Censorship - Science topic

Cinema-going in Malaysia has long been shaped by a diverse mix of cultural, social, and economic factors. However, the COVID-19 pandemic significantly altered consumer behavior, introducing new trends and challenges in the industry. This study explores the sociocultural aspects of cinema-going in Malaysia, focusing on cultural influences, demograph...

As the use of cryptocurrencies and stablecoins for digital payments becomes commonplace and CBDCs become a reality, more and more questions arise about how to ensure widespread adoption of new digital currencies: 1) How to ensure complete autonomy of digital money: without electricity, without cellular communications, without Internet access, with...

This study explores the complex dynamics of online censorship endorsements within a national context. We examined the impact of some of the influential psychological and demographic factors contributing to online censorship endorsement of Iranian Telegram users. Through the analysis of 517 responses to an online questionnaire, we investigated the i...

Why are there three quarks inside a Proton or Neutron? This is a simple question that now has a simple answer. In this thesis I hypothesize that a Proton is a Casimir Trap confining the quarks within, therefore dispensing with the notion of gluons. The Free Mass and Constituent Mass of the Up and Down Quark are estimated. The model is a one paramet...

Metapragmatic awareness in Chinese social media is a critical aspect of digital discourse, shaping how users engage with, interpret, and regulate online communication within a highly controlled information ecosystem. Social media platforms such as Weibo (a microblogging platform akin to Twitter) and Zhihu (a knowledge-sharing platform similar to Qu...

Metapragmatic awareness in Chinese social media is a critical aspect of digital discourse, shaping how users engage with, interpret, and regulate online communication within a highly controlled information ecosystem. Social media platforms such as Weibo (a microblogging platform akin to Twitter) and Zhihu (a knowledge-sharing platform similar to Qu...

This paper sketches some of the key dangers presented by the second Trump presidency. We are witnessing a mainstreaming of far-right positions with profound implications both for government and the constitution of society. This moment is marked by censorship and self-censorship of the media, surveillance and punishment of immigrant communities, att...

International Human Rights Law (IHRL) serves as a crucial framework for safeguarding fundamental human rights worldwide. However, its effectiveness is deeply influenced by communication strategies that promote awareness, advocacy, and policy implementation. This paper examines the relationship between IHRL and communication strategies, highlighting...

This paper proposes a new class of predictive models for survival analysis called Generalized Bayesian Ensemble Survival Tree (GBEST). It is well known that survival analysis poses many different challenges, in particular when applied to small data or censorship mechanism. Our contribution is the proposal of an ensemble approach that uses Bayesian...

This inquiry explores the intersection between civil rights and human rights, highlighting the central role of freedom of expression and freedom of speech in the democratic process. While Montesquieu's critique of despotism contributed to the establishment of democracy in government, his thesis concerning an independent separation of powers, seems...

This study examines the effects of media ownership on journalism practices, using a case study approach focused on private electronic media houses in Lusaka, Zambia. The research aimed to assess the influence of media ownership on content production, agenda-setting, and news coverage, while investigating its role in media bias, censorship, editoria...

Researching China's sensitive topics, such as digital surveillance and censorship , exposes scholars to mounting challenges including difficult field and internet access to quality information, scrutiny and security of research participants and researchers, and positionality amidst geopoliti-cal tensions. This article presents self-reflexive accoun...

This paper explores the use of disclaimers on Chinese social media platforms, including Weibo, WeChat, and Douyin, analyzing their role in the context of China's political, legal, and social landscape. Disclaimers serve as a crucial tool for users to navigate the strict regulatory environment of Chinese digital spaces, offering protection from cens...

This study examines the crucial nexus between ethics and law in the field of library and information science, highlighting current issues and best practices for efficient administration. Concerns like user privacy, copyright compliance, censorship, and fair access to information have grown more complicated as libraries adjust to the quick changes i...

The subject of the article is the reception of ‘Life of Jesus’ by E. Renan in Russian culture of the Nineteenth century. The book, written by a French Orientalist and Philosopher, has occupied the minds not only of learned theologians, but also almost the entire Russian reading public since its publication in France in 1863. In Russia, it was print...

Introduction: Self-censorship and self-disclosure are two ways students negotiate and reconcile their personal identities with their burgeoning professional identities in order to succeed in the clinical learning environment. In this study, the authors explored how clinical medical students with minoritized identities navigate self-censorship and s...

For centuries, Zion has represented a divine promise—a place of justice, peace, and truth. Yet, in modern times, this sacred concept has been hijacked and distorted, transformed into a tool for political dominance, military expansion, and ideological suppression. What was once a symbol of spiritual unity has been repurposed to justify oppression, c...

Over the past decade, disinformation has been the subject of intensive analysis, with researchers examining it from a multitude of perspectives. Among the chief architects of disinformation are governments, which often find themselves playing a double-edged role: both fueling the fire with propaganda and manipulative narratives while simultaneously...

The rapid decline in AI hardware costs is transforming artificial intelligence from a centralized, corporate-controlled technology into a decentralized force available to individuals. By 2030, a $50K personal AI supercomputer will be capable of running GPT-4-class models or better, breaking the current reliance on cloud-based AI services controlled...

A regular black hole, unconstrained by the weak cosmic censorship conjecture, can exceed its critical spin limit and transition into a superspinar. In this paper, we investigate the observational appearance of a rotating regular black hole, specifically the Ghosh black hole and its superspinar counterpart, when surrounded by a thin accretion disk....

Asking the academy to address antisemitism and verbal attacks on Israel and Jews is not a call to limit free speech or introduce any form of censorship. When antisemitic images, demonization of Israel, Jews, hate-speech, comparisons with the Nazis, and demands for the destruction of the Jewish State are tolerated and allowed to thrive, universities...

This study originates from philosophical and critical inquiries regarding the limitations of satire in non-democratic environments, where it is restricted by censorship and harassment, compared to its vitality and central role in democracies, where it serves as a tool for holding power accountable and exposing its contradictions. The research seeks...

This literature review aims to synthesize research on the self-censorship practices of school librarians in Texas while also examining and interpreting the self-censorship experience. Various peer reviewed articles published within the last 20 years were analyzed for information on self-censorship practices and experiences. While self-censorship is...

Though the library has transcended its role in many respects over time, its cardinal function remains to be the dissemination of information, and the rest of its roles have either derived from it or necessary extensions of it. As the cornerstone of libraries, Intellectual Freedom (IF) is inherently connected with the dissemination of Information. H...

The research looks at user impressions of large language model (LLM) DeepSeek through a dual analytical framework encompassing sentiment and thematic analysis. The study aims to find user responses' predominant moods and repeated themes. The bifocal approach enhances perceptions of user satisfaction, concerns, and expectations by including sentimen...

The research looks at user impressions of large language model (LLM) DeepSeek through a dual analytical framework encompassing sentiment and thematic analysis. The study aims to find user responses' predominant moods and repeated themes. The bifocal approach enhances perceptions of user satisfaction, concerns, and expectations by including sentimen...

The ability of Natural Language Processing (NLP) methods to categorize text into multiple classes has motivated their use in online content moderation tasks, such as hate speech and fake news detection. However, there is limited understanding of how or why these methods make such decisions, or why certain content is moderated in the first place. To...

This article explores Mohammed Shukri's lasting impact on Moroccan and African literature. It examines his life with a focus on For Bread Alone (1973) and its initial censorship. Shukri's provocative autobiographical writings continue to inspire Moroccan authors, offering a model of insight and honesty. The paper analyses the events that shaped his...

Zero-Knowledge Succinct Non-Interactive Argument of Knowledge (zk-SNARK) schemes have gained significant adoption in privacy-preserving applications, decentralized systems (e.g., blockchain), and verifiable computation due to their efficiency. However, the most efficient zk-SNARKs often rely on a one-time trusted setup to generate a public paramete...

This paper explores the evolution of disclaimers in Chinese literature, analyzing their function and transformation across various historical periods. Disclaimers have served as crucial devices for authors to navigate the political, social, and cultural constraints imposed by changing regimes, from ancient philosophical writings to modern digital l...

Somewhere between folklore and hallucination, between outlaw legend and literary madness, The Tall Tale Gospel of Saint Jack & Dr. Gonzo unfolds like an American fever dream. This is the last great road trip through the crumbling mythos of a country that once thrived on tall tales, now threatened by the cold, algorithmic erasure of history. Jack, a...

This study addresses critical questions regarding the impact of media coverage on chemical weapon attacks in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. Through interviews, a survey, and analysis of open-source data, the study examines the region’s information landscape. It looks at issues such as censorship, bias, misinformation and disinformation. It explores...

Following the Iran Islamic Revolution in 1979 and the subsequent formation of a theocratic regime, the new regime implemented stringent regulations and a complicated censorship system in the film industry. Thereupon, the screening of films showing the relationships between males and females encountered numerous limitations. Not only did these limit...

The Weak Gravity Conjecture (WGC) posits that gravity must be the weakest force in any consistent theory of quantum gravity. This principle is illustrated through the interaction between charged particles, where electromagnetic forces significantly surpass gravitational forces. As far as the electron is concerned, gravity is the weakest force The W...

China's Great Firewall (GFW) exemplifies one of the most extensive and technologically sophisticated internet censorship frameworks worldwide. Serving as a cornerstone of state-directed digital governance, it integrates a multitude of methods - ranging from DNS manipulation and IP blocking to keyword filtering and active surveillance - to control o...

The rapid development of large language models (LLMs) gives rise to ethical concerns about their performance, while opening new avenues for developing toxic language detection techniques. However, LLMs' unethical output and their capability of detecting toxicity have primarily been tested on language data that do not demand complex meaning inferenc...

This text explores the life and legacy of Sergei Kuriokhin, a multifaceted artist who profoundly impacted Soviet and post-Soviet culture. Known for his radical experimentation in music, theater, and film, Kuriokhin defied conventional genres through his groundbreaking project, ‘Pop Mechanics’, which blended jazz, classical music, rock, circus acts,...

In the digital age, the rapid proliferation of misinformation and disinformation poses a critical challenge to societal trust and the integrity of public discourse. This study presents a comprehensive machine learning framework for fake news detection, integrating advanced natural language processing techniques and deep learning architectures. We r...

This dissertation explores the reception of Russian strategic narratives among Russian-speaking youth in Latvia. Bringing together media and communication studies, international relations and Baltic studies, it approaches narrative persuasion and its reception from a cultural perspective. The primary data for this study consist of 12 focus groups...

The Ukrainian historian Mykhailo Hrushevskyi is most renowned for his academic and publicist works. However, he also left behind a considerable literary legacy, with only a small part of it published during his lifetime. Soviet authorities suppressed the study of Hrushevskyi’s works, labeling him a ‘bourgeois nationalist.’ Today, research on all Hr...

Florida’s recent revisions to its African American history curriculum have sparked national controversy, raising concerns about how racial history is taught in schools. Critics argue that the updated standards distort historical realities by minimizing systemic racism and the brutality of slavery (Najarro, 2023). The Florida State Board of Educatio...

Optimistic rollups rely on fraud proofs -- interactive protocols executed on Ethereum to resolve conflicting claims about the rollup's state -- to scale Ethereum securely. To mitigate against potential censorship of protocol moves, fraud proofs grant participants a significant time window, known as the challenge period, to ensure their moves are pr...

Este artigo analisa o conceito de “lugar de fala”, seu uso no contexto contemporâneo e suas implicações para a liberdade de expressão, com foco em como esse conceito pode ser empregado de maneira excludente, gerando novas formas de censura. O objetivo é refletir sobre as dissociações entre o uso popular da expressão e suas fundações teóricas, explo...

This article examines how the British colonial administration and the local Chinese population interacted around the issue of obscene prints in 1900s–1930s Singapore, with a particular focus on the policing of the female nude. The notion of obscenity acquired different meanings as prints crossed geographical, cultural, and linguistic boundaries. Wh...

Arguing about the stars has rarely been more controversial and dangerous than in the early modern period in Europe, especially in Catholic countries, in a time when old and novel conceptions of the heavens, planetary models and theories of celestial motions and influences were intensely debated, revised and scrutinized for philosophical soundness a...

The term palaístra appears 52 times in Galen. The doctor gives us a lot of information. I will highlight some essential points: 1. Galen tells us about the only emperor (Marcus Aurelius) who was fond of the palaestra, indicating when he went to it and what he did there; 2. He censorships how athletes exhibited their strength in the palaestra, and a...

Эта статья посвящена медийному ландшафту Мадагаскара. Благодаря глубокому анализу эволюции СМИ на Мадагаскаре, основных типов СМИ, развития националистических СМИ и проблем, с которыми они сталкиваются, в данной работе раскрывается совокупное влияние многочисленных политических, экономических и технологических факторов на медиаландшафт Мадагаскара,...

In this paper, we explore the security and privacy concerns associated with a small group of widely used Pakistani mobile apps that tens of millions of Pakistanis depend on for essential services. Using both static and dynamic analysis techniques, we evaluated each app in three critical areas: (i) the volume of personal data collected, its manageme...

NASA has a policy of denial. fraud and censorship allegedly based on the religious beliefs of NASA administrators and “scientists” who believe the search for extraterrestrial life is forbidden by the Bible, Torah, and religious law--As detailed here, in other reports, and in a lawsuit filed by this author. As documented in a 2020 preprint of the ar...

Gender-based violence has long been a widely researched social issue in multiple contexts, and media framing of gender issues is important for public understanding and responsiveness. Considering gender-based violence is rife in contemporary China, this study is dedicated to exploring the discourses of official media's representation of gender-base...

Internet censorship limits the access of nodes residing within a specific network environment to the public Internet, and vice versa. During the last decade, techniques for conducting Internet censorship have been developed further. Consequently, methodology for measuring Internet censorship had been improved as well. In this paper, we firstly prov...

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into academia presents both opportunities and challenges for academic freedom. While AI can enhance research capabilities and educational methodologies, it also raises concerns regarding bias, censorship, and the potential erosion of independent thought. This article explores the multifaceted impact o...

Florida’s recent revisions to its African American history curriculum have sparked national controversy, raising concerns about how racial history is taught in schools. Critics argue that the updated standards distort historical realities by minimizing systemic racism and the brutality of slavery (Najarro, 2023). The Florida State Board of Educatio...

What I am illustrating and discuss in this brief essay is an organizational paradox, that of the ethical censorship of the aesthetic dimension, raised during ordinary practices of organizational communication and related to my recent photographic book Riviera Mediterranea. This paradox stimulated reflections on the intimate link between the aesthet...

Marian Zdziechowski, a prominent Polish philologist and publicist, was open-minded about history, literature, philosophy, and religion. He paid attention to social and political life, leading him to believe that morality was the key to solving some pressing issues. “Great evil should evoke great good as a natural response”—this moral rule, which is...

Our study is based on a novel approach uniting archaeological research with a psychology- based perspective. With this we seek to approach an emotional interpretation of some of the engravings and drawings made by the prisioners of XVI, XVII and XVIII centuries in the prisons of the Episcopal Palace of Tarazona (Spain). We present three cases in wh...

This article reflects on a little-told story of musical and cultural censorship: the Mexican government's 1996 destruction of the Foro Abierto, a 2,000-seater auditorium in the heart of Chapultepec Park in Mexico City. The Foro Abierto was the home of an anarchist theatre group called CLETA, and was an important venue for a number of genre-crossing...

In the paper, I argue that Nepali films are still promoting the ideology of hegemonic masculinity and patriarchy implicitly through reels in the name of upholding cultural norms. Since the internet is becoming more accessible and cheaper than before, more Nepali people of all ages tend to see Nepali films conveniently on different digital platforms...

I prove a convergence theorem in the context of $3+1$ dimensional vacuum Einstein's equations including a positive cosmological constant on spacetimes $\widetilde{M}$ of topological type $M\times \mathbb{R}$, where $M$ is a closed connected oriented Riemannian $3-$manifold of negative Yamabe type. The theorem concerns the global existence of the so...

Book banning and laws against discussing so-called “divisive concepts” in the United States are limiting what is read to children in schools, even in places without specific legislation. Books by Black and LGBTQIA+ authors and/or about Black or LGBTQIA+ characters are specific targets of the book banning and censorship efforts. The research reporte...

This study examines the online moving of Chinese Boys' Love (BL) fans through the lens of platform ecology, exploring how they navigate censorship and create opportunity spaces across multiple digital platforms. Employing a mixed-methods approach combining participant observation, in-depth interviews, and secondary data analysis, the research maps...

#BookTok, the TikTok sub-community for readers, has reshaped publishing and digital reading trends where marginalized readers find space to promote diverse books and stories beyond mainstream norms. This paper explores how three international #BookTokers with diverse cultural and linguistic backgrounds have found community, identity, and activism w...

In this paper, we present a novel fraud-proof mechanism that achieves fast finality and, when combined with optimistic execution, enables real-time transaction processing. State-of-the-art optimistic rollups typically adopt a 7-day challenge window, during which any honest party can raise a challenge in case of fraud. We propose a new assert/challe...

The events of March 1968 in Poland can be viewed as four overlapping threads (i.e. lines of development): 1) factionalism in the ruling party, 2) the intellectuals’ protest against the government’s cultural policies, 3) a student revolt, 4) an anti-Semitic campaign, all in the wake of international events in 1967–68. These developments intertwined...

This study examines the development of prison libraries in India, the information needs of prisoners, and the role these libraries play in the rehabilitation process. Through an extensive literature review, the study explores how prison libraries provide access to educational, legal, and personal development materials essential for inmate self-impr...

A small but mature body of literature around LGBTQ+ library collections is available to researchers and practitioners. Using a novel method – the parallel synthesis scoping review – the authors have incorporated artificial-intelligence-enabled topic modelling into the traditional scoping review method to explore the underlying factors influencing t...

We investigate an analog model of charged black hole (BH) formation using the framework of classical percolation. By analyzing the scaling behavior of key quantities, including surface gravity and Komar mass, we establish a robust correspondence between this analog system and gravitational collapse in general relativity. Our numerical simulations o...

Warning: This paper contains some abusive text that might sometimes be found offensive. Identifying and mitigating hateful, abusive, offensive comments on social media is a crucial, paramount task. It’s challenging to entirely prevent such hateful content and impose rigorous censorship on social platforms while safeguarding free speech. Recent stud...

For centuries, Swiss banking secrecy has been the gold standard for financial privacy, attracting individuals, corporations, and governments seeking discreet wealth management. However, increasing global regulations, tax transparency laws, and anti-money laundering (AML) measures have eroded Switzerland’s role as the world's leading offshore financ...

In an increasingly interconnected world, global regulations and international agreements are shaping the way speech is governed in digital spaces, often in ways that conflict with U.S. free expression protections. While the First Amendment guarantees broad speech rights, multinational tech corporations, AI-driven content moderation, and internation...

Reading engagement influences students' literacy attainment. School library professionals provide resources, environments and guidance to promote reading for pleasure, but little is known about how this role is currently supported or challenged. Drawing on mixed methods survey responses from 971 school library professionals from 63 countries, integ...

Since fourth-wave feminism rose in the early 2010s, digital feminist activism has attracted increasing scholarly attention, bringing a new perspective to feminist research and practices. Drawing on the analytic framework of digital feminist activism, this paper primarily investigates how Chinese feminists use social media platforms, especially Weib...

Disinformation has recently become a subject of widespread concerns across the globe. To combat this issue, various initiatives have emerged, aimed at identifying, tracking, and debunking disinformation. Artificial intelligence (AI) has been incorporated as a tool to counter disinformation, but its implementation has not always been successful and...

This textbook invites students both to consider adaptations on their own terms and to engage with the urgent questions they raise about literary canons; the media industry; the relations between different kinds of media; the nature of national, political, and cultural identities; and the ways in which contemporary digital and social media have comp...

Based on a moment inequality, a family of test statistics for testing exponentiality against DMTTF alternatives is proposed. The asymptotic distribution of the test statistics is derived under the null and alternative hypothesis, and the consistency of the test is shown by exploiting the U-statistics theory. Comparisons with competing tests are mad...

This article deals with the reasons, possible causes, and manifest missed opportunities due to which Croatian culture did not have a successful transition. It especially focusses on the mechanisms and instruments used by the relevant authorities in the Republic of Croatia when it comes to decision-making in the field of culture. Implicit decisions...

This study sets out to investigate whether and to what extent the narratives contained in film titles and their translations can differ from each other. Ten dramas selected from the work of two internationally renowned film directors, Zhang Yimou and Jia Zhangke, were analysed using narrative theory. The findings suggest that films targeted at the...

This paper is dedicated to using a classifier to predict whether a Weibo post would be censored under the Chinese internet. Through randomized sampling from \citeauthor{Fu2021} and Chinese tokenizing strategies, we constructed a cleaned Chinese phrase dataset with binary censorship markings. Utilizing various probability-based information retrieval...

Using artificial intelligence to perform a variety of tasks has become increasingly popular in recent years. The latest tool (as of this writing) is DeepSeek, a cutting-edge artificial intelligence assistant that can perform a wide range of tasks. The present study asked DeepSeek to write an essay providing the pros and cons of Panama becoming a ne...

This paper develops an account of freedom of expression by drawing lessons from the strategic logic of China’s censorship regime. It argues that freedom of expression helps build the common knowledge needed for overcoming coordination problems and is, thus, a source of collective power. However, realizing the full empowering potential of freedom of...

This paper analyses two short passages of Lucian’s True Stories which have been ­omitted in the Estonian translation which appeared in 1964 in the Anthology of Greek Literature. The omissions have been made on moral grounds because they describe sexual encounters and practises. Different strategies to deal with those indecent scenes are compered in...

Abdulhamid II (1842–1918) was the 34th Sultan of the Ottoman Empire, ruling from 1876 to 1909. He ascended the throne during a period of decline for the empire, seeking to modernize and preserve its strength while facing internal unrest and external pressures. Abdulhamid's reign began with the adoption of the 1876 Ottoman Constitution, which briefl...

Iranian filmmakers always try to fulfill their mission to raising awareness by showing hidden and unpleasant social issues in the family and presenting a real picture of domestic violence, but the traditional view of the Iranian society towards the family as a sanctified taboo has been associated with the Islamicization policy of the Iran's regime....

In an increasingly interconnected world, the ability to speak freely is no longer solely governed by national laws. While the First Amendment protects speech within the United States, foreign governments are extending their legal reach beyond their borders, imposing censorship on American citizens, journalists, and corporations. This phenomenon—the...

This study reassessed the role of journalists and media dynamics in promoting sustainable development in Africa, specifically examining how media ownership structures, profit-driven models, and government policies impact journalistic objectivity and coverage of development issues. The research employs a descriptive survey design with a population c...

Society censors, rather than confronts, stories of rape and harassment. The artist’s work unveils the consequences of sexual assault trauma by engaging viewers with the emotional affect. Incorporating influences from Affect Theory, Relational Aesthetics, and Trauma therapy,the artist’s project proposal for TBA, “Your Comfort, My Silence,” examines...

The ever-increasing workload of digital forensic labs raises concerns about law enforcement's ability to conduct both cyber-related and non-cyber-related investigations promptly. Consequently, this article explores the potential and usefulness of integrating Large Language Models (LLMs) into digital forensic investigations to address challenges suc...

This research examines the libretto choices of the pioneer composers of early 19th century Italian opera Rossini, Donizetti, and Bellini. It focuses on how historical, cultural, and social factors influenced their work and helped shape Italian opera. Employing a comparative approach, the study analyzes various operas by these composers to reveal ho...

Censorship penetrates the decisions made about multilingual communication in an age defined by technification, digitisation and ‘Internetisation’. Rather than perceiving censorship solely as a repressive action externally exerted on subjects, this article explores its productive nature in the hands of new censorship theory in both official and non-...

Tawaif, a term referring to courtesans and female entertainers who held significant sway in the cultural landscape of pre-colonial and colonial India, has left an indelible mark on the country’s artistic and intellectual traditions. The research explores the evolution of the tawaif in Indian cinema, focusing on their historical contributions to the...

Artykuł omawia rolę kina irańskiego w kształtowaniu świadomości zachodnich społeczeństw na temat sytuacji kobiet w Iranie. Pomimo surowych ograniczeń wynikających z cenzury i polityki irańska kinematografia ukazuje trudną rzeczywistość kobiet żyjących pod reżimem islamskim, a także ich walkę o prawa i godność. W artykule przeanalizowano filmy znany...

In this paper we examine the relativistic Einstein rings assuming a nonminimal coupling between gravitation and electromagnetism in a Reissner–Norström background. Starting from a general action of a nonminimal coupled electrodynamics we show that an unstable effective photon sphere may be obtained in the regime of eikonal approximation. Restrictin...

Subtitling religious content, particularly sacred texts, presents complex challenges within audiovisual translation, requiring a careful balance between linguistic fidelity, cultural sensitivity, and technical constraints. This study explores the hurdles faced by subtitlers when working with religious material and examines the strategies they emplo...

A bstract We consider a six-dimensional U(1) gauge theory compactified on two-dimensional manifolds. The number of chiral fermions is determined by the flux quantization number on the two-dimensional compact manifolds. Using the Swampland Conjectures, we find constraints among the parameters of the theory: the flux quantization number, the compacti...

Are translation ethics in the Arab world adopted and properly applied to ensure full faithfulness to the source text? What is that really matters the most? Being faithful to the source text or the target culture? What if the source text promotes practices that are deemed “unethical” in the target culture? Should the translator remain faithful to hi...

The legendary Russian literary critic Belinsky famously described Pushkin’s novel in verse Eugene Onegin as an encyclopedia of Russian life. However, this encyclopedia seems seriously incomplete in that it largely leaves out elements of oppression, war, and insurrection. There are many valid explanations for this, but one, very blunt and prosaic, i...

Autocratisation, the erosion of democracy through centralisation and suppression, threatens global political integrity. It curtails freedoms, fosters polarisation, and undermines rights, yet democratic movements endure...Democratic advocates and movements continue to challenge the power shift. Social media, in particular, is an integral avenue upon...