Cell Cycle - Science topic

Background Neuroblastoma (NB) is rare in adolescents and adults, resulting in limited availability of data. Objectives We comprehensively investigated the characteristics, treatments, and outcomes of adolescent and adult patients with NB, aiming to provide a more in-depth insight into this disease. Design A retrospective, single-center study. Me...

Grain width is one of the important factors determining grain yield and appearance quality. However, the genetic and molecular mechanisms controlling grain width remain be largely unexplored. In this study, we characterized a grain width mutant gw4 (grain width on chromosome 4), which showed reduced grain width but did not affect grain length. Sequ...

Recent years have seen a rapid proliferation of single-cell cancer studies, yet most of these studies profiled few tumors, limiting their statistical power. Combining data and results across studies holds great promise but also involves various challenges. We recently began to address these challenges by curating a large collection of cancer single...

Most cancers are genetically and phenotypically heterogeneous. This includes subpopulations of cells with different levels of sensitivity to chemotherapy, which may lead to treatment failure as the more resistant cells can survive drug treatment and continue to proliferate. While the genetic basis of resistance to many drugs is relatively well char...

Aqueous iron (Fe) metal ion batteries have great application possibilities and prospects due to their remarkably low cost and high safety. However, the cycle life of the Fe metal anode is limited by severe corrosion and dendrite growth, which hinders their practical application. This study employs a double‐layered, two‐dimensional (2D) ordered poly...

La psoriasis es una dermatosis eritematoescamosa con polimorfismo clínico; su fisiopatogenia resulta del acortamiento del ciclo celular epidérmico asociado con factores genéticos y ambientales. Se presenta en 2% de la población mundial; la forma más común (en 80% de los casos) es la psoriasis vulgar. La psoriasis invertida ha reportado un 24%, obse...

SAE1, a key factor in tumour development, has not been thoroughly examined in pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD), a cancer with high incidence and poor prognosis. We conducted a comprehensive study, integrating mRNA data, immunohistochemistry, CRISPR‐modified cell line analysis and single‐cell RNA sequencing to assess SAE1's role in PAAD. We also use...

To advance the lithium-ion battery (LIB) technology more quickly, its lifetime should be predicted accurately. The precise prediction of LIB lifetime can help in producing new batteries, better use and operation of batteries. It is worthy for noting here that the LIB is a heavy nonlinear system suffering from battery fading, degradation, uncertaint...

Lung cancer remains the most prevalent carcinoma with a high mortality rate, yet the underlying mechanisms driving pulmonary neoplasia and disease progression are not fully understood. In our study, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of the transcriptome profiles and clinicopathological characteristics of 515 patients diagnosed with non-small ce...

Coordinated cell cycle regulation is essential for homeostasis, with most cells in the body residing in quiescence (G 0 ). Many pathologies arise due to disruptions in tissue-specific G 0 , yet little is known about the temporal-spatial mechanisms that establish G 0 and its signaling hub, primary cilia. Mechanistic insight is limited by asynchronou...

The p53 protein is essential for controlling the cell cycle and promoting apoptosis, which are critical processes in preventing tumor development. MDM2 acts as a negative regulator of p53 by facilitating its degradation, thereby diminishing its ability to suppress tumors. In the present study, a total of six naturally occurring biflavonoids, catego...

Considerando o estresse ocupacional de profissionais de saúde que trabalham em turnos noturnos pode desencadear diversas alterações nas condições de saúde, inclusive predisposição ao câncer de mama. O trabalho noturno afeta a saúde metabólica e hormonal, altera os ciclos de sono e vigília e influencia hábitos de vida pouco saudáveis, impactando asp...

Understanding anode failure mechanisms in lithium metal batteries (LMBs) is crucial for their use in energy storage, as the anode directly affects battery stability and electrolyte selection. Unfortunately, post-mortem methods reveal failure outcomes but often miss dynamic progressions, obscuring cause-and-effect relationships in failure evolution....

Gastric cancer is a significant contributor to worldwide cancer deaths with limited treatment options and poor patient survival. MicroRNAs play crucial roles as potential oncogenic factors or tumor suppressors in cancers by modulating cell cycle progression, proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis. However, the functional implications of...

In animal cells, growth factor signaling promotes both cell cycle progression and cell growth, but the connection between these two processes is not well understood. Here, we investigated whether cell cycling and cell growth are coupled through protein translation. Using ribosome profiling and mRNA sequencing we examined changes in translational ac...

Malignant melanoma (MM) is the most lethal skin cancer globally, with a high incidence of over 300,000 per year. Though constant efforts have been made to elucidate the mechanisms of MM, we are still away from a complete understanding. Recently, the essential role of zinc finger proteins in tumor development was covered, but none of these roles wer...

Single-cell analysis is increasingly popular in the field of biology, enabling more precise analyses of heterogeneous phenomena, particularly in the fields of embryology and the study of different diseases. At the heart of this evolution is video microscopy, an ancient but revolutionary technique. From its first use on embryos, through the study of...

Long-stranded noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a group of RNAs that are longer than 200 nucleotides and without protein-coding ability. Current researches indicated that the dysregulated expression of lncRNAs not only impaired normal cell growth and development, but also interfered with the cell cycle and cellular metabolism, thereby causing the develo...

Recent advancements in Lithium–sulfur (Li─S) batteries have significantly improved cell‐specific energy, while challenges persist in improving volumetric energy and cell cycle life. In this study, a design principle is elucidated to enhance sulfur utilization in high‐density and high‐sulfur‐content electrodes using a liquid‐templated shear‐rolling...

Single-cell 3D genome mapping offers insights into chromatin architecture, yet the inherent sparsity and high dimensionality of contact maps hinder reliable identification of chromatin loops at the single-cell level. Here, we present CellLoop, a single-cell chromatin loop detection algorithm based on a density-based center detection framework that...

Life on islands and cancer evolves under unique environmental pressures and acquire distinctive features. This manuscript is an attempt to find analogies between carcinogenesis and island biota colonization, evolution, and extinction. Hopefully this analogy will provide hints how extinct cancer. Both island biota and malignancy are initially scarce...

Background Burkitt’s lymphoma (BL) is a rare, highly aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma known for rapid proliferation. While most patients respond well to intensive chemotherapy, those who are older, have comorbidities, or develop therapy resistance show limited outcomes. Purpose This study aims to evaluate the in vitro anti-tumor activity o...

Chromosome structure is complex, and many aspects of chromosome organization are still not understood. Measuring the stiffness of chromosomes offers valuable insight into their structural properties. In this study, we analyzed the stiffness of chromosomes from metaphase I (MI) and metaphase II (MII) oocytes. Our results revealed a tenfold increase...

Background Cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4/6 inhibitors are novel anticancer drugs that can arrest the cell cycle and halt the progression of cancers. This study presents a rare case of vortex keratopathy associated with the use of a cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4/6 inhibitor for breast cancer treatment. Patient presentation A 60-year-old female...

Biological timing is a fundamental aspect of life, facilitating efficient resource use and adaptation to environmental changes. In this study, we unveil robust temporal oscillations in phospholipid abundance as a function of the yeast metabolic cycle (YMC). These fluctuations, occurring throughout the cell division cycle, demonstrate a systematic s...

Melanoma is an aggressive cancer with rising incidence, particularly among older individuals. Despite advancements in targeted therapies for BRAF and MEK proteins and immunotherapies, many patients either fail to respond or develop resistance. For those progressing on immunotherapy, limited treatment options remain. The Cyclin D–CDK4/6–RB pathway i...

Prime editing is a method of genome editing based on reverse transcription. Recent results have shown its elevated efficiency in dividing cells, which raises some questions regarding the mechanism of this effect, because prime editing does not employ homology-driven repair. This mini review aims to identify the reason for this phenomenon and find a...

The axolotl is a highly regenerative species, capable of restoring full limbs, regardless of the amputation site. However, the regeneration rate is adjusted with the plane of amputation along the proximo-distal (PD) axis, leading to equivalent regeneration times regardless of the extent of tissue removal. We hypothesized that this phenomenon could...

Uterine leiomyosarcoma (Ut-LMS) is a rare and aggressive malignant tumor with limited therapeutic options. Therefore, exploration of novel treatment strategies is necessary. MG132 is a potent proteasome inhibitor that has shown promising potential in cancer therapy by inducing apoptosis through disruption of protein homeostasis. Despite its promisi...

Purpose Estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer is the most common subtype, accounting for approximately 80% of cases, with endocrine therapy as the standard postoperative treatment. However, despite risk-reducing therapies, the risk of recurrence remains substantial. Studies, including the POETIC trial, have demonstrated that low Ki67 levels...

It has been observed that the growth of the nucleus and the cytoplasm is coordinated during cell growth, resulting in a nearly constant nuclear-to-cell volume ratio (N/C) throughout the cell cycle. Previous studies have shown that the N/C ratio is determined by the ratio between the number of proteins in the nucleus and the total number of proteins...

Bacterial chromosomes are in continual motion as they undergo concurrent transcription, replication, and segregation. Time-course Hi-C experiments hold promise for studying chromosome organization across the cell cycle, but interpreting Hi-C data from dynamic systems remains challenging. Here, we develop a fully data-driven 4D Maximum Entropy appro...

The advancement of lithium metal batteries toward their theoretical energy density potential remains constrained by safety and performance issues inherent to liquid electrolytes. Quasi‐solid‐state electrolytes (QSSEs) based on poly‐1,3‐dioxolane (poly‐DOL) represent a promising development, yet challenges in achieving satisfactory Coulombic efficie...

Across the tree of life, organisms interact with the surrounding environment during growth and development. The alteration of organismal growth due to environmental stress is orchestrated at the cellular level and manifested at the organ level. Organismal growth relies on a combination of cell division, expansion, and differentiation. In a natural...

Monitoring and tracking of cell motion is a key component for understanding disease mechanisms and evaluating the effects of treatments. Time-lapse optical microscopy has been commonly employed for studying cell cycle phases. However, usual manual cell tracking is very time consuming and has poor reproducibility. Automated cell tracking techniques...

The dissolution of transition metals (TM) from the cathode and their subsequent deposition on the anode represent significant degradation mechanisms in lithium-ion batteries, particularly as the industry seeks to transition towards more sustainable and cost-efficient materials. In this work, the impacts of Mn, Fe, Ni, and Co depositions on the lith...

Despite its promise, cardiac regenerative therapy remains clinically elusive due to the difficulty of spatio‐temporal control of proliferative induction, and the need to coordinately reprogram multiple regulatory pathways to overcome the strict post‐mitotic state of human adult cardiomyocytes. To address this unmet therapeutic need, a combinatorial...

Bacterial populations typically exhibit exponential growth under resource-rich conditions, yet individual cells often deviate from this pattern. Recent work has shown that the elongation rates of Escherichia coli and Caulobacter crescentus increase throughout the cell cycle (super-exponential growth), while Bacillus subtilis displays a mid-cycle mi...

The role of calcium, an essential secondary messenger, in cell division remains an outstanding question in cell biology despite several significant findings over the past few decades. Among them is the landmark discovery of intracellular calcium waves during cytokinesis, the last stage of cell division, in fish cells. Nevertheless, subsequent studi...

The topic proposed asks why we have an incomplete understanding of estrogen receptor action in cancer. We agree that the role of ER in some cancers is poorly understood but the role of ER in luminal breast cancer (which represents the biggest subtype of the most common cancer in women) is very well characterized. Although technologies evolve and al...

This study evaluates the performance of two-dimensional (2D) detonation simulations against recent experimental measurements for a stoichiometric hydrogen–air mixture at 25 kPa. The validation parameters rely on the average cell size (λ), the cell size variability (2σ/λ), and the dynamics of both the relative detonation speed (D/DCJ) and the local...

Single-cell circadian oscillators exchange extracellular information to sustain coherent circadian rhythms at the tissue level. The circadian clock and the cell cycle couple within cells but the mechanisms underlying this interplay are poorly understood. We show that the loss of extracellular circadian synchronization disrupts circadian and cell cy...

Glutathione (GSH) is essential for cellular redox regulation; however, the redox potential (EGSH) of the nucleus and membraneless organelles (MLOs) remains poorly understood. Here, we use the Grx1-roGFP2 sensor to measure the EGSH of the nucleus and several MLOs such as the nucleoli, stress granules, p-bodies, paraspeckles, and Cajal bodies. Unlike...

Neutrophils are a granulocytic population of myeloid cells that have critical effector functions during infectious disease but are generally thought to be short-lived and nonproliferative with markedly limited activation states. In these studies, we directly compared lung neutrophil activation following infection with different groups of pathogens...

DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) pose a critical threat to cellular proliferation and genomic integrity. Upon genotoxic stress, the DNA damage response (DDR) rapidly activates repair pathways and halts cell cycle progression through checkpoint activation. Previously, we demonstrated that DDR-activated c-Abl tyrosine kinase (ABL1) attenuates error-pr...

As a kind of prevalent malignancy globally, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is characterized by significant morbidity and mortality due to the difficulties in early diagnosis and limited treatment options. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a type of circular single-stranded RNA molecule formed by the back-splicing of the 5’ end and the 3’ end of linear R...

El estudio analizó la efectividad en el uso de herramientas tecnológicas de Realidad Virtual (RV) para la enseñanza del ciclo celular en la asignatura de Biología General, de la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Evangélica de El Salvador (UEES). Las innovaciones implementadas se basaron en el uso del dispositivo Oculus Meta Quest 2, herramient...

The role of p31Comet in deactivating the spindle assembly checkpoint is well described in the literature; however, the data are all completed using Variant 2 of p31Comet. p31Comet is known to be expressed as two different splice variants: Variant 1 and Variant 2. Variant 1 contains an additional 32 N-terminal residues compared to Variant 2. We repo...

During mitosis, unattached kinetochores trigger the spindle assembly checkpoint by promoting the assembly of the mitotic checkpoint complex, a heterotetramer comprising Mad2, Cdc20, BubR1, and Bub3. Critical to this process is the kinetochore‐mediated catalysis of an intrinsically slow conformational conversion of Mad2 from an open (O‐Mad2) inactiv...

Aim: To investigate the comprehensive expression levels and possible molecular mechanisms of Anaphase Promoting Complex Subunit 1 (ANAPC1) in lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC). Methods: Data from 2,031 samples were combined to evaluate ANAPC1 mRNA levels, and 118 samples were collected for immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis. High-expression co...

Advanced non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with positive PD‐L1 expression requires more effective therapeutic options. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of autologous cytokine‐induced killer (CIK) cell therapy combined with the anti‐PD‐1 antibody toripalimab, with or without chemotherapy, as a first‐line treatment for advanced NS...

Objectives/Goals: Aged keratinocytes are less proliferative than adult, and aged skin heals more slowly. We examined the proliferation kinetics of aged and adult human keratinocytes. We then tested whether an extrinsic agent, sh-oligopeptide-72, can ameliorate these defects. Methods/Study Population: We used live cell imaging (LCI) to examine the p...

Background Gastric cancer is the world’s leading tumor disease in terms of morbidity and mortality and is currently treated clinically with a comprehensive approach based on surgery. Studies have demonstrated the antitumor effects of neferine, but the anti-cancer mechanism for gastric cancer is not yet clear. Methods The Pubchem and Swiss TargetPre...

Protein kinase D3 (PRKD3), belonging to the protein kinase D family, significantly influences tumor development and progression. The role of PRKD3 in advancing gastric cancer (GC) and its effects on the cell cycle are not well understood, necessitating detailed investigation. Assessment of PRKD3 expression in both malignant and normal gastric tissu...

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by dysregulation of the interleukin 17 (IL-17) signaling axis. Given that psoriasis development depends on keratinocyte stem cells and early progenitors’ sensitivity to differentiation, we analyzed IL-17 ligands and the expression and function of in a novel subset of keratinocyte subpop...

The Bcl-2 family’s anti-apoptotic proteins, particularly Mcl-1, offer a viable avenue for cancer treatment since cancer cells can undergo apoptosis when their selective suppression occurs. Mcl-1 is essential for controlling the advancement of the cell cycle, as well as apoptosis. There is a constant clinical need for more potent treatments for brea...

Tetraploidisation plays a crucial role in evolution, development, stress adaptation, and disease, but its beneficial or pathological effects in different tissues remain unclear. This study aims to compare physiological and unphysiological tetraploidy in eight steps: 1) mechanisms of diploidy-to-tetraploidy transition, 2) induction and elimination o...

Cells actively regulate their size during the cell cycle to maintain volume homeostasis across generations. While various mathematical models of cell size regulation have been proposed to explain how this is achieved, relating these models to experimentally observed cell size distributions has proved challenging. In this paper we present a simple f...

Prohibitins are a highly conserved family of proteins that have been implicated in a variety of functions including mitochondrial stress signalling and housekeeping, cell cycle progression, apoptosis, lifespan regulation and many others. The human prohibitins prohibitin 1 and prohibitin 2 have been proposed to act as scaffolds within the mitochondr...

O carcinoma basocelular (CBC) é o tipo mais comum de câncer de pele, frequentemente associado a mutações somáticas em genes-chave da via de sinalização Hedgehog, como PTCH e SMO. O gene PTCH1, quando mutado, perde a capacidade de regular a via, permitindo sua ativação constante e levando à proliferação celular descontrolada, um dos principais mecan...

Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed neoplasm in the world. It can be classified into four main subtypes, each of them showing differences in the expression of hormone receptor (HR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), and in cell metabolism. Since 2015, when The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the first cycl...

This study explores the roles of ubiquitin-like modification genes in pan-cancer, focusing on their regulatory mechanisms, prognostic implications, and drug sensitivity. Data on five key neddylation pathway genes (RBX1, NEDD8, NAE1, UBA3, UBE2M) were collected from TCGA and GTEx databases, covering mRNA expression, DNA methylation, SNVs, and CNVs....

The cell cycle of eukaryotic cells consists of several processes that must be carefully orchestrated and completed in a timely manner. Alterations in cell cycle dynamics have been linked to the onset of various diseases, underscoring the need for quantitative methods to analyze cell cycle progression. Here, using a combination of high-throughput ex...

In the course of antibody affinity maturation, germinal centre (GC) B cells mutate their immunoglobulin heavy- and light-chain genes in a process known as somatic hypermutation (SHM)1, 2, 3–4. Panels of mutant B cells with different binding affinities for antigens are then selected in a Darwinian manner, which leads to a progressive increase in aff...

Background: Combinations of the anticancer agents is a commonly practiced strategy in cancer treatment as it provides an efficient way to control the disease burden with reduced side effects. Finding novel compounds to be combined with the available chemotherapeutic drugs for better treatment of colorectal cancer is a much-needed research domain. I...

Cell division cycle 42 (CDC42) regulates prostate cancer growth and metastasis. This study aimed to evaluate the change in serum CDC42 during treatment and its association with the clinical features and prognosis in abiraterone plus prednisone treated metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients. Seventy-two mCRPC patients who u...

This study systematically explored the role of NEDD8 in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML) through patient sample analysis, database mining, and in vitro experiments. Our results demonstrated that NEDD8 was significantly overexpressed in newly diagnosed pediatric AML patients and was associated with poor survival outcomes. Functional enrichment...

Sodium manganese hexacyanoferrate Na2Mn[Fe(CN)6] (NaMnHCF) is a promising cathode material for sodium‐ion batteries, owing to its voltage profile similar to that of lithium iron phosphate (LFP) and its use of abundant, inexpensive resources. This study presents full cell cycling data for NaMnHCF against hard carbon (HC) anodes with various common c...

B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) family proteins are fundamental regulators of intrinsic cell apoptosis, and overexpression of apoptotic proteins (Bcl-2 and Mcl-1) is a characteristic of many haematological malignancies. Thus, it is necessary to discover novel inhibitors to treat leukemia. In the current study, we synthesized a series of quercetagetin der...

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Mechanical features of cells play a crucial role in many biological processes such as crawling, proliferation, spreading, stretching, contracting, division, and programmed cell death. The loss of cell viscoelasticity underlines different types of diseases such as cancer, sickle cell, malaria, and diabetes mellitus. To understand the loss of viscoel...

The cell cycle governs a precise series of molecular events, regulated by coordinated changes in protein and phosphorylation abundance, that culminates in the generation of two daughter cells. Here, we present a proteomic and phosphoproteomic analysis of the human cell cycle in hTERT-RPE-1 cells using deep quantitative mass spectrometry by isobaric...

N6-Threonylcarbamoyladenosine (t6A) modification irregularities and their associated enzymes genes (OSGEP, OSGEPL1, TPRKB, GON7, TP53RK, YRDC, and LAGE3) are linked to various malignancies development, including Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC), yet the specific mechanisms remain obscure. This gap in knowledge is significant, as understanding the mec...

In living cells, cycles of formation and dissolution of liquid droplets can mediate biological functions such as DNA repair. However, the minimal physicochemical prerequisite for such droplet oscillations remains elusive. Here, we present a simple model composed of only two independent chemical components with their diffusive and chemical fluxes go...

Background Neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) is a highly aggressive malignancy with few effective treatment options. The identification of reliable biomarkers for NEPC is essential for early detection and intervention. Methods We combined single-cell and bulk transcriptome analysis to identify novel markers of NEPC. InferCNV to assess copy num...

Characterizing dynamical systems given limited measurements is a common challenge throughout the physical and biological sciences. However, this task is challenging, especially due to transient variability in systems with equivalent long-term dynamics. We address this by introducing smooth prototype equivalences (SPE), a framework that fits a diffe...