Ceramic Materials - Science topic

High‐entropy materials have attracted considerable research interest owing to the significant increase in potential compositions and the unique combinations of properties in many of the known systems. High‐entropy carbides (HECs) are one such subclass of high‐entropy materials where numerable interesting material compositions have been identified....

Metallothermic Reduction occurs when oxidized metallic structures react with a metal that has a higher oxygen affinity than itself. This principle is used for production of alloys and synthesis of nanoparticles of advanced ceramics (such as metal carbides, borides and their composites). It is important to know whether this will happen before perfor...

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effect of light-curing on the fracture load of glass-ceramic discs bonded to dentin. Methods: IPS e.max CAD (lithium disilicate) and Celtra Duo (zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate) glass-ceramic discs, each 7 mm in diameter, were bonded to flattened dentin using three different cementation strategies....

Background Polymer infiltrated ceramic network (PICN) is a hybrid dental ceramic that mimics the properties of tooth structures. Unfortunately, commercially available PICN still present limitations such as low strength. Thus, the current study was conducted to prepare polymer infiltrated lithium disilicate ceramic network (PILN) and compare it with...

The spatial arrangement, size distribution, and shape of internal pores in several archaeological ceramic vessels from the Akterek burial site at Zhambyl District of Almaty Region, Republic of Kazakhstan were studied using neutron tomography. The internal pores were segmented from the obtained neutron data and the porosity value for the ancient cer...

Y-doped BaZrO3 has emerged as a promising ceramic material for hydrogen separation membranes. The conductivity of Y-BaZrO3 (BZY) ceramics is highly dependent on the concentration of oxygen vacancies. In this work, BZY further individually doped with In and Pr were prepared by the citrate sol–gel combustion method. Effects of doping on the ceramic p...

Experimental and modeling assessments have been conducted on the surface characteristics of SLS-printed polyamide lapping tools, considering the influence of three-body abrasion kinematics during machining of Al2O3 ceramic materials. Based on the radial axis profile and topography of segments, surface characteristics were assessed using 3D optical...

In precision machining, maintaining dimensional accuracy and consistent surface finish in the workpiece can be achieved with regular measurements of the tool’s flat surface. However, the methods used to measure and assess the condition of the tool’s flat surface have a significant impact on the quality of the machined output. This research paper de...

Calcium hexaluminate (CA6) is a refractory material with good thermal properties and intrinsic difficulty in densification.This study explored the use of Cariri Stone residue, a calcium carbonate-rich limestone from Ceará, Brazil, as a precursor for producing refractory ceramics containing this phase. X-ray diffraction and preliminary tests were co...

A range of ceramic materials was developed using Egyptian Kaolin combined with varying amounts of glass cullet waste (0–50 wt%) through uniaxial pressing and sintering at temperatures between 900 and 1200 °C. The study further examined the effects of adding transition metal oxides, Co3O4 or CuO, into a mix of 70% kaolin and 30% cullet, sintered at...

Aluminum nitride (AlN) is a high-performance ceramic material with exceptional thermal conductivity, low dielectric losses, high electrical resistivity, and excellent mechanical strength, making it highly suitable for microelectronics, optoelectronics, and atomic energy applications. Despite the availability of various synthesis routes including ca...

Al 2 O 3 ceramics have garnered significant attention as a promising material for various applications. Recent years have seen remarkable progress in 3D printing, especially in the realm of ceramic materials, due to their remarkable mechanical properties and chemical stability. However, the main hurdle lies in devising a material composition that c...

La colocación inmediata de implantes, junto con extracciones atraumáticas y procedimientos de preservación alveolar, contribuye a prevenir el colapso del hueso cortical. El propósito de este estudio es presentar la secuencia terapéutica y los resultados del tratamiento con implantes dentales postextracción, acompañado de regeneración ósea. Se reali...

Kaolin is used for the microwave‐assisted synthesis of silicon carbide ceramics in this study. The mechanisms of microwave reaction sintering are explored. Composition and structure of materials are analyzed and investigated. The flexural strength, reaction bonding behavior, open porosity, and bulk density of the porous ceramic materials are also i...

Gradient ceramic tools (GCT) have a wide range of potential applications due to their excellent thermodynamic properties and cost-effectiveness. Material distribution is a key factor affecting the performance of GCT. Currently, the material distribution status lacks adaptability with existing forming methods, which limits the further application of...

The shaping and drying of ceramics are a critical yet complex process that directly influences ceramic materials’ final properties and performance. Predicting key parameters such as the coefficient of plasticity, mass loss during drying in the air at the critical point, and shaping moisture is essential for optimizing these processes. This study an...

Rare‐earth zirconates are highly competitive ceramic materials for thermal/environmental barrier coatings (T/EBCs) due to their high melting point, high corrosion resistance, excellent high‐temperature phase stability, and very low thermal conductivity. However, they are susceptible to thermal mismatch with the substrate, leading to localized therm...

Digital technologies represent new alternatives in prosthetic rehabilitation of all kind of maxillary or mandibular spans. This article is composed of two parts, in which different technological aspects will be presented regarding the prosthetic restoration of frontal maxillary areas using the CAD-CAM technology, but using different material for re...

Resumo: O crescimento do mercado da cerâmica artesanal não é fácil de mensurar. Porém, de acordo com quem se dedica à atividade há alguns anos, o boom é recente e pode ser notado pela presença cada vez maior de marcas de cerâmica artesanal em lojas de objetos de design, feiras de produtos feitos à mão e também nas redes sociais. Somente no mercado...

Ceramic materials are valued for their exceptional heat and corrosion resistance, yet their inherent brittleness limits their use in applications requiring high strength‐to‐weight ratios, fatigue resistance, and durability under harsh conditions, such as those in the aerospace and automotive industries. The development of ceramic matrix composites...

Amorphous materials offer unique functional characteristics, which are not observed in their crystalline counterparts making them invaluable for many applications in science and technology, such as electronic and optical devices, solid‐state batteries, and protective coatings. However, finding compositions that are stable against crystallization an...

The Roman site at Makariopolsko village in Northeastern Bulgaria has been identified as a ceramic production center, featuring single- and double-chamber kilns, abundant ceramic material, and a nearby water source. Geological assessments also reveal local clay deposits. Previous archaeological studies have noted similar Roman production sites in th...

The exploration of sintering dynamics in systems involving oxide nanoparticles is vital for the production of nanocrystalline oxide ceramics. Until now, a thorough investigation into the sintering kinetics of well‐dispersed, fine‐grained yttrium aluminum garnet yttrium aluminum garnet (Y3Al5O12; YAG) nanoparticles has been lacking. In this study, w...

In contrast to organic and semiconductor ceramic materials, conventional oxide glasses do not typically exhibit pronounced stimulus‐response, stemming from their state of chemical bonding and structural isotropy. However, targeted selection of the glass matrix and additional ion species acting as functional components have enabled multi‐responsive...

Ensuring the fire resistance and thermal stability of power cables is crucial for their reliable performance in fire environments, essential for sustainable power distribution, and allowing for more time to extinguish fires and for evacuation. This study utilises numerical simulation to analyse the thermal behaviour of fire-resistant medium-voltage...

Additive manufacturing (AM) of ceramics presents a promising approach for the produc-tion of complex sanitaryware prototypes, offering advantages in cost and time to market. This study explores binder jetting (BJ) as an optimal AM technique due to its ability to process ceramic materials without thermal stress, accommodate various compositions, and...

Cold sintering of dense ceramic materials at a significant lower temperature compared to conventional high‐temperature sintering has attracted broad interests in recent years. During biomineralization process, hydrated amorphous phases are often used as precursors by living organisms to produce biominerals under ambient conditions. However, the cry...

The role of light elements in ceramic materials cannot be overestimated. By tuning their concentration, a whole multitude of mechanisms can be activated, directly influencing the material's functional properties. However, accurate determination of light element concentrations remains a challenge and is often, especially in superstoichiometric compo...

Developing bioinspired all-ceramics with plastic phases is considered one of the most effective ways to simultaneously achieve enhanced strength and toughness in ceramic materials for high-temperature applications. Here we explore tough and strong bioinspired high-entropy all-ceramics with a contiguous network structure that are able to serve up to...

The speedy industrialization and explosion of the populace consequences in raised usage of potable water and its resulting disposal causes ecological contamination. Though, the graphene oxide (GO) and ceramic material namely MgO were reveals the low dye adsorption capacity in the field applications. The GO and MgO materials have very fine particles...

As ceramic studios and workshops become more widely used in educational settings and also grow in both tourist and income generation, it is clear that more can be done to create a safer and healthier work environment. Translating this into ceramics, which is both an artistic medium as well as an environmental and materials-based setting, this study...

Porous geopolymer materials can be used in various fields such as thermal insulation, filtration, catalyst, and building materials. In this study, open porous geopolymer‐based cordierite materials are produced due to the porous structure, temperature resistance, and easy and low‐cost applications of geopolymer structures, which are oxide ceramic ma...

As additive manufacturing technologies continue to gain ground in industrial applications, the need for the accurate metrological evaluation of parts produced with advanced materials becomes increasingly critical. In this context, non-contact metrology plays a key role. This research investigates the performance of conoscopic holography as an optic...

BNT-6BT (Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3-6BaTiO3)-based ceramics have attracted significant attention for applications in high energy density capacitors. In this investigation, K0.5Na0.5NbO3 (KNN) component was added to BNT-6BT ceramics to modify the Curie temperature of (1-x) (BNT-6BT)-xKNN ceramics and improve their energy density for capacitor applications. Scan...

The utility of laser‐based heating for the rapid synthesis of small quantities of ytterbium aluminum garnet (Yb₃Al₅O₁₂, YbAG), a high‐temperature ceramic material, was demonstrated. YbAG was synthesized in air using a 400 W carbon dioxide (CO₂) laser in a copper hearth, starting from ytterbia (Yb2O3) and alumina (Al2O3) powders. The process produce...

The results obtained reflect the determination of the possibility of the stability enhancement of the strength and thermal parameters of zirconium-containing ceramic materials via the addition of a stabilizing additive in the form of Y2O3. According to the data obtained, a connection between phase transformations caused by the addition of the stabi...

The field of biomimetic ceramics has gained considerable attention due to their potential applications in hard tissue repair, owing to their ability to replicate the complex structures and mechanical properties found in natural biological systems. This review explores the role of biomimetic ceramics in hard tissue repair, starting with an examinati...

With the rapid development of fuel vehicles, fuel consumption has gradually become a concern of people. How to effectively improve fuel efficiency is also a challenge. This study explores the application of cutting-edge materials such as carbon fiber, ceramics, aluminum alloys, and titanium alloys in the automotive industry to improve lightweight d...

The continuous advancement of technology has led to escalating demands for superior tribological performance in industrial applications, necessitating the enhancement of ceramic materials’ frictional properties through innovative approaches. Solid-lubricant embedding is a widely employed lubrication strategy in metals. However, the challenge of mac...

High-performance ceramic material composites (CMCs) have excellent applications in aerospace industries. However, the machining of the CMSs is challenging due to the inherent properties such as high hardness, heterogeneous structure, and brittleness. Understanding the machinability, ablation mechanism, and the magnitude of the damage is essential t...

Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are made from ceramic materials and are assembled into stacks with a layered configuration, similar to a sandwich. It is susceptible to significant thermal stresses, which can affect its long-term reliability. Maintaining consistent temperature and flow conditions can help mitigate this issue. The primary components o...

In present work, altered natural hydroxyapatite (HAp) was extracted from pig bone wastes of different parts (rib, spine, shoulder, forefoot) via well-controlled calcination. The prepared HAp powders were applied as non-noble metal and green catalyst towards oxidative decomposition of volatile organic compound (VOC) as practical application for the...

Aim: To evaluate the fracture resistance and failure mode of complete crown and different designs of overlay restorations fabricated from different CAD/CAM ceramic materials. Methods: Ninety upper premolars were randomly divided into nine groups (n=10/group) according to ceramic material and restoration design into: LD4: Lithium disilicate overlay...

Transition metal phosphides are a class of compounds with special structures that have garnered significant attention and applications in various fields, including optics, magnetism, catalysis, and ceramic materials. Nickel phosphide, in particular, exhibits distinctive characteristics in electronics, optics, and semiconductors, making it an import...

One of the important aspects of any cryogenic design is to achieve good thermal performance by minimizing the temperature gradient at different contact regions of the thermal mass. In some cases, electrical isolation may be required at contact regions. Different combinations of the thermally conductive and at the same time electrically insulated jo...

Modern SiC-based materials are of paramount importance in that they serve as wear-resistant and thermal protectors and as next-generation single-photon sources for photonic and quantum solutions. Efforts are underway to identify more efficient methods of manufacturing SiC-based ceramic materials. The objective of this paper is to provide a descript...

Molybdenum (Mo) is a critical industrial metal valued for its corrosion resistance and strength-enhancing properties. However, increasing demand necessitates more efficient and sustainable recovery methods. Bio-recovery of Mo by biosorption is a promising resolution, especially by the use of surface-engineered microbes that express metal binding pr...

The properties of components are all based on three key aspects: the materials used, the component geometry, and the surface finish. Material selection is of critical importance, as each class of materials—polymers, metals, ceramics, or glass—exhibits different properties. As applications become more complex, the need for material combinations incr...

The refrigeration performance of semiconductor refrigeration devices is limited by, among other things, the thermal conductivity of the materials. Optimisation of ceramic materials for semiconductor packaging offers the possibility of improving system performance. In this paper, a mathematical model of the semiconductor refrigeration process is est...

During this study, a bioactive ceramic material, hydroxyapatite (HA) was extracted from bones bio-waste. Di-molybdenum sulfide (MoS2, 50 nm) powder was integrated with extracted HA employing a solid state reaction means. Subsequently, variable percentages (0:0, 6:2, 6:4, 6:6 and 6:8 wt%) of HA@MoS2 composite reinforced powder (CRP) were presented i...

The machining of pre-sintered advanced ceramics is a technique used to enhance the strength of the compact, facilitating machinability compared to green ceramics (brittle) and fully sintered ceramics (extremely hard). Several factors influence this process, including pre-sintering temperature, machining parameters, compaction method, and ceramic ma...

Purpose: To evaluate stress distribution in short-crowned molars with distal subgingival defects with various restorations and materials. Methods: Residual crowns were restored using a post-and-core crown (model A), a full crown (model B), a fissure-post endocrown (model C), an endocrown (model D), an onlay (model E), and an overlay (model F). The...

Piezoelectric ceramics, renowned for their ability to interconvert mechanical strain/stress and electrical signals, are widely utilized in diverse fields, such as electronic communications, aerospace, and national defense. Their appeal lies in their rapid response, precise motion control, and low power consumption, making them indispensable in adva...

The work presented in this study aims to demonstrate the capacity of ceramic materials in the configuration of solar thermal collectors (CSTs) for the production of domestic hot water (DHW) and heating in buildings. Currently, the ceramic tile and panel manufacturing sector presents very advanced manufacturing systems at a technological level that...

Excavations at Matka Cave 1 in 2020 revealed that this site was used during the early Neolithic. Remains of a hearth were discovered, likely located in front of the cave entrance, along with a large number of ceramic fragments. Based on the ceramic material found during the excavations, we can conclude that the most represented vessels are storage...

Purpose Maintaining the surface quality of ceramic restorations after clinical adjustments is critical for both aesthetic outcomes and long-term oral health, yet the optimal approach to restoring gloss and smoothness remains unclear. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of different surface finishing and grinding procedures on the...

The increasing demand for manufacturing, processing, and utilizing ceramic materials necessitates a deeper understanding of their mechanical properties, particularly plasticity. In this study, the nanoindentation responses of rutile titanium dioxide (TiO2) were investigated using bicrystal samples. Two types of TiO2 bicrystals with symmetric 10° ti...

Purpose The aim of the study was to assess the impact of various surface treatments, including an Er: YAG laser with different power outputs, on the shear bond strength (SBS) of different resin matrix CAD/CAM ceramic materials to resin luting cement. Materials and methods Specimens from Lava Ultimate (LU) and Vita Enamic (VE) were categorized base...

The existence of an Aksumite site on the Č̣erqos Kwiḥa tell, long suspected due to the presence of monolithic pillars near the hilltop, was confirmed in 2015 by the study of ceramic fragments collected on surface. Surveys and excavations carried out at the site in 2018 and 2019 are bringing new insights into its organization and occupation chronolo...

A series of Bi‐doped gadolinium iron garnet (Bi:GdIG) infrared‐transparent ceramics were fabricated by a hot‐press sintering process. The effects of Bi doping on the phase structure, microstructure and optical transmittance of GdIG ceramics were analyzed systematically. The grain size of BixGd3‐xFe5O12 (x = 0, 0.3, 0.6, 0.9) ceramic samples gradual...

The development of multi-band laser suppression materials has been driven by the limitations of single-band laser suppression materials. Inorganic ceramic materials, compared with organic laser suppression materials, photonic crystals, and metamaterials, offer significant advantages in fabrication methods and environmental stability. In this study,...

The stability of thermal barrier coating (TBC) materials during service is a prerequisite for the normal operation of aircraft engines. The high-temperature corrosion of CaO–MgO–Al2O3–SiO2 (CMAS) is an important factor that affects the stability of TBCs on turbine blades and causes premature engine failure. For traditional 6-8 YSZ, at temperatures...

Objectives This consensus paper aims to provide evidence‐based insights into the survival and complication rates of ceramic partial coverage restorations (PCRs) and ceramic laminate veneers, focusing on various ceramic materials, including feldspathic ceramics, leucite‐reinforced glass ceramics (LRGC), lithium disilicate ceramics (LDS), and resin m...

The superior mechanical alongside thermal alongside chemical characteristics of advanced ceramics make them suitable for demanding applications. At present their natural brittleness stands as the main restriction to their use. This research examines the mechanisms of enhanced toughening through microstructural design by reviewing published works an...

Dislocation‐mediated plastic deformation in ceramic materials has sparked renewed research interest due to the technological potential of dislocations. Despite the long research history of dislocations as one‐dimensional lattice defects in crystalline solids, the understanding of plastically deformable ceramics at room temperature seems lacking. Th...

The superlattice (SL) structure, which can efficiently suppress phonon thermal transport, has important implications for materials design in thermal insulating and thermoelectric applications. In this work, we prepare periodic ultra-high-temperature ceramic SLs made of transition metal carbides HfC and TaC with SL interface spacing ranging from 9.5...

Boron-modified ceramic materials derived from polymers (PDC) are the subject of this research. The primary objective is to compare the structure and microstructure of SiBOC materials obtained in varying pyrolysis conditions in comparison to base SiOC materials. The preparation involved a number of stages, staring with the hydrolytic polycondensatio...

Alumina is an advanced ceramic material that has numerous applications in dentistry and medicine. Ultrasonic-assisted end grinding proved to be one of the most successful and efficient ceramic processing techniques. However, the current state of the art in UAEG of alumina is mostly limited to finishing operations with low material removal rates. In...

In this work, a multicomponent PZT-type material doped with manganese Mn, antimony Sb, samarium Sm, and tungsten W was fabricated using classical powder technology. Sintering of the ceramic samples was performed by the free sintering method (pressureless sintering). The influence of samarium on the properties of PZT was analyzed using a variable am...

Ceramic materials are widely used in engineering due to their superior mechanical properties, such as higher strength, thermal stability, and wear resistance. Achieving high surface integrity in ceramic components is still a challenge due to the damage induced during machining, particularly grinding. Thus, this review will provide a thorough overvi...

Cutting inserts made of ceramic materials are used in rough machining processes of Inconel 718. This article compares sintered carbide S205 inserts with 6160 ceramic inserts after finish turning of Inconel 718 with a hardness of 45 HRC. The evaluation focused on insert wear, surface topography and changes in cutting edge radius. The results show di...

Traditional Beidou Navigation Satellite System anti-jamming array antennas mostly use PCB plates, but in extreme vibration environments, their rigidity may cause the antenna structure to be more susceptible to damage. Especially in an extremely high-temperature environment, it may cause thermal expansion, softening, and even melting of metal materi...

In view of future applications of plasma-based particle accelerators, within the fields of high-energy physics and new light sources, the capability of plasma sources to operate at high repetition rates is crucial. In particular for gas-filled plasma discharge capillaries, which allow direct control over plasma properties, a key aspect is the longe...

BaTi1−xCaxO3 (BTC100x, x = 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04) nano-powders were synthesized via the oxalate chemical coprecipitation method, and sintered into ceramics by solid-state sintering in a reducing atmosphere. The effects of Ca ion doping on the phase structure, dielectric properties, and insulating characteristics of BTC100x ceramics produced in a r...

Metal alloys face difficulties in their use as bone substitutes due to their low resistance to corrosion, bioactivity, and biodegradation. In this regard, hydroxyapatite (HA) and boron carbide (B4C) have been added to magnesium-zinc (Mg-Zn) alloy to overcome these limitations. Following sintering, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffra...

Featured Application Sintered Barium Ferrite W-type materials can be used for the manufacturing of permanent magnets for the automotive industry in order to increase the performance of electric engines. Microwave hybrid heating (MHH) is a sustainable and efficient process with a small carbon footprint that can be applied for sintering. However, the...