Climatology - Science topic

This symposium presents an opportunity to convene a multidisciplinary scientific community from April 25 to 27, 2024, to discuss scientific research on climatology and climate change in Africa, and its relationship with social, economic, and political emergencies. The AMC intends to use this symposium to increase awareness among decision-makers abo...

The atmosphere is a highly non-linear dynamic system, where equations can present some solutions known as strange attractors since they have non-integer dimensions, or in other words, fractional volumes. The fractality in meteorology and climatology is reflected in the self-similarity at different spatial and temporal scales. For instance, atmosphe...

The Canadian Atmospheric Model version 5 (CanAM5) is the component of Canadian Earth System Model version 5 (CanESM5) which models atmospheric processes and coupling of the atmosphere with land and lake models. Described in this paper are the main features of CanAM5, with a focus on changes relative to the last major scientific version of the model...

The present study aims to: Examine the influence of dynamical downscaling options (direct versus one-way nesting) and boundary layer schemes (HOLT versus UW) on the simulated PET in comparison with ERA5 reanalysis product as the ground truth of observations of the PET. Examine the dependence of the simulated PET on the global incident solar radiati...

Increased extreme heat events draw attention to the potential of urban nature as a heat adaptation strategy for cities. This is reflected in multiple scientific perspective pieces, policy documents and science media publications advocating for urban greening as a cooling approach. Although attention to the dangers of heat and the benefits of urban...

Thermally driven valley winds and near-surface air temperature inversions are common over complex topography and have a significant impact on the mesoscale weather situation. They both affect the dynamics of air masses and pollutant concentration. Valley winds affect it by favoring exchange between the boundary layer and the free troposphere, and t...

The Philippines is highly vulnerable to multiple climate-related hazards due to its geographical location and weak adaptation measures. Floods are the most catastrophic hazards that impact lives, livelihoods, and, consequently, the economy at large. Understanding the ability of the general circulation models to simulate the observed rainfall using...

Introduction: The significant impact of climate change on temperature is an important topic of discussion as it rises globally. Hence, the present study is designed to investigate the profound influence of climate change on temperature by considering the North Indian States. Methods: In this comprehensive case study, CMIP6 models are used to invest...

Flood is India's most prevalent natural calamity, devastatingly affecting human lives, infrastructure, and agriculture. Predicting floods can help to mitigate the potential damage and conduct timely evacuation drives. This research proposes a deep-learning regression model to forecast flood runoff. Various climatological, hydrological, land, and ve...

Sibuyan Island is experiencing a significant increase in electricity demand due to population growth, urbanization, and industrial development. The island plans to use solar energy, recognizing its abundance and renewable nature; thus, this study was conducted to visualize the spatial distribution of solar exploration suitability using a geographic...

Tipping elements, including the Antarctic Ice Sheet (AIS), are Earth system components that can reach critical thresholds due to anthropogenic emissions. Increasing our understanding of past warm climates can help to elucidate the future contribution of the AIS to emissions. The mid-Pliocene warm period (mPWP, 3.3–3.0 million years ago) serves as a...

No atual contexto da crise climática, diversas pesquisas apontam para o aumento da frequência e magnitude dos eventos extremos que no contexto brasileiro ênfase é dada aos pluviométricos. Nesse sentido, esta pesquisa objetivou identificar a ocorrência de tendências e descontinuidades das chuvas máximas diárias anuais em bacias hidrográficas do lest...

Classical bow echoes (CBEs) normally develop due to rear‐inflow jets, while merger‐formation bow echoes (MFBEs) evolve from the merger between linear systems and preline convection. MFBEs are rarely documented before, and the key processes remain unclear because of the small‐scale and fast‐evolving merging processes. Using radar observations during...

A produção da climatologia no mundo é ditada pelo ritmo das descobertas científicas que ampliam as pesquisas e apresentam novos desafios aos estudiosos, assim como pela interferência dos eventos climáticos nas ações da população de forma direta e indireta, ou pela repercussão que alcançam junto à sociedade. Atentando para isto, o presente trabalho...

RESUMO O objetivo deste artigo é analisar o aspecto urbano e climatológico do bairro da Várzea, utilizando os três subsistemas propostos por Monteiro (1976) no Sistema Climático Urbano (SCU). A metodologia da pesquisa consistiu em quatro etapas: I) Análise termodinâmica; II) Análise hidrometeorológica; III) Análise físico-química; e IV) utilização...

Este trabalho se propõe a realizar uma análise das tendências da precipitação anual do município de Natal, capital do estado do Rio Grande do Norte, ao longo do período de 1931 a 2020. As informações foram coletadas por meio do banco de dados do Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia e da Superintendência de Desenvolvimento do Nordeste e organizadas em...

RESUMO O presente trabalho tem por objetivo estabelecer a relação entre os níveis de poluição atmosférica na baixa atmosfera e o as variáveis climáticas na cidade de Natal, capital do estado do Rio Grande do Norte (RN) e ressaltar a importância de pesquisar como interagem essas variáveis para melhor entender a dinâmica climatológica nas áreas das c...

Growing evidence indicates that a selected group of global-scale waves from the lower atmosphere constitute a significant source of ionosphere-thermosphere (IT, 100–600 km) variability. Due to the geometry of the magnetic field lines, this IT coupling occurs mainly at low latitudes ( < 30°) and is driven by waves originating in the tropical troposp...

Resumo: O estudo acerca do ensino de climatologia, tanto nos bancos escolares, quanto universitário, no âmbito da ciência geográfica, vem apresentando um maior interesse, nos últimos 20 anos. Todavia, grande parte destes, inicialmente se preocupavam em identificar o tipo de climatologia utilizada (separatista ou dinâmica), depois como era apresenta...

As near-surface wind speed plays a role in regulating surface evaporation and thus the hydrological cycle, it is crucial to explore its spatio-temporal characteristics. However, in-situ measurements are scarce over the Tibetan Plateau, limiting the understanding of wind speed climate across this high-elevation region. This study explores the climat...

The objective of this research is to analyze the rainfall anomalies from the Rainfall Anomaly Index (IAC) in relation to the phenomenon El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), in the municipality of Viçosa-MG, through data from automatic and conventional stations for 1925 to 2018. Descriptive statistics revealed that the dry season occurs in winter (A...

The Agro-climatic onset of crop season was calculated for 22 districts of Haryana states. The long period rainfall data from 1987 to 2017 was collected from India Meteorological Department (IMD), New Delhi. The main aim of this study is to obtain the conditions suitable for sowing of crops on the basis of rainfall event in the respective district....

Central Asian orography (namely the Tibetan and Mongolian plateaux) sets important features of the winter climate over eastern Asia and the Pacific. By deflecting the mid-latitude jet polewards it contributes to the formation of the Siberian high and, on the lee side, to the advection of dry cold continental air over the eastern Asian coast and the...

Plasma-neutral coupling in the mesosphere/lower thermosphere strongly depends on the ion-neutral collision frequency across that region. Most commonly, the collision frequency profile is calculated from the climatologies of atmospheric models. However, previous measurements indicated that the collision frequency can deviate notably from the climato...

Due to limited observational data, there remains considerable uncertainty in the estimation and spatiotemporal variations of land surface evapotranspiration (ET). Reanalysis products, with their advantages of high spatiotemporal resolution, global coverage, and long-term data availability, have emerged as powerful tools for studying ET. Nevertheles...

Flash floods are increasingly frequent worldwide. Recent flooding in eastern Ethiopia resulted in casualties, destruction of property and interruptions of service. National flash flood forecasts made today primarily consider precipitation, putting less emphasis on surface processes. Enhancing accurate flash flood forecasts by accounting for surface...

A procedure to adjust rainfall intensity (RI) measurements to account for the wind-induced measurement bias of traditional catching-type gauges is proposed and demonstrated with an application to a suitable case study. The objective is to demonstrate that adjustment curves derived from numerical simulations and disdrometer measurements allow for a...

This study examines potential changes in the summer rainy season of a watershed, using a cumulative rainy deficit curve to define the onset and demise of the rainy season. Historical daily rainfall data from 41 gauge stations within the Xiang River Basin in 1960–2017 were analyzed. Results indicate that the climatology of the onset date is Julian d...

During the melt season, absorbed solar energy, modulated at the surface by albedo, is one of the main governing factors controlling surface melt variability for glaciers in Iceland. An energy balance model was applied with the possibility of utilizing spatiotemporal Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) satellite-derived daily surfa...

Ensemble climatological forecasts play a critical part in benchmarking the predictive performance of hydroclimatic forecasts. Accounting for the skewness and censoring characteristics of hydroclimatic variables, ensemble climatological forecasts can be generated by the log, Box‐Cox and log‐sinh transformations, by the combinations of the Bernoulli...

The Lancang–Mekong River Basin (LMRB) is the largest international river in Southeast Asia, supporting a population of about 70 million people. Precipitation is the main source of water resources in the basin, with significant impacts on ecology, production, and livelihoods in the basin. In this study, future precipitation was projected using the C...

Reference evapotranspiration (ET0) is one important agrometeorological parameter for hydrological studies and climate risk zoning. ET0 calculation by the FAO Penman–Monteith method requires several input data. However, the availability of climate data has been a problem in many places around the world, so the study of scenarios with different combi...

Remote sensing of snow cover has become a key tool for study. Temporal and spatial patterns of snow cover and snow cover development Regional climatology Aqua/Terra MODIS images for about 20 years, we were able to obtain daily snow cover data with a spatial resolution of 500 meters. In this research, the spatio-temporal variations of snow-covered d...

Drylines occur regularly during summer over the interior of sub‐tropical southern Africa. The highest frequency of drylines is over the western interior where it is also climatologically much drier than the eastern parts. An existing drylines dataset is compared with lightning data between 2010 and 2021, to determine how often drylines were associa...

In coastal regions and marginal bodies of water, the increase in partial pressure of carbon dioxide ( p CO 2 ) in many instances is greater than that of the open ocean due to terrestrial (river, estuarine, and wetland) influences, decreasing buffering capacity and/or increasing water temperatures. Coastal oceans receive freshwater from rivers and g...

Previous studies proposed convective limits on Northern Hemisphere 500-hPa temperature from a maximum of ~−3 °C in the tropics to a minimum of ~−42 °C in the Arctic. Here, we further explore this topic using three current generation reanalyses. All three reanalyses indicate that there has been statistically significant trends in the yearly maximums...

A new procedure to obtain a longitudinally varying and slowly evolving atmospheric background state for the analysis of Rossby waveguides is described and discussed. The procedure is a rolling zonalization scheme, redistributing Ertel potential vorticity in a moving window to separate waves from the background. Waveguides are subsequently diagnosed...

Kenya has had five failed rain seasons for the last three years. In this context, there was a mass recurrent crop failure, death of livestock and wildlife, persistent water scarcity, and droughts of varying intensities. There have been a lot of challenges in assessing climate change and variability impacts in Kenya due to limited data sources. Furt...

Temperature and precipitation are two important meteorological parameters, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. As a result, it is necessary to know the amount of these parameters, their changes and predict these phenomena, in order to have more accurate planning in the management of agricultural, economic and etc. The aim of this study is num...

Plain Language Summary Indices computed using 2‐m air temperature and precipitation are used to represent extreme climate events such as heat waves, cold waves, heavy precipitation, and drought. Some indices are defined relative to percentile‐based thresholds, which are computed using a baseline climatology period. The baseline climatology is typic...

The seasonal cycle is the dominant mode of variability in the air‐sea CO 2 flux in most regions of the global ocean, yet discrepancies between different seasonality estimates are rather large. As part of the Regional Carbon Cycle Assessment and Processes phase 2 project (RECCAP2), we synthesize surface ocean p CO 2 and air‐sea CO 2 flux seasonality...

Extreme precipitation events and associated flash floods caused by synoptic cyclonic systems profoundly impact society and the environment, particularly in arid regions. This study brings forward a satellite-reanalysis-based approach to quantify extreme precipitation characteristics over the Sinai Peninsula (SiP) in Egypt from a statistical–synopti...

Human resources are one of the most important factors in determining the success of a project. Measurement of human resources is expressed in numerical values measured by workers based on influencing variables. The purpose of this study was to determine what factors influence the characteristics of workers on the work performance of a construction...

The lifetime of sulfur dioxide (SO2) in the Earth's atmosphere varies from orders of hours to weeks, mainly depending on whether cloud water is present or not. The volcanic eruption on Ambae Island, Vanuatu, in July 2018 injected a large amount of SO2 into the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UT/LS) region with abundant cloud cover. In-clo...

The current understanding of tornado climatology centers on the Storm Prediction Center's tornado database (ONETOR) which dates back to 1950. To understand tornado climatology before this date, a secondary database (STORGIS) of digitized tornado records over the period 1880–1989 are used. Here, the ONETOR database and STORGIS data set are compared...

Plain Language Summary The El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO)‐induced atmospheric anomalies over the North Pacific and North America (PNA region) are more westward during La Niña relative to that during El Niño in boreal winter. The disparity of atmospheric responses causes discernible distinct climate implications, and limits the seasonal predict...

Plain Language Summary A symmetric inner‐core rainfall structure, sometimes manifested as a precipitating ring, has been long regarded as a precursor for tropical cyclone (TC) rapid intensification (RI). However, recent studies have increasingly reported TCs that intensify rapidly with salient rainfall asymmetry, which is characterized by concentra...

The Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of the Arctic Climate (MOSAiC, 2019/2020), a year-long drift with the Arctic sea ice, has provided the scientific community with an unprecedented, multidisciplinary dataset from the Eurasian Arctic Ocean, covering high atmosphere to deep ocean across all seasons. However, the heterogeneity of...

Climate model evaluation presents a crucial pathway into the investigation of the simulation of future climate. It presents the only lens through which the future states of the climate of the planet can be explored. In this study, reference datasets including reanalysis products have been used to demonstrate the climatological annual migration of t...

Satellite-based precipitation retrievals such as the Integrated Multi-satellite Retrievals for Global Precipitation Measurement (IMERG), provide alternative data in mountainous regions. In this study, we evaluated IMERG in the Yarlung Tsangbo Grand Canyon (YGC) using ground observations. It was found that IMERG underestimated the total rainfall pri...

Exploring planetary atmospheres, particularly Mars, captivates planetary science. Mars' thin, CO2-rich atmosphere poses a unique puzzle involving composition, climate history, and habitability. Understanding Mars' atmosphere not only reveals insights about the planet but also aids in comprehending atmospheres across the cosmos. This study aims to i...

Assessing the capacity of numerical models to produce viable tropical cyclones, as well as assessing the climatological behavior of simulated tropical cyclones, requires an objective tracking method. These make use of parameter thresholds to determine whether a detected feature, such as a vorticity maximum or a warm core, is strong enough to indica...

Frequency of extreme weather events such as cloudbursts, heatwaves etc. have increased as an outcome of changing climate. Identification of the pattern of extreme temperature events is important since it governs various events such as heatwaves, wildfires, droughts, storms, coldwaves etc. Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) provid...

The influence of biomass burning (BB) emissions on the transient coupled evolution of ENSO is explored in CESM2 using composite satellite-retrieved emissions during recent El Niño and La Niña events. For both El Niño and La Niña, four 20-member ensembles are generated from CESM2 initial states that are predisposed to evolve into ENSO events. For ea...

Earth system models (ESMs) can help to improve the understanding of climate-induced cryospheric–hydrological impacts in complex mountain regions, such as High Mountain Asia (HMA). Coarse ESM grids, however, have difficulties in representing cryospheric–hydrological processes that vary over short distances in complex mountainous environments. Variab...

Black flies are blood-sucking insects of public health importance, and they are effective vectors of pathogens and parasites, such as filarial nematodes of the genus Onchocerca. Our previous surveys have shown that individuals of Simulium turgaicum are annoying pests of humans and livestock in the Aras River Basin of Iran. In the present study, adu...

A comprehensive and robust dataset of tropospheric aerosol properties is important for understanding the effects of aerosol-radiation feedback on the climate system and reducing the uncertainties of climate models. The third pole of Earth (Tibetan Plateau, TP) is highly challenging to obtain long-term in situ aerosol data due to its harsh environme...

Shrubland and forestland covers are highly prone to fire. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) has been widely used for biomass quantitative assessment. The objectives of this study were as follows: (1) to compute the NDVI annual curve for two types of land cover eucalypts and shrubland areas; (2) to collect field data in these two typ...

Climate change has the potential to impact weather patterns that drive the Queensland wave climate and increase the intensity of extreme events such as tropical cyclones and east coast lows, due to a widening of the tropics. This will likely result in a changing wave climate, an increase of erosion events and subsequent coastal morphological change...

In mid-March 2021, one of the strongest dust storms of the last decade hit East Asia with adverse impacts on socio-economic activities and loss of life. The aim of this study is to assess the atmospheric dynamics involved in the temporal evolution of the Mongolian extra-tropical cyclone driving the dust event in different dust source regions in Eas...

GNSS meteorology refers to the use of the effect of the atmosphere on the propagation of the GNSS radio signals to derive information on the state of the neutral atmosphere. With the continuous observations from GNSS receivers both from satellite platform and ground permanent stations, it has become an excellent tool for studying the earth atmosphe...

Background: Environmentally-mediated protozoan diseases like cryptosporidiosis and giardiasis are likely to be highly impacted by extreme weather, as climate-related conditions like temperature and precipitation have been linked to their survival, distribution, and overall transmission success. Objectives: Our aim was to investigate the relationshi...

Climate variation in temperature describes the fluctuations that occur above or below the average temperature over time. This study focuses on the analysis of various approaches for calculating the average temperature to better capture and represent the true average temperature over the course of a day. As the conventional approach often fails to i...

Citation: Markantonis, I.; Sfetsos, A.; Vlachogiannis, D.; Kioutsioukis, I.; Michalopoulou, A.; Kilikoglou, V.; Karatasios, I. Investigation of Climate Change Impacts on the Building Materials of Archeological Monuments. Environ. Sci. Proc. 2023, 26, 120. https://doi. Abstract: Weather conditions affect the microclimate of architectural monuments....