CCA - Science topic

Brain-computer interface (BCI) is a modern way of human–machine interaction. With the use of electroencephalograph (EEG) data, this connection allows the human brain to directly operate or control other devices. A variety of studies have so far attempted to establish EEG-based BCI program to enhance the lifestyle of people with disabilities includi...

Background The treatment of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) continues to face numerous clinical challenges, including the prediction of sensitivity to immunotherapy and the development of preoperative diagnostic models. Methods In this study, we aimed to address these challenges by collecting bile samples from CCA patients for metabolomic and microbiomic...

We report the case of a 62-year-old male who presented with a gradually enlarging, pulsatile cervical mass four months after sustaining a penetrating neck injury. Imaging revealed a 28 × 20 mm pseudoaneurysm of the left common carotid artery (CCA), located 15 mm proximal to the bifurcation, without evidence of active bleeding. Given the lesion’s si...

Heart failure (HF) with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) is frequently associated with cognitive decline, including memory impairment. This study investigates the relationship between carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), a marker of subclinical atherosclerosis, and specific memory domains immediate, recall, and recognition in pat...

While extant literature demonstrates that healthcare providers’ stigmatizing attitudes negatively impact care for people who use drugs (PWUD) and people with HIV (PWH), limited research has explored how these stigmas are interrelated. This study examines the relationships between multiple dimensions of stigma—including cognitive, affective, and rol...

Bird strikes pose a significant threat to aviation safety, often resulting in loss of life, severe aircraft damage, and substantial financial costs. Existing bird strike prevention strategies primarily rely on avian radar systems that detect and track birds in real time. A major limitation of these systems is their inability to identify bird specie...

Background: Vitamin D is suggested as a supportive therapy to reduce the severity of COVID-19 due to its immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects. However, its effect on critical outcomes, such as ICU admissions and mortality, shows significant variation across randomized clinical trials and meta-analyses. Objectives: To summarize the influen...

Citation: Elgharib, A.; Trigo, M.d.M.; Moursy, M.M.; Soultan, A. Vegetation Analysis and Environmental Relationships of Qatar's Depression Habitat. Abstract: Despite Qatar's depressions being ecologically significant for biodiversity in arid desert regions, they remain poorly studied. This study aimed at assessing the floris-tic diversity of Qatar'...

Distributed broadcast encryption (DBE) is a specific kind of broadcast encryption (BE) where users independently generate their own public and private keys, and a sender can efficiently create a ciphertext for a subset of users by using the public keys of the subset users. Previously proposed DBE schemes have been proven in the adaptive chosen-plai...

In this researchwe report the reactivity of dimeric Cu2L2 (HL = 2‐{[[di(2‐pyridyl)methyl](methyl)amino]‐methyl}phenol) with KO2 in acetonitrile at −40 °C alone and in combination with 2‐phenylpropionaldehyde (2‐PPA) or cyclohexanecarboxaldehyde (CCA). The putative Cu2‐superoxide intermediate undergoes self‐oxidation at the ligand‐sites in the absen...

As Automated Driving Systems (ADS) technology advances, ensuring safety and public trust requires robust assurance frameworks, with safety cases emerging as a critical tool toward such a goal. This paper explores an approach to assess how a safety case is supported by its claims and evidence, toward establishing credibility for the overall case. St...

Climate change poses a significant threat to mental health, including the emergence of climate change anxiety (CCA). In this study, we examined whether exposure to climate-related events was associated with higher CCA through the mediating roles of climate change awareness and ecological coping strategies and whether these pathways differed by chro...

Background: The anatomical relationship between the carotid arteries (CAs) and the hyoid bone (HB) has significant clinical implications. The present study investigates the spatial relationship between the HB and common carotid artery (CCA), internal carotid artery (ICA), external carotid artery (ECA), and carotid bifurcation (CB), analyzing their...

Purpose This study aims to investigate the synergistic and attenuation mechanism of Xihuang pill in the treatment of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), thereby providing a reliable scientific basis for the selection of postoperative treatment strategies in cholangiocarcinoma patients. Methods In total, 120 patients with advanced CCA who underwent stent imp...

No presente estudo analisou-se a incidência de homicídios ocorridos em Palmas, capital do Tocantins, entre os anos de 2022 e 2024, com ênfase na influência dos conflitos faccionais. A pesquisa tem por pressuposto inicial a explicação das autoridades em segurança pública atribuindo o aumento no número de homicídios ocorridos na capital ao fortalecim...

Background As a chronic inflammatory disease, ulcerative colitis (UC) is characterized by complex etiology and unclear pathological mechanisms. Neuroimaging research plays a pivotal role in improving diagnostic accuracy and guiding treatment decisions, while enhancing our understanding of disease mechanisms. We aimed to explore the possible associa...

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a diverse collection of malignant tumors that originate in the bile ducts. Mitochondria, the energy converters in eukaryotic cells, contain circular mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) which has a greater mutation rate than nuclear DNA. Heteroplasmic variations in mtDNA may suggest an increased risk of cancer-related mortality, se...

Background Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) poses a significant public health challenge in Thailand, with notably high incidence rates. This study aimed to compare the performance of spatial prediction models using Machine Learning techniques to analyze the occurrence of CCA across Thailand. Methods This retrospective cohort study analyzed CCA cases from...

Globally, the establishment of forest plantations of fast-growing exotic species for the timber industry has increased rapidly, becoming a significant feature of the landscape that can influence biodiversity due to intensive management. In the Basque Country (northern Iberian Peninsula), during the 19th century, deforested land was reforested with...

Understanding gender-specific differences due to anatomical and physiological variations in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular physiology is essential. Thus, this study explores variations in aortic and blood pressure, arterial stiffness, and cerebral blood flow between healthy men and women. The study involved 36 healthy participants (23 males and...

Tumor‐associated neutrophils (TANs), particularly the N2 phenotype, contribute to T cell exhaustion in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), leading to low response rates to PD‐1 inhibitor therapy. To address this issue, cancer‐associated fibroblast (CAF)‐derived extracellular vesicles loaded with ruxolitinib (CEVs@Ru) are developed to selectively target and r...

Electroencephalography (EEG) analysis is critical for diagnosing various neurological disorders and for other brain-related control applications. However, the presence of artifacts, including muscle artifacts, significantly alter signal power and lead to misinterpretation of neural information. Hence, it is essential to identify and remove these si...

Settlement and metamorphosis are critical processes that determine success in aquaculture and recruitment in the wild. Only a few settlement inducers have been reported for limpets (Patellogastropoda). In the present study six assays were performed to evaluate different neurotransmitters at a wide range of concentrations as settlement inducers for...

Magnetic phase transitions at the Curie temperature are essential for applications like magnetocaloric refrigeration, magnetic sensors, and actuators, but the reliance on costly, scarce rare-earth materials limits sustainability. Developing affordable, rare-earth-free materials with tunable magnetic properties and scalable miniaturization methods i...

Confidential computing has gained traction across major architectures with Intel TDX, AMD SEV-SNP, and Arm CCA. Unlike TDX and SEV-SNP, a key challenge in researching Arm CCA is the absence of hardware support, forcing researchers to develop ad-hoc performance prototypes on non-CCA Arm boards. This approach leads to duplicated efforts, inconsistent...

Background Carotid artery stenting (CAS) using the 7F Optimo balloon guide catheter (BGC) allows for smooth navigation and facilitates proximal flow control. However, this method may allow antegrade flow in the internal carotid artery (ICA). This study aims to identify predictors of antegrade flow during CAS with the common carotid artery (CCA) occ...

Rural areas are increasingly vulnerable to climate change threats, including floods, droughts, and soil degradation, yet conventional top-down interventions have proven insufficient to address these complex challenges. This paper advances the hypothesis that community-based (CB) engagement is crucial for building bottom-up resilience in rural regio...

Bamboo is crucial as a woody primary raw material for various products in tropical regions. It is also one of the strongest structural materials used in rural areas of developing countries. However, bamboo is susceptible to biodegradation, leading to the need for frequent replacement, which increases costs. Preservative treatment is essential to ex...

Objective : To study the impact of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) on the development of atherosclerosis and assess cardiovascular risk in patients without established cardiovascular pathology. Materials and Methods . The study included 115 patients divided into three groups: 37 patients with Crohn’s disease (CD), 44 patients with ulcerative coli...

Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is accompanied by systemic inflammation and an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerosis and abdominal aortic aneurysms. Eosinophilic inflammation is common in COPD, but little is known about the role of eosinophilia in atherogenesis. Objective The study aims to inv...

A análise de correlação canônica (ACC) e a regressão múltipla foram aplicadas aos dados experimentais de Morita et al. (1968, a 1968), Morita e D'Amico (1971) e D'Amico e Morita (1971). Seis variáveis independentes (cinco variáveis contínuas representadas por descritores moleculares para as moléculas de diferentes tipos de aceleradores; e, uma vari...

Ochradenus baccatus Delile (Resedaceae) is a widely distributed desert shrub known for its remarkable growth form plasticity, growing either independently or as a facultative climber on other vegetation. Despite its ecological adaptability, the drivers underlying its dual growth strategy remain poorly understood in arid ecosystems. This study aimed...

Purpose] This study investigated the effects of prolonged sitting and smartphone use on the craniocervical angle (CCA), trunk flexion angle (TFA), pelvic obliquity, and gluteal pressure asymmetry in healthy adults. [Participants and Methods] Thirty healthy participants used smartphones for 30 min in three sitting positions: cross-legged, side sitti...

Our understanding of urban ecosystems in Egyptian cities is currently quite limited. This study marks a first step toward filling that gap, with a particular focus on the unique environments of the Kharga and Dakhla Oases in Egypt’s southern Western Desert. This study explores the floristic composition, structure and plant species distribution patt...

Introduction Understanding individual differences in brain dynamics is a central goal in neuroscience. While conventional time series features capture signal properties of local brain regions, they often fail to reveal the deeper structure embedded in the brain's complex activity patterns. Methods Resting-state fMRI data from approximately 1,000 s...

Patients with schizophrenia exhibit frontal gamma dysregulation, and associated impairments in cognitive function. To improve self regulation of frontal gamma activity, we designed a double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial to test a novel neurofeedback (NFB) protocol, which rewards active maintenance of current or higher levels o...

Article History: Biomonitoring tools are constantly evolving, with South Africa being no exception. This study aims to improve the knowledge of ecological preferences and tolerances of diatom species in the Karoo and to expand upon the diatom baseline for this semi-arid area. The natural water of the Karoo has wide ranges within its chemistry-often...

Background: Our study evaluated the correlation between internal carotid artery stenosis (ICAS) and retinal microvascular changes in patients with hypertensive retinopathy, dyslipidemia and ICAS. We analyzed vascular measurements provided by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and carotid Doppler ultrasonography (US) and linked OCTA par...

Introduction Coral restoration efforts increasingly focus on enhancing larval settlement and post-settlement survival. However, the species-specific efficacy of different settlement inducers remains inadequately understood, limiting optimization of restoration protocols. Methods This study systematically assessed the effectiveness of three settlem...

Software Defined Networking (SDN) is an inventive network architecture and theoretical framework. SDN separates the control plane (control logic: how to forward data in the network) and Data plane (the actual physical network of forwarding device) to implement adjustable network management. The core essence of the SDN is a centralize management pla...

As a result of the Hallyu phenomenon in the early 2000s, K-dramas have become very popular in Malaysia. Although the Korean culture may be divergent in a Muslim-majority country like Malaysia, K-drama audiences continue to show their enthusiasm for the culture by binge-watching episodes on streaming platforms. With streaming platforms, K-drama audi...

Background: When missing data are present in clinical outcomes studies, complete-case analysis (CCA) is often performed, whereby patients with missing data are excluded. While simple, CCA analysis may impart selection bias and reduce statistical power, leading to erroneous statistical results in some cases. However, there exist more rigorous statis...

Opisthorchis viverrini (Ov) infection caused opisthorchiasis, which posed an important risk for the development of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). Therefore, it is crucial to focus on the primary prevention and control of opisthorchiasis in order to control CCA effectively in Thailand and other endemic regions. A recent diagnostic method of antigen detec...

Urban areas in low elevation coastal zones are subjected to flooding, which is increasing due to the climate change. Thus, proper Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) measures and Climate Change Adaptations (CCA) are necessary to reduce the risk of flooding. However, these measures and adaptions can easily become maladaptation if the source of the risk is...

Environmental heterogeneity plays a crucial role in shaping the distribution and composition of natural vegetation, including understory ferns. As ferns are highly sensitive to environmental fluctuations, they are often regarded as effective ecological indicators. This study investigates the influence of environmental variation on understory fern c...

Background Life’s Essential 8 (LE8) for assessing cardiovascular health (CVH) has been demonstrated to be inversely associated with osteoporosis (OP). This study aims to create a machine learning (ML) model to assess the clinical association value of lifestyle and behavioral factors, assessed by LE8, on OP risk in the United States. Methods This c...

The purpose of this critical content analysis (CCA) is to inquire into how gossip is portrayed in young adult (YA) novels, drawing from the theoretical frameworks of critical feminist pedagogy (hooks, 1994; Webb et al., 2002) and culturally sustaining literacy pedagogy (Alim & Paris, 2017). Depictions of gossip and rumor-spreading in 10 YA texts we...

Conventional coronary angiography (CCA) is the gold standard for diagnosis of coronary artery disease (CAD). It is an invasive test and carries risks. Reduced coronary flow is linked to increased mortality; thus, aggressively measuring coronary flow is important. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) is an emerging non-invasive test which can as...

Background/objectives: Fanconi anemia (FA) is an inherited bone marrow failure syndrome characterized by chromosome instability and predisposition to develop myelodysplastic neoplasm (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Clonal chromosome aberrations (CCAs) in chromosomes 1, 3, and 7 frequently appear in the bone marrow (BM) of patients with FA a...

Background/Aim: Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is an aggressive cancer with limited effective chemotherapy and targeted therapy options. Existing cell lines and animal models only partially mimic the characteristics of the tumor, highlighting the need for more effective models to study the biology of cancer and drug responses. This study aimed to establi...

The study examines Opisthorchis viverrini (OV)-related cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), a serious malignancy common in Southeast Asia. Through multi-regional whole-exome sequencing of 52 tumor samples and 13 adjacent tissues from 13 patients, significant intratumoral heterogeneity (ITH) and inter-patient heterogeneity are shown. Chronic liver fluke infect...

Thyroid surgery is one of the most common neck procedures, and surgeons need to have a thorough understanding of the blood supply to this gland to prevent significant haemorrhage. In this report, we describe an aberrant branching pattern of the inferior thyroid artery (ITA) on the right side during a total thyroidectomy performed for papillary carc...

This study proposes an asynchronous brain–computer interface (BCI) framework based on steady-state motion visual evoked potentials (SSMVEPs), designed to enhance the accuracy and robustness of control state recognition. The method integrates filter bank common spatial patterns (FBCSPs) and filter bank canonical correlation analysis (FBCCA) to extra...

Background Most diagnostic accuracy studies have applied a complete case analysis (CCA) or single imputation approach to address missing values in the index test, which may lead to biased results. Therefore, this simulation study aims to compare the performance of different methods in estimating the AUC of a continuous index test with missing value...

Computer intelligence is the main source of data for the formation of the strategy of complex computer attacks (CCA) by the intruder. However, the issue of assessing the structure and dynamics of changes in this data, affecting the choice of tactics and techniques for implementing the subsequent stage of the CCA has not been sufficiently studied. T...

Combined hepatocellular carcinoma-cholangiocarcinoma (HCC-CCA) is a rare liver tumor comprising histologic features of both HCC and CCA. Due to its heterogeneous nature, treatment of combined HCC-CCA is a significant clinical challenge and prognosis remains poor. Therefore, further understanding of the tumor biology underlying the individual subtyp...

Cocoa ( Theobroma cacao ) is a key agricultural commodity that is highly susceptible to fungal and mycotoxin contamination, particularly during post-harvest processes such as fermentation, drying, and storage. This study aimed to characterize Aspergillus species associated with dried cocoa beans from 12 farms across six states in Peninsular Malaysi...

BACKGROUND Sphenopetroclival chondrosarcomas (SPCCs) typically present as paramidline lytic tumors. Bilateral disease or calcific degeneration is infrequent but associated with increased surgical morbidity and suboptimal removal when adhering to neurovascular structures. The endoscopic endonasal transclival approach (EETA) effectively accesses the...

Integrating phase change materials (PCM) into thermal insulation materials offers a novel approach to aerospace thermal protection. Herein, we used waste biomass as a template; by selecting the appropriate carbonization temperature, we obtained carbon aerogels (CCA) with extremely high porosity (95.8%) and high pore volume. After encapsulating PEG2...

High-precision small-angle measurement holds critical significance in advanced manufacturing and scientific research. Optical methods are highly favored for their non-contact characteristic, high accuracy, and exceptional sensitivity, yet traditional optical methods have limitations in measurement range and resolution. Since frequency is the most p...

Purpose To describe a case involving congenital absence of the right common carotid artery (CCA) associated with a left accessory middle cerebral artery (MCA) that was diagnosed by computed tomography angiography (CTA). Methods A 63-year-old woman with a narrow right internal carotid artery (ICA) incidentally detected on magnetic resonance imaging...

Carotid artery (CA) involvement in head and neck cancer (HNC) has a low incidence, occurring in 2–7% cases of advanced HNCs. Clinical scenarios can be various, with the CA being displaced, surrounded by the mass, or with its wall invaded in different degrees of depth. Magnetic resonance has proved to be a reliable tool in predicting CA invasion, al...

In recent years, efficient convolutional neural network (CNN) models have received limited attention due to their relatively inferior performance compared to other popular efficient models. In this paper, we propose a novel efficient CNN-based model, dubbed MoConv, which retains many advantages of CNNs. Our approach begins with an analysis of the T...

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a rare but devastating liver cancer which is commonly diagnosed at a late stage and often resistant to chemotherapy. Bcl‐2 family members, which control apoptotic cell death, are known to be involved in the chemoresistance of some cancer types. This study investigated the role of Bcl‐2 family members in the chemoresistan...

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress activation triggers programmed cell death through coordinated autophagy and apoptosis pathways. Although Gasdermin E (GSDME) is established as a pyroptosis executor and tumor suppressor, its regulatory role in ER stress-mediated autophagy remains unknown. In this study, we identify GSDME as a critical modulator of...

Ficolin 3 (FCN3) is a pattern recognition molecule that activates the complement system via the lectin pathway. While its immunological roles are known, the specific mechanisms by which FCN3 affects cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) pathogenesis remain unclear. In this study, we investigated FCN3 expression in CCA and benign cells, as well as tumor versus n...

Background and Aims Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a globally rare, increasingly incident cancer. Metabolic reprogramming is common in cancer cells, and altered lipid homeostasis favors tumor development and progression. Previous studies have described lipid deregulation in HCC cells, while in CCA, the lipidome profile is still poorly characterized....

Molecular mechanisms responsible for the poor prognosis in patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) are still unknown, but stem cell marker Cluster Differentiation 90 (CD90) has been reported to be associated with a more aggressive cancer phenotype. In this scenario, the TGF-β1 signaling pathway likely has a role as master gene regulator...

The global impacts of climate change have led to the development of various adaptation strategies, including Climate Change Adaptation (CCA) practices. In Tanzania, the introduction of CCA practices through eco-village projects between 2011 and 2019 reflects ongoing efforts to combat climate change effects. However, scientific understanding of the...

Objective. Evaluating large artery atherosclerosis is critical for predicting and preventing ischemic strokes. Ultrasonographic assessment of the carotid arteries is the preferred first-line examination due to its ease of use, noninvasive, and absence of radiation exposure. This study proposed an automated classification model for the common caroti...

This review discusses the development of face recognition technology in the field of security, focusing on deep learning and Two dimensions (2D), Three dimensions (3D) models and their multi-modal fusion. Among them, the recognition accuracy of the deep learning model taking Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model as an example for static image an...

Currently, it is unclear why some patients experience restenosis after carotid endarterectomy (CEA) and whether the closing procedure is linked to greater rates of restenosis. Here, the morphology and hemodynamics are compared for the carotid bulb of two patients post‐CEA. One carotid bulb was closed with a patch which later suffered a restenosis,...

Phytoplankton serve as crucial producers in marine ecosystems, and their community composition and populations’ dispersion directly or indirectly influence the productivity of marine waters via the trophic cascade effect within the food chain. A survey was undertaken in September 2021 and March, April, and November 2022 to examine the phytoplankton...

Traditional Bhutanese Medicine (TBM), or gSo-ba Rig-pa (Sowa Rigpa), describes vital energy channels (rtsa) and therapeutic points (gsang mig). Classical Chinese Acupuncture (CCA) features a detailed system of meridians (jing luo) and acupoints (xue wei). While both traditions modulate vital energy, a detailed comparative cartography is lacking. Th...

Cancer patient navigation has emerged as a patient-centric intervention enabling equitable cancer care, by mitigating barriers patients encounter throughout their cancer journey. Cancer Care Alberta (CCA) implemented a professional navigation model over a decade ago and commissioned a program evaluation in response to evolving operational demands....

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are increasingly used in conjunction with unsupervised learning techniques to learn powerful node representations, but their deployment is hindered by their high sensitivity to hyperparameter tuning and the absence of established methodologies for selecting the optimal models. To address these challenges, we propose LOB...

Quantifying similarity between population spike patterns is essential for understanding how neural dynamics encode information. Traditional approaches, which combine kernel smoothing, PCA, and CCA, have limitations: smoothing kernel bandwidths are often empirically chosen, CCA maximizes alignment between patterns without considering the variance ex...

Crown-of-thorns sea stars (CoTS; Acanthaster spp.) are among the most prominent corallivorous invertebrates, contributing greatly to the plight of tropical coral reefs in the Anthropocene. Much of the success of CoTS, and their propensity to undergo major population irruptions, are likely tied to inherent biological traits. Juvenile CoTS feed on co...

Central artery stiffening increases the haemodynamic pulsations transmitted downstream towards target organs, including the brain. While recent evidence suggests that long duration spaceflight is associated with reduced common carotid artery (CCA) distensibility, cerebrovascular pulsatility has not been extensively characterized in astronauts. This...

Objective Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) has a low survival rate of 5–17%, despite advancements in diagnosis and treatment. Liver function impacts disease prognosis, and the albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) score is a new assessment model for this purpose. While research suggests a correlation between ALBI score, liver failure and mortality in intrahepatic CCA (...

Quantifying similarity between population spike patterns is essential for understanding how neural dynamics encode information. Traditional approaches, which combine kernel smoothing, PCA, and CCA, have limitations: smoothing kernel bandwidths are often empirically chosen, CCA maximizes alignment between patterns without considering the variance ex...

Inverse probability weighting (IPW) is often used to adjust for selection bias, typically using a simple logit model without interactions as a missingness model. However, the size of the selection bias depends on the interaction between exposure and outcome in their effect on selection - implying that it may be important to include interactions in...

The aim of this study was to examine the influence of Relative User Satisfaction (RUS) on the sustainability of Climate Change Adaptation (CCA) practices in egro-ecological zones of Tanzania. Supported by the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), this study focus on determining the influence of self-efficacy, subjective norms, usage experience, percei...