Coal - Science topic

Coal is the dominant source of electricity in the world and in Serbia. Coal mining has multiple adverse impacts on water resources including: alterations in the hydrological regime (cutoff or watercourse displacement), alterations in the hydro-geological regime (lowering of groundwater levels and yields of the surrounding aquifers) and deterioratio...

Climate anomalies substantially affect coastal hydrodynamics, controlling the sediment transport processes. The interaction between waves and currents plays an important role in the sediment transport processes, which are closely related to climate anomalies, particularly the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD). Indonesia is currently facing severe threats f...

Understanding the self-heating behaviour and gas distribution patterns in longwall goaf is crucial for preventing coal mine spontaneous combustion. Unlike previous studies that primarily focus on temperature variations, this study developed a Multiphysics coupled model integrating solid (coal), gas, and thermal processes to systematically investiga...

Furan groups play significant roles in the combustion of low-rank coal. We employed ReaxFF MD to investigate the pyrolysis and oxidation processes of furan (FR) and benzofuran (BFR) under various oxygen contents and temperatures. The results show that the initial reaction of FR groups pyrolysis is FR/BFR → R-unstable carbon chain + CO, with all oxy...

The kinetics of Chemical Looping Combustion (CLC) using Co3O4 as an oxygen carrier for low-volatile semi-anthracite coal were studied with the aim of integrating CO2 capture into the combustion process. The effectiveness of varying temperature regimes (800–950 °C) and oxygen carrier ratios (ϕ = 0.5–2.0) on the CLC process was evaluated. The finding...

Electricity marketization is the inevitable trend of the power industry. This paper proposes a regional grid energy-saving generation scheduling model that takes into account the bidding in the power market, and designs a regional grid generation scheduling algorithm that adopts firstly provincial sorting and then inter-provincial summary replaceme...

An efficient method for efficiently cleaning pharmaceutical wastewater and eliminating micro-contaminants is the production of hydrochar from coal waste and sewage sludge using hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) techniques. This procedure produces high-quality hydrochar, a potential adsorbent material for pharmaceutical wastewater treatment, by caref...

In this paper, FLAC3D software is used to construct a simulation model to analyze the stability of a town mine along the hollow stay roadway. In order to reduce the geological disasters such as deformation and instability of the roadway triggered by the overload of mining pressure, CatBoost model is used to predict the pattern of the manifestation...

Ground hydraulic fracturing has emerged as an effective technique for mitigating strong mining pressure manifestations in longwall top coal caving (LTCC). However, the influence of different hydraulic fracture types on the strength characteristics of hard roofs (HR) remains unclear, as does their impact on the fracture process and stress redistribu...

The classic theory posits that deep-water environments (e.g., deep/semi-deep lakes in basin centers), are more conducive to the development of high-quality hydrocarbon sources. However, recent exploration efforts in shale oil and gas have revealed that organic-rich shales are more prevalent at the edges of lacustrine basins, whereas the central are...

Coal mining in China has extended to greater depths, making the urgent resolution of associated rock burst issues a critical priority. The retention of coal pillars often leads to the formation of stress concentration zones, increasing the rock burst hazard on lower coal seams and posing challenges to the safe production of coal mines. Using the 83...

Abstract The article investigates the conditions under which non-polar reagents interact with coal slimes during the enrichment process. This is important for determining the mechanism of their dispersion in turbulent flows in the presence of a solid phase. The study analyses and summarizes contemporary scientific research on coal flotation and the...

Co additions to titanium aluminides were assessed to decrease the typically high sintering temperatures necessary for the densification of intermetallics. Compositions based on the binary Ti-45Al with ternary Co variations between 1-10 at.% were investigated. The specimens were cylinders with 8 mm diameter prepared using blended elemental powders f...

This research involved the correlation of results of the electrical resistivity method of geophysical prospecting involving the vertical electrical sounding (VES) techniques and exploratory core drilling method. The purpose was to determine the effectiveness of adopting VES in coal exploration and reserve estimation. The crossplots between results...

To investigate the productivity laws of coalbed gas (CBG) wells in carbon dioxide (CO2)-rich coalfield, the Haishiwan coal mine in Yaojie coalfield, Gansu Province, China, which is rich in CO2 of different concentrations in CBG, was selected as the study area. Using numerical simulation technology, the production capacity of CBG wells was simulated...

The massive thick overburden strata (MTOS) above the coal seam can result in high mining pressure in the stope, with significant manifestations of mine pressure, potentially triggering safety issues such as mine pressure bursts. In this paper, the fracture and migration characteristics of layered fracturing in MTOS above the stope were analyzed. Th...

This research examines the dynamics of contour evolution, burn-through rate, and reaction channel formation during the gasification of thin coal seams through a series of bench-scale experiments. Utilizing an underground gas generator within a coal-rock mass, the study employs a hydrofracture profile model to analyze key parameters. Critical aspect...

The safety detection parameters of the transmission mechanism, which are mainly temperature, vibration, current and voltage, and the safety detection parameters are obtained through the measurement of optical sensors. Aiming at the problem of local fitting of the neural network, it is proposed to apply the principal element analysis method to linea...

Water inrush events during coal seam mining, especially in the presence of gas, pose a significant threat to operational efficiency and miner safety. Existing models are insufficient to fully capture the complex interactions between fracture networks, mining-induced stress changes, gas presence, and water seepage. To address this gap, we propose a...

The Fair Energy Transition (FET) is defined as a process of change and momentum towards an economic model of low carbon emissions, which guarantees social equity, environmental sustainability, and the protection of human rights. The main objective of this study was to analyze and compare energy security indicators and identified the main public FET...

Industrial expansion in China often results in heightened carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions due to manufacturing processes' energy‐intensive nature. Nevertheless, embracing clean technologies driven by renewable energy sources offers a means to counteract these emissions. Through diminishing dependence on carbon‐intensive energy sources, such as coal,...

The Indian state has maintained control over the energy sector (oil, coal, power, utilities) for more than half a century, primarily through state-owned enterprises (SOEs). Many of these sectors have been gradually opened up post-1990 to incremental private competition. As global and domestic incentives and pressures align towards more serious acti...

Scientific and reasonable source-sink matching is an important basis for the site selection of CCUS (i.e., Carbon capture, utilization and storage) cluster deployment project. In this study, deep saltwater layer, depleted oil and gas reservoir and unrecoverable coal field in Anhui province are the research objects. Firstly, the evaluation methods o...

Steam Power Plant (PLTU) is a type of thermal power plants widely used nowadays due to its high in efficiency. PLTU Moramo is an Independent Power Producer (IPP) that supplies electricity to PT PLN and has two generating units which produce 2 x 50 MW of electricity. The main goal of this research is to investigate effect of the steam power plant’s...

Mine acid water (AAT) is one of the liquid wastes produced by coal mining activities. The existence of this liquid waste can hurt the environment, so it needs to be managed. This management aims to minimize the negative impact that will be caused. This study aims to determine the stages of AAT management and analyze the need for lime and chemical o...

Among all the methods of metal forming, green sand moulding is the most commonly used method due to its low cost and high speed of work. Main constituents of green sand mould are sand, water, coal dust and binder. Mechanical properties like permeability, green compressive strength, mould hardness, compactibility and moisture content of green sand d...

Mullite‐based porous ceramics are characterized by high strength, good high‐temperature resistance, and excellent thermal shock resistance. In this paper, coal gangue‐based mullite porous ceramics were prepared by the reaction sintering method. The effects of gangue addition on the density, phase composition, microstructure, and thermal shock resis...

Open-pit coal mining drives socioeconomic development but imposes significant environmental impacts. The timely monitoring of mining dynamics is essential for sustainable resource exploitation and ecological restoration. However, existing studies often rely on predefined mining boundaries, limiting their applicability in unknown regions. This study...

An overview description of the taxonomical feature of the Upper Pliocene turtle’s remains from the Wölfersheim brown coal deposit in the Wetterau, Hesse, Germany is given here. The original material came from the former “Natural Science Collections” in Meiningen (1950- 1960) as an exchange sample and is now preserved as a holotype “MSB IB k 314” in...

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis dan mengevaluasi proses bongkar muat batu bara yang dilakukan di pelabuhan tersebut, serta mengidentifikasi kendala-kendala yang dihadapi selama proses tersebut. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif dengan pendekatan studi kasus, yang melibatkan pengumpulan data primer melalui wawancara...

Swabakar is an event where coal can burn on its own. The purpose of the PT Bukit Asam Tbk Laboratory is to analyze the influence of wind speed and grain size differences and determine the value of transition temperature and the normality test of time and temperature data of coal samples. The research method used is to measure wind speed using an an...

Coal seam water injection is widely applied to prevent mine disasters. In the traditional water migration model of water-injected coal, from ignoring capillary force in the seepage stage to generating the capillary dynamic during the spontaneous imbibition state, no transition state exists from 0 to generating capillary force. In this paper, on the...

Japan has long provided funding to Indonesia, supporting its economic growth through infrastructure investment, including energy-related ones. As representative projects, this study examined the efficiency of past investments in coal-fired and geothermal power plants. Over the past decade, these two technologies have benefitted the most from Japane...

A combination of theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and physical model experiments is used to explore the mechanism of pressure relief and roof blasting effects along the gob-side roadway. The stress and displacement along the gob-side roadway before and after blasting were investigated using discrete unit code (UDEC) software. The results...

This written submission responds to some of the questions raised by the UK government Public Accounts Committee for the inquiry into “Government support for biomass”. It aims to provide some insights from environmental ethics to assist the deliberations.There are some estimates that the combustion of wood biomass actually emits more carbon dioxide...

To enhance the prevention and control of coal bursts in brittle and soft coal seams, a novel approach involving directional long drilling in coal seam roofs, hydraulic fracturing with sand addition, and segmented fracturing for enhancing gas extraction was proposed. This approach includes the development of technology for continuous directional san...

Mining-induced fractures resulting from shallow coal seam extraction in the loess gully region of China are complex and variable, presenting critical hazards including water and sand inrush, as well as air leakage, all of which severely endanger operational safety. This study aims to examine the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of mining-in...

In this study, in order to improve the water retention of coal gangue matrix and accelerate the recovery of frozen soil layer in mining area, three different particle size gradations of coal gangue and modified polymer SAP (0.0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4%) were compounded and reconstructed. Based on the indoor soil column model, the change rule of SAP on...

This study presents a comprehensive numerical analysis of dynamic rupture and fault-induced seismic risks in deep roadway excavation environments, focusing on near-fault conditions. A quantitative assessment was conducted for faults within 5 m of the roadway, a critical range for evaluating heightened seismic risks. Our results demonstrate that wit...

During the many years that coal has been used for energy production, most studies have focused on the global environmental impacts such as climate change or, when addressing health, rather on conditions of open pit coal miners. This study aims to assess the mental health impacts of lignite (brown coal) mining on communities living in proximity to a...

Underground coal gasification (UCG) is a clean and automated coal technological process that has great potential. Environmental hazards such as the risk of ground surface subsidence, flooding, and water pollution are among the problems that restrict the application of UCG. Overburden rock stability above UCG cavities plays a key role in the prevent...

This paper investigates the impact of variations in excitation frequency variations on the dielectric properties of coal gangue to enhance identification accuracy in challenging underground conditions. A dielectric identification methodology based on frequency shift characteristics is proposed, focusing on coal gangue samples collected from Zhujido...

Addressing the challenges of surrounding rock control in gob‐side entry driving near an advancing working face affected by adjacent working faces and gobs, taking 5104 return airway of No.1 well in Checun Coal Mine as the background, using theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, and field measurement methods, the reasonable size of coal pillar...

To solve the problem of difficulty in accurately calculating the height of roof crack development in shallow mining under the threat of composite water body, a study was conducted using Gaotouyao coal mine in Dongsheng coalfield as an example. Firstly, taking the mining and geological conditions of coal seams 2-3 and 3-1 in Gaotouyao coal mine as t...

In order to reveal the impact of remaining coal pillar on roadway layout of the lower seam after the upper part of the close coal seam is reversely mined, theoretical analysis and numerical simulation are conducted in this paper. With the roadway to be excavated in a mine located in Shanxi as the research object, theoretical analysis and numerical...

Understanding pore structural complexities of coal is essential in coalbed methane (CBM) enhanced recovery and optimization of CO2 sequestration strategies. Coal’s micropores play a pivotal role in gas adsorption, while its mesopores and macropores facilitate gas migration and recovery. This study investigates the relationship between thermal matur...

The US has witnessed unprecedented federal investments targeted to ‘energy communities’ since 2021. Scholars, policy-makers, and activists have long sought to promote policies that ensure that energy transitions bring about just outcomes. However, emerging political frameworks for decarbonization and energy source transition frequently neglect to a...

Enhancing the permeability of coal seams is crucial for improving coalbed methane extraction. To better understand the effects of liquid CO2 phase transition blasting on hydraulic fracturing within gas–liquid combined permeability enhancement technology, a multifunctional fracturing tube was developed, capable of achieving combined gas–liquid fract...

Since fossil fuels coal, oil, and natural gas make up the majority of the world's energy resources, they will eventually run out and have a negative impact on the environment, as they are one of the primary sources of greenhouse gas emissions. For this reason, every country has an economic and environmental interest in developing and implementing c...

In recent years, increased attention has been paid to environmental issues and, in connection with this, to the development of hydrogen energy. In turn, this requires the large-scale production of ultra pure hydrogen. Currently, most hydrogen is obtained by converting natural gas and coal. In this regard, the issue of the deep purification of hydro...

Fracturing design needs to consider the effect of proppant embedding as the production decreases rapidly due to proppant embedding after fracturing of coalbed methane wells. Coal fracture conductivity experiments were carried out to analyze the changes in coal fracture conductivity due to proppant embedding. A model of coal fracture conductivity wa...

Newly exposed section at the Onyeama Hill axis along Enugu-Onitsha Express road of southeastern Nigeria, has revealed some key structural and stratigraphic features within the Maastrichtian coal-bearing sequence of Mamu Formation in the Anambra Basin. These geologic features have only been seen through limited drilled wells and 2D seismic sections,...

In China, most medium- and shallow-depth coalbed methane (CBM) reservoirs are in the middle to late stages of development. Exploiting CBM in unsaturated low-permeability reservoirs remains particularly challenging. This study investigates the evolution of reservoir pressure in rock strata during CBM extraction from a low-permeability coal seam in t...

To reveal the influence of ultra-close coal seams mining on surrounding rock disturbance, PFC2D is introduced to establish a simplified particle flow model of strata in the deeply buried mine, the damage and stress evolution characteristics of the surrounding rock were studied based on double coal seam mining. The results show that after the model...

Water jet repair technology, used for gas extraction boreholes, is an effective way to improve the effect of gas extraction. Nevertheless, the effects water jets have on the repair of gas extraction boreholes are still ambiguous. To investigate the characteristics of coal breaking using water jets in gas extraction boreholes and their repair effect...

This study evaluates the development and characterization of AA5083/Coal composite joints using Friction Stir Processing (FSP) technology. The primary findings reveal significant improvements in the grain structure, with the utilization of FSP leading to an average mean grain size of 31.173 μm, representing a reduction of 50.8598% compared to the A...

To investigate the mechanical damage characteristics and energy evolution laws of primary coal–rock combinations with different coal–rock ratios, uniaxial compression tests were conducted. Combined with acoustic emission monitoring results, a comparative analysis was performed on the yield strength, elastic modulus, acoustic emission signal charact...

The renovation of aging neighborhoods faces challenges such as governance imbalance and insufficient resident participation, leading to low renovation efficiency. Based on the theory of participatory governance, this paper constructs an analytical framework of "power structure—participation mechanism—governance efficiency" to reveal the causes of d...

The direct removal of surface vegetation during surface coal mining has a negative impact on the surrounding ecological environment. Effective vegetation restoration is essential to mitigate these impacts. Therefore, accurate monitoring and assessment of vegetation restoration following mining disturbance is critical for ecological protection in mi...

The Earth has relatively abundant coal resources, and a large amount of solid fly ash waste is generated with the development of industry. The synthesis of zeolites from waste coal fly ash has become an increasingly promising remedy for the crisis of coal fly ash production and disposal. The results of the study showed that the zeolite molecular si...

The fault rocks exhibit low strength, high deformability, and high porosity, making them prone to connecting with the coal seam floor and forming water-conducting channels under the influence of mining activities and aquifer water pressure. Investigating the water inrush mechanism in fault rocks beneath coal seam floors is crucial for ensuring the...

In China’s northwest mining areas, shallow buried coal seams commonly feature double soft composite roof structures of mudstone and clay, resulting in poor roadway stabilization and proving challenging for effective roadway-surrounding rock (RSR) control. A mudstone–clay composite roof is particularly difficult to maintain due to the complex intera...

Due to the complex mining conditions and environment in coal mines, there has been a lack of universally applicable theories for the occurrence of coalburst for a long time, which limits the assessment of coalburst risk and the safety design of prevention. In this work, a new criterion for coalburst occurrence based on the general energy principle...

The results of the study of the content of heavy metals and as in the soils of the dump of the Gorlovskoye anthracite deposit, depending on the main chemical and physical properties are presented. Soil acidity, granulometric composition, as well as the content of nitrogen and carbon were studied. The dependence of metal content in the analyzed embr...

The study of the adsorption characteristics of coal is of great significance to gas prevention and CO2 geological storage. To explore the adsorption mechanism of coal, this study focuses on columnar anthracite. Adsorption tests on coal rock under a range of physical field conditions were conducted using the volumetric method. The adsorption charact...

The accurate detection of coal gangue is an important prerequisite for the intelligent sorting of coal gangue. Aiming at existing coal gangue detection methods, which have problems such as low detection accuracy and complex model structure, a multi-scale fusion lightweight coal gangue target detection method based on the EMBS-YOLOv8s model is propo...

The development of briquettes capable of effectively replacing raw coal samples in physical simulation experiments is crucial for coal mine gas disaster prevention. We invented a new method for preparing briquette coal (BC), and studied how the heating temperature changed its pore structures using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), nuclear magneti...

Power generation is a fundamental part of every country for which demand is rising continuously. Coal fired power plants are one of the major methods utilized for in all over the world for generation of power. To increase efficiency of systems of steam turbines, different techniques were utilized in the globe. Major factors and parameters of steam...

Phasing out fossil fuels is both necessary to address the climate crisis and could also create considerable social, economic, and political upheaval due to the loss of jobs and economic disruption. However, replacing jobs and revenue is only one aspect of advancing a just transition. In this paper, we argue how fossil fuels wind down is also a cruc...

Fly ash (FA) from Eskom coal-fired power stations in South Africa is readily available. It is produced in more than 30 million tonnes annually. It presents a huge waste handling challenge and an opportunity for South Africa to offset it carbon emissions by developing and using Ultra High-Volume Fly Ash binders with FA content > 70%. The current stu...

This study explores strategies to enhance coal utilization efficiency, enable on-site coal conversion, transition thermal coal into raw coal, and improve the energy efficiency of coal water slurry (CWS) gasification. By optimizing coal blending and particle size distribution, CWS concentration can be significantly increased. The results demonstrate...

Coal gangue, representing an industrial waste with the highest annual emissions and largest cumulative stocks worldwide, urgently requires resource utilization. This article uses mixed coal gangue aggregates (spontaneous-combustion coal gangue aggregate (SCGA) and rock coal gangue aggregate (RCGA)) as the research subject. The aim is to solve the t...

In this study, coal bottom ash particles were modified through high-energy ball milling and evaluated for the removal of methyl violet 10B (MV) dye from aqueous environment via the adsorption process. The presence of a partially amorphous structure with nano- and submicron particles, containing silanol group (Si–OH), along with higher surface area...

Carbon dioxide phase transition fracturing (CDPTF) represents an environmentally sustainable method for rock fragmentation, with applications in coal seam permeability enhancement, tunnel excavation, and open-pit mining operations. However, current CDPTF research primarily focuses on rock specimens without inherent flaws, leaving uncertainties rega...

Natural resources are one of the crucial objects in the dynamics of the life of the nation and the state, the management of this abundant natural resource is a very large responsibility of the state, the limitation of the state's ability is inversely proportional to the needs and potentials possessed by these natural resources so that the state mak...

This study investigates the traditional coal pillar support methods employed in double-roadway excavation of high-mining-height longwall faces, specifically those with widths ranging from 20 m to 30 m. It highlights that these methods not only result in substantial coal pillar loss and low recovery rates but also create conditions for stress concen...

In this paper, based on the uniaxial compression test of coal samples, the bonding-particle model (BPM) of coal samples was established based on the discrete element method (DEM). The bond parameters of the virtual model are calibrated by combining theoretical calculation, physical test and virtual simulation. The Plackett–Burman test, the climbing...

This study investigated the influence of particle size on combustion performance using equivalent characteristic spectrum analysis (ECSA) on a TG-MS platform. The experiments were conducted at heating rates of 10 °C/min and 20 °C/min for three granular coal types with particle sizes of 1 mm, 4 mm, and 8 mm. The results showed that the ignition temp...

Carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) technology is an essential technology for achieving low-carbon transformation and upgrading of the coal power industry. This study applies optimal control theory to analyze the dynamic optimization of CCUS technological innovation investment in coal power stations under environmental protection tax. A...

In this study, Acidthiobacillus ferrooxidans LX5 was used as an experimental microbial strain, and differences in biological oxidation between high-sulfur coal and pure pyrite were thoroughly investigated over 18 days in acidic environments with initial pH values of 1.70, 2.00, 2.30, and 2.60. The results showed that the pyrite bio-oxidation effici...

As mining depths increase, the highly metamorphosed anthracite in Southwest China progressively develops into a complex dynamic disaster influenced by both in situ stress and gas pressure. By utilizing characteristic indicators of mining-induced stress and gas dynamic emissions, a grading evaluation method for coal and gas dynamic disasters (CGDDs)...

Coal and gas outburst accident is a significant risk in high-gas outburst coal seams, and effective pressure relief gas extraction plays a crucial role in mitigating these hazards. The core challenge lies in understanding the seepage behavior of the coal rock body in the three zones of the overburden during multiple protective layer mining. This st...

Double-prevention boreholes (DPB), which simultaneously incorporate gas drainage and pressure relief boreholes within the same coal seam, effectively mitigate the compound disaster risks of rock bursts and coal–gas outbursts. However, improper spacing between the boreholes often leads to crack propagation and synergistic deformation, resulting in g...

The paper proposes a mathematical model, based on a one-dimensional nonhomogeneous diffusion equation, which enables the evaluation of methane emissions from extracted coal during its transportation through the haulage system of a coal mine longwall face and their contribution to spatiotemporal distribution patterns of mine atmospheric parameters c...

To investigate the influence of weakly structured formations on wellbore stability in deep coal seams within the Lufeng Block, this study establishes an innovative predictive model for coal seam wellbore collapse pressure. The model integrates mechanical parameter variations along weak structural planes with the Mohr–Coulomb criterion, leveraging e...