Science topic
Christianity - Science topic
The religion stemming from the life, teachings, and death of Jesus Christ: the religion that believes in God as the Father Almighty who works redemptively through the Holy Spirit for men's salvation and that affirms Jesus Christ as Lord and Savior who proclaimed to man the gospel of salvation. (From Webster, 3d ed)
Questions related to Christianity
Introduction
Halloween is celebrated annually on October 31st and has its roots in the ancient Celtic festival of Samhain. Over centuries, the significance and customs surrounding this holiday have evolved, transforming it into a festive occasion filled with entertainment and creativity in modern society. This paper explores the historical background, the evolution of customs, and the contemporary cultural significance of Halloween.
I. Historical Background
1.1 The Celts and Samhain
The origins of Halloween can be traced back to the 5th century BCE among the Celts. In the Celtic calendar, November 1st marked the beginning of the new year, symbolizing the arrival of winter and the end of summer. To celebrate this moment, the Celts held the festival of Samhain, believing that on this night, the boundary between the living and the dead became blurred, allowing spirits to return to the earthly realm. To ward off these spirits, people would light bonfires and wear costumes.
1.2 Christian Influence
With the spread of Christianity, the church sought to incorporate pagan festivals into Christian traditions. In the 9th century, Pope Gregory IV designated November 1st as All Saints' Day, a day to honor all saints. October 31st became known as All Hallows' Eve, a night of celebration and remembrance for the deceased. This transformation allowed Halloween to gradually intertwine with Christian traditions while retaining many of its Celtic customs.
II. Evolution of Customs
2.1 Traditional Practices
Many of Halloween's customs stem from ancient Celtic beliefs. For instance, lighting bonfires and carving pumpkins (originally turnips) were ways to ward off evil spirits and honor the dead. Families and friends would gather on this night to share food and stories, fostering a sense of closeness.
2.2 Modern Celebrations
By the 20th century, Halloween celebrations became increasingly popular in the United States and other countries. Modern Halloween typically includes activities such as "trick-or-treating," costume parties, and Halloween-themed events. Children dress up in various costumes and go door-to-door collecting candy, while adults engage in social gatherings and decorate their homes to enhance the festive atmosphere.
III. Significance in Contemporary Culture
3.1 Commercialization
Halloween has evolved into a significant commercial holiday. Retailers attract consumers with a wide array of decorations, candy, and costumes, leading Halloween-related spending to surpass that of many traditional holidays. According to statistics, Halloween spending has continued to grow in recent years, making it the second-largest commercial holiday in the United States, following Christmas.
3.2 Social and Cultural Reflection
In contemporary society, Halloween serves not only as a time of celebration but also as a reflection on death and life. Through costumes and festivities, people express their fears, humor, and acceptance of death. Additionally, Halloween provides an opportunity for individuals to showcase their creativity and personality, fostering community engagement and interaction.
Conclusion
As a holiday with deep historical roots, Halloween carries rich cultural and historical significance. From the ancient Celtic festival of Samhain to modern celebrations, Halloween is not just a time for merriment but also a profound contemplation of life and death. As society continues to evolve, the meanings and ways of celebrating Halloween will also change, highlighting the diversity and creativity of human culture.
Dear Community,
I have a molecule with an aldehyd group that I want to reduce to the alcohol. The molecule also has two esther groups. When I react the molecule with NaBH4 (1 eq.) under soft conditions (room temperature, 3h) no reduction is taking place, under harsh conditions (heat, over night) also the esther groups are reduced. [Solvent THF in both cases]
Does anyone have a recommendation for suitable reaction conditions for NaBH4 reduction? Or experience with NaBH4 reductions?
Best regards,
Christian
AI can enhance Spiritual Intelligence.
Plz check the debate between P.K. and Chat GPT in the link below. The Miracle Equation is the proof of the Christian Trinity in nature. This is verified by Chat GPT in a fastidious manner. The digital duty of every member of this group is to respond with comments, likes etc in a matured manner.
Can we make the earth's faults resistant and prevent it from breaking? And have safe and secure homes?
There are several ways to prevent ground faults from shaking. According to most geologists, what causes the rupture of the earth's fault and the strong shaking of the fault and the release of energy from the center of the earthquake from the fault and the L waves or the P, S and L waves from inside the earth, is excessive pressure on the fault in millions of years. And most importantly, the penetration of water, humidity and cold into the faults is more in the cold seasons of the year; It happens like autumn, winter and spring and also in the early morning and night. And it causes the energy inside them to be released, and check this in the time series of several years of earthquakes, we understand the reason for the cold and water penetration into the faults, especially at night and early morning when the weather gets colder. This rupture of faults is more in the early morning and most earthquakes occur in the early morning from 4 am to 6 am or from 9 pm to 2 am. Underground and fault is easier. And now geologists have realized that man himself can create earthquakes in 3 or 4 ways, i.e. artificial earthquakes. For example, in the faults and in the parts where there is displacement in the folded layers of the earth, by digging Amin wells and injecting water pressure into these wells, it penetrates the layers inside the fault and causes energy to be released from within. They fall to the ground. The energy and rupture of the fault generated from the center of the artificial earthquake was created so that it would not shake too much and prevent continuous shaking. And then by filling it with reinforced concrete, it becomes like a nail in the ground, which can prevent the faults of the ground from breaking, because it is also mentioned in the Holy Quran. that mountains are like nails on the earth because mountains prevent the earth from shaking and we humans can create artificial earthquakes on the earth and prevent the eternal shaking of the earth in the fault zone and it is not only nature that nails like A mountain is like a mountain, humans themselves can create it, i.e. artificially create nails in the earth. These nails tighten the faults and prevent them from constantly vibrating. Of course, this experiment was conducted by geologists in the Texas region of America in 1946, when the oil well was at a shallow depth and they had to drill a well next to the oil well. Injection of water or a solution of water and salt. cause the well oil to rise. After a while they saw; An earthquake occurred in the Texas region of America for a week, and after that, geologists realized that the injection of salt and water solution in the anticline region of this region, where there was also a fault, caused the faults to break and create an artificial one. Earthquake in the region and the release of energy and this earthquake shows that humans can also cause earthquakes. Of course, earthquakes can be caused by other methods, one is like the explosion of a bomb on a fault. Like the bomb explosion in Mallard Karaj region in Alborz province in 1379 at 2:00 p.m. Tahir, 5 provinces that were on the Mesha fault shook and everyone felt it because with the explosion of this bomb that was used for testing in the military area, it suddenly exploded. and took responsibility. They were killed and injured, but because it was on the Masha fault, and this fault starts from about 400 kilometers from Abiq Qazvin and continues to the north of Semnan, it caused the fault to vibrate and release. energy, and perhaps there are other ways to rupture the fault, for example by using many dams in the area of faults and folds of the earth where there are depressions and anticlines. Because the dams intensify the infiltration of water into the ground. Of course, other methods have also been proposed, such as the use of waste and sewage, which causes further destruction of the environment, because burying waste and sewage in fault locations, despite the presence of water, leads to further destruction of the environment on the ground. Therefore, it is possible to break the fault and create and sew strong concrete and cement in it. But all this is a theory, no country has done this yet and it is only a theory. According to geologists, faults are like seams around large blocks and large plates of the earth, and they are the release of the accumulated energy of the earth, and humans cannot prevent its release, and they should only make their houses or structures resistant. For example, by creating wagers, which are in the form of resistant houses, for example, the use of light unilite on the roofs of houses instead of bricks and reinforced concrete buildings, and also like the palm tree, which has deep roots, he made the houses deep and many columns. It made it strong and also by creating spring and rubber under the pillar of the house at the bottom of minus 2 parking lots; Houses are springs like the car you have; He made it so that during an earthquake it only shakes like God Kong, but does not fall, and people are saved, and the construction engineer wants to create springs and pistons in bridges and buildings and prevent the impact of an earthquake like a shock absorber. And these works are useful for saving people.
Mikayel Grigor Melkumyan added a reply
July 6
Dear Mr. Abbas Kashani,
In the text you provided you are trying to answer to your own question on the possibility to make the earth's faults resistant and prevent them from breaking. I think that everything is possible in this world, but is it necessary to do? Of course not, because you are looking on this problem only from technical point of view but, by all means, you must first of all take into account financial aspect of this problem!!! Even if some methods will be suggested to make the earth's faults resistant and prevent them from breaking the huge funds across the globe and very complex technologies will be needed to do that. So, I consider this as a useless idea and undertaking.
My approach is different. I think that we must concentrate ourselves on the task to make buildings earthquake proof. I devoted myself on solving this important problem, and I created very simple and cost-effective seismic isolation technologies for construction of new and retrofitting of existing buildings. You can read my paper:
Mikayel G. Melkumyan. "Armenia is the World Leader in Development and Extensive Application of Low-Cost Seismic Isolation for Construction of New and Retrofitting of Existing Buildings". - Journal of Architecture and Construction (JAC), Volume 3, Issue 3, 2020, pp.43-60, ISSN: 2637-5796
I am sure that the way to save people from earthquake is to make resilient construction using modern and very efficient technologies!
Best regards,
Mikayel Melkumyan
Doctor of Sciences (Engineering), Professor
Academician of the Saint-Petersburg Arctic Academy of Sciences
Academician of the Athens Institute for Education and Research
President of the Armenian Association for Earthquake Engineering
Vice-President of the International Association of CIS Countries on Base Isolation
Member of the USA Association for Science and Technology
Foreign member of the Research Center of Seismic Resistant Structures of the Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo
Eminent Expert of the Committee of Eminent Experts in International Research Base of Seismic Mitigation and Isolation of Gansu Province in China
Founder of the "Save the Yerevan Schools From Earthquakes" foundation
CEO of the "Melkumyan Seismic Technologies" LLC
+374 (91) 94-54-02
Christian Ungewitter added a reply
17 minutes ago
Hello,
I agree in big parts with the opinion of Mikayel Grigor Melkumyan . The much more feasible way to prevent damage of earthquakes is to makes buildings safe.
What I don't see is a technology that can prevent faults from breaking. One problem is the size of a fault. They can be few hundred meters longs up to several hundreds of km. So, in the latter case you would have to provide lot of material to stop the faulting process.
Even if it would be possible the next problem is the very complex stress field and stress distribution in earthquake zones. If you would "fix" one fault the stress would go somewhere else and could trigger an earthquake somewhere else.
At the moment it is even a technically demanding task to stop slow landslides due to e.g. road cuts parallel to slopes. If the rock or soil mass is moving you have to react very quick with the right tools to prevent a failure. It also depends on the force applied by the rock/soil volume that is sliding. When the shear is to high there is is no available technique (special anchors, piles etc.) to prevent such an event. And I'm talking only about local landslides, not about preventing earthquakes.
Best regards
Can we make the earth's faults resistant and prevent it from breaking? And have safe and secure homes?
There are several ways to prevent ground faults from shaking. According to most geologists, what causes the rupture of the earth's fault and the strong shaking of the fault and the release of energy from the center of the earthquake from the fault and the L waves or the P, S and L waves from inside the earth, is excessive pressure on the fault in millions of years. And most importantly, the penetration of water, humidity and cold into the faults is more in the cold seasons of the year; It happens like autumn, winter and spring and also in the early morning and night. And it causes the energy inside them to be released, and check this in the time series of several years of earthquakes, we understand the reason for the cold and water penetration into the faults, especially at night and early morning when the weather gets colder. This rupture of faults is more in the early morning and most earthquakes occur in the early morning from 4 am to 6 am or from 9 pm to 2 am. Underground and fault is easier. And now geologists have realized that man himself can create earthquakes in 3 or 4 ways, i.e. artificial earthquakes. For example, in the faults and in the parts where there is displacement in the folded layers of the earth, by digging Amin wells and injecting water pressure into these wells, it penetrates the layers inside the fault and causes energy to be released from within. They fall to the ground. The energy and rupture of the fault generated from the center of the artificial earthquake was created so that it would not shake too much and prevent continuous shaking. And then by filling it with reinforced concrete, it becomes like a nail in the ground, which can prevent the faults of the ground from breaking, because it is also mentioned in the Holy Quran. that mountains are like nails on the earth because mountains prevent the earth from shaking and we humans can create artificial earthquakes on the earth and prevent the eternal shaking of the earth in the fault zone and it is not only nature that nails like A mountain is like a mountain, humans themselves can create it, i.e. artificially create nails in the earth. These nails tighten the faults and prevent them from constantly vibrating. Of course, this experiment was conducted by geologists in the Texas region of America in 1946, when the oil well was at a shallow depth and they had to drill a well next to the oil well. Injection of water or a solution of water and salt. cause the well oil to rise. After a while they saw; An earthquake occurred in the Texas region of America for a week, and after that, geologists realized that the injection of salt and water solution in the anticline region of this region, where there was also a fault, caused the faults to break and create an artificial one. Earthquake in the region and the release of energy and this earthquake shows that humans can also cause earthquakes. Of course, earthquakes can be caused by other methods, one is like the explosion of a bomb on a fault. Like the bomb explosion in Mallard Karaj region in Alborz province in 1379 at 2:00 p.m. Tahir, 5 provinces that were on the Mesha fault shook and everyone felt it because with the explosion of this bomb that was used for testing in the military area, it suddenly exploded. and took responsibility. They were killed and injured, but because it was on the Masha fault, and this fault starts from about 400 kilometers from Abiq Qazvin and continues to the north of Semnan, it caused the fault to vibrate and release. energy, and perhaps there are other ways to rupture the fault, for example by using many dams in the area of faults and folds of the earth where there are depressions and anticlines. Because the dams intensify the infiltration of water into the ground. Of course, other methods have also been proposed, such as the use of waste and sewage, which causes further destruction of the environment, because burying waste and sewage in fault locations, despite the presence of water, leads to further destruction of the environment on the ground. Therefore, it is possible to break the fault and create and sew strong concrete and cement in it. But all this is a theory, no country has done this yet and it is only a theory. According to geologists, faults are like seams around large blocks and large plates of the earth, and they are the release of the accumulated energy of the earth, and humans cannot prevent its release, and they should only make their houses or structures resistant. For example, by creating wagers, which are in the form of resistant houses, for example, the use of light unilite on the roofs of houses instead of bricks and reinforced concrete buildings, and also like the palm tree, which has deep roots, he made the houses deep and many columns. It made it strong and also by creating spring and rubber under the pillar of the house at the bottom of minus 2 parking lots; Houses are springs like the car you have; He made it so that during an earthquake it only shakes like God Kong, but does not fall, and people are saved, and the construction engineer wants to create springs and pistons in bridges and buildings and prevent the impact of an earthquake like a shock absorber. And these works are useful for saving people.
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Mikayel Grigor Melkumyan added a reply
July 6
Dear Mr. Abbas Kashani,
In the text you provided you are trying to answer to your own question on the possibility to make the earth's faults resistant and prevent them from breaking. I think that everything is possible in this world, but is it necessary to do? Of course not, because you are looking on this problem only from technical point of view but, by all means, you must first of all take into account financial aspect of this problem!!! Even if some methods will be suggested to make the earth's faults resistant and prevent them from breaking the huge funds across the globe and very complex technologies will be needed to do that. So, I consider this as a useless idea and undertaking.
My approach is different. I think that we must concentrate ourselves on the task to make buildings earthquake proof. I devoted myself on solving this important problem, and I created very simple and cost-effective seismic isolation technologies for construction of new and retrofitting of existing buildings. You can read my paper:
Mikayel G. Melkumyan. "Armenia is the World Leader in Development and Extensive Application of Low-Cost Seismic Isolation for Construction of New and Retrofitting of Existing Buildings". - Journal of Architecture and Construction (JAC), Volume 3, Issue 3, 2020, pp.43-60, ISSN: 2637-5796
I am sure that the way to save people from earthquake is to make resilient construction using modern and very efficient technologies!
Best regards,
Mikayel Melkumyan
Doctor of Sciences (Engineering), Professor
Academician of the Saint-Petersburg Arctic Academy of Sciences
Academician of the Athens Institute for Education and Research
President of the Armenian Association for Earthquake Engineering
Vice-President of the International Association of CIS Countries on Base Isolation
Member of the USA Association for Science and Technology
Foreign member of the Research Center of Seismic Resistant Structures of the Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo
Eminent Expert of the Committee of Eminent Experts in International Research Base of Seismic Mitigation and Isolation of Gansu Province in China
Founder of the "Save the Yerevan Schools From Earthquakes" foundation
CEO of the "Melkumyan Seismic Technologies" LLC
+374 (91) 94-54-02
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Christian Ungewitter added a reply
1 day ago
Hello,
I agree in big parts with the opinion of Mikayel Grigor Melkumyan . The much more feasible way to prevent damage of earthquakes is to makes buildings safe.
What I don't see is a technology that can prevent faults from breaking. One problem is the size of a fault. They can be few hundred meters longs up to several hundreds of km. So, in the latter case you would have to provide lot of material to stop the faulting process.
Even if it would be possible the next problem is the very complex stress field and stress distribution in earthquake zones. If you would "fix" one fault the stress would go somewhere else and could trigger an earthquake somewhere else.
At the moment it is even a technically demanding task to stop slow landslides due to e.g. road cuts parallel to slopes. If the rock or soil mass is moving you have to react very quick with the right tools to prevent a failure. It also depends on the force applied by the rock/soil volume that is sliding. When the shear is to high there is is no available technique (special anchors, piles etc.) to prevent such an event. And I'm talking only about local landslides, not about preventing earthquakes.
Best regards
I am the editor of a Christian theology journal called Pengarah: Jurnal Teologi Kristen (Pengarah: the Journal of Christian Theology). This journal is published by an evangelical theological school, Sekolah Tinggi Alkitab Tiranus (Tyrannus Bible Seminary), in Indonesia. We wanted to take this journal to the next level by publishing English articles while still publishing Indonesian articles. This journal is open-access and has been accredited in Indonesia with second-level grades. Pengarah also has been indexed in DOAJ. If you are a Christian theologian interested in helping Christianity in the majority world, don't hesitate to contact me. I've included the link to the journal website and its DOAJ page below.
According to a 1907 reproduction, the 1842 article was published in: Abhandlungen der Koniglichen Bohmischen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften.
The 1907 reproduction, apparently under the auspices of H. A. Lorentz, can be found at: https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/item/PX6IXQLYSSVGGDQSZHMHONP5KWBS4FWL
An English translation of Doppler's 1842 monograph can be found in the book by Alec Eden, "The search for Christian Doppler"
Is such an important article only available as a reproduction?
I find that selective portions of Christianity are evident in the Qur'an, myths but not its ethics!
What are Judeo Christian viewpoints for sentencing in the Criminal Justice?
I am working in a medieval Christian cemetery in the center of the Iberian Peninsula (13th - 15th centuries).
The burials are all common according to the Christian rite (supine decubitus, arms on the belly), except for this one. I have not yet carried out the bioanthropological study, but at first glance, it does not seem that there is any pathology affecting the leg joints. They have been placed like this intentionally.
(As you may have seen, there are the remains of two individuals; one of them was removed to place this body).
Does anyone know of any similar case in the bibliography?
Thank you so much.
I am interested in the relevance and application of Jungian psychology to esoteric and hermetic Christian spiritual practices and doctrines, those of Eastern Christianity in particular.
I am interested on the application of Christian esotericism and Hermeticism to the development Of Orthodox Theology and spirituality (Sophiology, Theosis, theological anthropology). I am also interested in the relevance of Jungian psychology to Orthodox spiritual practices, such as the Jesus Prayer.
The phenomenon of missionary Christianity is connected with the attempt to inscribe Christianity in the conditions of countries which are characterised by authoritarian socio-political systems. Because of the latter, Christianity is presented in a negative light, if only as a religion that legitimises colonial conquests. One method of counteracting this negativism should be a better thought-out and more professionally applied policy of conscious image-building in the closer and wider social environment.
Explain the Key Factors Influencing Prophetism African Christian Worship
I am using document analysis to explore how Christian philosophies of education are presented.
Respectfully who agrees that reincarnation is highly improbable? How? Why? My answer: Respectfully, I believe reincarnation is highly improbable for many reasons including but not limited to:
0)Eternal salvation for all is the most probable afterlife.
1)The uniqueness of each organism, meaning if everyone and all organisms are unique then they unlikely share spirits.
1.5)Spirits probably individualize each being.
2)The low probability of absolutes, that would govern the reincarnation cycle, besides, the Holy Trinity(one entity in three different unfalsifiable forms which all double as survival heuristics).
3) More specifically, God the Father is reason, logos, the master of the simulation theory, the creator, Yahweh, and the unmoved mover.
4)Jesus, God the Son, is the perfect individual, humanity’s redeemer, everyone’s savior, and the gate keeper to the fourth dimension(http://www.math.brown.edu/tbanchof/Yale/project13/bible.htm ).
5) The Holy Spirit, the moral guidepost, observably vibes, empathy, etc.
6)My sources are available for more explanation.
Sources:
RESPECTFULLY, I believe counterintuitively and anecdotally, sometimes those who abandon Judaism, Christianity and or Judaism for Jesus , gravitate to less epistemologically found beliefs such as determinism, scientific materialism, reincarnation, etc.
There is no evidence that Mecca existed, nor Muhammad, although the latter is debated. The Birmingham codices have been judged to have been written before the time of Muhammad, which is likely as the two segments carry a story normally associated with Egyptian religion.
My take is that, in parts, it is a book of conquest.
There is no clear evidence of Christ. Certainly not one hair of evidence for Moses. For me, the real story of the development of monotheistic is far more interesting as it concerns the development of human thought.
The aim of the research is to compare and contrast the eschatology of both religion, and to explore their interactions and influences.
How related are the two occurrences of Christianity having a liberal net cultural effect and God the father, the son, and the holly spirit all, if followed precisely, causing their followers to be liberals? How? Why?
How many people would return to Catholicism if the church becomes universalist(everyone is stated, by the clergy, to receive eternal salvation)? Why? How?
Who agrees that counterintuitively, eternal salvation is universal because morality is objective but relative? How? Why? My answer: morality is relative yet objective because reciprocity and harm avoidance are the objective moral roots yet, firstly the tradition, secondly the risk analysis, and thirdly the skin in the game, that moral practices derive from, can differ. As for the afterlife, God commands that we try our best in whatever predicament he plants us in(no individual chooses (insert pronoun) own genes, (insert pronoun) environment, and or (insert pronoun) self). Suffering may be philosophically justified by meaning. Free will is compatible with determinism(both are unfalsifiable and believing in each of them is a survival heuristic. Therefore, somethings in life are choices while others are not). Thus God is merciful upon mistakes and takes all into eternal salvation.
Sources:
How does the improbability of literal eternal damnation dispute notions of a Faustian Bargain? Why? How?
Most parsimoniously the afterlife is a Christian Universalist Heaven thus resulting in inevitable eternal salvation for every possible being. Thus notions of a Faustian Bargain, that temporary gratification is accepted at the price of eternal damnation, are a moot point.
My Sources:
Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. "Faustian bargain". Encyclopedia Britannica, 17 Nov. 2023, https://www.britannica.com/topic/Faustian-bargain. Accessed 10 December 2023.
We are told that the Old Testament is the Jewish Scriptures, adopted and shaped by the Early Church.
How can ethics based on empathy, anti-fragility, and Christianity all be reconciled?
How distressed would reincarnation believers be to realize that the afterlife is a universalist Christian heaven instead of being born again? Why? How? My answer: According to India in 2021, apparently not distressed because in many(if not all) the religions that do believe in reincarnation, a point comes when the soul stops reincarnating.
Work Cited:
“Reincarnation is a mainstream teaching in Hinduism, Sikhism, Buddhism and Jainism. But fewer than half of Indians in each of these groups say they believe in reincarnation. For example, 40% of India's Hindus believe in reincarnation”(PEW RESEARCH CENTER 2021).
Sahgal, Neha, et al. “11. Religious Beliefs.” Pewresearch.com, Pew Research Center , 29 June 2021, www.pewresearch.org/religion/2021/06/29/religious-beliefs-2/. Accessed 30 Nov. 2023.
Is conservatism or liberalism more in line with natural law? Why? How? Liberalism is more in line with natural law because of the emphasis on reciprocity and harm avoidance instead of an equal attention on those two moral variables, plus purity, authority, and in group loyalty. For humanity to survive they must realize that a universalist Christian heaven, exists beyond a reasonable doubt and if such an afterlife does not exist then we are all going to eventually die anyway and that is most comforting, parsimonious and biblically consistent afterlife(if Jesus did not say it in the bible then it is up for debate, see John Fuglesang). With those metaphysics, epistemology should be skeptical empiricism(with objective reality independent of perception). Thus returning to a universalist Christian ethics and anti-racist liberal politics.
Why are there three?
This is a discussion of why there are “always” three.
Of the basic electric charges of the atomic nucleus, and of its simple known constituents proton, neutron and electron.
Of the Christian religion, the Father, Son and Holy Spirit.
From water molecules, carbon dioxide, silicon dioxide.
From electronic valve Triode, Emitter, Collector, Base, to transistor, pnp, npn.
To the basics of defining Conductors, Insulators and Semiconductors.
In computational logic, with its transistors, stop, analysis, action.
The basic equations of Newton's second law.
PV/T = R;
E = mc2 ;
E = 3/2KT.
Maxwell Equations!
c2 µo εo = 1
Among many others.
What can be said about it?
In which beliefs does Universalist Christianity overlap with Humanist Universalism?
Two ideas are talked about in this article, in particular, the (solidarity of the) Trinity and God's ubiquity. These two ideas are profoundly implanted in the Christian confidence framework and religion - they really structure both the premise and take-off point for the Christian religion. The point of this article is to return to the (Early Church and present) doctrine of the Congregation about the Trinity and inescapability of God because of the sins and expressions of remorse connected to this creed, and to reexamine the idea of the idea 'Trinity' connected to God's ubiquity. The verifiable strategy is utilized in the conversation of the (essential) sources and to arrive at the result.
To protect the most vulnerable, Should we Watch Richard B. Spencer debate the Jolly Heretic(Dr. Edward Croft Dutton )and see who is Worse? Spencer (maybe) is left leaning. Dutton is right leaning. Spencer does not like Christianity. Dutton likes Christianity. What is Spencer's take on the Patriotic Alternative in the UK?
I particularly mean monotheisms, which are part of imperialist debate that rarely, if ever, get referenced. While Judaism occupies a territorial range subject to its own imperialist myths, Christianity and Islam occupy global regions that have no limits.
Christianity gained its global reach through its absorption into the Roman empire, a military construct that had no limits and which remains with us in the Papacy and all the Holy Roman polities of the past. Its conquests came alongside the imperialist adventures of European nations solidifying the achievements of swords and rifles. Islam, although there is no evidence of conversion alongside the earliest Arab conquests, seems to have practised conversion with or through conquest after Byzantine and Persian pushbacks against its rule a few decades later. Conversion and conquest then occurred together, the swords of early Arab armies pushing Islam through and into the Old World and Africa.
Both had or have missionaries that work more discretely to create cultural hegemony.
In Christian tradition, mountains are symbolic icons that reference the early temple. Whether the ancient temple itself, or a genuine mountain, the idea of safety, or being closer to God, or as a visible symbolism of God, holds certain religious inference. A few Biblical examples: (Exodus 24:12-18, Isaiah 2:1-5 & Micah 4:2 & 7).
Having done some study of mountains as symbols of God (or as things of sacred symbolism) in virtually every religious or cultural belief system, in the many countries of the world (Christian or not), it seems there is some common connection or point of origin. Like the story of the great flood, which appears in so many cultural beliefs and traditions through out the world. And the idea of ritual washings that, likewise, appear as common practice in many countries and religious cultures. Too, the idea of ritual, below-ground, ceremonies are common place in many ancient cultures, as is the idea of rebirth, and the idea of circular ceremonial centers, honoring the dead, expectations of seeing the dead when we die. Also the Biblical “Sun God.“ There must be some common background, or a point of common origin that was, somehow, later dispersed throughout the world, and became a part of the many cultures of the world; which yet remain in our cultures as very stubborn, religious symbolisms.
In his essay (https://theloop.ecpr.eu/can-you-put-food-inside-words-are-invitations-not-containers/), Christian Ewert argues that narratives - or stories - are powerful. This is so because they can be shared and, through that virtue, they can inform others, challenge beliefs, broaden horizons, lead to changed thoughts, even new outcomes in behaviour, policies, and so forth.
Given the power of stories, which Agustin Goenaga (https://theloop.ecpr.eu/what-democracy-should-be-for-us/) also highlights, should we all be doing more to tell stories to others, to so called "lay persons", from our research - especially to sing praise of the works of those we admire?
who published conversion to christianity by hefner?
Christian Ewert states that:
"The White House in Washington DC, the Scorpions’ Wind of Change, and the 🦋 symbol of this blog series – all these disparate things might remind us of democracy."
(For Ewert's essay, see: https://theloop.ecpr.eu/can-you-put-food-inside-words-are-invitations-not-containers/ ; for the blog series, see: https://theloop.ecpr.eu/?s=🦋)
What things might remind you of democracy? Share them here!
The gifts (gold, frankincense, myrrh) were not of such a nature that they would've been of use to humble folks, except as items with a resale value to a broker. It has been suggested that the gold was used to pay the innkeeper, but that seems unlikely since a common innkeeper would not have been used to dealing in gold. Denarius coins (mostly bronze with minimal silver content) were the common currency of the day.
Hello All,
I am seeking three gracious volunteers for my field test. I am conducting a qualitative descriptive research study to explore how U.S. Christian pastors describe their experiences of responding to challenges when attempting to lead responsibly in the context of the 21st century.
To participate:
- You are at least 18 years old
- Currently serve or previously served as a Christian Protestant pastor
- Served in a pastoral leadership role for a minimum of one year [For example senior pastor, student pastor, associate pastor, worship pastor, etc.]
- Pastored a congregation in the United States
- Pastored after the year 2000
Field testing will be for my qualitative interview. The interviews will take place via Zoom and last for no more than 60 minutes. I would like to conduct the interviews between Sept. 25 through Oct. 1.
If you would like to participate, please respond to this message or email me at slee77@my.gcu.edu so we can schedule a day and time that will work for your schedule.
Kindly,
Shawanda Lee-Phenix
There is a big difference between the function of Christian art and Islamic art... which caused a difference in the general appearance between them even though they both grew up in almost the same place..
Where are independent higher education research centres specialising in TRUE Orthodox Christianity, not to be confused with Orthodox Christianity ? True Orthodox Christianity rejects the modernism with its roots in the Russian and earlier Revolutions, including the paracanonical (canonically impermissible) calendar reforms promulgated by incomplete Robber Synods starting with the Patriarchate of Constantinople in the 1920s and the genocide of True (aka Authentic, Genuine or Catacomb) Orthodox Christianity by modernist Orthodox Christianity, resulting ultimately in the response of the True Orthodox Christian 1983 Anathema against Ecumenism by the Russian Orthodox Church Outside of Russia (ROCOR) aka Russian Orthodox Church in Exile (ROCIE), embraced by all True, Authentic, Genuine and Catacomb Orthodox Christians. The True Orthodox genocide is numerically by far the greatest Christian martyrdom ever, with tens of millions in the former Russian Empire alone (a large majority of the 110 million "The Economist" estimates were murdered by the Soviet regime alone), was triggered by the refusal of the World Council of Churches, meeting in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, to allow a Greek True Orthodox bishop to speak about this matter, though the New York Times published his proposed address. In response the anathema was promulgated, in English, the WCC official language, at the ROCOR Synodical meeting at their monastery in Mansonville, Québec, also in Canada. Despite making up between 1 and 10% of the Orthodox Christian populations, in the broad sense of the term, throughout the world, I have been, even as an interested True Orthodox Christian, been unable to find any state recognised study centres devoted to the study of True Orthodox Christianity, as opposed to Orthodox Christianity. Some institutions, such as Cambridge University's Institute of Orthodox Christian Studies claim to have all locally active Orthodox Synods represented on their governing bodies, but didn't respond to my request for the publicly available details of the True Orthodox Christian Synods represented there. In any event, that Institute is not an Institute of TRUE Orthodox Christian studies.
Since the 1800s, linguistics have been using Reed-Kellogg diagramming to teach about English syntax, but in 1916 we have Ferdinand de Saussure’s “Langue vs. Parole.” In 1954 we have John Gumpers’s and Dell Hymes’s S.P.E.A.K.I.N.G. model for language variation. In 1955 we have George Trager’s and Henry Lee Smith’s –eme and allo- forms (phoneme, allophone, etc.). In 1957 we have Noam Chomsky’s Generative Transformational grammar. In 1959, we have Kenneth Pike’s “Particle, Wave, and Field” grammar. In 1966 we have Charles Fillmore’s Deep Cases. In 1969 we have John Searle’s and J. L. Austin’s “Speech Acts” grammar. In 1980 we have George Lakoff’s “Metaphors we Live By.” In 1989 we have H. P. Grice’s “Conversational Implicatures.” In 2000 we have George Lakoff’s Embodiment. In 2000 we have Victor Raskin’s Script-Model Grammar, Salvatore Attardo’s adaption of Script-Model Grammar to long and sophisticated discourses, and Christian Hempleman’s adaption of Script-Model Grammar to Artificial Intelligence. So what is next in the continuing history of linguistics?
the vision is to discuss the about the ethical development and also to develop mature, informed vocationally skilled leaders of integrity, faithfulness and excellence!!
Hello.
I am preparing a master's degree in theology and I am looking for documentation concerning Christian discipleship, its foundations and its possible evolutions in secularised Western societies, Would any of you like to help me ?
Thank you in advance for your help.
René Foltz
Hello! I'm a new observer on the iNaturalist system, and I mostly post insect macro photos ( https://www.inaturalist.org/observations?place_id=any&user_id=cback&verifiable=any ).
I find that Mecoptera, in spite of their relative abundance, diversity and phylogenetic interest, are an orphan group in terms of systematics references, at least for North America. I read your comment on BugGuide about the non-availability of Penny's monograph. Has anyone managed to secure a copy of this document? It would be a starting point in order to provide high quality photos of specimens with a verifiable ID. Grateful if you can spare the time for a reply,
Regards,
Christian Back
As the title says, I need help with finding articles/books that are available. I am having trouble finding articles on this matter.
We need sincere input, dedicated research, and a genuine appreciation of our Exodus2045 Movement, which is underway for Melanated Christian Americans et al., to flee from the clutches of injustice brought on by systematic governmental oppression into a Newfoundland.
I need to understand if the criminalization of homosexuality was introduced by the settlers or Christians. How did Africans perceive non-hetero sex?
I'm looking for a papers concerning either Christianity or neopagan religions and social media. What role does social media play in the spread of these religious movements?
Any suggestions on the papers would be appreciated.
Marta
Abstract
This study sheds light on the situation of Christians and Jews and the reasons that led to abuse both in the era of Zahir Baybars. The researcher based on accurate historical sources that must be analyzed according to a methodology of exploring and elaborating these sources. The Al-Batailiya fire in (663 AH / 1265 CE) is considered the main reason for the emergence of harassment towards the dhimmis in general, and the Christians in particular. In addition, this study will talked about the Umar’s Assurance that regulates the relationship between Muslims and the dhimmis, as well as talk about the character of the monk, Polus Al-Habees, from where he originated, and the beginning of his appearance in the events of the Baybars era, and the reasons that led to the anger of Baybars , in addition to the results of the Bataila fire the situation of Christians in the state of Zahir Baybars. The study based on a lot of sources and references, and concluded a number of results.
While there are numerous articles on glossolalia and its use in Pentecostal religious settings (with a few other accounts summarized), I have had no luck in finding research on its use specifically in New Age spirituality settings where what I think is the same phenomenon (save perhaps aspects of its in-group definition) is used in spoken, written and signed forms. Is there sociological documentation of this phenomenon anywhere, perhaps with comparisons to the glossolalia of Pentecostal Christianity (but not focussed on it)?
Also, (forgive the second question) I was wondering if there is research on psychological effects on the listeners and if these differ in any way to those experienced by Pentecostal Christians, seeing as there are likely to be aspects of discourse surrounding the phenomenon which differ. Further to this, are there studies on "glossolalic signing" from this setting (apologies if I do not know the terminology) and its possible effects on processing signs, as glossolalia appears to have benefits in verbal statistical learning (source: )?
Many thanks for any pointers. Apologies if I am a little out of my depth in this area.
Hello everybody
I have been using GROMACS 2018.1 in the last month and I got an error "core dumped" while running the simulation. Accordingly, I have installed the 2020.1 version and while I am doing pressure equilibration (npt), I had the same error again (I paste it below) which is core dumped. Is it a problem in this version or I might have done something wrong while running the equilibration ?
I would really appreciate it, if anyone can guide me. I have pasted the error below
Thanks
Mohamed
:-) GROMACS - gmx mdrun, 2020.1 (-:
GROMACS is written by:
Emile Apol Rossen Apostolov Paul Bauer Herman J.C. Berendsen
Par Bjelkmar Christian Blau Viacheslav Bolnykh Kevin Boyd
Aldert van Buuren Rudi van Drunen Anton Feenstra Alan Gray
Gerrit Groenhof Anca Hamuraru Vincent Hindriksen M. Eric Irrgang
Aleksei Iupinov Christoph Junghans Joe Jordan Dimitrios Karkoulis
Peter Kasson Jiri Kraus Carsten Kutzner Per Larsson
Justin A. Lemkul Viveca Lindahl Magnus Lundborg Erik Marklund
Pascal Merz Pieter Meulenhoff Teemu Murtola Szilard Pall
Sander Pronk Roland Schulz Michael Shirts Alexey Shvetsov
Alfons Sijbers Peter Tieleman Jon Vincent Teemu Virolainen
Christian Wennberg Maarten Wolf Artem Zhmurov
and the project leaders:
Mark Abraham, Berk Hess, Erik Lindahl, and David van der Spoel
Copyright (c) 1991-2000, University of Groningen, The Netherlands.
Copyright (c) 2001-2019, The GROMACS development team at
Uppsala University, Stockholm University and
the Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden.
check out http://www.gromacs.org for more information.
GROMACS is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License
as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1
of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
GROMACS: gmx mdrun, version 2020.1
Executable: /home/abdelaal/build2/gromacs-2020.1/build/bin/gmx
Data prefix: /home/abdelaal/build2/gromacs-2020.1 (source tree)
Working dir: /home/abdelaal/Desktop/GROMACS/C60:TAPC/C60_GRM/22
Command line:
gmx mdrun -v -deffnm npt
Reading file npt.tpr, VERSION 2020.1 (single precision)
Changing nstlist from 10 to 100, rlist from 1 to 1
Using 1 MPI thread
Non-default thread affinity set, disabling internal thread affinity
Using 8 OpenMP threads
starting mdrun 'GRM in vacuum'
50000 steps, 25.0 ps.
step 44700, remaining wall clock time: 137 s
Step 44790 Warning: pressure scaling more than 1%, mu: 1.01937 1.01937 1.01937
Segmentation fault (core dumped)
I am looking for the most recent scientific findings concerning the attitudes of religious groups (especially major religions like christian catholic, christian orthodox, christian protestant, muslim, jewish, buddhist, hindu, yet also non-religious or atheist groups) towards the actual or permanent societal controversies (violence, criminal, capital punishment, homosexuality, prostitution, abortion, divorce, premarital sex, euthanasia, etc.), possibly after 2015. Collecting material for a new textbook.
I'm working on my final research proposal right now and found some very interesting statistics about family-businesses worldwide. The problem is, that I only have Tharawat Magazine as source: https://www.tharawat-magazine.com/economic-impact-family-businesses/
The problem is, that the Website is more or less trustworthy. There is no real imprint and there is no real proof, that this magazine on family business is relevant.
I double-checked some of the metrics with my research I have done so far and it seems to be feasible. I also see in other article in this magazine, that relevant authors in my field of research have published their.
Does anybody, have some further proofs, that this magazine have an impact on family-businesses and if its okay to use the statistics in my research for a first draft?
Thanks for you help,
Christian
Hello all,
I am currently looking for someone adept in Gender Studies to assist me with a body of research with the hope of publication on comparing LGB couples Gender Roles to Heterosexual couple traditional Gender Roles. My current research shows that LGB couples fair slightly better than Heterosexual couples because of the egalitarian roles as opposed to the slightly more patriarchal hierarchy in traditional heterosexual couples.
This research will be heavy on LGBT research and Theology to support equality in the marital hierarchy. I will be submitting this article to a Christian Scholarly Journal on Biblical Equality.
I currently live in Japan, so by the off chance someone is in Japan, that is preferred.
Thank you!
There has been greater concentration on the Medieval Middle Eastern and Central Asian Science but so far insufficient exploration of its roots and what it owes or does not owe to Islam. Few, if any, early Islamic scholars were Arab but emerged from Persia, the old cultures of Central Asia, etc. Is this then a Persian Renaissance for example or equally likely a global event?
The explosion of European science in the 17th century can be seen as the result of globalisation, not integral to Europe, so can the earlier Middle Eastern and Central Asian one be viewed in the same fashion?
I have not used Christian or Islamic as, certainly in the West Christianity, was not the driving force for the phenomenon.
Was the Lord previous to his son, or was his son before him,?
If you say: His father was previously . We told you: You have abolished the theory of the three universes . This means that the son did not manage the affairs of the universe with his father !!!
You have to answer the question: When did the father decide to have a child? And who ran the universe before he had his son?
If you say: the son was previously on his father . We told you: how to be the former son to his father ?!
If you say: they are together forever, we said to you: Who decided to make the father father?!!Who made the son a son?!And how to be a father and son without being one of them before the other ?!
I am dealing with a topic: "Christian Faith and Economic Development: A Case Study of Christian Workers in the Ghana's Public Sector Economy at Kumasi in the Ashanti Region. The study is delimited to the public education and Health sectors, and the police and the judicial sevices.
The above written question is not only for Philosophers but for people with rational minds. There are two groups of people in the universe - those who have a purpose for their lives and those who live aimlessly following the bandwagon. Where actually do you fall? We should practice what we preach and teach. Our followers and students should see us as their mirror by living with the ideals we portray. A life with a purpose is the well examined life where we live critically and creatively trying to make the world a better place to live in. Those who fall to the second category of people are those who imitate, follow the bandwagon which is usually on the negative side of life. That is why evil is growing on a large scale everyday in the world. There are those who go to school because they see others going, but they are differentiated between the real and actual students who have gone to school to study, acquire knowledge and make the world a better place to live in. There are also the Church - goers who are 95% of the Church congregation and 5% Christians. That is why you have a proliferation of Churches in the world today. Read the net and see what the Rwandan government has done to them. Do you as a Critical thinker ask yourself this question - Why is there the proliferation of evil on a tremendous scale in the world with all these growing number of Churches? Let us all reason together to proffer solutions to this question.
For my dissertation (PhD) I am looking for something that does not require statistics per se. I am thinking of using a Case Study method. Can I use this for analyzing a group (Christian Counselors) who employ spiritual gifts and supernatural discernment in their practices? I am hoping to study how it is done for the purpose of creating a new approach for counselling. Thank you!
Any info on how this is done would be helpful even if only a link. Any other methods suggested also welcome.
The question discusses how architecture deals with feminism in terms of human history, through the time of Greek civilization, forms of columns, and the appearance of the Christian religion, in addition, is this still continuing? or it had became a past.
COVID-19 is already accentuating interesting religious phenomena. Churches closing, beliefs regarding healing, trust in science are the kinds of issues we might ask regarding the relationship between religion and COVID-19. I'd be glad for your suggestions of the topics, questions, themes, and issues sociologists of religion should be anticipating. What are the most productive social scientific research questions to ask? What might social scientists anticipate? What data can we take advantage of that already exists? and What data should social scientists look to collect?
A milestone by Theodor Billroth in surgery and cancer surgery.
It is
- the 139th anniversary day (Jan 29, 1881)
Christian Albert Theodor Billroth (1829-1894)
performed
the first successful distal gastrectomy
for gastric cancer within 90 min
However, we may should be aware that everything in medicine surgery cancersurgery science needs teamwork
We are nothing without the Team!