Communism - Science topic

Nicola, I don't know it. I don't work in pharmaceuticals or medicine. I work in intellectual property.

I think you'd be better finding Russian researchers who work in psychiatry.

Best regards,

Marina

Moisés Romanazzi Torres No problem sir

The theory of Red Socialism (or Communism/Marxist Socialism) is based on the assumption that by eliminating class differences, the state can achieve comprehensive economic equality and social welfare. This philosophy promises to achieve a society without exploitation and without the gap between rich and poor through nationalization, planned economy and class struggle.

Dear Nada Benajiba

Not sure why they do not respond. All I see is that the journal “Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine” is a relatively small journal (with limited resources).

SCIMago (and their legit DOAJ membership) refers to the following homepage

https://www.mjphm.org.my/mjphm/ (which does not seems updated).

Another website leads to https://mjphm.org/index.php/mjphm (which seems to be the ‘new’ website). Their Scopus indexing looks legit https://www.scopus.com/sourceid/21100211350

Back to your question, looking at previous volumes https://mjphm.org/index.php/mjphm/issue/archive I see that Volume 24 No. 3 is missing. Volume 23 No. 3 was only published somewhere in Januari 2024 so I guess the missing number 3 issue will be published somewhere in the coming weeks.

I am afraid that being patient is all you can do.

Best regards.

PS. The thing is that this journal has no “article in press” or another ‘online version’ before the final version (with volume, issue and page numbers) is published. This means that regardless when the paper is accepted after publishing volume 24 No. 2 it will only show when the No. 3 issue is published on their website.

The cynical, and all too often accurate, answer is: they change to follow the money! Most science requires substantial funds to pay for the equipment & personnel required for serious research, so funding institutions, like the NSF & NIH in the United States, plus private corporations and private foundations and other government agencies have great control over WHAT gets studied and HOW by controlling the flow of money, choosing between funding this & funding that.

selecting a proper and precise research topic is the first most important thing in research.

To select the topic, you can seek guidance from this.

This will help you achieve your goals.

Many academic institutions around the world have already integrated climate change topics into their curricula, and this trend is expected to continue and expand. The inclusion of climate change education often begins at the primary and secondary levels, where students gain a basic understanding of the science behind climate change, its causes, and its potential impacts. At the higher education level, climate change is increasingly being covered in a broad range of disciplines, from environmental science and geography to economics, engineering, political science, sociology, and even business programs.

As climate change continues to be a defining issue of the 21st century, the integration of climate-related content into academic curricula is poised not only to grow but to evolve. New research findings, policy developments, and technological innovations will continually refine how the topic is taught, ensuring that students are prepared with up-to-date knowledge and skills to address one of the most pressing global challenges.

Thank you for taking the time to write Kaddijatou.

Respectfully yours;

Lucio

شكرا جزبلا على التفاعل اعتقد أن الموازنة بين الربح الاقتصادي والمحافظة على الاستدامة البيئية والاجتماعية يمكن أن يتم عبر تفعيل ما ترتكز عليه المقاربة التشاركية والديموقراطية من مبادئ أساسية

Dear

l don't mind

Here’s a concise and professional response suitable for ResearchGate:

Gross nitrogen (N) mineralization is typically higher under oxic conditions than anoxic conditions due to the greater efficiency of aerobic microbial processes in breaking down organic matter. In anoxic conditions, microbial activity slows significantly, leading to reduced mineralization rates.

While the exact ratio varies depending on soil type, organic matter content, and environmental conditions, studies have reported that oxic mineralization rates can be 2–5 times higher than those under anoxic conditions. For example, in some tropical soils, oxic rates were observed to be 3–4 times greater.

Regarding ammonium (NH₄⁺), mean residence time tends to be longer under anoxic conditions due to the suppression of nitrification, which relies on oxygen. This highlights the critical role of oxygen availability in regulating nitrogen cycling processes in soils.

For further reading, you might find studies like Chen et al. (2015) or Davidson & Galloway (2004) insightful, as they explore N cycling dynamics under varying oxygen levels.

Please note that you wrote to the ResearchGate community, not to the RG team. However, you will find the answer in https://help.researchgate.net/hc/en-us/articles/14293044585745-ResearchGate-DOIs: RG assigns DOIs only to unpublished research. You will find another possibility to get a DOI in this discussion: https://www.researchgate.net/post/How_to_generate_an_DOI_for_publications/1

"Far left countries are more likely to have heavily related social and fiscal issues. Far right countries are more likely to have heavily related social and fiscal issues." ????

Hi Stuti! Please, check this tutorial created by Kwaja Fawad about categorical independent variables https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bpx5gWfjHmQ

Thank you for raising this question. The topic of inselbergs is very important, and there may be previous studies that have addressed this subject at a global level or within the Neotropical region. You can search in scientific websites for useful information on this topic. I wish I could provide more help, but I don't know much in this field.

Best regards

Heey Ayaz Mahsud

It's hard to come up with a general recipe for ORR calculations without knowing the 'boundary conditions.' To properly account for the free energy change for each ORR step, it is important to know which material you're working with. For example, is it magnetic? Is it 2D-like? Does it have strongly correlated electrons, f-electrons, etc.? Each of these material types will require specific VASP tags to account for key properties. Failing to properly model the properties of the material's surface will lead to inaccurate (unrealistic) results. So, I have done OER calculations on Co-decorated Pt, and for that, I had to enable the magnetism-related VASP tags to properly accommodate the magnetization contribution of the Co atoms.

Are you aware of these things and just need to know how to obtain the one-set potential?

Best,

Gabriel Vinicius

which imaging modality you want to work with?

Dear Ahmad Alsuwaidi

The conference is most likely a predatory one. The conference info (on the right) https://globalcatalysiscongress.com/venue/ mentions Biocore a publisher mentioned in the Beall’s list https://beallslist.net (their website is not existing anymore, the same as you click on Biocore journals at the conference website).

-Biocore is also mentioned here https://www.evscienceconsultant.com/blog/predatory-meetings-and-how-to-avoid-them

-Contact info renders no real office in London, most likely fake

-See also http://flakyj.blogspot.com/2018/05/biocore.html

-Looking in detail at the conference info https://globalcatalysiscongress.com/speakers/ I found that the first four speakers are experts in vaccines which has nothing to do with the scope of this conference (I am almost 100% sure that these people are not aware that they are mentioned here)

-Etc.

I think it is not so much a fake conference (I think it will actually take place) but the scientific relevance is questionable. These people focus on making money and are not interested in serving science.

Personally, I would avoid this one.

Frontiers in chemistry https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/chemistry is a legit and genuine journal. The publisher Frontiers Media S.A. https://www.frontiersin.org is a publisher fully dedicated to open access publishing and because of this to some suspect. Personally, a disagree but see for opinions about this publisher for example

https://www.researchgate.net/post/Is_Frontiers_in_Political_Science_a_predatory_journal/1 and in particular my reply of April 8th 2022

https://www.researchgate.net/post/The_review_system_of_the_Frontier_in_xxx_journals my reply of July 19th2021

In general, it is always good to ‘diversities’ the journals you publish in but having a publication in a journal like Frontiers in Chemistry is a nice addition in everyone’s CV.

Best regards.

All evaluations are research but not all research is evaluation. Evaluation examines the effectiveness and efficiency of a practice--standard research tools can be used. A judgment about values is the end goal. Research does not have to be evaluative: DEEP is a general framework of four research purposes: descriptive, exploratory, explanatory, and predictive.

Hello, thank you very much

Somayeh Norouzi Walktrap algorithm is a suitable method for community detection based on random steps, in which the distance between vertices is measured through random steps in the network.

Yes, Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are very useful in layout planning, zoning, and community planning. Specifically, GIS can help in the following areas:

Layout planning: GIS can provide accurate geographic data for the layout of infrastructure and buildings, supporting designers and planners to optimize space utilization. Through the analysis of multi-dimensional data such as topography, transportation networks, and population distribution, GIS helps determine the optimal location and spatial arrangement of buildings.

Zoning Planning: GIS can be used to create zoning maps that specify the use of each area (e.g. residential, commercial, industrial). Planners can use GIS to analyze land use, traffic flow, environmental impacts, etc., to ensure that zoning plans are in line with urban development goals and environmental requirements.

Community planning: GIS can help planners understand the population density, resource distribution, and environmental impacts of a community so that they can design a more humanized community layout. For example, it can analyze the distribution of public service facilities such as green areas, schools, hospitals, etc., optimize the location of these facilities, and improve the quality of life of residents.

Through these applications, GIS can provide comprehensive data support and analytical tools for urban and regional planning, ensuring more scientific and rational planning solutions.

Before you embark on this project, I suggest that you acquaint yourself with some of the concerns that many researchers have with heuristic and meta-heuristic algorithms. In short, there have been literally dozens of algorithms that claim to be novel but on closer scrutiny have been found to be variations on well-known, established algorithms.

This paper by Kenneth Sörensen is available here on ResearchGate:

Metaheuristics -- the metaphor exposed

Good luck with your research!

Leo.

Sounds like an exam question to me.

There also services offering Edman degradation sequencing, however, they seem to become increasingly superseeded by Mass spec based sequencing.

Googling "Protein Sequencing Services" will list both types of sequencing services,

e.g

https://www.creative-proteomics.com/proteinseq/edman-based-protein-sequencing.htm.

for Edman sequencing

Some may be interested in the food for thoughts found in this article, related to the question:

Thank you for your comment and I agree that the term is to be understood as a complex network of relationships. But it also is used in talking about the ethnos/ethnoi (tribes or nations), and the genos (or race) of humanity as such. Thus, given that range, would terms like community and society surely fall under that umbrella?

Tolulope O. Adeyemi

Again - this was your original question. I do not understand your last post. Why did you ask?

I think the political system or state capacity is a crucial background factor to this issue. For example, the Chinese government play an overarching role in the society. In COVID-19 pandemic, it can easily impose quarantine measures without much engagement with the residents.

Jacques Chirac, the president of France in the previous years, believed that: we are proud to recognize the thinkers of the European society and invite them quarterly. To listen to the problems of today's society and ask them to solve those problems. Scientific and comprehensive management does not need to master all scientific disciplines. The miracle of management science is that it uses expert human resources to solve society's problems. Hobbes also used his friend Galileo's geometric methods to solve social problems in the past centuries. The health of the society is in knowing the wise and philosopher people as well as the leaders of the society. Of course, we must also know the difference between a manager and a leader.

Hello Manik Das

You can get the number of hydrogen bonds with the help of partial charges and distances. In this regard, MolQube.com, a pioneer in the field of computational chemistry, can help you. Email them: info@molqube.com

I am interested in establishing a presence a full cite for our Community of Practice, SIMIODE – Systemic Initiative for Modeling Investigations and Opportunities with Differential Equations, at https://qubeshub.org/community/groups/simiode. How does one do this?

Brian Winkel, Director@simiode.org

Siriporn Sasakul Dental fluorosis can be prevented at the community level by creating awareness about the risks of drinking untreated groundwater. We should encourage the use of efficient filtration processes. Specifically, we should advise parents to restrict children under 10 years old, especially those under 8, from drinking groundwater with high fluoride content to help protect the next generation from fluorosis.

@Paul Soil microflora contribute to soil carbon sequestration and greenhouse gas mitigation through:

- Decomposition of organic matter and humification, storing carbon in soil

- Production of glomalin, a soil protein that binds soil particles and protects carbon

- Stimulation of plant growth, increasing carbon inputs through roots and residues, and reducing atmospheric CO2 through photosynthesis.

To calculate water mass density in g/cm³ over distance using cpptraj:

Adjust the density command options for specific requirements.

The Affordable Connectivity Program (ACP) has helped many by providing subsidies for internet access, improving digital inclusion. Bulk tablets from a similar program could benefit businesses by facilitating digital access for employees or clients, potentially enhancing productivity and engagement.

To create a community of practice (CoP) for ESL students, consider the following:

Thank you for raising this insightful question about the distinctions between Community Health and Public Health. I would like to provide some perspective on this topic.

Public Health and Community Health are complementary fields, each playing crucial roles in promoting health and well-being but differing in scope, focus areas, and methodologies.

Public Health:

Scope: Public health operates on a macro level, encompassing a wide array of activities aimed at enhancing the health of populations on a national or global scale. It involves policy development, health education, disease prevention, and health promotion. Public health professionals engage in research to understand health trends and develop strategies to address emerging health issues.

Focus Areas: Key areas include epidemic control, health policy development, environmental health, and global health initiatives. Public health efforts often aim to reduce health disparities, improve healthcare systems, and promote health equity. This field is heavily influenced by epidemiological research, which provides data-driven insights to guide policy and intervention strategies.

Community Health:

Scope: Community health, on the other hand, is more focused and localized. It targets specific communities or populations within a larger society, addressing health needs and challenges unique to those groups. Community health practitioners work at the grassroots level, often tailoring interventions to the cultural, social, and economic contexts of the communities they serve.

Focus Areas: This includes community health education, local health programs, and ensuring access to healthcare services. Community health initiatives often address prevalent health issues within the community, such as chronic diseases, mental health conditions, and access to preventive services. Practitioners work directly with individuals and groups, fostering trust and collaboration to improve health outcomes.

Interconnectedness: While public health provides the overarching framework and resources necessary for broad-scale health improvements, community health ensures that these resources are effectively utilized at the local level. For instance, public health research might identify mental health disparities across a country, while community health initiatives develop and implement targeted interventions to address these disparities within specific communities.

Example in Mental Health and Psychiatry:

In my field of mental health and psychiatry, public health efforts might focus on national mental health policies, large-scale epidemiological studies, and broad mental health promotion campaigns. Community health initiatives, however, would implement these policies and findings at the community level, providing localized mental health services, conducting community-specific mental health education programs, and addressing barriers to mental health care access in underserved areas.

Both public health and community health are essential in creating a holistic and effective health system. Public health sets the stage for broad health improvements, while community health ensures these improvements reach and benefit all populations, particularly those at the grassroots level. Their synergy is crucial for achieving comprehensive health and well-being for all.

Thank you for this engaging discussion. I look forward to hearing more thoughts and perspectives on this topic.

Thanks for this comment I really appreciate.

### Academic Proposal: Transformation of Language Identity among the Gurung Community

#### Title

**Transformation of Language Identity among the Gurung Community: A Sociolinguistic Study**

#### Abstract

This proposal outlines a research project aimed at exploring the transformation of language identity among the Gurung community in Nepal. The study will examine the socio-cultural, economic, and political factors influencing language use and identity among the Gurungs, and how these transformations affect the preservation and transmission of their linguistic heritage.

#### Introduction

The Gurung community, one of the indigenous groups in Nepal, has a rich linguistic and cultural heritage. However, like many minority languages, the Gurung language faces challenges due to modernization, migration, and the dominance of Nepali and English. This study aims to investigate how these factors influence the language identity of the Gurung people and what measures can be taken to preserve their linguistic heritage.

#### Research Questions

1. What are the main factors contributing to the transformation of language identity among the Gurung community?

2. How do socio-economic changes influence language use and preference in the Gurung community?

3. What role does education play in the transformation of language identity among the Gurung people?

4. How do the Gurung people perceive the future of their language?

5. What measures can be taken to preserve and promote the Gurung language?

#### Literature Review

The literature review will cover:

- Sociolinguistic theories on language identity and language shift (Fishman, 1991; Edwards, 2009).

- Case studies on language preservation among indigenous communities (Hinton, 2013; Grenoble & Whaley, 2006).

- Historical and contemporary studies on the Gurung community and their language (Levine, 1987; Glover, 1974).

#### Methodology

**1. Research Design**

- **Qualitative Approach**: The study will employ a qualitative approach to gain in-depth insights into the transformation of language identity among the Gurungs.

**2. Data Collection**

- **Interviews**: Semi-structured interviews with Gurung community members, including elders, adults, and youths, to understand their perspectives on language use and identity.

- **Focus Groups**: Conduct focus group discussions with different age groups to explore collective views on language transformation.

- **Participant Observation**: Observe language use in various social settings such as homes, schools, and community gatherings.

**3. Sampling**

- **Purposive Sampling**: Select participants who can provide rich information related to the research questions. This includes community leaders, teachers, students, and parents.

**4. Data Analysis**

- **Thematic Analysis**: Identify and analyze themes related to language identity transformation using qualitative data analysis software (e.g., NVivo).

#### Expected Outcomes

- A comprehensive understanding of the factors influencing language identity among the Gurung community.

- Insights into the impact of socio-economic and educational changes on language use.

- Recommendations for preserving and promoting the Gurung language.

#### Significance of the Study

This study will contribute to the field of sociolinguistics by providing a detailed case study of language identity transformation in a minority community. It will also offer practical recommendations for policymakers, educators, and community leaders to support language preservation efforts.

#### Timeline

- **Months 1-2**: Literature review and research design finalization.

- **Months 3-5**: Data collection (interviews, focus groups, participant observation).

- **Months 6-7**: Data analysis.

- **Months 8-9**: Writing and revising the research report.

- **Month 10**: Submission of the final report and dissemination of findings.

#### Budget

- **Travel and Accommodation**: $2,000

- **Interview Transcription and Translation**: $1,500

- **Qualitative Data Analysis Software**: $500

- **Miscellaneous Expenses**: $500

- **Total**: $4,500

#### References

- Edwards, J. (2009). *Language and Identity: An Introduction*. Cambridge University Press.

- Fishman, J. A. (1991). *Reversing Language Shift: Theoretical and Empirical Foundations of Assistance to Threatened Languages*. Multilingual Matters.

- Grenoble, L. A., & Whaley, L. J. (2006). *Saving Languages: An Introduction to Language Revitalization*. Cambridge University Press.

- Hinton, L. (2013). *Bringing Our Languages Home: Language Revitalization for Families*. Heyday.

- Levine, N. E. (1987). *Cattle and the Cash Economy: The Adaptation of the Gurung*. Human Organization, 46(3), 268-274.

- Glover, W. W. (1974). *The Gurungs of Nepal: A Study in Social Dynamics*. Ratna Pustak Bhandar.

### Appendices

- **Appendix A**: Interview Guide

- **Appendix B**: Focus Group Discussion Guide

- **Appendix C**: Observation Checklist

This proposal provides a structured approach to understanding and documenting the transformation of language identity among the Gurung community, offering both academic insights and practical solutions for language preservation.### Academic Proposal: Transformation of Language Identity among the Gurung Community

Using the rbcL gene for studying the river planktonic diatom community is acceptable and can be effective, especially if the 18S V4 primers are not providing reliable results. Ensure thorough validation and optimization of your protocols to obtain accurate and consistent data.

Wish you the best of luck

Experiences of nurses providing palliative care at home are rich and complex, including:

These experiences reflect the challenges and achievements of nurses providing palliative care in the home setting, emphasizing the importance of a compassionate and dedicated approach to assisting patients and families during their most challenging times.

The pesticides which are suitable to environment are bio pesticides along with IPM practices and farmers income will be increasing by optimal usage of pesticides. Organic farming with IPM give best yields one or more pesticides introduction when necessary will play a optimum or higher yield in agri farming community with improved version of soil wealth. Pesticides always harmful to environmental health as well as soil health.

Do you have a Needs Assessment, Gap Analysis, Learner Analysis, Community Discourse Analysis, or something else that provides information about what a specific community might need? If you want to skip past all that, I'd be happy with a centralized goal with "we'll know we've gotten there when we've reached when x observable event occurs to y extent in z context" information attached.

AI can't generate something, it can only collect information from the surrounding websites. AI will help in collecting information, a researcher will analyse those information. AI will help a researcher to avoid duplication.

The same help is available for a paid or unpaid journal also.

Statistical analysis is a different aspect of research. What statistical test is applicable to what type of data set or what type of software are available, AI will be helpful. But it is a researcher to do it and discuss the results.

Md Foysal Ahmed

Guidelines for a Successful R&D Career:

1. Common Pitfalls to Avoid:

- Publication Pressure: Avoid prioritizing quantity over quality.

- Isolation: Engage in collaborative projects and networking.

- Poor Time Management: Balance research, writing, and personal life effectively.

2. Practices for Success:

- Continuous Learning:Stay updated with latest research and methodologies.

- Networking: Attend conferences, join research groups, and seek mentors.

- Publishing:Aim for high-impact journals and peer-reviewed conferences.

- Communication Skills:Develop skills in presenting and writing research.

3. Personal Experiences:

- Successes:Networking led to valuable collaborations and insights.

- Failures:Overcommitting to projects taught the importance of focus and priority setting.

- Lessons: Persistence and resilience are crucial; learn from feedback and rejections.

You may get quite a good information by referring to the preprint article available at link; http://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.23849.40808

The rapid pace of technological development and its significant impact on educational workflows over the past year have underscored the increasing importance of this topic. The community of practice is essential to support teachers and education systems worldwide in adapting to advanced technologies, ensuring academic integrity, and meeting societal demands. Moreover, with the advent of new technological capabilities, we are advancing toward personalized learning environments that can be customized by both teachers and students. This new phenomenon further emphasizes the critical role of communities of practice in fostering collaboration, knowledge sharing, and continuous professional development in the education sector.

"We should aim to shape a future where transnational education serves as a catalyst for positive change, fostering collaboration, understanding, and innovation on a global scale.

Embracing transnational education is not merely a response to the challenges of the digital age but a proactive strategy to foster global citizenship and drive innovation in higher education. The goal is to prepare students, who are the next generation of leaders, scholars, and global citizens, to thrive in an increasingly interconnected world..."

EFA is less restrictive than CFA, as EFA allows all of the crossloadings. In contrast, most if not all crossloadings are typically fixed to zero in CFA. It is therefore rather typical for CFA to fit worse than EFA.

In terms of sample size, N = 140 is rather on the low side for both EFA and CFA. If anything, such a low sample size would typically result in a lack of statistical power to detect model misfit. Therefore, if you see misfit, I would definitely pay attention to it, especially in a small sample.

We are talking here about a weighted coefficient, about a relative coverage. That is, the sum of all parts equals 100%. Therefore, using your example, if there are three species in the plot, with the first covering 10% of the plot and the second and third covering 20% each, you should use the following weighted coefficients:

For the first species: 10% / 100% = 0.1 For the second species: 20% / 100% = 0.2 For the third species: 20% / 100% = 0.2

So each species is weighted based on its relative contribution to the total (100%) coverage of the plot. Just do the SUM of it. I hope this helps.

I would gladly read some stories about a darker side of Big Tech practices, including anticompetitive and blocking behaviours to ‘protect their innovation’ and especially market share granted by the network effects. There are just too many case studies about the apparent and alleged success of particular companies that make me thinking that we are living in the candylandia of unicorns. The content, of course, depends solely on your sponsors and editorial policies.

Forensics- human identification, Age estimation, Diagnosis of diseases -histopathological correlations- image analysis, Telemedicine or Teledentistry - that can be implemented to prevent dental diseases and drug designing and Many more.....AI will revolutionize medical field

The design of tourism-focused public spaces can have various impacts on local communities, both positive and negative. Here are some ways in which it can affect them:

Overall, the design of tourism-focused public spaces can significantly influence the well-being, economy, and social fabric of local communities. It is essential to consider the needs, preferences, and concerns of residents while planning and designing these spaces to ensure that they benefit both locals and visitors alike.

Hi James, maybe have a look at how the UNWTO looks at sustainable development in tourism and decide for certain aspects:

Sustainable development (unwto.org)

Kind regards

Buenas tardes. Experiencia: logré asignar un DOI en preprint en Research Gate siguiendo los pasos de ésta plataforma para unos de los artículos de los estudiantes, esperamos tener obervaciones en la plataforma. No la obtuvimos, así que lo postulamos para la publicación en una revista de nuestro medio, en la cual siguió el proceso normal de revisión de pares para la publicación con lo cual se asignó un DOI final.

Me queda la duda si debemos eliminar el DOI inicial del preprint de Research Gate y eliminar los archivos de ésta plataforma y unicamente presentar el DOI y versión final de la publicación en la revista.

Saludos cordiales

Thank you for help

Several policies have been implemented to provide housing options for senior citizens in the United States of America. These policies aim to improve the quality of life for seniors by ensuring that they have access to safe, affordable, and appropriate housing options. This essay will discuss three policies that have successfully provided good housing options for senior citizens. The first example is the Section 202 Supportive Housing for the Elderly program, created by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) in 1959. This program provides funding for developing affordable housing units specifically designed for seniors. The program also offers rental assistance to low-income seniors, making the housing even more affordable. According to a National Low Income Housing Coalition (NLIHC) study, the Section 202 program has successfully provided safe and affordable housing to nearly 400,000 low-income seniors (NLIHC, 2021). The program has also been praised for its focus on creating supportive communities for seniors, with services such as meal delivery and transportation assistance. Another policy that has successfully provided good housing options for seniors is the single-room occupancy (SRO) housing program. This program was first launched in the 1950s and was designed explicitly for low-income elderly individuals. SRO housing offers small, affordable units with shared kitchen and bathroom facilities. The program has successfully provided affordable housing options for seniors and promoted a sense of community among the residents. A study by the Joint Center for Housing Studies at Harvard University found that SRO housing has effectively reduced housing cost burdens for seniors and improved their overall well-being (Joint Center for Housing Studies, 2018). The third example is the Housing and Community Development Act of 1974, which created the Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) program. This program funds local governments to address various community needs, including affordable housing for seniors. The CDBG program has successfully promoted the development of high-quality, affordable housing for seniors in many communities across the U.S. For example, the City of New York has utilized CDBG funding to create a senior housing development with 355 affordable units and on-site services such as healthcare and social activities (NYC Department of Housing Preservation and Development, 2021). This program has also been praised for its flexibility, as local governments have the autonomy to determine the best use of funding based on their community's needs. These three examples demonstrate effective policies that have provided good housing options for senior citizens. These policies have increased the availability of affordable housing for seniors and focused on creating supportive and inclusive communities for them. Additionally, these policies have been continuously evaluated and updated to meet the aging population's changing needs. These examples highlight the importance of implementing policies that address the housing needs of senior citizens. Through the Section 202 program, SRO housing, and the CDBG program, the government has provided safe, affordable, and supportive housing options for seniors. These policies have improved seniors' quality of life and positively impacted their overall well-being. Policymakers must continue to prioritize and invest in programs that support the housing needs of senior citizens to ensure they can age in place with dignity and security.

References:

Joint Center for Housing Studies. (2018). Housing America's Older Adults. Retrieved from https://www.jchs.harvard.edu/research-areas/reports/housing-americas-older-adults#SRO

National Low Income Housing Coalition. (2021). Federal Program: Housing Opportunities for Low-Income Seniors and Older Adults. Retrieved from https://nlihc.org/federal-programs/housing-opportunities-low-income-seniors-and-older-adults

NYC Department of Housing Preservation and Development. (2021). Community Development Block Grant Program. Retrieved from https://www1.nyc.gov/site/hpd/developers/community-development-block-grant-cdbg-program.page

@Latinya Channer

It can be difficult to pinpoint a single researcher on this topic because the church-community relationship is a vast field of study. However, there are several prominent scholars who have done significant work in this area. Here are some names to get you started:

Donald Miller: Miller is a sociologist who has written extensively about the changing nature of religion in America, including the decline in church attendance and the growing disconnect between churches and their communities. His book "Demolishing the Myth" explores these themes.

Stephen L. Nock: Nock is another sociologist whose research focuses on the relationship between religion and civil society. His book "The Social Benefits of Religion" examines the positive impact that religious institutions can have on communities.

Rodney Stark: Stark, a sociologist of religion, takes a more positive view of the church-community relationship. He argues that churches play a vital role in social capital and community development. His book "City of God" delves into this perspective.

Robert Putnam: Putnam, a political scientist, is best known for his book "Bowling Alone, which explores the decline of social capital in America. While not solely focused on churches, his work is relevant to understanding the changing role of religious institutions in communities.

Evelyn and James Whitehead: This husband-and-wife team are sociologists who have studied the Black Church and its role in African American communities. Their work, such as "Religion in the African-American Experience", highlights the unique dynamics of faith-based institutions within specific cultural contexts.

In addition to these individual scholars, there are also research institutions that focus on religion and its role in society. Here are a couple of examples:

The Pew Research Center: This nonpartisan research organization frequently conducts surveys and studies on religion and public life, including the relationship between churches and communities. You can find their relevant reports on their website.

The Hartford Institute for Religion Research: This institute at Hartford Seminary in Connecticut conducts research on a variety of topics related to religion, including its role in civic life and social change. Explore their website for resources.

This is not an exhaustive list, but it should give you a good starting point for your research into the church-community relationship, its potential disconnect, and strategies for rebuilding connections.

Dear Doctor

to Express Gratitude to our RG Followers is through reading their novel contributions, answering their questions, and offer support via recommend and follow their works. In addition, we can offer advices as possible among each other. ResearchGate is a nice community and gratitude through these offerings is making this community be like sun beams that shine the academic world.

Thanks for sharing. Wishing you every success in your task.

Hi Shahid,

Are you using GETVRM to access the strains?

Regards,

Simon