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Caregiving - Science topic

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I am excited to share a research project three years in the making, that I've worked intimately on with my collaborators.
Our project is a Multi-University collaboration (Northern Arizona University, the University of Hawaii at Manoa, the University of Utah, and the University of Nevada at Reno), which is currently recruiting participants for a study to explore the perspectives and experiences of the following groups:
- (Previous or Current) Professionals certified with the BACB - Autistic adults (Dx or Self-Dx Welcome) - (Previous or Current) Parents and caregivers of individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) …in relation to applied behavior analysis (ABA) service delivery.
You are invited to participate in this study if you are over the age of 18 and identify as any of the previous three groups. Select which survey best describes you at: https://linktr.ee/abaexperiences
The principal investigator in this research project is my colleague Dr. Natalie Badgett, Ph.D., BCBA-D from the Department of Special Education at the University of Utah. If you have any questions regarding the survey, please contact Dr. Badgett at natalie.badgett@utah.edu.
Responses via the comment section will be responded to when possible. Shares of this survey are much appreciated, as we want to hear from as much of the community as possible!
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Very wonderful
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what caregiving styles there are and their quality, associating it with the impact of care in pediatric cancer, that is, in children.
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Hello Malcolm Nobre, thank you so much! You were really so kind, the articles are definitely helpful. I am writing a dissertation on cargevinig in pediatric oncology.
I wish you a good continuation of your work and I hope your research will give you and science a lot of satisfaction.
Elena Sentieri
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How to calculate a sample size for three-way ANOVA?
I am looking at the relationships among 1) demographics, 2) Strategies, 3) Typologies and 4) Consequences (Positive/Negative).
The following are my IVs and DVs.
IV:
1) Demographics (8-item)
2) Strategies (6-item)
3) Typologies (4-item)
DV:
1) Consequences (2-item)
Q1) How to determine the degree of freedom?
I knew the formular is df=N-1. But I get stuck as I am not sure whether I should included all demographics ("Age, gender, marital status, employment status, highest education level, relationship with the care recipient, duration of caregiving and frequency of caregiving") into the calculation? Which makes it:
- Whether (8-1)*(6-1)*(4-1) = 105.
Q2) How many groups there?
Should that be 8*6*4 = 192?
With a=0.05, power=0.80, Then I plug in the df(105) and No. of group (192) into the formular with the system G Power, i got 726.
Seems like the sample size will be so big for a dissertation. So I would need your help and feedback. Thank you very much!
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You can check any reference on this topic. Try it on Google, it will give you some references. Regards
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My research paper will be focusing on The Impact of Caregiving Burden and Coping Strategies on Burnout Among Informal Caregivers.
Therefore, I am planning to use Two-way ANOVA and Multiple Regression to study the interaction between these variables:
IV: Caregiving Burden, Coping Strategies
DV: Informal Caregiver Burnout
Would greatly appreciate it if advice is given on whether I am on the right track, or to suggest any other suitable models. Thank you for your time.
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Thank you Suraj Kapoor for answering my question!
It allowed me to understand deeper about the context of my study, as I found out that it is preferred to examine relationships with subscale scores as continuous variables and outcomes. Investigators often dichotomize results into burnout – non-burnout but there is no accepted standard definition.
Also, I gained more understanding of logistic regression!
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Hi,
I am using a secondary dataset for a project and using path analysis (SEM) to test a model based on a theoretical framework. As the dataset does not have clear validated scales for each construct that I am trying to include, I have to combine different items from the survey to create a composite score for each construct I am interested.
My main concern is related to the weighing of items on composite scores that I am creating based on the available data from a secondary dataset I am using for the project. For example, to measure objective caregiver burden, I am planning on including items that ask about the care recipient's cognitive functioning and ADL/IADL support and caregiving activity rate. However, given the different number of items and scales that measure each aspect of burden (cognitive functioning 19 items, 30 points, MMSE; ADL/IADL support 7 items vs. 10 items, 0-2 points each; caregiving activity rate 4 items, 0-5 points each tapping at different frequencies), it does seem appropriate to just create a total sum and/or mean score for the composite as it can end up weighing the variables that have more items more heavily than those with fewer items. Is there a way to create a meaningful composite score considering these differences??? Any possible and feasible solution???
Thank you so much!!!
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I will echo the comment that the SEM software should in the measurement model phase of the analysis handle the different scaling issues. It would also inform you of the appropriateness of creating a latent construct pooling across concepts as disparate as ADL and IADL, etc. In perfect candor I suspect that pooling these into a single composite will not be statistically justified.
If you are planning to avoid the measurement model phase of the analysis and move directly to the path analysis/structural equation portion of the analysis, then one way that you can avoid the implicit weighting implied by the different scale ranges is to convert all of the measures by dividing by the theoretical upper limit, thereby creating measures that all range from 0-1 with fractional values representing the mid-points of the scale. This will eliminate the implicit weighting.
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I found the Cohen-Mansfield scale, but it is for weekly use. I'm looking for the same type of rating scale or grid that can be used evey day by home caregivers, so it has to be easy to fill. Thank you for your help!
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Rating Scale for Aggressive Behaviour in the Elderly (RAGE)
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I would like to know if there are models regarding PAC. Thank you so much!
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Virginia Henderson's theory is also positive (although my favorite is logotherapy) :
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I am looking for thought leaders and researchers who specialize in the area of Alzheimer’s sufferer caregivers and caregiving with particular emphasis on how digital tech is being used to facilitate care of sufferer and resilience of the caregiver.
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Craig, check this out....
The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry
Volume 27, Issue 4, April 2019, Pages 426-445
Technology-Based Interventions for Informal Caregivers of Patients With Dementia—A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Author links open overlay panelFriederikeDeekenM.Sc.aMichael A.RappM.D., Ph.D.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jagp.2018.12.003
Objective
The aim of this study was to estimate the efficacy of technology-based interventions for informal caregivers of people with dementia (PWD).
Methods
PubMed, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Library databases were searched in August 2018, with no restrictions in language or publication date. Two independent reviewers identified 33 eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) conducting a technology-based intervention for informal carers of PWD. Meta-analyses for the outcome measures caregiver depression and caregiver burden were conducted with subgroup analyses according to mode of delivery (telephone, computer/web-based, combined interventions). To assess methodologic quality, the Cochrane risk-of-bias assessment was rated.
Results
Meta-analyses revealed a small but significant postintervention effect of technology-based interventions for caregiver depression and caregiver burden. Combined interventions showed the strongest effects.
Conclusion
Technology-based interventions have the potential to support informal caregivers of PWD. Because of advantages such as high flexibility and availability, technology-based interventions provide a promising alternative compared with “traditional services,” e.g., those for people living in rural areas. More high-quality RCTs for specific caregiver groups are needed.
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Attachment theory proposes that there are several behavioral systems, sometimes called motivational systems. Attachment is one of those systems. I have also seen other systems described, such as caregiving, exploration, power, etc. What I am looking for is a source that lists all of those systems.
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The exploratory system is in Bowlby's original books.
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In looking at the states where individuals with IDD have been transitioned to managed long term services and support, has anyone looked at the impact on caregiving? With the movement of these individuals to managed Medicaid for health services, has anyone looked at the impact on caregiving?
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Medicaid Managed Care? This is a new topic for me. I did not know there was this type of payor source. The type of managed care that I am used to is with the Medicare Part A patients. Instead of having traditional Medicare Part A, elders will sign up for a managed care service. Some of the elders are enrolled in United Health Care and the Skilled Nursing MDS assessments are different as in there are no 5d, 14d, 30 day assessments. Soon, in 2019, when PDPM goes into effect, the payment aspect is going to be a lot different than what we have now.
Someone mentioned Provider Burden, CMS is providing quite a bit of this with the new regulations coming out to take effect October 1, 2018, in long-term care.
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Im doing my research entitle Impact of Intellectual Abilitiea and Personality with Academic Achievement of STEM Grade 12 Caregiving Track: Basis for GEMS (Guide in Educating and Mentoring Nursing Students)
The stat advised me to use chi square instead of pearson R?
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I agree completely with Avishag.  If both of your variables are categorical, then a chi-square would be more appropriate.  However, both personality and academic achievement are more typically measured as continuous variables, so it’s unclear if chi-square would be best for you.  What are your variables and are they categorical?  Vasulu also makes a good point about another difference between correlation and chi-square.  If your variables are continuous but don’t meet the assumptions of a parametric test, you would probably want to conduct a Spearman rank-order correlation.  Best wishes with your project, Maria! ~ Kevin
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I am working on a doctoral disseration associated with nurses' perceptions of supportive care needs of partners of breast cancer survivors 
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I'm a student, I'm looking for "Caregiving Scenario Questionnaire",  can you help me?
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Hello Cristina,
An Italian version of the CSQ was used in this article I would suggest you contact the authors.
Good luck, Rachel.
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I want to know the name of the questionnaire i can use to measure caregiving experiences with infants . 
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The one I see used the most often is the Baby Care Questionnaire.  I have attached an article that specifically discusses the instrument.
  Note - If you search on "caregiver" instead of "infant care" or "baby care," you will find a huge number of questionnaires that measure the experiences of adults taking care of other adults.
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I would like to research the efficacy of psychological distancing as a tool that may assist family care-givers to cope with long-term care of a relative with dementia. As part of this study I would like to address the expectations of family care-giving in the context of traditional family values and culture and hypothesise that Australian cultural bias towards family caregiver roles may increase care-giver burden. 
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There is some great feedback here.  I am Jan Vinita White, PhD, a gerontologist.  My only suggestion is to reframe the research question, as it is biased.  Some informal caregivers are not family members but fictive kin, significant others, and friends.  The inclusion of "burden" is also biased.  Consider this:
"What is the impact of psychological distancing upon informal caregivers of dementia patients?"  
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Dear all, 
I attended to the SRCD congress last week.
Some colleagues told me that the Caregiving Helplessness Questionnaire was used in your studies in a more recent version.
Could you send me this version and do you know if a French version is already validated?
Many thanks in advance for your answer,
Best
Marie Stiévenart
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Dear Marie,
The Screen for Caregiver Burden has been translated into numerous languages. It has also been used in a European study of caregivers married to persons with Alzheimer's disease in which the persons with AD were randomized to two conditions where one received a cognitive medication and the other did not. The caregivers and their AD spouses were blind to treatment. On post-test, the caregivers whose spouse received the treatment showed declines in burden relative to the caregivers whose spouses did not receive the treatment.
I know there is a French version.
Bon chance!
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I am looking for a concise review of published literature - or relevant papers/reports - particularly any recent (i.e. last 6 years) results - on health care utilization (formal or informal), social networks (e.g.Prof Lisa Berkman's approach to constructing social networks) and ageing and older adult populations.  See for example: Berkman L, Sekher TV, Capistrant B, Zheng Y. “Social networks, family, and care giving among older adults in India”.  In: Smith JP, Majmundar M (eds.). Aging in Asia: Findings from New and Emerging Data Initiatives. Committee on Population, Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 2012.
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You might also want to look at these:
Bowling, A., Farquhar, M., & Browne, P. (1991). Use of services in old-age: Data from 3 surveys of elderly people. Social Science & Medicine, 33,689–700
Litwin, H. (2004). Social networks, ethnicity and public homecare utilisation. Ageing and Society, 24, 921–939
Best,
Eva
PS: sorry, I just reread your questions - these are no reviews, and not recent ...
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I am working with a Japanese colleague to review literature regarding measurements and validation of scales used to measure caregiver burden. We are about done with the Japanese literature, but are going through the English literature. It is hard to determine if there is any particular scales that are preferred or how one might categorize the different scales. I haven't dealt much with these tools in the past and would appreciate the input from the community.
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Thank you everyone for your help. There were four main issues that I was interested in, and it appears from the literature that I have seen, no one study/measure attends to all four. They are: 1) examining particular characteristics that set informal caregivers apart from formal caregivers 2) examining both positive and negative aspects of caregiving (and any interaction) 3) examining cultural variables that support coping 4) examining the particulars of the caregivers of PWD.
My work is qualitative/ethnographic/phenomenological, so having these reviews is really helpful to fill in some gaps in my knowledge (the 2014 Ageing Research Reviews article by ven der Lee et al. is very good. thank you Canan!).
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Parenting styles aside, love has many dimensions and the concept of self often impacted by acceptance from others, conditional or otherwise. Has anyone designed a measure or know of any studies?
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Thank you Theodoros. Much appreciated.