Categorization - Science topic

This study aimed to analyze the relationship between the combination of uses and the distribution of room areas in the conversion of closed public schools in Japan. Four combinations of uses and three distributions of room spaces were extracted from 109 cases of closed schools nationwide. Based on the above categorizations, 11 cases were analyzed i...

Contamination by Light Non-Aqueous Phase Liquids (LNAPL) represents a challenge due to the difficulties encountered in its underground assessment and recovery. The major risks arising from subsoil LNAPL accumulation face human health and environment, gaining a social relevance also in the frame of a continuously changing climate. This paper reports...

Phospholipid fatty acid analysis (PLFA) provides an easy to use and robust measure of changing soil microbial condition. The method provides data on both the quantity and composition of the soil microbial community-critical knowledge because the community is an important component of soil health. However, it is challenging for new researchers to kn...

The present paper deals with an exploratory study on the terminological consistency of four selected project management glossaries. To systematically carry out the study, eight activities were established. Regarding the information consistency sub-characteristic, this work includes a comparison and analysis of both the syntactic and semantic consis...

A large effort has been devoted over the past century to assessing soil erosion using a variety of methods under a wide range of climatic conditions, soil types, land uses, topography, and others. Thus, we attempt to provide an analysis of national data of several soil erosion modeling and fingerprinting. The methodology adopted for this research i...

This study proposes an intelligent protection relay design that uses artificial neural networks to secure electrical parts in power infrastructure from different faults. Electrical transformer and transmission lines are protected using intelligent differential and distance relay, respectively. Faults are categorized, and their locations are pinpoin...

Aim: This paper presents a qualitative study of the experiences of parents raising children with autism, as reflected in the media. The study aimed to explore the most recurring themes expressed by parents of children with autism in media articles. Method: We searched for media articles written by parents of children with autism. In total 20 articl...

The usage of artificial intelligence (AI) in the field of cultural heritage (CH) research has increased, making CH one of the most prominent application domains for AI. In fact, the development of creative tools for analyzing, maintaining, and accessing cultural material has been made possible by new uses of AI: • Data mining based on AI tools allo...

Abstract. This article presents an update on known and unknown biological codes. While the genetic code has been recognised as a code for decades, most other codes were hidden in the shadow of this hallmark discovery. It was the dawn of the new millennium when the histone language and code were proclaimed in the years 2000 and 2001, respectively, t...

Data obtained by direct observation of organisms in their natural habitats can provide valuable contributions regarding intra- and inter-specific interactions, as well as spatial distribution and trophic relationships. However, relatively few such data are available for the Neotropical ichthyofauna relative to the great species diversity of this re...

This article analyzes specific aspects of industry practice to consider ways in which Netflix has proven itself an innovative disruptor in the film industry. By applying Clayton Christensen’s theory and model of innovative disruption to Netflix, it addresses ways both Netflix and “incumbents” (in this case, legacy film industry businesses, namely t...

Ambient air pollution is widely acknowledged to be the worst type of environmental pollution. The amount of air pollution varies from time to time and from region to region. The spatiotemporal distribution of air pollutants in the city of Enugu was investigated in this study. Due to the high concentration of industrial clusters, heavy traffic and i...

AI-induced societal harms mirror existing problems in domains where AI replaces or complements traditional methodologies. However, trustworthy AI discourses postulate the homogeneity of AI, aim to derive common causes regarding the harms they generate, and demand uniform human interventions. Such AI monism has spurred legislation for omnibus AI law...

Based on a recent cross-sectional study using self-report questionnaires, Dinse and colleagues (2023) claim that this study shows that "the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic causes a dysfunctional dietary behavior" (title) and that the "data clearly show that psychological burdens affect an individual's dietary behavior" (abstract). This commentary argues that t...

Hear a word and understand two is a yiddish proverb. Hear a word and hear ten is a Japanese proverb. So it brings 12. What about Filipino proverb, etc.? So it brings 11. There is formal to informal writing. There is casual to friendly writing. There is speech and written. There is important and expetimental and trial, etc. There are curses and bles...

Social media platforms have become powerful tools for startups, helping them find customers and raise funding. In this study, we applied a social media intelligence-based methodology to analyze startups’ content and to understand how their communication strategies may differ during their scaling process. To understand if a startup’s social media co...

Koopman operator theory has proven to be a promising approach to nonlinear system identification and global linearization. For nearly a century, there had been no efficient means of calculating the Koopman operator for applied engineering purposes. The introduction of a recent computationally efficient method in the context of fluid dynamics, which...

Despite decades of research and thought on the meaning and identification of revolutions in science, there is no generally accepted definition for this concept. This paper presents 13 different characteristics that have been used by philosophers and historians of science to characterize revolutions in science, in general, and in chemistry, in parti...

This study aims to recognize the translation equivalence through the translation methods of hyperbolic expressions used in iPhone 14, iPhone 14 Pro, and iPhone SE 2022 official webpages. The data used in this study is the hyperbolic expressions gained from the official webpages of iPhone 14, iPhone 14 Pro and iPhone SE 2022. The research stages app...

Scenarios for monitoring land cover on a large scale, involving large volumes of data, are becoming more prevalent in remote sensing applications. The accuracy of algorithms is important for environmental monitoring and assessments. Because they performed equally well throughout the various research regions and required little human involvement dur...

Purpose: The current trend is an increasing sedentary lifestyle in all age categories. Among university students, there is an alarming decline in physical activity while increasing the percentage of total body fat compared to high school students. The main goal of the study is to describe the current state of body composition of university students...

Purpose Humoral and cellular immune responses were described after COVID-19 vaccination in patients with common variable immunodeficiency disorder (CVID). This study aimed to investigate SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody quality and memory function of B cell immunity as well as T cell responses after COVID-19 vaccination in seroresponding and non-respon...

In this paper the researcher dealt with some definitions such as (the direction, the approach and the method), then has dealt with the old trends and the factors affecting them. Since the emergence of interpretation to the era of codification, and then dealt with interpretation trends from the categorization era to the twentieth century AD, the res...

Understanding how different areas of the human brain communicate with each other is a crucial issue in neuroscience. The concepts of structural, functional and effective connectivity have been widely exploited to describe the human connectome, consisting of brain networks, their structural connections and functional interactions. Despite high-spati...

The automatic extraction of information from Cyber Threat Intelligence (CTI) reports is crucial in risk management. The increased frequency of the publications of these reports has led researchers to develop new systems for automatically recovering different types of entities and relations from textual data. Most state-of-the-art models leverage Na...

China has seen a steady rise in the number of migrant children in recent years. Aside from focusing on educational barriers, the migrant-related public issue has shifted its attention to mental health. Previous discoveries on the state of migrant children's mental health in China has revealed a perceivable deviant trend along with multiple contribu...

In recent years, some neurologists reconsidered their approach to Medically Unexplained Symptoms and proposed Functional Neurologic Disorders (FND) as a new entity, claiming that neurology could offer alternative treatment options to the psychotherapies provided in psychiatry settings. FNDs, for this purpose, should include only the disorders liste...

Transforming sensory inputs into meaningful neural representations is critical to adaptive behaviour in everyday environments. While non-invasive neuroimaging methods are the de-facto method for investigating neural representations, they remain expensive, not widely available, time-consuming, and restrictive in terms of the experimental conditions...

Background In adults with diabetes, diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) and amputation are common and associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Purpose Identify tools predicting risk of DFU or amputation that are prognostically accurate and clinically feasible. Methods We searched for systematic reviews (SRs) of tools predicting DFU or amputatio...

Recently, various methods have been developed to identify COVID-19 cases, such as PCR testing and non-contact procedures such as chest X-rays and computed tomography (CT) scans. Deep learning (DL) and artificial intelligence (AI) are critical tools for early and accurate detection of COVID-19. This research explores the different DL techniques for...

Metastable solid electrolytes exhibit superior conductivity compared to stable ones, making them a subject of considerable interest. However, solid-state synthesis of the metastable phase is affected by multiple thermodynamic and kinetic parameters, leading to ambiguity in the categorization of stability and metastability. This study categorizes re...

The paper deals with theoretical (mathematical) investigations on the species problem, in other words, we examine the species categorization problem from the modeler's point of view. The paper is divided into two main sections. In the first part, we present several mathematical definition schemas that can provide frameworks for various categorizati...

We present a new challenging dataset, CPPE-5 (Medical Personal Protective Equipment), with the goal to allow the study of subordinate categorization of medical personal protective equipments, which is not possible with other popular data sets that focus on broad-level categories (such as PASCAL VOC, ImageNet, Microsoft COCO, OpenImages, etc). To ma...

Introduction: Breast cancer patients frequently experience spiritual discomfort due to the disease, its diagnosis, and its repercussions. When end-of-life patients’ spiritual needs are not adequately served, they are forced to deal with an overall burden of daily distress and anxiety that affects their emotional and spiritual health. Several studie...

PCR detection of Helicobacter pylori infection in gastric biopsies allows the detection of this bacterium and the mutations associated with macrolide resistance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of RIDA®GENE H. pylori PCR (r-Biopharm) on the ELITe InGenius System (Elitech). Two hundred gastric biopsies were obtained. These biop...

The objective of the present work was to compare the levels of executive, emotional, and initiation apathy in individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), mild Alzheimer’s disease dementia (ADD), and cognitively intact healthy controls (HCs). Fifty-two patients with mild ADD, 40 individuals with MCI, and 37 cognitively intact individuals were...

One of the critical multimedia analysis problems in today’s digital world is video summarization (VS). Many VS methods have been suggested based on deep learning methods. Nevertheless, These are inefficient in processing, extracting, and deriving information in the minimum amount of time from long-duration videos. Detailed analysis and investigatio...

Hyperspectral imaging has been largely utilized in applications involving remote sensing to describe the composition of thousands of spectral bands in a single scene. Hyperspectral images (HSI) require an accurate training model for extracting the characteristics of scenes presented in an image. Image learning models involving spectral resolution p...

Background: Regional and country-specific cardiovascular risk algorithms have been developed to improve CVD risk prediction. But it is unclear whether migrants’ country-of-residence or country-of-birth algorithms agree in stratifying the CVD risk of these populations. We evaluated the risk stratification by the different algorithms, by comparing mi...

Distributed Denial of service (DDoS) is the most frequent as well as serious attack that causes serious threats to new-generation communication networks. In recent times, the detection of DDoS attacks becomes a complicated task due to high computation complexities. Several classification approaches are developed by the researchers to detect and res...

The knowledge obtained from emotions via online communities is substantially valuable in various domains, including social management, resource planning, politics, and market predictions. Affective computing, as a multi-aspect realm, aims to exploit emotion-pertinent details from various contents via connecting artificial intelligence to cognitive...

Background Covid – 19 caused by SARS-CoV2 has become a pandemic. It has a rapid disease progression and causes severe and fatal complications. Associating radiological severity with effective biomarkers like CRP, leucocytes, lymphocytes, D – Dimer, would be helpful in screening, categorizing patient, preventing serious complications. Aims and Obje...

Many species are able to recognize objects, but it has been proven difficult to pinpoint and compare how different species solve this task. Recent research suggested to combine computational and animal modelling in order to obtain a more systematic understanding of task complexity and compare strategies between species. In the present study, we cre...

Treatment resistant schizophrenia (TRS) is characterized by a lack of, or suboptimal response to, antipsychotic agents. The biological underpinnings of this clinical condition are still scarcely understood. Since all antipsychotics block dopamine D2 receptors (D2R), dopamine-related mechanisms should be considered the main candidates in the neurobi...

Deep neural learning has shown remarkable performance at learning representations for visual object categorization. However, deep neural networks such as CNNs do not explicitly encode objects and relations among them. This limits their success on tasks that require a deep logical understanding of visual scenes, such as Kandinsky patterns and Bongar...

Demand-side management, a new development in smart grid technology, has enabled communication between energy suppliers and consumers. Demand side energy management (DSM) reduces the cost of energy acquisition and the associated penalties by continuously monitoring energy use and managing appliance schedules. Demand response (DR), distributed energy...

Protrusio acetabuli is a unique osteological condition that has been long described in the literature and is known to potentially increase both the surgical complexity and the risk of complications when performing total hip arthroplasty. Although grading systems for native hip protrusio have been described in the past, there has not yet been a wide...

Introduction Since first reports about a novel coronavirus were published in February 20201, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has turned into a global pandemic with more than 653,000,000 associated cases and 6,665,000 deaths globally by 01/23/20232. To provide a high-level (meta-)overview the objectives of this syst...

In this paper, a comprehensive statistics-based review of islanding detection methods (IDMs) in microgrids (MGs) is presented. Islanding detection is the situation of isolating the MG from the main grid whether programmed as a result of load managing purposes or un-programmed due to the occurrence of faults. Islanding detection is a vital issue in...

The purpose of this research is to obtain data about the process of intra-school student organization activities. The spirit of discipline between administrators and members of intra-school student organizations; what are the obstacles to the implementation of the intra-school student organization program; efforts to increase discipline in intra-sc...

According to predictive processing theories, vision is facilitated by predictions derived from our internal models of what the world should look like. However, the contents of these models and how they vary across people remains unclear. Here, we use drawing to directly access the contents of the internal models of individual participants. Particip...

With the rapid development of science and technology, many new concepts and terms appear, especially in English. Other languages try to express these concepts with words from their vocabulary. In Arabic, there are many ways to find a counterpart for a particularly new concept, such as using an existing word to denote the new concept, derivation, an...

The usage of the Internet has been growing rapidly, and in the field of natural language processing (NLP), sentiment analysis has become one of the most popular techniques. Using sentiment analysis, the emotional tone behind a body of text can be mined effectively for different occasions. Instagram has become a popular platform for people to buy an...

Solar Energy Volume 254, April 2023, Pages 15-26 Identifying, analyzing, and prioritizing barriers in the Indian industrial and commercial rooftop solar sector Author links open overlay panelTarun Dhingra a, Anita Sengar b, Shambhu Sajith c Show more Outline Share Cite https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2023.02.056 Get rights and content Highlights...

Parosmia is an olfactory disorder that involves distortions of specific odors that may co-occur with anosmia, loss of smell of other odors. Little is known about which odors frequently trigger parosmia, and measures of parosmia severity are lacking. Here, we present an approach to understand and diagnose parosmia that is based on semantic propertie...

Decision-making is a crucial task for autonomous driving. Taking the wrong decision might cause a cartographical accident. Decision-making implies planning the appropriate behavior based on the current state of the vehicle and its environment. The paper aims to review the current state of the art of Behavior Planning for autonomous driving. A basic...

(1) Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of prototype handheld ultrasound compared to automated breast ultrasound, according to the fifth edition of BI-RADS categorization, among females with positive lumps. (2) Methods: A total of 1004 lesions in 162 participants who underwent both prototype handheld ultrasound and automated breast ul...

The effect of natural aging on physiologic mechanisms that regulate attentional set-shifting represents an area of high interest in the study of cognitive function. In visual discrimination learning, reward contingency changes in categorization tasks impact individual performance, which is constrained by attention-shifting costs. Perseveration (PE)...

Recent years have witnessed a growing number of researches on community characterization. In contrast to the large body of researches on the categorical measures (rise or decline) for evaluating the community development, we propose to estimate the community development strength (to which degree the rise or decline is). More specifically, given alr...

This paper conducts an explorative study to examine the evolution of Multinational Corporation (MNC) subunit roles based on the characteristics of its competence creating (CC) activities. The study focuses on the heterogeneity of firm-specific evolutionary paths in the patterns of knowledge accumulation that support competence creating (CC) activit...

Flash floods, produced by heavy seasonal rainfall and characterized by high speeds and destructive power, are among the most devastating natural phenomena and are capable of causing great destruction in very little time. In the absence of hydrological data, morphometric characterization can provide important information on preventive measures again...

As a result of recent advancements in technology, a variety of new computational fields have emerged. Some examples of these fields are machine learning and intelligence, information science, the internet of things, and others. The advancement of humanity will be greatly aided by these fields. The development of Artificial Intelligence led to the c...

The human face has been culturally modified for at least 150,000 years using practices like painting, tattooing and scarification to convey symbolic meanings and individual identity. The present study used functional magnetic resonance imaging to explore the brain networks involved in attributing social status from face decorations. Results showed...

Currently, neighborhood linear discriminant analysis (nLDA) exploits reverse nearest neighbors (RNN) to avoid the assumption of linear discriminant analysis (LDA) that all samples from the same class should be independently and identically distributed (i.i.d.). nLDA performs well when a dataset contains multimodal classes. However, in complex patte...

The nature of data that is being produced on a daily basis is vast and most amount of this data is in unstructured format. Hence, it is necessary to organize this data into different categories such that meaningful knowledge can be derived from such large volumes of data. The proposed methodology consists of a feature selection component and then u...

This research intends to propose a new unique and automated speech emotion reorganization model by going through. Initially, the obtained raw speech data is filtered using Butterworth filter and then the signals are segmented into frames. In addition, using the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), the Spectrogram feature is recovered from the frames...

The two widely used dichotomies of floor/ceiling and centralization/decentralization often fail to capture the full interactions of rights in multilevel constitutional systems such as the EU or the US. This article offers a comprehensive yet straightforward classification linking rights to the division of power between the center and component stat...

Haptic devices transmit information to the user, using tactile stimuli to augment or replace sensory input. People with limited sensory abilities, such as vision or hearing can receive supplementary information by relying on them. This review analyses recent developments in haptic devices for deaf and hard-of-hearing individuals by extracting the m...

This chapter searches for connections between the spiritual values of Slovak culture and the Slovak concept of the soul (duša) as it appears in phraseological units, in an attempt to identify the concept’s axiological position in the Slovak linguistic worldview. The aim of the text is to present duša as it is manifested in Slovak phraseology. This...

Emotion categories configure the basic semantic knowledge of the human cognitive structure. Previous studies with people with Williams syndrome (WS) investigated their ability to process basic emotions and the dimensions of emotional valences. However, little is known about the categorization of emotions from the subordinate perspective of lexical...

Short food supply chains (SFSCs) are one of the most direct approaches to more directly connecting consumers with producers. The scaling-up of SFSCs is often challenged by critical issues which can be overcome with identification of the most sustainable, replicable schemes. This paper presents the results of a participatory analysis conducted withi...

Purpose Blockchain (BC) is a technological innovation that emphasizes the opposite paradigm compared to the available technology. This paradigm enables changing the firm’s business models (BMs) and has been elaborated by many experts. However, the discussion is scattered in various sources, particularly academic journals. This study aims to investi...