitudinal cohort of Medicare-eligible, community-...

Background Most older adults use medications that may increase falls, often defined as fall risk increasing drugs or “FRIDs”. Two definitions for FRIDs, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC) Stopping Elderly Accidents, Deaths & Injuries (STEADI-Rx) and Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare (SNBHW) definitions, are widely acc...

Ni-Mo superalloys have emerged as materials of choice for a diverse array of applications owing to their superior mechanical properties, exceptional corrosion and oxidation resistance, electrocatalytic behavior, and surface stability. Understanding and optimizing the surface composition of Ni-Mo alloys is critical for enhancing their performance in...

This paper demonstrates the suitability of Prompt Gamma Activation Analysis (PGAA) technique for the compositional study of ancient glass finds, illustrating this idea by presenting and commenting the chemical composition of 41 Roman glass fragments discovered in archaeological excavations at Tomis, Histria, and Beidaud, Romania. According to typol...

As teachers working with students for whom English is a second language, we consistently face numerous challenges related to language use in academic writing, particularly among graduate students in the Humanities and Social Sciences at Tribhuvan University (TU). A shared struggle of students is evident in meeting basic language requirements of the...

Extractions of cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) have always widely been carried out with non-environmentally friendly solvents. Hence, greener solvents are desired as alternative to currently used solvents. Herein, batch extractions of Nigerian CNSL with greener solvents: ethyl acetate and cyclohexane mixture in different ratios were investigated in...

Drying of mushroom up to the optimal moisture content is an important preservation technique. This research contains data of the drying kinetics, moisture sorption isotherm, and evaluation of the important functional groups of fresh and dried oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) while drying in tray dryer using hot air-drying medium. Mushrooms con...

Bamboo fibres, which are widely regarded as a contemporary environmentally sustainable resource, have been utilised in various industries including construction materials and packaging sectors. Malaysia possesses a diverse array of bamboo species, rendering it a significant resource for exploration. Five out of the 69 bamboo species discovered in M...

Introduction Salivary stones, or sialoliths, are calcified concretions that form in the salivary glands and their ducts. The formation of sialoliths follows a two-stage process: an initial stage that creates a central core through the precipitation of inorganic material mediated by organic substances, and a second stage involving the accumulation o...

The idea of the developed closed nuclear fuel cycle allows for the development of solid products fit for long-term storage in addition to the disposal of all varieties of RW. The unique quality of RW is that their relative decontamination can only be accomplished by storing them for an extended period of time to allow the radionuclides within to de...

An enrichment in nickel (Ni) or platinum group elements (PGE) is seldom observed in ores of the iron oxide–copper–gold (IOCG) type. This phenomenon is, however, known from a few deposits and prospects in the Carajás Mineral Province, Brazil. The Ni-PGE enrichment is explained, in part, by the spatial association of the IOCG-type ores with altered m...

Organic photovoltaic efficiency though currently limited for practical applications, can be improved by means of various molecular‐level modifications. Herein the role of extended donor π ${\pi }$ ‐conjugation through ethynyl‐bridged meso‐phenyl/pyridyl on the photoinduced charge‐transfer kinetics is studied in noncovalently bound Zn‐Porphyrin and...

El madrileño Antonio Pérez Olea supone un caso muy particular dentro de la nómina de profesionales españoles del cine de los años sesenta y setenta. Formado entre Madrid, París y Roma, compagina los estudios de composición y dirección musical con los de operador de cámara y realizador, logrando una versatilidad insólita que le llevará a realizar la...

Considering the high demand for innovative solutions in medicine, a major increase in interest in biomaterials research has been noticed, with the most significant advancements in metals and their alloys. Titanium-based alloys are one of the most recognised in the scientific community but do not represent the only way to achieve optimal results. Zi...

This study is focused on the evaluation of the geophagic characteristics of the sedimentary clay deposits at Share and Tshonga areas, northern Bida Basin, Nigeria. The methods used include particle size distribution, cation exchange capacity (CEC), acidity and alkalinity (pH), X-ray diffractometry, and bulk inorganic geochemical analysis (X-ray flu...

Lipid droplets (LDs) are known to be involved in the invasion and migration of breast cancer (BC) cells. This study aimed to identify LD-associated genes as prognostic markers in BC through comprehensive literature research and integration with lipid composition studies in BC cell lines. The GEPIA platform was used to analyze the differential expre...

This paper provides a thorough examination of the recycling process for solar panels and the environmentally-friendly disposal of photovoltaic (PV) elements. By combining experimental data synthesis and a thorough analysis of literature, many important conclusions may be drawn about the makeup of solar panels, the effectiveness of recycling photovo...

Phase change materials (PCM) have greatly contributed to optics with applications ranging from rewritable memories to smart windows. This is possible thanks to the variation in optical properties that PCMs undergo upon thermally‐induced phase change. However, this behavior is accompanied by a loss of optical transparency in one (or more) of their p...

This study examines the process of using injection moulding to join two different materials to manufacture bi-component moulded products with improved performance characteristics. The two-component process, which combines the advantages of two different technologies—the high efficiency of the injection moulding process and the excellent mechanical...

Monolayers of Ti and TiN coatings, as well as a Ti/TiN bilayer coating, were deposited on AISI M2 steel substrates using the PVD cathodic arc technique. The coatings had a thickness close to 5 μm and an average roughness between 98.6 and 110.1 μm due to the presence of microdroplets on the surface. The crystalline structure of the materials was ana...

Determining the provenience of archaeological objects relies on the so-called “provenience postulate,” namely, that sources of these objects are more compositionally distinct from each other than they are internally variable. For ceramics, it can be relatively straight forward in geologically heterogeneous environments to determine where vessels we...

Background and Objectives Fall injuries are prevalent in older adults, yet whether higher spending occurs after nonfracture (NFFI) and fracture is unknown. We examined whether incident fall injuries, including NFFI and fractures, were associated with higher Medicare spending in 12 months after incident events in older adults. Research Design and M...

We report neutron diffraction measurements of Ca$_{0.6}$Sr$_{0.4}$MnSb$_2$, a low-carrier-density Dirac semimetal in which the antiferromagnetic Mn layers are interleaved with Sb layers that host Dirac fermions. We have discovered that we can detect a good quality inelastic spin wave signal from a small (m ~ 0.28 g) single crystal sample by the dif...

The unique landform of Danxia and the resulting landscape have become significant tourism resources. To fully utilize these resources, a comprehensive investigation has been conducted on geological and ecological disasters in the Danxia area. Through experiments on rock and soil samples, as well as X-ray diffraction mineral composition studies of D...

Background Olfactory impairment is common in older adults and may be associated with adverse cardiovascular health; however, empirical evidence is sparse. We examined olfaction in relation to the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, and congestive heart failure (CHF). Methods and Results This study included 2537 older adults (aged 75.6±2....