Colorectal Cancer Screening - Science topic

Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks third in terms of global cancer prevalence and is the second most common cause of cancer-related mortality. Although CRC rates are decreasing in the United States, inequalities still exist despite the effectiveness of invasive screening methods, such as colonoscopy, flexible sigmoidoscopy, and computed tomography (CT)...

A needed (r)evolution to improve colorectal cancer screening: binding patient-centered/shared decision-making medicine with large language models in an emerging knowledge society

Background One factor considered essential to successful implementation is organizational readiness. The purpose of this study was to explore ways to improve the measurement of organizational readiness, and in particular to refine a preliminary measure based on the Readiness = Motivation x innovation Specific Capacity x General Capacity (R = MC2) h...

Introduction Colonoscopy screening has been suggested as a potential primary screening method for colorectal cancer (CRC). A 10-year screening interval has been recommended by some academic societies, but the scientific evidence for this needs to be more comprehensive. We performed a systematic review of interval cancer rates in colonoscopy screeni...

Introduction The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends population-based cancer screening programs for colorectal cancer (CRC). However, CRC screening is not available in Chile´s public health system. The Arturo Lopez Perez Foundation (FALP) is interested in implementing a CRC screening program for their insurance beneficiaries, despite some un...

Introduction The effectiveness and cost saving advantages of colorectal cancer (CRC) screening have gained widespread scientific consensus. However, the rising incidence of early-onset CRC has challenged Germany’s current screening program, which focuses on individuals aged 50 years or older. This study evaluated the potential cost effectiveness of...

Objectives In two large university affiliated healthcare systems, we examined trends in colorectal cancer (CRC) screening both prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic to compare the trends in non-invasive screening tests and colonoscopy. Materials and methods In this retrospective time-trend analysis, we obtained the numbers of colonoscopies and...

Patients with mental illnesses adhere to organized cancer screening programs less frequently than the general population. This systematic review aims to examine the literature to identify studies that evaluate interventions designed to increase cancer screening adherence in people with mental disorders. The review protocol was registered (CRD420245...

Importance Research indicates that social drivers of health are associated with cancer screening adherence, although the exact magnitude of these associations remains unclear. Objective To investigate the associations between individual-level social risks and nonadherence to guideline-recommended cancer screenings. Design, Setting, and Participan...

Background Increase in early onset colorectal cancer makes adherence to screening a significant public health concern, with various social determinants playing a crucial role in its incidence, diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes. Stressful life events, such as divorce, marriage, or sudden loss of job, have a unique position among the social determin...

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer among men and women combined, and the second leading cause of cancer death in the US. The revised USPSTF CRC screening recommendations increased CRC screening needs across health systems, which may create particular challenges for community health centers (CHCs) given their resource constraint...

Introduction: Colorectal cancer (CRC), the most common cancer among Saudi men, is a significant health concern. This study explored how beliefs and sociodemographic factors influenced screening behaviors in individuals aged 45–74 in Al-Kharj. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study, conducted in Al-Kharj in May and June 2024, used a web-bas...

Background: Mobile phone SMS text message reminders have shown moderate effects in improving participation rates in ongoing colorectal cancer screening programs. Objective: This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of SMS text messages as a replacement for routine postal reminders in a fecal immunochemical test–based colorectal cancer screening...

Background: In Lao PDR, colorectal cancer (CRC) is a significant public health concern, accounting for 8.5% of all cancer cases and ranking as the fourth most common cancer in the country. Colonoscopy emerges as the gold standard for CRC screening. The quality of a colonoscopy is critical to achieving positive patient outcome. Key quality indicator...

Background The colorectal cancer mortality rate in China has exceeded that in many developing countries and is expected to further increase owing to multiple factors, including the aging population. However, the optimal policy for colorectal cancer screening is unknown. Methods We synthesized the most up-to-date data using a 12-state Markov model...

Colonoscopy is a valuable tool for colorectal cancer screening and health checkups, with increasing utilization annually. Assisted entry is a standard procedure during electronic colonoscopy. In China, most clinically assisted colonoscopy procedures involve a nurse directly applying abdominal pressure to the patient’s abdomen. This maneuver provide...

Background Recent increases in colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence and mortality under age 50 have led the US to recommend starting screening at age 45 years instead of 50. Several other countries are now also reconsidering the age to start CRC screening. Aims To aid decision makers in making an informed decision about lowering the starting age of C...

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is among the four cancers with the highest incidence and mortality in Colombia. CRC screening is currently recommended in national guidelines starting at age 50. The American Cancer Society has suggested beginning screening at age 45. Objectives: To estimate the cost-utility ratio of initiating CRC screening at a...

Cutaneous metastases from colorectal cancer are an uncommon but critical finding, typically signaling advanced disease with poor prognosis. This case report describes a 64-year-old woman with a limited past medical history who presented to our outpatient dermatology practice with rapidly spreading erythematous, indurated, and nearly verruciform pla...

Upper age limits are currently fixed for all fecal immunochemical test (FIT)‐based colorectal cancer (CRC) screening programs. A risk‐stratified upper age limit may be beneficial. Therefore, we assessed differences in interval CRC risk among individuals who had reached the upper age limit of screening (75 years). Individuals with a negative FIT (<4...

BACKGROUND: South Africa has the highest number of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients in sub-Saharan Africa, with the CRC projected new cases at 8 000 per 100 000 population by 2030. Screening assists with the early detection and control of cancer. This study determined knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) related to CRC among Health Care Workers...

Objective Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening programmes have been implemented worldwide, but the evidence of the economic consequences of screening programmes relies on data from short-term trials. The aim of this paper was to describe the costs of CRC screening in a population-based screening programme, using administrative real-world data. Specifi...

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening rates remain disproportionately low among Hispanic and Latino populations. While artificial intelligence (AI) has shown promise in healthcare delivery, its impact on health equity remains unclear. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of a bilingual generative AI voice agent outreach program in engag...

The Canadian Screening for Colorectal Cancer Research Network (CanSCCRN) recently set out to develop a national CRC screening research agenda and identify priority research areas. The specific objectives were to (1) identify evidence gaps relevant to CRC screening and the barriers and facilitators to evidence generation and uptake by CRC screening...

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a significant global health concern, ranking second among women and third among men in cancer diagnoses worldwide. In Saudi Arabia, CRC has been the most prevalent cancer in men since 2002. Despite rising incidence rates, public awareness and understanding of CRC screening remain critical for early detection a...

Background Individuals with diabetes and metabolic syndrome have an increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC), suggesting earlier screening than the average‐risk population may be warranted. Aims To derive risk‐adapted starting ages of CRC screening for people with diabetes or metabolic syndrome. Methods We determined 5‐year cumulative risks of C...

Climate change due to sustained carbon dioxide (CO 2) emissions poses a serious threat to human existence, such as extreme weather events that must be addressed in all sectors of society. Gastrointestinal endoscopy is a healthcare sector that produces high levels of CO 2 emissions. Colonoscopy (CS) is the gold standard for colorectal cancer (CRC) s...

Objetivo: La efectividad de las intervenciones conductuales generalmente se evalúa en relación con las condiciones de control mediante pruebas de significancia de hipótesis nulas (es decir, p < .05) o tamaños del efecto. Estos criterios pasan por alto las comparaciones con intervenciones anteriores y hacen poco para promover una ciencia acumulativa...

Water-assisted colonoscopy (WAC) application in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) endoscopy offers significant technical opportunities. Traditional gas-aided insufflation colonoscopy increases patient discomfort, presenting challenges in the frequent and detailed mucosal assessments required for IBD endoscopy. WAC techniques, including water immers...

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the U.S., despite effective screening options being available. Approximately one-third of eligible individuals remain unscreened, resulting in preventable cases and deaths. The Take-Home Fecal Immunochemical Test (FIT) kit is a cost-effective, noninvasive screening metho...

The feasibility of population screening for colorectal cancer has been demonstrated in several studies. Most of these studies have considered individual characteristics, diagnostic approaches, epidemiological data, and socioeconomic factors. In this article, we comment on an editorial by Metaxas et al published in the recent issue of the journal. T...

Colorectal Cancer (CRC) screening of average-risk individuals has been shown to reduce CRC mortality and incidence. Incidence is reduced by detection and removal of cancer precursor lesions (CPLs), resulting in cancer prevention. Mortality reduction is achieved with detection of curable CRC, as well as prevention by removing CPLs before cancer deve...

Introduction: Colorectal cancer screening programs are effective in reducing incidence and mortality. In Europe, every FIT+ patient is referred to colonoscopy. The available data show that ~75.0% of these patients are negative. It is desirable to select patients at a greater risk of having a positive colonoscopy. Materials and Methods: 711 subjects...

Colonoscopy remains the most commonly used colorectal cancer screening test in the United States. A substantial portion of the screening population value the high sensitivity of colonoscopy for precancerous colorectal lesions of all sizes, which allows it to be performed at 10 year intervals in average-risk persons with negative examinations. Emerg...

Background In order to achieve a high-quality screening colonoscopy, a high-quality bowel preparation is essential. To perform an adequate bowel cleansing patients need to understand and act on medical information, also known as health literacy. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between the patients’ educational status as a proxy for hea...

Objectives To describe member adherence to a mail-based, health insurer-sponsored gap closure program for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening using multi-target stool DNA (mt-sDNA; Cologuard®) tests. Methods Combined patient data from Exact Sciences Laboratories LLC and data from mass-mailed mt-sDNA orders placed by a large Medicare Advantage Insura...

Population-based colorectal cancer screening programs decrease mortality, but the participation rates are still unsatisfactory. Drawing from relevant psychosocial literature, this study aims to test a widely integrated theory of planned behaviour model applied to colorectal cancer screening attendance. The model considered, at the same time, additi...

Background: The fecal immunochemical test (FIT) has been widely used in colorectal cancer (CRC) screening, yet the practical performance of FIT combined with questionnaire-based risk assessment (QRA) remains undetermined. Moreover, risk factors for distinct CRC precursors identified in screening have been rarely compared. Methods: This study was ba...

Background: Colorectal cancer ranks as the third most prevalent cancer worldwide and the second most prevalent cancer in Saudi Arabia. Additionally, it stands as the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality globally. There is an increasing incidence of colorectal cancer worldwide. However, there is a notable decrease in incidence in high-i...

Introduction: Performing a tandem endoscopy and colonoscopy in selected individuals has advantages, such as the early detection of benign and/or precancerous foregut diseases; it is efficient, and it may allow added therapies. It may also have disadvantages, such as generating anxiety from false-positive screening, possible harm from further testin...

Colorectal cancer remains an important health issue worldwide, necessitating the development of more effective diagnostic tools for early detection and intervention. This work presents a novel approach that combines plasmonic biosensor technology with advanced medical imaging and deep learning algorithms to improve colorectal cancer early detection...

Background and study aims Participation in and quality of colorectal cancer (CRC) screening varies greatly and it is unclear how much of CRC screening guideline quality metrics reach patients. The aims of this prospective observational study were to provide data from everyday practice in Austria. Patients and methods All employees aged ≥ 50 years...

Objectives: To assess the association of the COVID-19 pandemic with an uptake rate and screening interval between two screening rounds in colorectal cancer screening program (CRCSP) and identify the disproportionate correlation of socioeconomic status (SES) factors. Methods: An analysis was performed on aggregated screening and SES data at the area...

Background Effective screening for colorectal cancer (CRC) enables earlier diagnosis and intervention to improve patient survival. Methods In this study, we prospectively conducted a blood-based CRC screening program for community residents in Hanjiang District, Yangzhou City, and evaluated the screening efficacy of a blood-based multi-locus DNA m...

INTRODUCTION Screening colonoscopy can identify cancers at treatable stages and allow for the removal of adenomas before they become cancerous. 1 A study of the natural history of unresected colonic polyps larger than one centimeter in size among patients who opted out of resection revealed a 24% chance of invasive ade-nocarcinoma development at th...

Background/Objectives: An individual socioeconomic status index (ISESI) was used to analyse inequalities in participation and colonoscopy acceptance in the Valencia Region Colorectal Cancer Screening Programme (VR-CRCSP). Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of men and women aged 50–69 who had been invited to participate in the VR-CRCSP as of F...

The Black Church has long been an institution of refuge, mobilization, and healing in Black or African American communities. While health promotion interventions have been implemented in the Black Church, little is known about ways to incorporate faith into colorectal cancer (CRC) screening messages. Using modified boot camp translation, a communit...

In order to evaluate adherence to colorectal cancer (CRC) screening among members of the Health Plan of the Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires in Argentina, we conducted a retrospective cohort study using secondary data from the electronic medical record. We included all members over 50 years of age during the period 2008-2022. We assessed the numbe...

Background/Aims Fecal occult blood test (FOBT) and fecal immunohistochemical test (FIT) are used for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening. However, when no adenomas are found following a positive FOBT/FIT, the future risk of advanced adenomas or colorectal cancer (CRC) is unclear. We determined the incidence and determinants of advanced adenomas or CR...

Purpose Given rural hospitals’ role in providing outpatient services, we examined the association between travel burdens and receipt of cancer screening among rural-dwelling adults in the U.S. South region. Methods First, we estimated network travel times and distances to access the nearest and second nearest acute care hospital from each rural ce...

Background: By using optimal insertion techniques with water infusion and dynamic position changes, pain during colonoscopy is greatly reduced and the procedures can usually be performed without sedation. We investigated whether the excellent results with water-aided colonoscopy reported by experts are reproducible in daily practice in a regional h...

Background The aim of this quality improvement (QI) project was to increase Colorectal Cancer (CRC) screening in patients ages 50–75 years from a baseline of 27–40% within 12 months in a primary care clinic in limited resource communities. Methods The multidisciplinary QI-team applied the Plan-Do-Study-Act method and developed stakeholder analysis...

Background: The aim of this study is to assess the impact of disability on participation in CRC screening and to determine the overall effect size. Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare CRC screening participation in individuals with and without disabilities. The search encompassed five databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Sc...

This news section offers Cancer readers timely information on events, public policy analysis, topical issues, and personalities. This issue addresses efforts to optimize colonoscopy measures and broaden accessibility to screening in underserved areas. In addition, people who use cannabis—particularly those with a cannabis use disorder—are significa...

Effective screening is essential to reducing CRC incidence and mortality by detecting the disease at early stages and identifying non-invasive precursors. While colonoscopy remains the most sensitive modality to visualize and remove neoplastic lesions thereby reducing CRC and the related death, its high cost and invasive nature limit its widespread...

Background The purpose of the Accelerating Colorectal Cancer Screening and Follow-up through Implementation Science (ACCSIS) Program, a Cancer Moonshot℠ Initiative, is to support research to build the evidence base on multilevel interventions that increase rates of colorectal cancer screening, follow-up, and referral to care to address disparities...

Objective To describe trends in the use of non-invasive tests (NIST) and the interval between a positive NIST and diagnostic colonoscopy. Methods Using a retrospective time-trend design, we examined medical records of patients within two large Indiana integrated healthcare systems who had a positive NIST between January 2019 and June 2021 and quan...

Colorectal cancer (CRC) represents a significant health burden worldwide, with existing inequities in incidence and mortality. In Sweden, CRC screening programmes have varied regionally since the mid-2000s, but the significance of organised screening for counteracting complex inequities in screening attendance has not been investigated. This study...

Background Thailand has the world’s highest prevalence of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), especially in the endemic area of liver fluke Opisthorchis viverrini infection. However, other regions of Thailand still have relatively high CCA prevalence. Objectives We aimed to determine CCA risk factors in areas not endemic for OV infection. Methods A case-–c...

Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening can reduce both CRC incidence and mortality, and faecal immunochemical testing (FIT)-based screening programmes are therefore now being implemented in many countries. However, social inequality in FIT-based screening participation is well documented, and initiatives to address this challenge are understu...

Background/Objectives: Stool-based tests, such as the fecal immunochemical test (FIT), have been widely used for increasing colorectal cancer (CRC) screening. Small media, such as printed materials or flyers, are known to be an effective intervention to increase CRC screening by fecal tests. However, more evidence is needed to determine whether suc...

European guidelines stress the importance of informed decision-making in colorectal cancer (CRC) screening. However, tailored tools that facilitate decision-making for underserved people and general practitioners (GPs) in Flanders are lacking. This study aimed to develop a tailored shared decision-making (SDM) tool for CRC screening, specifically a...

Purpose: Despite the known benefits of colorectal cancer (CRC) screening, underserved and minority populations have persistently lower screening rates compared to the national average. To improve CRC screening uptake among African Americans (AAs), we collaborated with a public service agency (i.e., County Treasurer’s Office) and other community and...

Background Independent use of artificial intelligence with computer-aided detection (CADe) and Endocuff Vision (ECV) has demonstrated enhanced adenoma detection rates (ADRs). Objective Our pilot study aimed to define the necessary participant number for future randomized controlled trials (RCTs) by comparing the ADR of combined CADe + ECV against...

Colon polyp detection and removal via colonoscopy are essential for colorectal cancer screening and prevention. This study aimed to develop a colon polyp detection program based on the RetinaNet algorithm and verify its clinical utility. To develop the AI-assisted program, the dataset was fully anonymized and divided into 10 folds for 10-fold cross...

Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a significant public health challenge. Patients having abnormal faecal immunochemical test (FIT) results are offered a colonoscopy. The effectiveness of colonoscopies can, however, often be challenged by the occurrence of missed polyps. This study aims to assess the rate of significant missed polyps in the...