Science topic

Carbon Sequestration - Science topic

Carbon Sequestration is an any of several processes for the permanent or long-term artificial or natural capture or removal and storage of carbon dioxide and other forms of carbon, through biological, chemical or physical processes, in a manner that prevents it from being released into the atmosphere.
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I’m interested in understanding the methods used to estimate carbon sequestration in mangrove ecosystems. Specifically, I would like to know:
  1. What are the most effective techniques or models currently used for measuring carbon storage in mangrove forests?
  2. Are there specific factors or variables that significantly influence carbon sequestration rates in these ecosystems?
Dear Researcher, kindly share your research and knowledge.
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Mangroves are critical ecosystems in Florida, especially when considering the impact of hurricanes. These coastal forests, found predominantly along the southern coastlines, play a vital role in the region’s ecology and its defense against extreme weather events like hurricanes. Here are some key points about the importance of mangroves in Florida in relation to hurricanes:
1. Natural Storm Barriers:
Mangroves act as natural barriers against storm surges and high winds associated with hurricanes. The dense root systems and above-ground structures of mangroves help dissipate wave energy and reduce the speed of water movement during storm surges. This means that coastal areas with healthy mangrove ecosystems experience less severe flooding and erosion during hurricanes.
2. Protection of Coastal Communities:
Florida’s coastal communities are particularly vulnerable to hurricanes, and mangroves provide significant protection by stabilizing shorelines. By reducing the intensity of storm surges and limiting coastal erosion, mangroves help prevent loss of property and infrastructure damage, protecting both lives and livelihoods in vulnerable areas.
3. Sediment Trapping and Shoreline Stabilization:
Mangroves trap sediments in their roots, which helps in building and stabilizing shorelines. This is crucial after a hurricane, as the storm surge can wash away land, making coastal erosion a significant concern. The ability of mangroves to trap sediments mitigates this erosion and supports coastal resilience.
4. Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services:
Mangroves provide habitat for a wide range of species, including fish, birds, and invertebrates. After hurricanes, many species depend on mangrove ecosystems to recover, as they offer shelter, food, and breeding grounds. The health of fisheries, an important part of Florida’s economy, is often tied to the health of mangrove ecosystems.
5. Carbon Sequestration and Climate Regulation:
Mangroves are highly effective at sequestering carbon, meaning they can absorb and store large amounts of CO2. By helping mitigate the effects of climate change, they indirectly reduce the frequency and intensity of hurricanes, which are predicted to increase due to global warming.
6. Post-Hurricane Recovery:
Mangroves are resilient ecosystems that can recover from hurricanes. Even though they may experience significant damage during a storm, they can regenerate and continue providing protective services in the future. Their resilience makes them an essential part of Florida’s long-term strategy for coastal protection and disaster recovery.
You can kindly read the attached article for your reference
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What is the role of agro-forestry and plantation on climate change mitigation and carbon sequestration in India and trees are used for agro-forestry in India?
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Respected sir,
Role of Agroforestry and Plantation in Climate Change Mitigation:
  1. Carbon Sequestration: Trees absorb CO2, helping to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions.
  2. Biodiversity Enhancement: Increases habitat diversity, supporting resilience against climate change.
  3. Soil Health Improvement: Enhances soil organic matter, reducing erosion and improving water retention.
  4. Microclimate Regulation: Trees provide shade and reduce temperature extremes, benefiting crops and livestock.
Trees Used for Agroforestry in India:
  1. Leucaena leucocephala: High-protein fodder.
  2. Azadirachta indica (Neem): Pest resistance and medicinal properties.
  3. Prosopis cineraria: Drought-resistant and provides shade.
  4. Bamboo species: Fast-growing, versatile for construction and fodder.
  5. Moringa oleifera: Nutrient-rich leaves for both livestock and human consumption.
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Dear Sir/Madam,
I hope you all are well. I would like to share the details of my recent emergy calculations related to carbon sequestration for the Grassland ecosystem and request your feedback on the approach. Below are the steps I've followed:
1. Initial Calculation for Carbon Sequestration per Square Meter:
Raw data of carbon sequestration = 20 g/m²/yr.
Unit emergy value (UEV) = 5 sej/g.
Carbon Sequestration = Raw Data × UEV = 20 g/m²/yr × 5 sej/g = 100 sej/m²/yr.
2. Scaling to the Area of Grassland in Anhui Province:
Area of grassland = 50 m².
Total Carbon Sequestration = Carbon Sequestration per m² × Area of Grassland = 100 sej/m²/yr × 50 m² = 5000 sej/yr.
3. Finding the Carbon Sequestration Value for Each City (e.g., City A):
Area of City A = 2 m².
Carbon Sequestration for City A = Total Carbon Sequestration / Area of City A = 5000 sej/yr / 2 m² = 2500 sej/m²/yr.
Based on these calculations, the carbon sequestration for City A is 2500 sej/m²/yr. I would appreciate it if you could review this methodology and confirm whether the approach and calculations seem accurate, or if any adjustments are necessary.
Thank you in advance for your time and insights. I look forward to your feedback.
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Thanks for your valuable feedback.
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Can carbon capture help solve global warming and role of biochar in carbon sequestration and greenhouse gas mitigation?
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Removing excess carbon dioxide from the atmosphere could go a long way towards slowing global warming. Emissions from burning fossil fuels and agricultural production have pumped Earth's atmosphere full of carbon dioxide (CO2), warming the planet to dangerous levels. Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is a technology that could help mitigate climate change by removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) says that CCS is necessary to limit future temperature increases to 1.5°C (2.7°F). CCS involves capturing carbon dioxide from large sources, such as power plants, chemical plants, and cement kilns, and storing it in geological formations.
CCS has been operating safely for over 45 years, and as of 2022, there were 194 large-scale CCS facilities worldwide. However, some critics say that CCS projects have increased emissions overall. The effectiveness of CCS depends on several factors, including capture efficiency, the amount of energy used, and technical issues. For example, retrofitting existing power plants with CCS can limit emissions, but it can also require 60–180% more energy than a plant without CCS. If that energy comes from fossil fuels, it could be counterproductive.
Other forms of carbon capture include:
· Using captured CO2
Captured carbon dioxide can be used in the production of fuels, building materials, and enhanced oil recovery. However, the climate implications of this are not clear and may require careful examination.
· Planting trees
Trees naturally absorb carbon dioxide and store it in their leaves, branches, and trunks.
Any agreement is likely to rely on ambitious measures to capture and remove carbon dioxide (CO2) - the main gas responsible for global warming. Techniques range from capturing CO2 before it is released at power stations and storing it deep underground, to using trees or machines to suck CO2 directly out of the air.
Biochar production is a technique through which carbon from certain biomasses is transformed into stable carbon that can be captured in the soil. In addition to this long-term carbon sequestration role, biochar is also beneficial to soil performance as it improves the retention and diffusion of water and nutrients. Biochar, a type of charcoal, can help mitigate climate change by sequestering carbon in soil and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Biochar is produced by burning or gasifying biomass in an oxygen-limited environment, which creates a solid, porous, carbon-rich material. The bio-oil and syngas are subsequently combusted to yield energy and CO2. This energy and the process heat are used to offset fossil carbon emissions, whereas the biochar stores carbon for a significantly longer period than would have occurred if the original biomass had been left to decay. When added to soil, biochar can:
· Improve soil performance: Retain water and nutrients, reduce nutrient leaching, and increase soil water content in coarse soils
· Reduce greenhouse gas emissions: Reduce emissions of nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4)
· Restore soil fertility: Increase soil aeration and agricultural productivity
Biochar can also be used for water retention in soil, as an additive for animal fodder, and in slash-and-char farming. However, applying biochar at excessive rates or with unsuitable combinations of soil type and biochar feedstock can have negative effects, such as harming soil biota, reducing available water content, and altering soil pH. Biochar is a highly stable form of carbon derived from pyrolysis of biomass at relatively low temperatures. Application of biochar into the soil has been reported to provide multiple benefits like increase in crop yield, nutrient and water use efficiency and several environmental benefits.
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What are the applications of biochar in environmental remediation and role of biochar in mitigation of climate change through carbon sequestration?
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The use of biochar could help remediate excessive atmospheric carbon which contributes to global warming
about half of source material can be used as renewable energy resource and the rest used as sil amendment especially suited to depleted ox sols and Ulti sols
biochar can remedy acid soil issues contributing buffering higher nutrient content and improve soil physical properties
finally, the spaces within biochar constitute habitat for soil microbes which are beneficial
Terra pretax can sequester up t 300,00 kg Carbon per ha which is 1,000,000kg per ha carbon dioxide
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Green House Gas Mitigation and Carnon Sequestration is very important when we consider Soil Micoflora? Let us try to find different answers which should be helpful for the researchers and friends in the same community working on Soil.... What are the mechanisms by which soil microflora contribute to soil carbon sequestration and greenhouse gas mitigation?
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@Paul Soil microflora contribute to soil carbon sequestration and greenhouse gas mitigation through:
- Decomposition of organic matter and humification, storing carbon in soil
- Production of glomalin, a soil protein that binds soil particles and protects carbon
- Stimulation of plant growth, increasing carbon inputs through roots and residues, and reducing atmospheric CO2 through photosynthesis.
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Good morning all,
Are you aware of equations (or a set of equations) that could be used to estimate the carbon sequestration rates in different marine habitats per unit area?
I understand the question is quite broad. In fact, I am looking at what data source would be need (and what is available in online platform such as Copernicus) and try to couple different factors together to get a very rough estimation.
Thank you very much.
Cheers,
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Estimate carbon sequestration rates by calculating carbon uptake by marine organisms and storage in sediments and water.
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Distinguish between the carbon sequestration potential of biochar and other negative emission technologies, like afforestation and carbon capture and storage (CCS), and evaluate their relative effectiveness and feasibility.
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Himanshu Tiwari Here's a distinction between the carbon sequestration potential of biochar and other negative emission technologies:
Biochar:
1. Long-term storage: Biochar can store carbon for centuries to millennia.
2. Soil-based: Biochar is applied to soils, enhancing fertility and structure.
3. Carbon sink: Biochar acts as a carbon sink, reducing atmospheric CO2.
4. Scalability: Biochar production can be scaled up or down depending on feedstock availability.
5. Co-benefits: Biochar improves soil health, increases crop yields, and reduces soil erosion.
Afforestation/Reforestation:
1. Short-term storage: Carbon is stored for decades to centuries.
2. Land-based: Requires large areas of land for planting trees.
3. Carbon sink: Trees absorb CO2 through photosynthesis.
4. Scalability: Limited by land availability and competition with agriculture.
5. Co-benefits: Enhances biodiversity, improves water cycles, and supports wildlife habitats.
Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS):
1. Short-term storage: Carbon is stored for decades to centuries.
2. Industrial-based: Captures CO2 from power plants and industrial processes.
3. Carbon sink: CO2 is injected into geological formations for storage.
4. Scalability: Limited by high costs, energy requirements, and infrastructure needs.
5. Co-benefits: Reduces emissions from industrial sources, supports clean energy transition.
Key differences:
1. Duration of carbon storage: Biochar offers longer-term storage than afforestation and CCS.
2. Land requirements: Afforestation requires large land areas, while biochar can be applied to existing soils.
3. Scalability: Biochar production can be scaled up or down, while CCS is limited by high costs and infrastructure needs.
4. Co-benefits: Biochar offers additional benefits like soil improvement and increased crop yields.
In summary, biochar offers a unique combination of long-term carbon storage, soil-based application, and co-benefits like improved soil health. While afforestation and CCS are important negative emission technologies, they have different characteristics and
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I'm looking to use the InVEST Carbon Sequestration Model for assessing carbon storage and sequestration potential in a specific region. To complete this, I need to prepare detailed carbon pool data. I have nearly completed the work but I’am stuck on how to create the carbon pool table. Could anyone provide a comprehensive guide on how to extract and create this data?
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You can check this article it will be helpful for your study
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What is the role of biochar in mitigation of climate change through carbon sequestration and biochar reduce greenhouse gas emissions?
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Dr Annabatula Sree Vidya thank you for your contribution to the discussion
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I know the use of these reforms in science, but what is the difference between them in terms of vocabulary and why can't they be used interchangeably?
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Both carbon fixation and sequestration are essential for managing carbon in the environment, they operate on different principles and timescales, contributing uniquely to the global carbon cycle.
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What are the applications of biochar in environmental remediation and role of biochar in mitigation of climate change through carbon sequestration?
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Dr Abdelhak Maghchiche and Dr Volker Kelm thank you for your contribution to the discussion
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What is the importance of biochar in climate change and role of biochar in soil nutrition and carbon sequestration?
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Dr Ghulam Mustafa Banbhan thank you for your contribution to the discussion
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What is the role of biochar in soil nutrition and carbon sequestration and climate change mitigated through carbon sequestration?
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Porosity and surface charge of biochar promote soil nutrient retention. Biochar reduces leaching and gaseous loss in soil, increasing nitrogen retention and phosphorus availability. It remediates heavy metals and other contaminants and simultaneously improving soil health and plant growth. It is a sustainable way of soil treatment and lessens the use of pesticides.
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Does biochar increase soil carbon and role of biochar on greenhouse gas emissions and carbon sequestration in soil opportunities for mitigating climate change?
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Dr Eric Zama thank you for your contribution to the discussion
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What are the application of biochar in environmental remediation and role of biochar in mitigation of climate change through carbon sequestration?
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Biochar is used in environmental cleanup by adsorbing pollutants like heavy metals and chemicals from soil and water. It also enhances soil fertility and water retention, which boosts plant growth and reduces fertilizer runoff. In terms of climate change, biochar sequesters carbon dioxide in the soil for hundreds to thousands of years, contributing to carbon neutrality and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Studies show it can significantly reduce emissions when used in agricultural practices globally.
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What are the ways of carbon sequestration in agriculture and difference between restorative and regenerative agriculture?
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Dr Himanshu Tiwri thank you for your contribution to the discussion
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How does zero tillage help in carbon sequestration and significance of conservation tillage in reducing carbon emissions?
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Zero tillage, a practice where soil is minimally disturbed for planting, can play a role in capturing carbon in the soil, also known as carbon sequestration. Here's how:
  • Reduced Decomposition: Tilling exposes soil organic carbon to oxygen, accelerating its decomposition and releasing carbon dioxide (CO2) into the atmosphere. Zero tillage minimizes this disturbance, allowing more carbon to remain stored in the soil.
  • Promotes Organic Matter Accumulation: By leaving crop residue on the surface, zero tillage fosters the growth of beneficial soil organisms. These organisms break down the residue and incorporate it into the soil, increasing soil organic carbon (SOC) levels.
However, the effectiveness of zero tillage for carbon sequestration can vary depending on factors like climate and crop type. Some studies suggest that significant SOC increase happens in warmer, wetter regions.
Conservation tillage, a broader category that includes zero tillage, also contributes to reducing carbon emissions in a couple of ways:
  • Lower Fossil Fuel Use: By minimizing soil preparation, conservation tillage practices like zero tillage require fewer passes with tractors and other farm machinery. This translates to a reduction in fossil fuel consumption and associated CO2 emissions.
  • Improved Soil Health: Conservation tillage practices can improve soil health by enhancing water infiltration and reducing erosion. Healthy soil acts as a better carbon sink, storing more carbon overall.
While zero tillage and conservation tillage offer benefits for carbon sequestration and emission reduction, it's important to acknowledge that research findings can be mixed. Some studies haven't shown a significant increase in total SOC stocks, but rather a slowing down of SOC loss compared to conventional tillage practices.
Overall, zero tillage and conservation tillage are valuable tools for sustainable agriculture that can contribute to mitigating climate change.
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What is carbon sequestration refers to the capture and storing of carbon by plants and soil and how do different types of land use affect carbon sequestration and emissions?
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Respected Sir
Carbon sequestration refers to the process by which carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere is absorbed by plants through photosynthesis and stored as carbon in biomass (such as in trees and plants) and soils. This process plays a crucial role in mitigating climate change by reducing the amount of CO2, a major greenhouse gas, in the atmosphere.
How Land Use Affects Carbon Sequestration and Emissions
Different types of land use can significantly affect the amount of carbon sequestered and emitted. Here are some common land use types and their impacts:
  1. Forests:High Sequestration: Forests are among the most effective land types for carbon sequestration. Trees and forest soils store large amounts of carbon. Deforestation Impact: Converting forests to other land uses, such as agriculture or urban areas, releases stored carbon back into the atmosphere, contributing to greenhouse gas emissions.
  2. Agricultural Land:Variable Sequestration: The impact on carbon sequestration depends on the type of agriculture and management practices. Some practices can enhance carbon storage, while others can lead to significant emissions. Conventional Tillage: Tilling the soil for crop production can release carbon stored in the soil into the atmosphere. Conservation Practices: Practices such as no-till farming, cover cropping, and agroforestry can increase carbon sequestration in soils.
  3. Grasslands and Rangelands:Moderate Sequestration: Grasslands can sequester a significant amount of carbon in their root systems and soil, although typically less than forests. Management Practices: Overgrazing can reduce carbon storage, while managed grazing and restoration of degraded grasslands can enhance it.
  4. Wetlands:High Sequestration: Wetlands are highly effective at sequestering carbon, particularly in their soils. They can store carbon for long periods because of anaerobic conditions that slow down decomposition. Drainage and Conversion: Converting wetlands to agricultural or urban uses can release large amounts of stored carbon.
  5. Urban Areas:Low Sequestration: Urbanization typically reduces the land’s ability to sequester carbon due to the loss of vegetation and soil sealing by buildings and roads. Green Spaces: Urban green spaces, such as parks and green roofs, can provide some carbon sequestration benefits.
  6. Peatlands:Very High Sequestration: Peatlands store large amounts of carbon in thick layers of peat. They are among the most carbon-dense ecosystems. Disturbance Impact: Draining or disturbing peatlands for agriculture, forestry, or other uses can release massive amounts of carbon.
Key Points on Enhancing Carbon Sequestration
  • Afforestation and Reforestation: Planting trees in deforested areas (reforestation) or in new areas (afforestation) can significantly enhance carbon sequestration.
  • Soil Management: Improving soil management practices in agriculture, such as reducing tillage, using cover crops, and applying organic amendments, can increase soil carbon storage.
  • Restoration: Restoring degraded ecosystems, such as wetlands, grasslands, and forests, can enhance their carbon sequestration potential.
  • Conservation: Protecting existing natural ecosystems from conversion and degradation is crucial for maintaining their carbon storage capacity.
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What are the key determinants of the future magnitude of marine and terrestrial carbon sinks and atmospheric change affect primary production of terrestrial ecosystems?
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Dr Himanshu Tiwari thank you for your contribution to the discussion
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Does carbon sequestration help climate change and difference between natural farming and regenerative agriculture?
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Dr Paul Reed Hepperly thank you for your contribution to the discussion
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Sampling of rangeland and agricultural lands will be done in loess deposits.
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you can select up soil profile 15 or 20cm according to different ecosystem considering the most root deepth.
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What is carbon sequestration and carbon credits and how can farmers implement regenerative agriculture practices to promote soil health and carbon sequestration?
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Respected Sir, Rk Naresh
Carbon sequestration is the process of capturing and storing carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere to mitigate climate change. This can be achieved through various methods, including afforestation, reforestation, soil carbon sequestration, and carbon capture and storage technologies.
Carbon credits are tradable permits that represent the reduction or removal of greenhouse gas emissions, typically measured in metric tons of CO2 equivalent. They can be bought and sold on carbon markets to offset emissions from activities such as energy production, transportation, and agriculture.
Farmers can implement regenerative agriculture practices to promote soil health and carbon sequestration in several ways:
· No-Till Farming: Minimizing soil disturbance by avoiding tillage helps preserve soil structure and organic matter, reducing carbon loss through erosion and decomposition.
· Cover Cropping: Planting cover crops during fallow periods provides living roots in the soil year-round, which enhances soil organic matter and microbial activity, leading to increased carbon sequestration.
· Crop Rotation: Rotating crops diversifies root systems and improves soil health, contributing to greater carbon storage in the soil.
· Agroforestry: Introducing trees and woody perennials into agricultural landscapes enhances carbon sequestration in both aboveground biomass and soil organic matter.
· Compost and Organic Amendments: Applying compost and other organic amendments increases soil fertility and carbon content, promoting carbon sequestration and improving soil structure.
· Managed Grazing: Rotational grazing practices optimize forage utilization and promote plant growth, which can enhance carbon sequestration in grassland soils.
By adopting these regenerative agriculture practices, farmers can improve soil health, increase agricultural productivity, and contribute to climate change mitigation by sequestering carbon in the soil. Additionally, they may be eligible to generate carbon credits through verified carbon offset projects, providing an additional source of income while promoting sustainable land management practices.
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What is soil carbon sequestration through regenerative agriculture and difference between carbon farming and carbon sequestration?
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Respected Sir, Soil carbon sequestration through regenerative agriculture involves practices that enhance the capture and storage of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the soil. This is achieved by increasing organic matter inputs, promoting soil health, and reducing soil disturbance, leading to improved soil structure and microbial activity. Regenerative agriculture techniques include no-till farming, cover cropping, crop rotation, agroforestry, and the use of compost and organic amendments. Carbon farming, on the other hand, refers to agricultural practices specifically designed to mitigate climate change by sequestering carbon in vegetation and soils. While carbon farming encompasses various approaches, including regenerative agriculture, it also includes practices such as afforestation (planting trees on agricultural land), reforestation, and the restoration of degraded ecosystems. In summary, soil carbon sequestration through regenerative agriculture is a subset of carbon farming, focusing specifically on enhancing carbon storage in agricultural soils through sustainable farming practices. Carbon farming, meanwhile, encompasses a broader range of techniques aimed at sequestering carbon in both vegetation and soils across various land use types.
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Dear ResearchGate Community,
I am conducting an analysis to compare the carbon sequestration potential of applying 1 ton of fresh organic residues directly to soil versus the application of 1 ton of the same residues after composting (meaning we would apply a lower amount: maybe 0.3-0.6 t of compost).
My objective is to quantitatively assess the differences in carbon sequestration efficiency, accounting for carbon loss through mineralization during decomposition or composting, and the long-term stability of carbon in the soil.
How do these two approaches—using an identical starting quantity of organic material—affect the net carbon balance in agricultural soils? What are the expected differences in carbon stabilization, mineralization rates, and overall carbon sequestration efficiency between fresh and composted inputs?
Additionally, how might factors such as the type of organic residues, soil properties, and environmental conditions influence the outcomes?
I welcome any insights, empirical data, or research findings that could illuminate the comparative effectiveness of these soil amendment practices.
Best regards,
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The different carbon fractions of the soil amended with fresh residues showed significantly higher mineralized rates than with same quantity of compost because the higher amounts of humic substances and fulvic and humic acids that serves to support plant life.
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Carbon Sequestration to Mitigate Climate Change?
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Mary C R Wilson - Yes, you correctly identified Paul Ekins as the author of the book that I suggested. Glad that it might be useful--and perhaps we could recruit puffins to help us implement the recommendations.
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carbon pool vs carbon sink?
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A carbon pool is a reservoir that stores carbon, like the atmosphere or oceans. A carbon sink, on the other hand, actively removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, such as forests through photosynthesis. So, while a pool stores carbon, a sink helps mitigate climate change by absorbing and storing carbon.
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Carbon Sequestration and Mitigation ?
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Carbon sequestration is the process of capturing and storing carbon dioxide to mitigate its impact on climate change. This can be done through natural processes like afforestation or using technologies like direct air capture. It helps reduce the overall carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere.
Artificial carbon sequestration involves using technologies to capture and store carbon dioxide from industrial processes or directly from the atmosphere. Methods include carbon capture and storage (CCS) in power plants or industrial facilities, and direct air capture (DAC) technologies. These aim to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and mitigate climate change by preventing the release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.
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What is the importance of productivity in ecosystem and how can farmers implement regenerative agriculture to promote soil health and carbon sequestration?
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Dr Henrri Uzcategui thank you for your contribution to the discussion
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What are the positive effects of carbon sequestration in maintaining soil health?
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Carbon sequestration is the process which increases the carbon stock of the soil. This carbon comes from different sources i.e. soil, air, leaf litter, deadwood and living biomass which enriches the soil. Due to this the bulk density of the soil decrease and the porosity increases which directly or indirectly benefitted the soil.
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How to calculate the carbon sequestration potential of soil? What are the parameters that are needed?
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Estimating the carbon sequestration potential of soil involves assessing the changes in soil organic carbon (SOC) content over a specific period. Here's a way to calculate the carbon sequestration potential of soils:
  • Initial SOC Measurement: Measure the initial soil organic carbon content. This involves taking soil samples from the area of interest at the start of the assessment period. Analyze the soil samples to quantify the amount of organic carbon present. Carbon content is typically measured as a percentage of the soil's weight.
  • Final SOC Measurement: Repeat soil sampling at the end of the assessment period. Collect samples from the same locations as the initial samples. Analyze the final soil samples in the laboratory to determine the soil organic carbon content.
  • Calculate Change in SOC: Subtract the initial SOC content from the final SOC content to calculate the change in soil organic carbon over the assessment period. Change in SOC = Final SOC - Initial SOC
  • Adjust for Bulk Density: Soil bulk density can affect the accuracy of carbon sequestration calculations. Adjust the change in SOC based on changes in soil bulk density, if applicable. Adjusted Change in SOC = Change in SOC / Bulk Density Factor
  • Conversion to Carbon: Convert the change in organic carbon from a percentage to a weight basis if needed. Since carbon (SOC) has approximately 58% carbon by weight, you can use this conversion factor. Carbon Change = Adjusted Change in SOC * 0.58
  • Calculate Carbon Sequestration Rate: Determine the time period over which the carbon sequestration occurred (e.g., per year). Calculate the carbon sequestration rate by dividing the carbon change by the number of years. Carbon Sequestration Rate = Carbon Change / Number of Years
  • Scale Up for Area of Interest: If you want to estimate the carbon sequestration potential for a larger area, multiply the carbon sequestration rate by the total Area of Interest (TAI). Total Carbon Sequestration = Carbon Sequestration Rate * TAI
It is important to note that factors such as land management practices, climate, and soil type do influence soil carbon dynamics. Therefore, accurate and representative soil sampling, along with proper data analysis, are crucial for obtaining reliable estimates of the carbon sequestration potential. Consulting soil scientists or experts in carbon accounting for the TAI can enhance the accuracy of calculations.
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Why soil carbon is important to ecosystem productivity and what is the role regenerative agriculture can play in carbon sequestration?
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Dr Gummadala Kasirao thank you for your contribution to the discussion
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How do you think climate change might affect soil carbon sequestration and role of crop residues in improving soil fertility?
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Some soils have lost as much as 20 to 80 tons C/ha, mostly emitted into the atmosphere. Severe depletion of the SOC pool degrades soil quality, reduces biomass productivity, and adversely impacts water quality, and the depletion may be exacerbated by projected global warming. Especially in colder climates where decomposition is slow, soils can store or “sequester” this carbon for a very long time. If not for soil, this carbon would return to the atmosphere as carbon dioxide (CO2), the main greenhouse gas causing climate change. Carbon sequestration secures carbon dioxide to prevent it from entering the Earth's atmosphere. The idea is to stabilize carbon in solid and dissolved forms so that it doesn't cause the atmosphere to warm. Increasing soil carbon is accomplished in various ways, including: (1) reducing soil disturbance by switching to low-till or no-till practices or planting perennial crops; (2) changing planting schedules or rotations, such as by planting cover crops or double crops instead of leaving fields fallow; (3) managed grazing. Crop residue mulches improve soil aeration by promoting free exchange of gases between soil and atmosphere. This is facilitated by increased soil structural stability, total porosity and macro porosity, decreased surface crusting, which all contribute to improved overall soil drainage. The increased soil temperature at the time of residue burning not only kills the soil microbes but also depletes soil organic carbon level which is vital for keeping soil living.Crop residue incorporation into the soil also increases infiltration rate, saturated hydraulic conductivity and regulation of soil temperature. Soil organic carbon content and aggregate stability also found increased because of crop residue incorporation. Whether grown as pulses for grain, as green manure, as pastures or as the tree components of agro-forestry systems, a key value of leguminous crops lies in their ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen, which helps reduce the use of commercial nitrogen fertilizer and enhances soil fertility. Changes in precipitation: Both droughts and increased rainfall can affect soil carbon sequestration. Droughts can limit plant growth and reduce the amount of carbon entering the soil. Heavy rainfall can lead to soil erosion, causing the loss of valuable carbon-rich topsoil. Carbon sequestration secures carbon dioxide to prevent it from entering the Earth's atmosphere. The idea is to stabilize carbon in solid and dissolved forms so that it doesn't cause the atmosphere to warm.
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What is increasing carbon sequestration and conservation and which crops are best for carbon sequestration in India?
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Carbon sequestration is the process of capturing and storing atmospheric carbon dioxide. It is one method of reducing the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere with the goal of reducing global climate change. The USGS is conducting assessments on two major types of carbon sequestration: geologic and biologic. Carbon Conservation's (CC) mission is to save large areas of threatened tropical forests using carbon finance with speed and integrity. CC is an established global leader in Avoided Deforestation (AD) voluntary carbon credit creation and financing. Carbon removal occurs after the emitted carbon has already entered our atmosphere. Carbon sequestration is the storage of removed or captured carbon in various environmental reservoirs. Both are tools in our sustainability toolbox that can be used to reduce carbon emissions and mitigate climate change. Crops like lentils, chickpeas, and beans fix atmospheric nitrogen into the soil, enhancing soil organic matter and carbon sequestration. Millets: Millets like bajra and jowar have lower water requirements and higher carbon sequestration potential compared to some traditional rice varieties. Woody perennial crops such as fruits and nuts are powerful sequesterers of carbon, with most rated medium to very high. Bamboos sequester carbon at high to extremely high rates. Coppiced woody plants have low to very high rates. Soil carbon stocks in woody biomass systems are large at an estimated 140 tons/ha. The Teak Tree, which has the highest carbon sequestration capacity of trees in India. The Yellow Poplar, which can grow under rough conditions. The Silver Maple has a very high absorption capability. The live oak is the most efficient carbon capturing tree, it being able to sequester some 10,994 CO2 equivalents over its lifetime. Ranking second is the East Palatka holly, with a lifelong carbon fixation of 7,321 CO2 equivalents. CCS projects typically target 90 percent efficiency, meaning that 90 percent of the carbon dioxide from the power plant will be captured and stored.
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What promotes carbon sequestration in soils and role of cropping system for improving carbon sequestration?
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Soil carbon sequestration is a process in which CO2 is removed from the atmosphere and stored in the soil carbon pool. This process is primarily mediated by plants through photosynthesis, with carbon stored in the form of SOC. On average, forests store twice as much carbon as they emit, while an estimated 25% of global carbon emissions are sequestered alongside forests in other vegetative forms, such as grasslands or rangelands. “Cover crops” like clover, beans and peas, planted after the main crop is harvested, help soils take in carbon year-round, and can be plowed under the ground as “green manure” that adds more carbon to the soil. Farmers can also do less intensive tilling. Forests sequester or store carbon mainly in trees and soil. During the process of photosynthesis trees pull carbon out of the atmosphere to make sugar, but they also release carbon dioxide back into the atmosphere through decomposition. Carbon and other gases within forests are captured and released on a cycle. To optimize the efficiency of C sequestration in agriculture, cropping systems, such as crop rotation, intercropping, cover cropping, etc., play a critical role by influencing optimal yield, total increased C sequestered with biomass, and that remained in the soil. Carbon is sequestered in soil by plants through photosynthesis and can be stored as soil organic carbon (SOC). Agro ecosystems can degrade and deplete the SOC levels but this carbon deficit opens up the opportunity to store carbon through new land management practices. Soil can also store carbon as carbonates. Using higher residue cover crops and rotations, such as oats and hay, creates larger volumes of plant biomass and stores more carbon in the soil. And less soil disturbance means less erosion. Cover crops are an important soil carbon sequestration strategy. The roots and shoots of cover crops feed bacteria, fungi, earthworms and other soil organisms, which increases soil carbon levels over time.
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I am a Msc student and my thesis is framed on developing a CNN-based approach to predict soil carbon hotspots using remote sensing data. Soil carbon hotspots are areas where the concentration of organic carbon in the soil is unusually high. These hotspots are important because they play a critical role in the global carbon cycle, helping to regulate the Earth's climate. This research will focus on developing a CNN-based approach to predict soil carbon hotspots, which can be used to identify areas that are particularly important for soil carbon sequestration. I am writing passionately for assistance which will help me assess the dataset which has a combination of remote and satellite dataset to aid me use it in my thesis. Thank you for your time and consideration
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I can't answer the question and would pose another. What is the quality of soil C signals in the source data?
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How do soil organisms and soil properties influence carbon sequestration and how can this knowledge be used to mitigate climate change and component of soil organic matter?
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Decomposition of biomass by soil microbes results in carbon loss as CO2 from the soil due to microbial respiration, while a small proportion of the original carbon is retained in the soil through the formation of humus, a product that often gives carbon-rich soils their characteristic dark color. Microbes, such as bacteria and fungi, are the primary drivers of carbon storage in soil, surpassing other soil processes by a factor of four. The storage of carbon from plant biomass in soil organic matter is a key sequestration pathway in agriculture. Stable soil organic matter can last for hundreds to thousands of years and is largely composed of carbon. For carbon to be sequestered in soil, it has to be protected from microbial degradation. Carbon is sequestered in soil by plants through photosynthesis and can be stored as soil organic carbon (SOC). Agroecosystems can degrade and deplete the SOC levels but this carbon deficit opens up the opportunity to store carbon through new land management practices. Soil can also store carbon as carbonate. Changing our main energy sources to clean and renewable energy is the best way to stop using fossil fuels. These include technologies like solar, wind, wave, tidal and geothermal power. Switch to sustainable transport. Petrol and diesel vehicles, planes and ships use fossil fuels. Technologies that we use to address climate change are known as climate technologies. Climate technologies that help us reduce greenhouse gas emissions include renewable energies such as wind energy, solar power and hydropower. The goal of mitigation is to avoid significant human interference with Earth's climate, “stabilize greenhouse gas levels in a timeframe sufficient to allow ecosystems to adapt naturally to climate change, ensure that food production is not threatened, and to enable economic development to proceed in a sustainable manner. Soil carbon sequestration protects soil health, enhances water quality, and supports more resilient and sustainable agricultural systems by lowering erosion and nutrient loss. This can assist to lessen the effects of climate change while enhancing the long-term health and productivity of ecosystems. The degradation of one third of the world's soils has released up to 78 Gt of carbon into the atmosphere. Further damage to soil carbon stocks through poor land management will hamper efforts to limit global temperature rise, to avoid increased floods, droughts and other negative climate change impacts.
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Does carbon sequestration improve air quality and crop residue affect soil chemical properties?
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Hey there Rk Naresh! Absolutely, let me break it down for you Rk Naresh. Carbon sequestration is like nature's vacuum cleaner for the air. It involves capturing and storing carbon dioxide to prevent it from entering the atmosphere. Now, does it improve air quality? You Rk Naresh bet! By reducing the amount of CO2 in the air, it contributes to cleaner and healthier air for us to breathe.
Now, onto crop residue. It's a bit of a mixed bag. On one hand, crop residue can enrich the soil by adding organic matter, which is fantastic for soil structure and fertility. On the other hand, it can impact soil chemical properties depending on the type and amount of residue. If not managed properly, it might mess with nutrient levels or acidity.
So, in a nutshell, carbon sequestration is an air quality superhero, while crop residue's impact on soil chemistry depends on how it's handled.
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Does temperature affect carbon sequestration and role of carbon sequestration in improving soil health in climate resilient agriculture?
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Yes, temperature does have a complex and nuanced effect on carbon sequestration, and this in turn impacts the role of carbon sequestration in improving soil health in climate-resilient agriculture. Here's a breakdown:
Temperature's effects on carbon sequestration:
  • Increased release from soil: Warmer temperatures accelerate the decomposition of organic matter in soil, leading to the release of carbon dioxide back into the atmosphere. This can potentially hinder carbon sequestration efforts.
  • Enhanced plant growth: However, higher temperatures can also stimulate plant growth and photosynthesis, which in turn increases carbon capture from the atmosphere. This could potentially offset the release from soil and even drive additional sequestration.
  • Soil type matters: The impact of temperature on carbon sequestration depends heavily on soil type. Fine-textured soils with higher clay content tend to stabilize organic matter better, making them more resilient to temperature changes and better at holding onto carbon. In contrast, coarse-textured soils are more vulnerable to losing carbon as temperatures rise.
  • Moisture plays a role: Soil moisture levels also interact with temperature to affect carbon sequestration. Dry soils, especially in warmer climates, decompose organic matter faster, while moist soils offer a more favorable environment for carbon storage.
Role of carbon sequestration in improving soil health:
  • Enhanced fertility: Increased organic matter content in soil, a result of successful carbon sequestration, improves soil fertility by providing nutrients for plants and supporting beneficial microbial activity.
  • Improved water holding capacity: Organic matter acts like a sponge, holding onto water and making it available to plants during dry periods, increasing resilience to drought.
  • Reduced erosion: Soil with abundant organic matter is less susceptible to erosion, protecting both soil health and surrounding ecosystems.
  • Greater pest resistance: Healthy soil with diverse microbial communities can better resist and suppress plant diseases and pests.
Climate-resilient agriculture and carbon sequestration:
  • Promoting practices like cover cropping, no-till farming, and compost application can increase organic matter content and foster carbon sequestration in soil.
  • Choosing plants adapted to warmer climates and drought conditions can help maintain productivity and carbon capture even in changing environments.
  • Restoring degraded lands and planting trees can significantly boost carbon sequestration potential.
In conclusion, temperature presents a challenge for carbon sequestration, but by adopting climate-resilient agricultural practices and managing soil effectively, we can mitigate its negative impact and reap the numerous benefits of healthy soil enriched with carbon. Remember, the specific relationship between temperature and carbon sequestration will vary depending on soil type, moisture levels, and the chosen agricultural practices.
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I hope this message finds you well. I am currently conducting a literature review on the topic of olive carbon sequestration and carbon credits. As part of my research, I am seeking relevant papers or studies that focus on this specific area.
If you have conducted research or are aware of any publications addressing olive carbon stock sequestration and its implications for carbon credits, I would greatly appreciate it if you could share the relevant references or direct me to key resources.
Thank you in advance for your assistance, and I look forward to benefiting from your expertise.
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check the work of the mathematician jorge melquisedek on facebook
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This question essentially seeks information about the best methods for capturing and storing carbon in terrestrial ecosystems to mitigate climate change. It asks for an understanding of the most effective strategies without delving into specific measurement or monitoring details.
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The biggest project today is the 50 billion trees being planted by 24 countries, under the "Middle East Green Initiative". Saudi Arabia has set aside 200 million hectares to replant, and calculate that when planted will remove 2.5% of the world's CO2 production each year. The Saudi planting is progressing at the rate of one million trees per week. Another member is planting at five million trees per week. See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QO8PcbxOu0Y
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How can I use an allometric equation to calculate the carbon sequestration of a forest using Remote sensing data?
1. If each species requires its own unique allometric equation.
2.How can an allometric equation for carbon sequestration be developed?(from data collected in the field or via remote sensing).
3. Can we use the allometric equation from the journal directly?
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I believe in calculating forest carbon sequestration with allometric equations and remote sensing data, we can perform the following steps:
1- Ideally, use species-specific allometric equations for accurate results.
2- Develop these equations through field data or remote sensing by measuring tree attributes and biomass.
3- we can also use allometric equations from published sources, but ensure they are appropriate for our specific forest or tree species, and be prepared to adapt them if needed.
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A tree-based land use system is well known for carbon credit generation. Agroforestry and Bamboo-based plantations are the other avenues for carbon credit. However, the core agriculture crops also contribute to carbon sequestration for a shorter span of time. Now in the present scenario, what are the possibilities to generate carbon credits through agricultural crops?
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Repeated cropping is unlikely to produce any substantial benefits because the C inputs are largely rapidly metabolised
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Describe the potential synergies and trade-offs between carbon sequestration and crop productivity in long-term no-till systems, and how these trade-offs may impact global food security.
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The additional SOC storage potential in the topsoil of global croplands ranges from 29 to 65 Pg C. These values only equate to three to seven years of global emissions, potentially offsetting 35% of agriculture's 85 Pg historical carbon debt estimate due to conversion from natural ecosystems. The total C sequestration potential of the world cropland is about 0.75–1.0 Pg/yr or about 50% of annual emission of 1.6–1.8 Pg by deforestation and other agricultural activities. The global potential of SOC sequestration through these practices is 0.9±0.3 Pg C/year, which may offset one-fourth to one-third of the annual increase in atmospheric CO2 estimated at 3.3 Pg C/year. The cumulative potential of soil C sequestration over 25–50 years is 30–60 Pg. Average sequestration potential in agroforestry in India has been estimated to be 25 Mg C ha−1 over 96 million ha. Carbon sequestration was 2.5 Mg C ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹ over the 22-yr lifespan for the tagasaste treatments, with a change of 0.9 Mg C ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹ in SOC and 1.6 Mg C ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹ in biomass. 'No-till' (NT) agriculture, which eliminates nearly all physical disturbance of the soil surface on croplands, has been widely promoted as a means of soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration with the potential to mitigate climate change. A direct seedling mulch-based cropping system increases soil organic matter, as a result of increased carbon inputs and decreased soil disturbance. Mulch can increase soil organic matter (SOM) and carbon sequestration in the top 0–5 cm soil depth. Agroforestry practices can help mitigate emissions and store carbon in both soils and trees. Not only does agroforestry provide above-ground benefits in the field but it also provides crucial below-ground benefits.
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Explain the mechanisms by which no-till agriculture enhances carbon sequestration in soils and reduces emissions of nitrous oxide, methane, and carbon dioxide, respectively.
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Zero-tillage, an agricultural practice that minimizes soil disturbance, can increase soil aggregation and may preserve and/or accumulate SOC which is critical to meet global targets for soil carbon sequestration. 'No-till' (NT) agriculture, which eliminates nearly all physical disturbance of the soil surface on croplands, has been widely promoted as a means of soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration with the potential to mitigate climate change. Soil carbon sequestration potential depends on the level of aggregation. It has been hypothesized that zero-tillage increases not only the proportion of macro aggregates but also the quantity of micro aggregates formed within macro aggregates. Increasing soil carbon is accomplished in various ways, including: (1) reducing soil disturbance by switching to low-till or no-till practices or planting perennial crops; (2) changing planting schedules or rotations, such as by planting cover crops or double crops instead of leaving fields fallow; (3) managed grazing. Nitrous oxide can result from various agricultural soil management activities, such as application of synthetic and organic fertilizers and other cropping practices, the management of manure, or burning of agricultural residues. CO2 accounts for about 76 percent of total greenhouse gas emissions. Methane, primarily from agriculture, contributes 16 percent of greenhouse gas emissions and nitrous oxide, mostly from industry and agriculture, contributes 6 percent to global emissions. Soil carbon sequestration means adopting practices most often in the agricultural sector that increase the amount of carbon stored in soils. Agricultural management practices might include: increasing plant growth or cover and adding compost or mulch. Use minimum tillage for cropping. This minimizes organic matter breakdown and the release of nitrous oxide and nitrogen gas. Prevent water logging. Under waterlogged conditions, nitrate can be denitrified by soil bacteria to form nitrous oxide and nitrogen gas. Conservation tillage is expected to have a positive effect on soil physical properties, soil Carbon (C) storage, while reducing fuel, labour and machinery costs. However, reduced tillage could increase soil nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions and offset the expected gains from increased C sequestration. However, the use of tillage can stimulate loss of soil organic carbon (C) to the atmosphere as carbon dioxide (CO2). Losses of CO2 may depend upon the degree of soil disturbance. The loss of soil carbon can reduce soil productivity, increase the need for fertilizer inputs, and reduce farm profits.
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In precise terms, define the concept of "carbon sequestration" in soils and elucidate its role in mitigating global climate change, along with the potential trade-offs it presents to food security ?
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No trade offs in food security, in fact the tree planting that India and 24 countries have started with the "Middle East Green Initiative" will actually increase the amount of farmlands, that can be created when replanting arid areas that formerly had grassland-savannah like the THAR desert.
A more important impact of the tree planting, will be the increase of rainfall, especially if the local "rain trees" are replanted that create the "Cloud forests" where rainclouds are formed from the Pseudomonas bacteria living on the host plant leaves. Read https://www.discovermagazine.com/planet-earth/does-rain-come-from-life-in-the-clouds
India is about to start replanting millions to billions of trees, to sequester carbon, according to what was said at the COP27 meeting a year ago by your Minister of the Environment, Forest and Climate Change.
That is a very important issue that scientists in India need to discover, which are India's "rain trees", so more can be planted to help extend the monsoonal moisture during the rainy season further east.
India has the perfect Cloud forests to study, in the Western Ghats, which produce new rain clouds all of the time, but they are wasted as they fly westward over water--instead need to be planted on the eastern side of the Thar to produce rain clouds to rain on that region and regreen it again.
You can read my 2002 proposal at https://www.ecoseeds.com/cool.html which the Saudi government adopted in 2010 to set aside 200 million hectares as Ecological Restoration Preserves, and they are started to replant at the rate of one million trees per week, until 10 billion are planted.
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Emphasizing the potential for carbon-rich soils to act as a vital component of climate change mitigation strategies while also sustaining agricultural productivity?
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Green house emissions are methane and carbon di oxide. Carbon sequestration is the trapping of carbon present in air or soil or ocean. By reducing the carbon di oxide gas in the air we can protect our atmosphere against global warming. Soil carbon seqestration can be possible by culturing alga
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What are the implications for long-term soil health?
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In enhancing carbon sequestration in agricultural soils, bio compost outperforms chemical fertilizers significantly. Bio compost, derived from organic materials, enriches soil by adding organic matter, supporting microbial activity, and improving soil structure. These factors enhance the soil's carbon storage capacity. In contrast, chemical fertilizers, while providing essential nutrients, lack the ability to contribute substantially to carbon sequestration. They do not add organic matter to the soil, disrupt microbial balance, and can lead to soil acidification, hampering carbon storage. Thus, adopting sustainable practices like incorporating bio compost and reducing reliance on chemical fertilizers is crucial for effective carbon sequestration in agricultural soils.
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Compare the environmental benefits of using waste compost versus synthetic fertilizers in the rice-wheat cropping system, focusing on carbon sequestration.
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At least 98% of our food supply comes from the soil. Soil sequestration of Carbon and Nitrogen from the air to the soil is a way of combatting Anthropogenic Global Warming.
The history of cultivation has led to a loss of well over half of soil organic matter and in many cases up to 90% loss. This loss depletes the water and air capacity of the soil.
Systematic focus on soil organic matter can not only address AGW but can work to improve the quality and quantity of food stuff avaiable.
Soil organic matter can adsorb several times its weight in water and it opens space in soils so roots are healthier and can better thrive in the soil environment. The well provided organic soil improves soil percolation, soil water retention and its delivery to the plant.
In terms of carbon sequestration composting reduces the volume and stabilizes the product to enhance it retention in the soil over alonger periods. Stubble wastes can be combined with animal waste to improve the process and give useful by products.
The inclusion of straw waste for mushroon culture can marked increase profit potential which serve as win win resolution to issues which are confronted.
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What is carbon sequestration and how it is affect the climate
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Managing global warming, also referred to as climate change mitigation, involves implementing strategies and taking actions to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions that contribute to the Earth's rising temperatures.
Here are some key approaches to managing global warming:
  1. Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions:Transition to Clean Energy: Shift away from fossil fuels (coal, oil, natural gas) and towards cleaner and renewable energy sources like solar, wind, and hydropower. Energy Efficiency: Improve energy efficiency in transportation, buildings, and industrial processes to reduce energy consumption and emissions. Carbon Pricing: Implement policies like carbon taxes or cap-and-trade systems to incentivize businesses and individuals to reduce their carbon emissions.
  2. Conservation and Sustainable Practices:Protect Forests: Preserve and sustainably manage forests, which act as carbon sinks by absorbing and storing carbon dioxide (CO2). Sustainable Agriculture: Promote sustainable farming practices that reduce emissions from agriculture and promote carbon sequestration in soils. Protect Wetlands: Preserve wetlands, as they store significant amounts of carbon and provide important ecosystem services.
  3. Transportation and Mobility:Shift to Electric Vehicles: Promote the adoption of electric and hybrid vehicles to reduce emissions from the transportation sector. Public Transportation: Improve public transportation systems to reduce the number of private vehicles on the road. Active Transportation: Encourage walking and cycling as eco-friendly modes of transportation.
  4. Industrial and Technological Innovation:Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS): Develop and deploy technologies for capturing CO2 emissions from industrial processes and power plants and storing them underground. Carbon Removal Technologies: Invest in research and development of carbon removal technologies, such as direct air capture and enhanced weathering.
  5. International Cooperation:Global Agreements: Collaborate at the international level through agreements like the Paris Agreement to set emissions reduction targets and share best practices. Financial Support: Provide financial assistance to developing countries to help them reduce emissions and adapt to climate change.
Carbon Sequestration refers to the process of capturing and storing carbon, primarily in the form of CO2, from the atmosphere or other sources to prevent it from being released into the atmosphere. It can be a valuable tool in mitigating global warming because it reduces the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, helping to limit temperature rise. Here are some key aspects of carbon sequestration:
  1. Natural Carbon Sequestration:Forests and Vegetation: Trees and plants absorb CO2 during photosynthesis and store carbon in their biomass and soils. Soil Sequestration: Proper land management practices can enhance carbon storage in agricultural soils.
  2. Artificial Carbon Sequestration:Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS): Industrial facilities and power plants can capture CO2 emissions before they are released into the atmosphere and store them underground in geological formations.
  3. Ocean Carbon Sequestration: The oceans also act as a carbon sink, absorbing CO2 from the atmosphere. However, this can lead to ocean acidification, which has adverse effects on marine ecosystems.
While carbon sequestration can help reduce atmospheric CO2 levels, it is not a sole solution to global warming. Effective climate mitigation also requires significant efforts to reduce emissions at their source and transition to cleaner and more sustainable practices. Additionally, the long-term effectiveness and environmental impacts of various carbon sequestration techniques need to be carefully studied and managed to ensure they are a part of a comprehensive climate strategy.
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Discuss how this interaction influences carbon sequestration potential, nutrient cycling, and overall soil health within the rice-wheat cropping system?
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The interplay between water-stable aggregates, conservation tillage, and residual retention significantly influences soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics in agricultural systems. These factors are interconnected and can either enhance or hinder the preservation and accumulation of SOC. Let's analyze this intricate relationship:
1. Water-Stable Aggregates:Water-stable aggregates are critical for protecting SOC. These aggregates create stable microenvironments where organic matter is physically and chemically protected from decomposition. Microbial communities within aggregates play a crucial role in SOC dynamics, as they are responsible for decomposing organic materials, releasing nutrients, and contributing to the formation of stable organic compounds.
2. Conservation Tillage:Conservation tillage refers to practices that minimize soil disturbance, such as reduced tillage or no-till. Conservation tillage can have significant effects on water-stable aggregates and SOC dynamics:
  • Aggregates Formation: Reduced soil disturbance under conservation tillage preserves existing aggregates and encourages the formation of new aggregates over time. This contributes to the stability of SOC and reduces its vulnerability to decomposition.
  • Microbial Activity: Conservation tillage can influence microbial communities within aggregates. Reduced disturbance can foster microbial diversity and activity, which enhances organic matter decomposition and the incorporation of carbon into aggregates.
  • Water Infiltration: Conservation tillage improves water infiltration and reduces erosion. Adequate water availability enhances microbial activity, contributing to organic matter breakdown and nutrient cycling, both of which affect SOC dynamics.
3. Residual Retention:Residual retention involves leaving crop residues (such as stems, leaves, and roots) on the field after harvest. Residues contribute to SOC dynamics in the following ways:
  • Carbon Input: Residues contain carbon that enters the soil as organic matter. Microbes break down these residues, contributing to SOC accumulation. Residual retention increases the availability of carbon for soil microbes, promoting SOC stabilization.
  • Aggregates Binding: Crop residues can act as "glue" to bind soil particles together into stable aggregates. This enhances aggregate formation and protects SOC by reducing soil erosion and increasing aggregate stability.
Interplay and Synergies:
The interplay between water-stable aggregates, conservation tillage, and residual retention leads to synergistic effects that enhance SOC dynamics:
  • Aggregate Protection: Water-stable aggregates fostered by conservation tillage and residue retention provide physical protection to SOC, reducing its exposure to decomposition agents.
  • Microbial Communities: The combination of conservation tillage and residue retention creates favorable conditions for diverse and active microbial communities. These microbes break down residues and contribute to the formation of stable organic compounds, enhancing SOC retention.
  • Nutrient Cycling: Improved SOC dynamics in conservation tillage systems and under residue retention contribute to efficient nutrient cycling, fostering sustainable agricultural practices.
  • Climate Resilience: Enhanced SOC storage resulting from these practices can contribute to climate resilience by reducing carbon emissions and enhancing soil quality.
In conclusion, the intricate interplay between water-stable aggregates, conservation tillage, and residual retention has a profound impact on soil organic carbon dynamics. These practices collectively enhance carbon preservation, microbial activity, and nutrient cycling, contributing to sustainable and productive agricultural systems while mitigating the impacts of climate change.
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What methodologies should I use to evaluate the carbon sequestration of semi-arid grasslands? And should I take the above-ground biomass of grass in its only optimum growth stage or also have to take it in its developing stage, which would be more appropriate? Experts, please help me in solving, and please do suggest related papers and articles.
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Evaluating the economic valuation of carbon sequestration in grasslands as an ecosystem service involves estimating the monetary value of the carbon stored in the grassland ecosystem. This valuation is essential for understanding the contribution of grasslands to climate change mitigation and for making informed decisions regarding land management and conservation efforts.
Here are the steps to evaluate the economic valuation of carbon sequestration in grasslands:
  1. Calculate Carbon Sequestration: Estimate the amount of carbon sequestered in the grassland ecosystem. This can be done through field measurements, remote sensing, or using established carbon sequestration rates for similar grassland ecosystems. The measurement should consider both above-ground biomass (e.g., grasses) and below-ground carbon storage (roots and soil organic carbon).
  2. Determine the Carbon Price: Identify the current market or social cost of carbon. Carbon pricing can vary based on regional policies, carbon trading schemes, or social cost calculations that assign a price to a ton of CO2 equivalent. This cost represents the damage caused by releasing one ton of CO2 into the atmosphere.
  3. Assess Carbon Sequestration Rate Over Time: Consider the rate at which carbon is sequestered in the grassland ecosystem over a specific time period (e.g., annually). This allows for the estimation of the net carbon sequestration value.
  4. Discount Rate: Apply a discount rate to account for the time value of money. Since future carbon sequestration benefits are less valuable than present ones, discounting helps convert future benefits into present value terms.
  5. Calculate Economic Value: Multiply the carbon sequestration rate over time by the carbon price and adjust for the discount rate. This calculation will provide the economic value of the carbon sequestered by the grassland ecosystem as an ecosystem service.
  6. Consider Co-benefits: Grasslands provide other ecosystem services beyond carbon sequestration, such as biodiversity conservation, water filtration, and soil erosion prevention. These co-benefits should be considered when evaluating the overall economic value of grasslands.
  7. Sensitivity Analysis: Perform sensitivity analysis to evaluate the impact of uncertainties in data or assumptions on the economic valuation results. This helps to understand the robustness of the valuation and identify key drivers of the economic value.
  8. Communicate Results: Clearly communicate the economic valuation results to policymakers, land managers, and stakeholders. Demonstrate the economic significance of preserving and restoring grassland ecosystems for carbon sequestration and other ecosystem services.
It's important to note that economic valuation of ecosystem services, including carbon sequestration, is complex and may have limitations. However, by following these steps and using the best available data and methodologies, the economic valuation can provide valuable information for informed decision-making and the integration of ecosystem services into land-use planning and conservation strategies.
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1. The grain and crop yield may be called carbon sequestration?
2. If yes, what is the conversion factor i.e. one kg of grain/straw sequestrated how much GHG i.e. CO2 equivalent.
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No, grain and crop yield cannot be directly equated to carbon sequestration. While there may be some relation between crop productivity and carbon sequestration, they are distinct concepts with different meanings.
  1. Grain and Crop Yield: Grain and crop yield refer to the amount of agricultural produce, such as grains, fruits, or vegetables, obtained from a specific area of land over a given period. It is a measure of agricultural productivity and is typically expressed in terms of weight or volume per unit area (e.g., bushels per acre or tons per hectare). High crop yields are desirable in agriculture as they indicate efficient use of resources and higher food production.
  2. Carbon Sequestration: Carbon sequestration, on the other hand, refers to the process of capturing and storing carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere and locking it away in long-term storage, usually in plants, soil, or geological formations. It is an essential component of efforts to mitigate climate change because it helps reduce the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.
Plants, including crops, play a role in carbon sequestration. Through photosynthesis, plants absorb CO2 from the atmosphere and convert it into organic carbon, which is stored in their tissues, roots, and in the soil as organic matter. This process helps to reduce the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere and offset greenhouse gas emissions.
While crop growth can contribute to carbon sequestration through the absorption of CO2 during photosynthesis, the term "carbon sequestration" is typically used in a broader context to refer to actions and strategies that deliberately enhance carbon storage in forests, soils, wetlands, and other natural or engineered systems.
In summary, crop yield refers to the amount of agricultural produce obtained from a specific area, while carbon sequestration is the process of capturing and storing carbon dioxide to mitigate climate change. While crop growth can contribute to carbon sequestration to some extent, the concept of carbon sequestration encompasses a broader range of activities and mechanisms beyond just crop yields.
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How to calculate carbon sequestration levels of forest in an area? Can anyone help with methodology, case studies or references? Thank you.
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Martin Jančovič Thank you so much.
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One potential solution to mitigate climate change is to enhance carbon sequestration by using crops that can absorb significant amounts of carbon from the atmosphere. Kenaf is a fast-growing plant identified as having the potential to sequester carbon and reduce GHG emissions.
how can we measure the capacity of kenaf for carbon sequestration and estimate the amount of CO2 ?
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@ Rishad, the atomic weight of Carbon is 12 and the atomic weight of Oxygen is 16 . The weight of CO2 in Kenaf is determined by the ratio of CO2 to C is 44/12 = 3.67. Therefore, to determine the weight of carbon dioxide sequestered in the Kenaf, multiply the weight of carbon in the Kenaf by 3.67.
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Hi everyone,
I wanna more information about crops' carbon sequestration, how does it work? and their effect on the environment?...
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'Carbon Sequestration' is the capacity of carbon dioxide assimilation by plants. The potential of each plant is different depending upon many factors. Generally, it is estimated that 1 m3 of biomass Sequesters 0.26 tons of Carbon ; 24 m3 of biomass ( one Hectare) Sequesters 6.24 tons of Carbon; 465 million hectare (11.16 billion m3 biomass) Sequesters 2.9 billion tons of carbon.
One has to assess the biomass of the crop and the nature of leaf pattern (Chlorophyll) while assessing carbon sequestration potential.
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How does conservation tillage affect soil carbon sequestration and importance of soil temperature in crops?
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Conventional tillage is converted to conservation tillage, both CO2 emission from soil and N-uptake by crops are reduced. Reduction in CO2 emission from soils enhances soil organic carbon (SOC) content, but reduction in N-uptake decreases residue production and hence, organic C storage in soils. Conservation tillage improves soil aggregate stability that enhances nutrient retention and reduces soil erosion thereby contributing to soil fertility and mediates air permeability, water infiltration, and nutrient cycling. Soil temperature is often a significant factor, especially in agriculture and land treatment of organic wastes, because growth of biological systems is closely controlled by soil temperature. In addition, soil temperature influences the physical, chemical, and microbiological processes that take place in soil. Tillage system intensity plays a significant role in determining soil organic matter by affecting both soil disturbance and surface residue. Soil aeration oxidizes soil organic matter causing carbon loss as carbon dioxide. These include a decrease in carbon dioxide and greenhouse gas emissions, less reliance on farm machinery and equipment, and an overall reduction in fuel and labor costs. In addition, conservation tillage methods have been shown to improve soil health, reduce runoff, and limit the extent of erosion.
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I am going to calculate the carbon sequestration potential of some trees in arid and semi-arid regions using trunk diameter and tree height. Is there a way to calculate carbon sequestration potential without destroying trees?
What is the most suited reliable method?
Selected trees include apple, walnut, elm and almond.
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How does zero tillage help in carbon sequestration and can we increase carbon sequestration in agriculture?
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Conservation tillage incorporates a range of residue management and no till or reduced tillage practices. Conservation tillage practices have been shown to promote SOC sequestration, most notably, in the shallow surface soil. Tillage can cause the loss of significant amounts of carbon immediately after tillage. The exposure of soil organic carbon to aeration during soil erosion increases CO2 emissions. In addition, soil erosion can cause carbon to accumulate with soil sediments and be removed from the soil carbon pool.Zero-tillage, an agricultural practice that minimizes soil disturbance, can increase soil aggregation and may preserve and/or accumulate SOC which is critical to meet global targets for soil carbon sequestration. Adopting no-tillage in agro-ecosystems has been widely recommended as a means of enhancing carbon (C) sequestration in soils. Managing soils for abundant soil microorganisms by providing sufficient and diverse plant inputs and by reducing tillage can vastly improve the capacity of soils to sequester carbon. Increasing soil carbon is accomplished in various ways, including: reducing soil disturbance by switching to low-till or no-till practices or planting perennial crops; changing planting schedules or rotations, such as by planting cover crops or double crops instead of leaving fields fallow.
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What’s difference between carbon farming & carbon sequestration & role of C A in carbon sequestration & is carbon farming carbon sequestration?
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Carbon farming refers to land management activities aimed at storing carbon in trees and soils, or avoiding the release of carbon through better management of fire, livestock, and fertilizer use. As crops photosynthesize to produce their food, they remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and create the oxygen we need to breathe. Through this chemical process, carbon is sequestered in the soil. Carbon sequestration is the process of capturing and storing atmospheric carbon dioxide. It is one method of reducing the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere with the goal of reducing global climate change. Carbon farming is the deliberate set of agricultural practices or land uses to increase carbon stored in the soil and vegetation and to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from livestock, soil or vegetation. Carbon farming is a system of agricultural management that helps the land store more carbon and reduces the amount of greenhouse gases that it releases into the atmosphere. Carbon farming (also known as carbon sequestration) is a system of agricultural management that helps the land store more carbon and reduces the amount of greenhouse gases that it releases into the atmosphere. Carbon storage is the total amount of carbon contained in a forest or a part of the forest. Carbon sequestration is the process of removing carbon from the atmosphere and storing it in another form that cannot immediately be released, like wood. It is the rate of uptake of carbon from the atmosphere.Using higher residue cover crops and rotations, such as oats and hay, creates larger volumes of plant biomass and stores more carbon in the soil.
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Can no tillage stimulate carbon sequestration in agricultural soils and tillage affect carbon sequestration?
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Adopting no-tillage in agro-ecosystems has been widely recommended as a means of enhancing carbon (C) sequestration in soils. Minimum tillage did indeed increase carbon sequestration at the surface (0–10 cm), but reduced it at greater depths (10–30 cm). By analyzing changes in carbon stores over time, the researchers showed that reduced tillage leads to phases of carbon capture and release that depend on climate conditions. Conservation tillage include a decrease in carbon dioxide and greenhouse gas emissions, less reliance on farm machinery and equipment, and an overall reduction in fuel and labor costs. In addition, conservation tillage methods have been shown to improve soil health, reduce runoff, and limit the extent of erosion. Out of these factors, latitude, water availability, plant age and species, nutrients, temperature, and atmospheric gases highly influence the carbon sequestration rate. The benefits of conservation tillage are reducing soil erosion, conserving soil moisture, avoiding fluctuations of soil temperature in the arable soil depth, and reducing the costs of soil preparation.
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How can we reduce the carbon footprint of agriculture and promote carbon sequestration in soil?
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Reducing the carbon footprint can be achieved using the Internet of things where you can employee a set of sensor which are distributed over various spots and when the carbon value read by a sensor reach a specific level then a message is sent to the caretakers in order to treat this problem.
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I want to estimate a total carbon sequestered by mangrove plantation. so kindly provide me the latest and standard methodology for the same.
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@ Rohitkumar, better you estimate the carbon content in your mangrove tree. Then determine the weight of carbon dioxide sequestered by multiplying with 3.67 as the weight of CO2 in trees is determined by the ratio of CO2 to C is 44/12 = 3.67.
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Forestry, Agro-Forestry, Agronomy, Soil Science
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Hi dear researchers, thank you for pointing out the important issue of tree planting in carbon sequestration. According to my knowledge and my job at betterSoil company, non-governmental companies are doing projects of tree planting. For example, one of the principles at betterSoil company is agroforestry. BetterSoil itself could plant 650 trees since 2019 in Iran and is going to have more plans in this case in the framework of agroforestry. You may visit the website of betterSoil initiative to get more information: www.bettersoil.info
You may also find more information about its project of tree planting under:
Best, Elaheh
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What are the available standard equations for estimating soil carbon sequestration?
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@ Sarath, the attached file may be useful to you.
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Is there any way to calculate Blue Carbon Sequestration using GIS? I have already mapping Landuse changes between 1990 to 2022.
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Blue carbon sequestration in mangrove ecosystems can be calculated using ArcGIS by assessing the aboveground biomass of the mangrove forests, as well as the amount of carbon stored in the soils and sediments of the mangrove forests. This can be done by collecting high-resolution remote sensing data, such as LiDAR, to measure the canopy height of mangrove forests and calculate the aboveground biomass. Additionally, ground truthing can be used to identify and measure the carbon stored in the soils and sediments of mangrove forests, and this data can then be used to estimate the amount of carbon sequestered in the mangrove ecosystem.
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We want to model carbon sequestration in several domains using the INVEST model.
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Howdy,
Slope and height are important factors indeed, but a least as important is the orientation of a slope eg. the azimuth angle with respect to the South. A Northern oriented slope will have a different species composition and irradiation regime as opposed to a Southern oriented slope.
Also mind that absolute humidity will change with height, since it depends on temperature! At a certain height one reaches the condensation point and hence water vapor will turn into liquid water which can be taken up by roots and even epiphytes. Not to be neglected indeed in view of carbon sequestration!
Cheers,
Frank
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I am looking for a table where, for each habitat type (EUNIS, Corine land classes) there is an averaged amount of carbon retention per unit area. The region to analyze is Portugal, therefore an European-wide list would fit.
Anyone knows if these data are available?
Thanks in advance.
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I am working on the estimation and simulation of the carbon-sequestration potential of different agroforestry systems.
However, I am unable to download it from the official website. http://dataservices.efi.int/casfor/models.htm
Even after filling the form around 10-20 times.
So kindly share the CO2fix 3.2 model here in Zip form or send it to my email: prashantsharma927@gmail.com
Thanks in advance
Regards,
Prashant Sharma
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Kindly find the link provided below, the link is valid for 72hrs. http://dataservices.efi.int/casfor/CO2FIX/download/6ae38f6f6793c17a/setup_CO2Fix_V3.2.exe
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Seriously, REDD+ Strategy for forest carbon sequestration in India Himalayan region mark a new era for Himalayan ecological research by the pace of climate change? However, new suggestions by scientific research through multiple publication in IHR, Govt might boost the mitigation policies in the ground level? i think our community and politician aren’t convinced that a rapid climate crisis lies ahead
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Dear Anil Kumar,
Yes, I fully agree with you. Soil carbon sequestration is the adoption of land management practices that increase the amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the soil, stored as organic matter. Agricultural and forest management practices leading to increased soil carbon storage are counted among the best agricultural and forest management practices. The issue of increasing the scale of soil carbon sequestration is an important element both in restoring biodiverse forest ecosystems and in developing sustainable organic agriculture. The issue of increasing the scale of soil carbon sequestration to increase the amount of CO2 fixation in soil organic matter is an important factor in increasing soil fertility, counteracting soil aridity and is also an important factor in taking CO2 out of the atmosphere and therefore reducing the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere. It is therefore also an important factor in slowing down the rate of progressive global warming, adverse climate change and reducing the scale of future global climate catastrophe. It is therefore essential to continue research into the analysis of the determinants of soil carbon sequestration and to develop agro-technologies and forest management techniques that will increase the scale of soil carbon sequestration to maximise the fixation of CO2 from the atmosphere to organic matter.
Best regards,
Dariusz
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what is soil-based carbon sequestration? and how can I measure or estimate scientifically?
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You can consult this recent report under green India Mission
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Dear RG community members,
having in mind that I have really low rate of knowledge on carbon sequestration, I will need your help. My questaion is, which methodology and monitoring systems should be used for the calculation of carbon sequestration in wetlands?
Thank you,
regards from Croatia,
Zlatko
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Aquatic flora are to be collected and species wise biomass to be recorded and finally CHN analyser to be used
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I need to know which tree species can be beneficial to be planted close to date palm trees for better yield and soil improvement (with references).
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Thank you @Shuraik Kader for sharing this useful paper.
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What happens when soil is tilled and how does tillage affect soil carbon sequestration?
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Tillage can break up soil structure, speed the decomposition and loss of organic matter, increase the threat of erosion, destroy the habitat of helpful organisms and cause compaction. Each of these potential outcomes negatively impact soil quality.
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