Cold Temperature - Science topic

Soil erosion is expected to increase in the future due to climate change. Soil erosion models are useful tools that can be used by decision makers and other stakeholders to deal with soil erosion problems or the implementation of soil protection measures. Most of the modelling applications are using Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE)-type models....

Long-term freeze-thaw cycles have a significant impact on the safety and durability of tunnels located in cold regions. In this study, a hydro-thermal-mechanical coupling model and calculation method were developed based on the Guanjiaoshan Tunnel. The model's precision and rationality underwent comprehensive validation. The study aimed to discuss...

Extreme temperatures are occurring more frequently and intensely, leading to more significant impacts on a variety of populations in the world as climate change continues. Little research to date, however, has investigated the temporal, spatial, and social patterns in which human mobility responds to extreme temperatures from the perspective of reg...

The domestic grape germination eco-physiology is a little studied aspect since reproduction occurs predominantly agamically, despite the sexual reproduction remains the main form for the selection of new cultivars. In this study, two international cultivars grown all over the world-Chardonnay and Syrah-were chosen as models of the domestic grape fo...

Cold agglutinin disease is a subtype of autoimmune hemolytic anemia that occurs via the activation of specific anti-red blood cell antibodies (agglutinins) at low temperatures. Autoimmune hemolytic anemia has been reported to cause interstitial pneumonia; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. We herein report a 46-year-old man diagnose...

The melting behavior of subducted ophicarbonate is experimentally investigated under conditions relevant for slabs at subarc depths (2.5–6 GPa and 650–1000°C). Hydrous carbonatitic liquids appear between 900 and 950°C at 2.5 GPa, between 800 and 850°C at 4–5 GPa, and at ∼800°C over 6 GPa. Water significantly depresses the thermal stability of carbo...

While recommender systems have shown success in many fields, accurate recommendations in industrial settings remain challenging. In maintenance, existing techniques often struggle with the “cold start” problem and fail to consider differences in the target population's characteristics. To address this, additional user information can be incorporate...

Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) is a nonselective cation channel that is activated by a variety of stimuli and acts as a nociceptor. Mouse and human TRPA1 exhibit different reactivity to some stimuli, including chemicals such as menthol as well as cold stimuli. The cold sensitivity of TRPA1 in mammalian species is controversial. Here...

Abstract. Karl Pfeifer revisits Wittgenstein’s parenthetical allusion in the Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus to the Grimms’ fairytale “The Golden Lads”, confirming that it does not work well as an illustration of the notion of “internal identity” that figures in Wittgenstein’s picture theory. He then proposes alternative ways of understanding the re...

Wire-based directed energy deposition (w-DED) is an additive manufacturing process well-suited for building large-scale structural components. Deposit bead geometry and its relation to process parameters is a vital aspect of a w-DED process, which is crucial for preventing defects and minimising material waste. In this study, a thermo-capillary-gra...

CALL FOR PAPERS International Workshop TRANSNATIONAL COMMUNISM IN COLD WAR EUROPE Faculty of Geography and History Complutense University of Madrid 30 November 2023

This research was conducted to evaluate the effect of heating temperature on the physical and mechanical characteristics of plybamboo boards as an effort to reduce the use of wood and develop composite products as a wood substitute material. The material used was betung bamboo (Dendrocalamus asper) processed using PVAc adhesive. Hygrothermal treatm...

Climate change is a global issue, and its negative impacts are felt worldwide. Architects play a critical role in fighting climate change by designing energy-efficient buildings, adopting climate-responsive designs, and creating net-zero buildings. Color is an essential element of architecture that can also help in this regard. For instance, in col...

A novel analytic approach for calculating the brightness of para-hydrogen moderators is introduced. Because brightness gain originates from a near-the-surface effect resulting from the prevailing single-collision process during thermal-to-cold neutron conversion, high-aspect ratio rectangular cold moderators offer a significant increase, up to a fa...

We present a novel cryogenic VUV spectrofluorometer designed for the characterization of wavelength shifters (WLS) crucial for experiments based on liquid argon (LAr) scintillation light detection. Wavelength shifters like 1,1,4,4-tetraphenyl-1,3-butadiene (TPB) or polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) are used in these experiments to shift the VUV scinti...

Plain Language Summary Understanding surface temperature on a planet is important for life on Earth and beyond. On Earth, we know “mountaintops are cold,” which means that surface temperature decreases with elevation. However, this idea does not apply on present‐day Mars. Here, we investigate when and why the Earth‐based understanding holds for pla...

Stirling engines are a secular technology of great interest in recent literature. The principle of operation of these engines consists in the difference in temperature of hot and cold sources. Despite being a technology that has been studied for a long time, there is no unanimity on the temperature classification of these machines. The literature d...

This chapter presents the motive of ice in the Divine Comedy and analyzes its impact on the medieval iconography of hell represented as a part of the chosen Last Judgement scenes. In the first part of the article the author draws the image of ice present in the works of Dante Alighieri, concentrating particularly on its presence in the Divine Comed...

The tropopause is described as the distinction between the troposphere and the stratosphere, and the tropopause height (TPH) is an indicator of climate change. GNSS Radio Occultation (RO) can monitor the atmosphere globally under all weather conditions with a high vertical resolution. In this study, four different techniques for identifying the TPH...

Near‐Earth plasma surges sunward during enhanced magnetospheric convection (driven by dayside magnetic reconnection) to form a pathway feature called a plasmaspheric plume. This study uses Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) observations to investigate the heating of warm ions (H⁺ and He⁺) inside plumes. We identify 287 plume events using targeted in‐s...

We investigate the thermodynamics and fluctuations of a finite-time quantum Otto engine alter- natively driven by a hot-squeezed and a cold thermal reservoir. We show that reservoir squeezing significantly enhances the performance by increasing the thermodynamic efficiency and the power and enables higher stability by decreasing the relative power...

Organized event is an important form of human activity. Nowadays, many digital platforms offer organized events on the Internet, allowing users to be organizers or participants. For such platforms, it is beneficial to predict potential event participants. Existing work on this problem tends to borrow recommendation techniques. However, compared to...

Melting underneath the floating ice shelves surrounding the Antarctic continent is a key process for the stability of the Antarctic Ice Sheet and therefore its current and future mass loss. Troughs and sills on the continental shelf play a crucial role in modulating sub-shelf melt rates, as they can allow or block the access of relatively warm, mod...

Excess winter mortality (EWM) has been used as a measure of how well populations and policy moderate the health effects of cold weather. We aimed to investigate long-term changes in the EWM of Aotearoa New Zealand (NZ), and potential drivers of change, and to test for structural breaks in trends. We calculated NZ EWM indices from 1876 (4,698 deaths...

This study focuses on the contribution of maturity stages and 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) treatment to the quality of 'Zebra' apricot. Samples were harvested at mature-green, yellow and orange maturity stages. Fruit were treated with gaseous 1-MCP (24 h at 1 8C), followed by cold storage at 1 8C for 6 weeks. Non-destructive measurements were used...

Stratospheric water vapor increases are expected in response to greenhouse gas-forced climate warming, and these changes act as a positive feedback to surface climate. Previous efforts at inferring trends from the 3–4 decade-long observational stratospheric water vapor record have yielded conflicting results. Here we show that a robust multi-decada...

We demonstrate the Doppler laser cooling of Ca+40 ions confined in a segmented linear Paul trap in the presence of a strong quadrupolar magnetic field generated by two permanent ring magnets. Magnetic field gradients of 800 to 1600 G/mm give rise to a highly position-dependent Zeeman shift on the energy levels of the trapped ions. Efficient laser c...

We present 0.″22-resolution Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations of CO(2−1) emission from the circumnuclear gas disk in the red nugget relic galaxy PGC 11179. The disk shows regular rotation, with projected velocities near the center of 400 km s ⁻¹ . We assume the CO emission originates from a dynamically cold, thin disk...

Flowering cherry (Cerasus sp.) are significant spring-blooming trees. However, the short blooming period and the rarity of early and late-flowering varieties limit their use in gardens in northern China. The experiment incorporated annually early-flowering species such as Cerasus discoidea, Cerasus pseudocerasus ‘Introtsa’, Cerasus dielsiana, Ceras...

The article presents parts of a research that aims to analyze how future teachers have learned mathematical concepts throughout their school and academic trajectory and how their representations related to school mathematics and its teaching can influence the elaboration of new representations. The text is the result of research-teacher education c...

Saunas are becoming increasingly popular worldwide, being an activity that promotes relaxation and health. Intense feelings of happiness have been reported shortly after enjoying a hot sauna and cold water, what is known in Japan as the “totonou” state. However, no research has investigated what occurs in the brain during the “totonou” state. In th...

Temperature can impact every reaction and molecular interaction essential to a cell. For organisms that cannot regulate their own temperature, a major challenge is how to adapt to temperatures that fluctuate unpredictability and on variable timescales. Biomolecular condensation offers a possible mechanism for encoding temperature-responsiveness and...

Global water models are increasingly used to understand past, present and future water cycles, but disagreements between simulated variables make model-based inferences uncertain. Although there is empirical evidence of different large-scale relationships in hydrology, these relationships are rarely considered in model evaluation. Here we evaluate...

Over the past decade, an unexpected cooling trend has been observed in East Asia and North America during winter. Climate model simulations suggest that this pattern of stalled warming, besides accelerated warming, will repeat throughout the course of global warming, influenced by the natural decade-long variations in the climate system. However, u...

In Lumut Balai geothermal projects, where suitable re-injection wells are lacking, the temporary reinjection of hot fluid into high-temperature wells has become necessary, albeit risky. Initially designated as production wells, three wells have been temporarily repurposed as reinjection wells due to the urgent requirements for the commissioning of...

As the major power source for electric vehicles (EVs), lithium-ion batteries (LiBs) suffer from the degradation of technical performance and safety at low temperatures, which restricts the popularization of EVs in frigid regions. Thus, this study developed an extremely fast electromagnetic induction heating system in order to improve the poor perfo...

continued on the back inside cover Cover: Leaves and fruits of Terminalia arjuna in water colour artwork on cold pressed water colour paper by Bhama Sridharan.

This paper presents a novel control strategy based on an uncertainty estimator for a class of fractional-order nonlinear systems characterized by a polynomial input. The proposed strategy allows the system to be controlled without resorting to transformations or approximate linearization. This is accomplished by using a fractional-order sliding-mod...

A theoretical investigation of the dust ion-acoustic solitary, shock, and periodic waves has been made in a magnetised, dissipative, dusty plasma system. The system consists of cold ions, stationary dust grains, and non-inertial superthermal electrons and positrons. The Korteweg-de Vries-Burgers' (K-dVB) equation has been obtained by employing the...

A UV spectrophotometric method was developed and validated for the determination of luliconazole (LZL) in bulk and cream formulation using a solvent composed of methanol: water (80:20) at a predetermined λ max of 298 nm, it was demonstrated linear in the range of 1.0-10.0 µg/mL, and exhibited good correlation coefficient (r 2 =0.999) and excellent...

This paper presents a novel control strategy based on an uncertainty estimator for a class of fractional-order nonlinear systems characterized by a polynomial input. The proposed strategy allows the system to be controlled without resorting to transformations or approximate linearization. This is accomplished by using a fractional-order sliding-mod...

Abstract Kashmir has been a centre of Sanskrit learning since ancient times. It has produced masterpieces of history, fables, philosophy etc. Thousands of scholars across the world used to visit the valley with an intention to acquire knowledge from great Sanskrit teachers. With the coming of Muslims, Persian began to gain prominence in Kashmir. Ho...

A long-lasting rainfall event exceeding historical extremes took place in Jiangxi, China, from May 4 to 6, 2023. Because of the concentrated duration of precipitation, it led to significant water accumulation in the northern, central, and southern regions of Jiangxi. The objective of this study was to investigate the weather mechanisms underlying t...

The focus of this study is the arrangement of a rational control technique used to maintain the airflow temperature in a vortex energy separator (VES) under destabilizing effects. The objectives include the development of tools for the rational control of temperature in the cold and hot air flows of a VES. Methods used: Discrete state space, produc...

The term El Niño refers to the large-scale ocean-atmosphere climate interaction linked to periodic warming in sea surface temperatures across the central and east-central Equatorial Pacific. La Niña episodes represent periods of below-average sea surface temperatures across the east-central Equatorial Pacific. Both El-Niño and la-Niña are opposite...

Highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs) have caused outbreaks in both domestic and wild birds during the winter seasons in several countries in the Northern Hemisphere, most likely because virus-infected wild ducks overwinter and serve as the primary source of infection for other birds in these countries. Several chemical disinfectants a...

The upper ocean structure obviously affects sea surface temperature cooling (SSTC) induced by tropical cyclones (TCs). Herein, principal component analysis of many Argo profiles from 2001 to 2017 in the Northwest Pacific Ocean is used to classify the upper ocean structure. The results suggest that the upper ocean structure can be divided into four...

Abstract: The shortage of suitable donor livers has increased interest in machine perfusion. While static cold storage(SCS) is sufficientfor optimal donor organs, marginal organs are more susceptive to ischaemia–reperfusion injury. Currently, different machine perfusion techniques are in clinical use: hypothermic oxygenated machine perfusion (HOPE) fo...

A myxoma is a benign intramuscular gelatinous tumor that is rarely known to arise from the scrotum. It can be confused both clinically and radiologically with other more common scrotal wall lesions such as a sebaceous cyst or an abscess. We report a case of a 54-year-old patient who presented with a scrotal wall swelling that was initially suspecte...

Unexpected power outages and extreme weather encouraged research on energy-resilient buildings throughout the world. Resilient building research mainly focuses on hot weather rather than cold extremes. This study defines resilience terminologies based on the available literature and discusses the impact of energy efficiency on energy resilience per...

To improve the energy efficiency and photo-thermal performance of a double-layer PCM glazing window (DP), multilayer PCM glazing windows integrating DP (combination structures) with installations and low-e coating have been developed. However, the energy efficiency of a multilayer glazing window is not higher than DP in all climate zones. The selec...

Extreme weather events and frequent meteorological disasters pose significant threats to vegetation growth in the context of climate change. However, information regarding the impact of extreme climate events on vegetation in the ecologically fragile Karst area has been lacking. This study aims to fill this knowledge gap by quantifying changes in e...

The cryptocurrency market has grown significantly, and this quick growth has given rise to scams. It is necessary to put fraud detection mechanisms in place. The challenge of inadequate labeling is addressed in this work, which is a barrier to the training of high-performance supervised classifiers. It aims to lessen the necessity for laborious and...

Objectives: To evaluate and compare the effect of dexamethasone, ketoprofen and cold compress on the quality of life (QoL) following surgical removal of impacted lower third molar (ILTM). Materials and Methods: Eligible patients requiring ILTM extraction with modified Pederson difficulty index score of 5-6 were recruited. The patients were randomly...

Climate change is leading to new daily record-breaking values globally. Since there is a clear shift towards the higher temperature values, the ratio of the numbers of new record high temperatures to record lows indicates the acceleration of global warming differently at regional levels—but is there an amplification for precipitation records as wel...

Given the significant emissions from conventional marine diesel engines, many ship owners are increasingly turning to liquefied natural gas (LNG) as a cleaner energy alternative. In this study, a novel power generation system is proposed for LNG-fueled ships, integrating LNG cold energy and waste heat of the main engine, while considering the press...

The reasons for large discrepancies between observations and simulations, as well as for uncertainties in projections of the equatorial Pacific zonal sea surface temperature (SST) gradient, are controversial. We used CMIP6 models and large ensemble simulations to show that model bias and internal variabilities affected, i.e., strengthened, the SST...

Background Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major global public health threat requiring urgent action. Pan-European data on knowledge, attitudes and behaviors among the general public regarding antibiotic use and AMR is limited. Methods A multicentric, cross-sectional survey of the general public was conducted in the capital cities of 14 Member...

Dual-polarization radar data are useful for numerical models to improve precipitation forecasts. For an extremely heavy precipitation event that occurred in Central China on 11 August 2021, the hydrometeor concentration and water vapor content used in the initial field of the Weather Research and Forecasting (version 4.1) model are retrieved by the...

The operational cost of a microgrid is significantly influenced by the response of storage systems and the complexities of the power market’s tariff structures. This paper addresses the challenges arising from the coexistence of new market entries and traditional tariffs, which contribute to a complex market environment. To tackle this issue, the p...

In recent years, cold recycling techniques have been widely used all over the world thanks to their huge environmental advantages. However, their performances are lower than the traditional hot-mix asphalt, both for the longer time to develop the final mechanical properties, which leads to delays in the reopening to road traffic, and for the lower...

Background: Del Nido cardioplegia (DNC) is a single-dose, high potassium, low-volume cardioplegia solution that has grown in favor recently. However, the use of DNC in the Asian population may be associated with certain challenges. Methods: Between January 2017 and April 2022, DNC was used for myocardial protection in this single-center retrospect...

Dark matter (DM) can be composed of a collection of axions, or axion-like particles (ALPs), whose existence is due to the spontaneous breaking of the Peccei–Quinn U(1) symmetry, which is the most compelling solution of the strong CP-problem of quantum chromodynamics (QCD). Axions must be spin-0 particles with very small masses and extremely weak in...

Until recent decades, permafrost-preserved frozen mammoths were among the rarest of scientific specimens: only one was successfully collected between 1806 and 1902. With global warming and increased industrial activity in the circumpolar north, in the twenty-first century discovering these creatures has become a seasonal phenomenon. This article tr...

Detonation spraying is commonly used to form protective and functional coatings. The influence of the temperature and velocity of spraying particles on the quality of the coatings is frequently analyzed by the study of single splats. However, to date, there has been limited research on the interaction and structure formation at the splat/substrate...

Purpose We evaluated the hypothesis that repetitive gravitoinertial stress would augment the arterial-pressure response to peripheral sympathetic stimulation. Methods Before and after a 5-weeks G-training regimen conducted in a human-use centrifuge, twenty healthy men performed a hand cold-pressor test, and nine of them also a foot cold-pressor te...

Evapotranspiration (ET) is a natural and complex process that plays a crucial role in water and energy balances. Due to its simultaneous occurrence with photosynthesis, ET is closely linked to the carbon cycle. These interactions make ET an important functional attribute of ecosystems. In this study, we assess the impact of the 2015 'El Niño' clima...

Mining activities are the primary human-induced disturbances on plant communities in various ecosystems, and they also are important for implementing strategies of ecological protection and restoration based on them. The effects of underwater mining on plant communities in wetland ecosystems, however, are seldom demonstrated, and it is also difficu...

The occurrence of European heat events has increased during the last two decades. European heat events are responsible for social, economic and environmental damage and are projected to increase in magnitude, frequency and duration under global warming, strengthening the interest about the contribution of different mechanisms. Using the ERA5 reanal...

The energy-saving research of school buildings in villages and towns in the severe cold areas of Linzhi Township has not yet been widely carried out. The energy consumption of schools in villages and towns in the severe cold areas of Linzhi is generally high, and the heating energy consumption in winter accounts for a large proportion of the energy...

Trigeneration provides an effective means of power, heat, and cold production on site. Proper design and well-managed operation of such units can bring in substantial savings in consumed primary energy as well as in the amount of greenhouse gases released to the atmosphere, compared to separate production of all three media. The studied sub-MW-size...

According to the medical tradition, the temperament of bodies came from the balance of their primary qualities – hot, cold, dry, and moist. However, physicians associated additional sensory properties with temperament in the field of pharmacology. These sensations included taste, color, and odor, which allow an appraisal of the constitution and act...

Diapausing larvae of the rice stem borer, Chilo suppressalis Walker, overwinter in rice stubble. During overwintering, the larvae may move to sites with suitable moisture and undergo physiological changes to prepare for the declining temperature. This study measured the behavioral and physiological adaptation to soil moisture (25%, 50%, and 75% of...

Frost damage is a complex and critical issue for canal construction in seasonally frozen regions, posing a challenge to agriculture and industry. This study combines in-situ monitoring and numerical simulation in field-scale to investigate the freeze depth, frost heave, and the effect of accumulated water on slope deformation in a canal in Jilin Pr...

This text updates the story of Madeline Altman, aka Mickey Ward, the subject of Chapter 13 of my book Painted People (2022 & 2023) Madeline ran away from home in 1906, aged 15, and was tatooed extensively by Bowery artists including Samuel O'Reilly. She was sent to a brutal reformatory run by nuns, and lived a somewhat unhappy life in Texas throug...