Climate Change Adaptation - Science topic

I think that this is possible through the usage of qualitative methodologies like the Loop analysis. In fact, by considering the effects of climate change on both the social and ecological spheres, it can be understood the influence of this negative phenomenon with respect to cultural heritage.

Possibly, proxies may be used, such as the native population or the number of people visiting museums and enrolling in humanities studies. However, it would be important to take into account also government incentives and plans, to avoid errors and bias.

When soil is cultivated it causes the release of carbon dioxide into the air as soil organic matter oxidizes. Reducing the amount of soil disturbance and moving towards lower-tillage systems can reduce this flow of carbon from the soil, but it will not suit all situations. Selecting energy-efficient technologies is another way to reduce direct carbon emissions. Energy efficiency is about consuming less energy to get the same amount of work with the help of innovative design and technologies. Project managers must collaborate with technology partners to explore energy efficiency options. This can be done by taking plant matter such as wood, cork, hemp and algae that has captured atmospheric carbon via photosynthesis and using it directly. Alternatively, it can be turned into other materials that store carbon more permanently. Carbon footprints can be reduced through improving energy efficiency and changing lifestyles and purchasing habits. Switching one's energy and transportation use can have an impact on primary carbon footprints. A digital carbon footprint refers to the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions that digital technology resources, devices, tools and platforms produce. The environmental effects of the internet and digital technology tend to be out of sight, out of mind. Nevertheless, those environmental costs are real. EPA and Colorado State University have developed the Agriculture and Land Use Greenhouse Gas Inventory (ALU) Software to guide inventory compilers through the process of estimating GHG emissions and removals related to agricultural and forestry activities. Reducing your carbon footprint is important because it mitigates the effects of global climate change, improves public health, boosts the global economy, and maintains biodiversity. When we cut carbon emissions we help ensure cleaner air, water, and food for our generation and for generations yet to come.

The global climate crisis has exacerbated gender inequality around the world. Women are often more vulnerable than men to climatic variability and extremes based on a variety of factors, including socially constructed roles and responsibilities, limited access to and control over resources, muted voices in decision-making, restricted rights, and limited access to education. All these factors contribute to preventing women from standing up against climate catastrophes on their own. Poor women are particularly at risk from environmental stresses caused by the increased frequency and intensity of climate-induced droughts, floods, heat waves, deforestation, and the accompanying scarcity of natural resources, given that they have access to even fewer opportunities and resources. Women are the primary gatherers of water, food, and fuel, and they dominate subsistence farming, caregiving, and cleaning. These duties are more prone to feel the effects of environmental degradation and rising global temperatures as they rely heavily upon natural resources. Women give greater priority to protection of and improving the capacity of nature, maintaining farming lands, and caring for nature and environment's future. Repeated studies have shown that women have a stake in environment, and this stake is reflected in the degree to which they care about natural resources. South Asian women proactively employ their own traditional ecological knowledge and skill set to adapt to the constant changes in their environments, lives, and livelihoods. In South Asia's rural areas, women are the primary caretakers of the households. There is a significant body of literature on gender and climate change, which shows that women and men perceive and experience climate change differently, and usually women are more vulnerable due to their dependence on natural resources and structural inequity in their access and control of such resources. The simple view of women as a homogenous group is shifting toward a more complex view of identities within gender. Multiple social, economic, and cultural characteristics interact with gender in influencing power inequities and explaining how and why people face and manage climate change and environmental stresses in different ways.

Dear Muhammed Munaim,

Yes, that is correct. The issues of limiting and reducing CO2 and other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere are very broad. The issue of reducing CO2 emissions is part of the multi-faceted issue of a pro-environmental and pro-climate transformation of the energy sector, including the development of renewable and zero-carbon energy sources. In addition, the relevant issues of pro-environmental and pro-climate transformation of the economy include the development of zero-emission means of transport, zero-energy building technologies, green building, sustainable organic agriculture, etc. The transition from a classic, brown economy based, among other things, on dirty, emission-intensive combustion energy to a sustainable, zero-emission, green circular economy requires the creation and implementation of new, eco-innovative energy and green technologies in order to get to a zero-emission economy as quickly as possible. The sooner this plan is implemented, the more the progressive process of global warming will be slowed down and the negative effects of the climate crisis reduced. Therefore, taking into account the issue of narrowing down the above issues, I propose the following topic for your thesis: An analysis of the determinants limiting the industrial-scale deployment of new, eco-innovation and green energy technologies necessary to smoothly and as quickly as possible achieve a zero-carbon economy. In terms of these limiting determinants, technological, financial, economic, social and political aspects, or just a selection of them, may be included.

Best regards,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

Despite a small amount of uncertainty, scientists find climate models of the 21st century to be pretty accurate because they are based on well-founded physical principles of earth system processes. This basis solidifies the confidence of the scientific community that human emissions are changing the climate, which will impact the entire planet.

Ilan Kelman

No such information exist in your suggested report "annual report for Lancet Countdown".

Hi Kasra Motlaghzadeh ,

thanks for your interesting discussion issue and the useful literature materials that you shared.

RCPs and SSPs are forcing scenarios, needed to implement climate projections. Indeed, consider that projections are different from forecats, from a mathematical point of view. Projections require forcing inputs, like RCPs and SSPs are. SSPs are older scenarios respect to RCPs (introduced in the AR5), and, as you said, in its last report IPCC introduced a "combination" of RCPs and SSPs.

Now I go to the detail of RCPs using. These concentration pathways were originally: 2.6, 4.5, 6, and 8.5. The RCP 2.6 is the most 'optimistic', whereas RCP 8.5 is the most 'pessimistic'. If in your work you will use an RCP 8.5 you will observe the strongest increasing of ambient air temperature, or reductions of precipitation amounts or variations in wind speed directions, whereas using RCP 2.6 you will observe the projections of a global warming much more contained than RCP 8.5. Therefore, the use of anyone of the RCPs is at your choice, depending on what the goals of your work are.

I hope I have expressed the concepts clearly

Best regards

Claudio

Investment into resilience can align with sustainable development goals, improving quality of life, stimulating the economy, and protecting the environment while safeguarding areas against the onset of climate change. Resilience is the ability of a system to absorb, withstand and bounce back after an adverse event. https://www.eesi.org/topics/adaptation-resilience/description

Data on illiteracy, poverty, and unemployment rates can be searched

Dear Saeideh Baghanian

You can easily use CDO in window 10 by installing Ubuntu's terminal as a window application in window 10. Kindly follow the six steps below:-

step1: Open your window 10 and go to search are and then search the word turn window features on or off as illustrated in image1 (step1) attached below.

step2: from the popup window resulting due to step1, Scroll down until you see Window Subsystem for Linux and check it (tick) then click ok and restart your computer.

AIM OF STEPS 1 & 2: Is to create an environment for using Ubuntu (Linux) in Windows 10.

Step3: After finishing to restart your computer then search for Microsoft store and then click the app store as illustrated in image 3 (step3)

step4: After opening the Microsoft store then search Ubuntu and then install the latest version as illustrated in image 4 (step4).

step5: Open the Ubuntu terminal (App) and then create your username and password and finally update the ubuntu packages by using the command sudo apt-get update as shown in image 5 (step5).

step6: then install CDO by using the command sudo apt-get install cdo

# error

cdo: error while loading shared libraries: libQt5Core.so.5: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

sudo strip --remove-section=.note.ABI-tag /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQt5Core.so.5

Dear Fikrat M Hassan , this is the fine upcoming event.

International programme of workshops and debates brings together government ministers, university leaders, innovators and students to set a new agenda for how higher education can help accelerate the global transition to net zero...

The ideas of environmentalists and the public to create a clean planet are clear in ideological terms, and of course we all strive for them.

However, the technical specifics of the plans and actions of "Net zero emission" raises many doubts.

Thus, the plans of companies to restore ecosystems and forests can lead to the purchase of land for free from poor farmers in developing countries.

Compensatory measures of enterprises (restoration of forests, land, carbon capture, etc.) may be minimal in comparison with the reduction of emissions at their own production facilities along all supply chains and in the process of consumption of released goods.

On the part of enterprises, various manipulations are possible with the withdrawal of operations with the highest level of emissions to companies and countries where there is no carbon regulation.

In this sense, "Net zero emission" is a slogan.

In order to turn the slogans of environmentalists into specifics, it is necessary to switch to clean production based on promising energy carriers. The transition to a new technological structure will completely prevent industrial emissions and there are plenty of specific technical opportunities.

One of the possibilities is to switch to electron-beam energy carriers:

The research questions can read like this

Could there be a link between forest fires and climate change?

Climate Change Performance Index is an independent monitoring tool for tracking the climate protection performance of 57 countries and the EU. It aims to enhance transparency in international climate politics and enables comparison of climate protection efforts and progress made by individual countries.

Source: https://germanwatch.org/en/19552

Hi dear Divyesh.

Today, the growing need of society for buildings and housing, the need to use new building systems and materials to increase the speed of construction, lightening, increase useful life and earthquake resistance of buildings has become more and more. In this regard, upgrading the scientific and professional level of the engineering community and familiarity with new systems and building materials in order to apply these systems, is inevitable. Solving problems such as long construction time, low useful life or high cost of construction of buildings in the housing sector requires the provision of solutions for practical use of new building systems and new building materials to reduce weight, reduce construction time, more durability and ultimately reduce costs. Is run. These measures are considered essential for sustainable development. Also, in the long run, these efforts will reduce the waste of construction materials and consequently meet environmental needs, optimize construction, increase housing production and achieve optimal operating conditions. On the other hand, such developments will lead to the expansion of infrastructure investments in the housing sector, especially by the private sector, which will help governments achieve their housing goals.

Draft Order of the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation "On approval of methodological recommendations and targets on adaptation to climate change"

The guidelines for assessing climate risks establish common approaches for their assessment.

Thus, for territories, a unified list of natural hazards and phenomena that occur in the atmosphere, hydrosphere, cryosphere and lithosphere is considered as a source of risk. For each of these risk sources, quantitative indicators of the intensity, prevalence, and duration of exposure are provided. In addition to the territorial reference, an approach is used based on the threshold (critical) values of climatic factors, exceeding which with a high degree of probability will lead to the loss of operability (termination of normal functioning) or the elimination of infrastructure and other objects.

Methodological recommendations for ranking adaptation measures according to their priority level are based on the need to identify adaptation needs and develop appropriate adaptation measures.

At the same time, a risk-based approach (measures that reduce the overall level of climate risks for the territory and / or industry) and a benefit-based approach (measures that allow the regional and / or industry levels to use the opportunities arising from climate change) can be used to develop adaptation measures. The ranking of adaptation measures is based on the contribution of these measures to reduce the level of risk or vulnerability of the affected objects, or the effect of using new opportunities. At the same time, the weight of each of these factors is determined by the subject of adaptation independently based on the specifics of the characteristic climate risks and the activities carried out. Examples of adaptation measures depending on climate risk and an approximate form for ranking adaptation measures according to their priority are attached.

Methodological recommendations for the formation of industry, regional and corporate plans for adaptation to climate change combine the results of the use of the above recommendations.

The main task of the prepared adaptation plans is to determine the list of priority adaptation measures that are characterized by a high effect at a relatively low cost.

It also provides targets for achieving climate change adaptation goals, which include federal, sectoral and regional indicators and are designed to analyze the effectiveness of climate change adaptation measures and monitor the implementation of climate change adaptation plans (national, sectoral and regional).

Check the following link

Really nice, interested and important question.

Keep it up !

Krishnan Umachandran I agree with him. Very good answer.

Dear Butu,

Do you want to relate cellular automaton to climate change and sustainability research with business?

If you want to do this I can collaborate.

Bon courage et bonne chance Olfa

In the sense of your question, this scientific contribution shows an interesting contribution. I hope you find it useful.

You can use Standard Precipitation Index, RDI, Streamflow index- All these indices will give you an idea about how these climatic and hydrologic variables influences the productivity. Both extremes such as floods and droughts can be captured, and can be linked to weather based insurance

Yes it affects the groundwater by it's negative impact on soil filtration and raising temperature degrees which reduce the amount of groundwater

…

Climate change and global warming have severe consequences for the survival of scleractinian (reef-building) corals and their associated ecosystems.... Crabbe, M. J. C. (2008). Climate change, global warming and coral reefs: Modelling the effects of temperature. Computational Biology and Chemistry, 32(5), 311-314.

I suppose that these references may be useful :

https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107706033.006

Possible, with law enforcements.

Dear Ammar A. Oglat, Sasa Bakrac, Md. Hasanuzzaman, Marwah Firas Abdullah Al-Rawe, , Dear Colleagues and Friends from RG, Thank you for the proposed interesting issues in the field Probably the future of humanity in the 21st century depends probably on the next dozen or so years?

Thank you very much for the sent suggestions of interesting topics, research issues, etc. related to this issue.The issue is indeed developmental. You described the problem very well. I fully agree with your opinion on this topic. Thank you very much for an inspiring, interesting and substantive answer. Your statements confirm that the above-mentioned issues are current and developing. In view of the above, in my opinion, in recent years the importance of issue Implementation of The Principles of Sustainable Economy Development as a key element of Pro-ecological transformation of The Economy towards Green Economy and Circular Economy.

Thank you very much and best regards,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

Dr Juan Carlos Torrico , thank you for your comment! You argue that population should be part of the process regarding how facing its owns problems in a sustainable way.

We all know that COVID 19 became pandemic that affected over 187 countries of the world, and thus causing high morbidity and mortality. COVID-19 pandemic has a serious impact on every thing including health, and economy. Therefore, people perceived COVID-19 more different than other global crisis, such as climate change/ global warming, and other communicable and non-communicable diseases.

Please consult the following site

Please go to this link :

Thank you Nanco Dolman and sounds exciting! Excellent that disasters is a focus, so that climate change could be placed within that context. A few aspects of understanding disasters:

1. Book https://global.oup.com/academic/product/disaster-by-choice-9780198841340

2. Paper https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pdisas.2019.100008

3. Commentary https://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/disaster-choice/202005/does-nature-play-disaster-games

4. Commentary https://www.psychologytoday.com/gb/blog/disaster-choice/202005/does-climate-change-cause-disasters

It is obvious from these answers that can be a variety of approaches.

This paper way (on Research Gate too) among others as I said can be one of the such a path to be use.

All the best. Doru

Natural and anthropogenic driving forces as key elements in the Lower Danube Basin–South-Eastern Carpathians–North-Western Black Sea coast area lakes: a broken stepping stones for fish in a climatic change scenario?

I do not believe it is. Many people and companies are seeing the signs and disregarding them.

If interested in mean changes and want to cover full spectrum of future projections (Cold-Dry, Cold-Wet, Warm-Dry, Warm-Wet), use envelope-based approach (four corners with combinations of 10th and 90th percentiles of precipitation and temperature)

If interested in extremes, then use GCM-history vs. GCM-future. (Based on ETCCDI, e.g., CDD, CSDI, CWD, R99pTOT, WSDI, etc.) --- Rclimdex can be used to calculate ETCCDI

If you want to see whether GCMs can represent observed climate at present and near past then you need to compare GCM-history and Observed-history. Statistical indices can be used for this purpose.

If interested in Bias Correction, CMhyd is a handy tool to do that.

Hey Faci,

I just attached a picture and hope it will help you.

Best

Snehal Nagarsheth thank you, will read up about it!

All of these advances inevitably led to the assumption that new resources were not needed in the development process. This is due to the fact that based on fossil fuels - on the other hand.In reality, this contrast is far from straightforward and requires more thoughtful study. Carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS) and methane management technologies at all stages of the increment in the cost of energy from fossil sources can help fulfill large-scale tasks to reduce CO2 emissions while fossil fuels are still part of the energy system. Thus, these measures allow fossil fuels to become part of the solution, rather than remain part of the problem. A rational economy plays an important role in the energy systems of each technology.

First of all there are a lot of statements describing the effect of climate change on agriculture. Some of them were shown before and I will add an additional one: https://19january2017snapshot.epa.gov/climate-impacts/climate-impacts-agriculture-and-food-supply_.html

Some papers with discussion on the Common Agricultural Policy and climate change:

1. https://science.sciencemag.org/content/365/6452/449.summary

2. https://conbio.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/j.1755-263X.2011.00214.x

3. https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-agricultural-science/article/impacts-of-greening-measures-and-flat-rate-regional-payments-of-the-common-agricultural-policy-on-scottish-beef-and-sheep-farms/F9CD83C0DF3FF37ACB10BBBE4F6CBF51

4.

The 'Boy-Child' returns in 2020: This time, will it devastate us? And what do we do now, to prepare for it's return?

https://www.moneyweb.co.za/news-fast-news/scientists-predict-el-nino-in-2020-based-on-earlier-warning-method/

The term resilience has been popular in multiple disciplines for several decades, and there are thousands of definitions especially from the food security perspective but it is now commonly used within the field of climate change and disaster risk management, with definitions: The ability of a social or ecological system to absorb disturbances while retaining the same basic structure and ways of functioning, the capacity for self-organization, and the capacity to adapt to stress and change (IPCC, 2014).

The capacity of a social-ecological system to anticipate, mitigate, absorb, adapt and transform withstand perturbations and other songstress such that the system remains within the same regime, essentially maintaining its structure and functions and recover from the effects of a hazard in a timely and efficient manner, including through the preservation and restoration of its essential basic structures and functions (http://www.resalliance.org/key-concepts). From this definition and other supportive literature the researcher developed five major resilience dimensions or capacities which are anticipation, mitigation, absorptive, adaptive and trans formative with multiple indicators under each resilience dimensions. And the model which will be preferable to address this object is

there for since resilience is multidimensional and system level you can develop indicators at different levels such as:

1. Anticipative

2. Mitigative

3. Absorbative

4.Adaptive and

5Transformative finally you can measure based on the resilience index method

Thank you Wilson Truman Okaka sir. I am at least understand, from your clarification that we can speak for gender issue and not necessarily make it biased by putting female in gender issue. Definitely true and I am very much aware on that. But, I don't know why, I am not interested to lead as an author for this issue which is completely describing women in climate change process. That is the reason I am searching lead author.

Thank you Vaibhav Amarsinh Rajemahadik sir for your words. Hope we could bring some important issue in the forum.

Thank you all. Comments and suggestions are appreciable.

Many thanks Mr. Mitra and Macedo!

Your mentioned factors are significantly different with each others and I think it is difficult to reach a logical theoretical model with them.

This is a multi-factor problem. Good question, but the answer is not so simple

You'll have to model each (sub-region) individually for future effects of rainfall and temperature ranges but also look at wind patterns and storm events.

You will then need to look at the heritage stock and assess how the building fabric responds to the new (modelled) climatic realities. You can do so by looking at the performance and response to climatic events over the past 30 years . Look at the extreme events and possibly use them as new normal.

The next issue will be the state of the heritage assets and the funding that currently goes into maintenance, both private funding for private buildings and public monies for community-owned assets. What is the trend here? That trend can be forward projected.

You will then also need to take into account the projected impact of climate change on the economic capacity of the private citizens and of the local governments. That will vary from region to region, but will have an impact on the future capacity and willingness to pay for repairs.

When you have all of this in hand, you ned to develop a set of evaluation criteria with relative weighting , which then provide you with a numeric value of future risk that incorporates environmnetal and socio-economic factors.

I agree with madam Pragya

Regards

Hi Diogo,

I would recommend that you consult the Terra Viva Grants directory: https://terravivagrants.org/. This directory lists many grants (both small and larger-scale) within the field of biodiversity, conservation and environmental science.

Good luck in your search for funding!

Thank you Bryan.

I knew two of them, great! These links are very interesting.

They are very useful.

Best,

Francisco

Not sure if this is what you are looking for but in the Steigerwald region , Germany, the local conservation concept of Ebrach State Forest Enterprise includes active deadwood accumulation as a main pillar for habitat restoration. The beetle Bolitophagus reticulatus e.g. benefits from this strategy: it is now colonizing formerly intensively managed stands where deadwood was a scarce resource before. Maybe this management practice could be seen as a form of assisted migration too.

it is true that natural gas, when burned, emits less carbon dioxide than other fossil fuels, carbon dioxide is not the only greenhouse gas. Unfortunately, methane’s contribution to climate change is routinely misreported by the media and government agencies. Recent science has shown that methane, when released into the atmosphere, is 86 to 105 times as powerful as carbon dioxide at disrupting the climate over a 20-year period.

Hi;

I guess dose-response function type of estimation might help. The impact might have reflected on some other human activities like recreation, etc. which can to captured using some non-market valuation method as well.

Resham

1. Clouds reflect some of the incoming sunlight back into space. So, it cools the Earth.

2. Clouds warm the Earth by absorbing infrared radiation emitted from the surface and re-radiating it back down. The process traps heat like a blanket and slows the rate at which the surface can cool. So, it warms the Earth’s surface.

3. But the amount of cooling effect produced due to reflecting back of the solar radiation into space is more than the amount of heating effect produced due to blanketing effect.

4. Thus, the net effect of clouds on the climate is to cool the surface.

"Combat climate change" was the blatant bias reveal. Seriously, my research question would be: What percentage of the adult American population thinks "the nexus of forests and climate change" is an important topic (and why)?

Dr Maryam Hafezparast , I have been using WEAP Model sice last 5 years and also delivered many lectures on it also workshops.

Pleas let me know, how I ca use WEAP for this purpose. Can you please further elaborate me so that I can follow your suggestions.

I did not how to use ANNs but over WEAP I have well command upto expert level.

Regards

Naveed.

Mafalda Melo Oliveira ...... Good question..

Based on the structural design... Yes Its can.. but the applicability of achieving that is the important issue...

Please share me the best answer might you trust...

Regards…

Dariusz Prokopowicz In my opinion a big data database will not help scientists and researchers to predinct a flood. I believe that a big data model can predinct wheather for maybe the next 2 or 4 weeks but not for longer terms.

I'm in flood protection and flood analysis and not so familiar with athmospheric research. We are now at the point to make precipation-runoff-models more acuratly in small watersheds and we are struggeling with a deficit of data to calibrate the system. Now it is nearly impossible to forecast a runoff in larger watersheds.

The main reasons are infiltration, evaporation and the land use. E.g. it is very important to know in which direction the farmers plough their land or when a meadow at the embankment was mown. These informations are hard to collect and

they decides about a 20 year flood or a 200 year flood.

About the big global climate change flood I cannot say very much. When we working on flood protection in estuaries, we are working with 3mm per year for the next 50 years to include the sea level rise.

If a big data database can predinct this more accurate I dont believe.

Barry: Since Nature jumbles genes constantly, there should be no prohibition to our adding our contribution via sound science. My only hesitation over GMO is that corporations might reduce basic foods to tasteless meals! Making the flavor better and the visuals more pleasing is a BIG OK with me!

This is a great question and one I recently took a stab at answering: https://works.bepress.com/daniel_aldrich/42/

Climate change has been global issues and it is necessary to develop strategies to cope risk associated with climatic risk. Microfinance institution can protect farmers who borrow loan from them. We can see successful example of credit gurantee system in Nepal and India.