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How should the development of AI technology be regulated so that this development and its applications are realized in accordance with ethics?
How should the development of AI technology be regulated so that this development and its applications are realized in accordance with ethics, so that AI technology serves humanity, so that it does not harm people and does not generate new categories of risks?
Conducting a SWOT analysis of the applications of artificial intelligence technology in business, in the business activities of companies and enterprises, shows that there are both many already and developing many more business applications of the said technology, i.e., many potential development opportunities are recognized in this field of using the achievements of the current fourth and/or fifth technological revolution in various spheres of business activity, as well as there are many risks arising from inappropriate, incompatible with the prevailing social norms, standards of reliable business activity, incompatible with business ethics use of new technologies. Among some of the most recognized negative aspects of improper use of generative artificial intelligence technology is the use of AI-equipped graphic applications available on the Internet that allow for the simple and easy generation of photos, graphics, images, videos and animations that, in the form of very realistically presented images, photos, videos, etc., depict something that never happened in reality, i.e., they graphically present images or videos presenting what could be described as “fictitious facts” in a very professional manner. In this way, Internet users can become disinformation generators in online social media, where they can post the said generated images, photos, videos, etc. with added descriptions, posts, comments, in which the said “fictitious facts” presented in the photos or videos will also be described in an editorially correct manner. Besides, the mentioned descriptions, posts, entries, comments, etc. can also be edited with the help of intelligent chatbots available on the Internet like Chat GPT, Copilot, Gemini, etc. However, misinformation is not the only serious problem as it has significantly intensified after OpenAI released the first versions of ChatGPT chatbot online in November 2021. A new category of technical operational risk associated with the new AI technology applied has emerged in companies and enterprises that implement generative artificial intelligence technology into various spheres of business. In addition, there is a growing scale of risks arising from conflicts of interest between business entities related to not fully regulated copyright issues of works created using applications and information systems equipped with generative artificial intelligence technology. Accordingly, there is a demand for the development of a standard of a kind of digital signature with the help of which works created with the help of AI technology will be electronically signed, so that each such work will be unique, unrepeatable and whose counterfeiting will thus be seriously hampered. However, these are only some of the negative aspects of the developing applications of AI technologies, for which there are no functioning legal norms. In the middle of 2023 and then in the spring of 2024, European Union bodies made public the preliminary versions of the developed legal norms on the proper, business-ethical use of technology in business, which were given the name AI Act. The legal normatives, referred to as the AIAct, contain a number of specific, defined types of AI technology applications deemed inappropriate, unethical, i.e. those that should not be used. The AIAct contains classified according to different levels of negative impact on society various types and specific examples of inappropriate and unethical use of AI technologies in the context of various aspects of business as well as non-business activities. An important issue to consider is the scale of the commitment of technology companies developing AI technologies to respect such regulations so that issues of ethical use of this technology are also defined as much as possible in technological aspects in companies that create, develop and implement these technologies. Besides, in order for AIACT's legal norms, when they come into force, not to be dead, it is necessary to introduce both sanction instruments in the form of specific penalties for business entities that use artificial intelligence technologies unethically, antisocially, contrary to AIAct. On the other hand, it would also be a good solution to introduce a system of rewarding those companies and businesses that make the most proper, pro-social, in accordance with the provisions of the AIAct, fully ethical use of AI technologies. In view of the fact that AIACT is to come into force only in more than 2 years so it is necessary to constantly monitor the development of AI technology, verify the validity of the provisions of AIAct in the face of dynamically developing AI technology, successively amend the provisions of the said legal norms, so that when they come into force they do not turn out to be outdated. In view of the above, it is to be hoped that, despite the rapid technological progress, the provisions on the ethical applications of artificial intelligence technology will be constantly updated and the legal normatives shaping the development of AI technology will be amended accordingly. If AIAct achieves the above-mentioned goals to a significant extent, ethical applications of AI technology should be implemented in the future, and the technology can be referred to as ethical generative artificial intelligence, which is finding new applications.
The key issues of opportunities and threats to the development of artificial intelligence technology are described in my article below:
OPPORTUNITIES AND THREATS TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE APPLICATIONS AND THE NEED FOR NORMATIVE REGULATION OF THIS DEVELOPMENT
In view of the above, I address the following question to the esteemed community of scientists and researchers:
How should the development of AI technology be regulated so that this development and its applications are carried out in accordance with the principles of ethics?
How should the development of AI technology be regulated so that this development and its applications are realized in accordance with ethics?
How should the development of AI technology applications be regulated so that it is carried out in accordance with ethics?
What do you think about this topic?
What is your opinion on this issue?
Please answer,
I invite everyone to join the discussion,
Thank you very much,
Best regards,
Dariusz Prokopowicz
The above text is entirely my own work written by me on the basis of my research.
In writing this text, I did not use other sources or automatic text generation systems.
Copyright by Dariusz Prokopowicz
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Dear Researchers, Scientists, Friends,
In my opinion, the question "How should the development of artificial intelligence applications be regulated so that they are implemented in accordance with ethical principles? How should the development of artificial intelligence technology be regulated so that this development and its applications are implemented in accordance with ethical principles? How should the development of artificial intelligence technology be regulated so that this development and its applications are implemented in accordance with ethical principles, so that artificial intelligence technology serves humanity, does not harm people, and does not generate new types of risk?" remains extremely current and constitutes one of the most pressing challenges of our time in the context of the dynamic development of artificial intelligence. I believe that continuing interdisciplinary research into the ethical and legal aspects of AI is absolutely crucial to ensure that this powerful technology serves the good of humanity. The relevance of this question stems from the increasingly widespread application of AI in various spheres of life, which raises new ethical dilemmas and risks, such as disinformation, algorithmic discrimination, violation of privacy, and responsibility for autonomous AI decisions. Based on my research and observations to date, I believe that the regulation of AI development requires a multi-dimensional approach, encompassing both legal norms, ethical standards, and mechanisms for supervision and enforcement. Promising new research directions that we are currently exploring include the design of AI algorithms with built-in ethical mechanisms (AI by design), the development of methods for auditing and evaluating the ethics of AI systems, the study of the impact of AI on democracy and freedom of speech, the analysis of legal liability for damages caused by AI, and the study of the role of education and raising public awareness in shaping the ethical use of AI. The determinants of effective AI regulation include international cooperation in creating global ethical and legal standards, the involvement of interdisciplinary teams of experts (ethicists, lawyers, computer scientists, sociologists), the transparency and explainability of AI algorithms, and the consideration of the perspectives of various social groups. I would like to take this opportunity to thank all researchers and experts for their previous contributions to the discussion on the ethical implications of AI. As a researcher actively involved in this issue, I am open to scientific collaboration that will contribute to the development of effective and fair regulatory frameworks for the development and applications of artificial intelligence. I encourage further, in-depth discussion on this extremely important topic.
I invite you to discuss this issue and to engage in scientific cooperation,
Best regards,
Dariusz Prokopowicz
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What are the ethical and social challenges of using artificial intelligence technology to improve computerised cybersecurity systems?
Dear Researchers, Scientists, Friends,
AI can significantly improve the effectiveness of defence systems against cyberattacks. But what are the consequences for privacy and civil rights? For the purposes of this discussion, I have formulated the following research thesis: the use of AI in cybersecurity can increase the effectiveness of IT system protection, but it poses risks related to invasiveness and privacy restrictions. According to the above, the use of artificial intelligence technology in cybersecurity allows for the rapid detection of threats and the automation of responses to attacks. However, the implementation of this technology carries the risk of violating users' privacy, as well as the possibility of abuse by institutions using such solutions. Therefore, legal regulations and ethical guidelines for the use of AI in this field are needed.
My following articles are related to the above-mentioned issues in some aspects:
OPPORTUNITIES AND THREATS TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE APPLICATIONS AND THE NEED FOR NORMATIVE REGULATION OF THIS DEVELOPMENT
Analysis of the security of information systems protection in the context of the global cyberatomy ransomware conducted on June 2, 2017
Development of malware ransomware as a new dimension of cybercrime taking control of IT enterprise and banking systems
Determinants of the development of cyber-attacks on IT systems of companies and individual clients in financial institutions
The role of Big Data and Data Science in the context of information security and cybersecurity
Increase in the Internetisation of economic processes, economic, pandemic and climate crisis as well as cybersecurity as key challenges and philosophical paradigms for the development of the 21st century civilisation.
CYBER SECURITY AND OTHER DETERMINANTS OF THE INTERNETISATION OF LOCAL AND MUNICIPAL MAGAZINES
And what is your opinion on this matter?
Please answer,
I invite everyone to join the discussion,
Thank you very much,
Best wishes,
I invite you to scientific cooperation,
Dariusz Prokopowicz
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Cyber security doing progress and help for everybody for the systematical works search research and all observations. If having any problems on the electric pages like content writing applications transactions discoveries as per request of syber netic system of control give to IT Solutions for the request.Based on artificial intelligence
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Ideal minded researchers come up with great ideas, inspired to improve society and the environment. But unscrupulous and greedy businesses hijack these for personal gain in the name of technology-society-country, taking all for a ride. Before these go out of hand and become an all powerful force, should conscientious researchers install a self-imposed regulatory mechanism/body that ensures that science & technology are only used for the upliftment of society; strengthen it so that unethical applications of science and technology are severely obstructed and also punishable by law?
Leaving these to the public and its proxy-The Government, have not worked out in the past and always end with the perpetrators getting away with a light rap on the wrist. In the end, the public and the environment are always the sufferers. Should we self-limit self-regulate ?
The sole objective of a business in modern times is to gain profit. This is ostensibly hidden and a great show is made of benefitting society or the environment. Very few businesses exist that care about people and the environment except probably the corner traditional family run grocery store. In ancient times, the sole objective of a business was to benefit society, providing it with goods and services that are 'need-based' only, without much advertising. Modern businesses are the opposite in that they are 'want-based' and create a product/technology/service and then create a demand for it by heavy advertising. Isn't this leading all toward moral, economic and environmental bankruptcy?
One of the earliest examples of greed in business is the example of the East India Company which led to the colonization of entire countries before they could be driven out. Should this be self-regulated at the start itself so that unethical, 'want-based' businesses cannot exploit researchers, society and the environment now and in the future ?
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Can This Be Prevented?
Yes, but it requires a mix of legal protections, institutional policies, and personal vigilance by researchers. Here’s how:
1. Intellectual Property Protection
  • Patents: If a researcher develops a novel idea, they should patent it before publicly disclosing it. This prevents others from using the idea without permission.
  • Copyright & Trademarks: For written works, software, and branding, copyright and trademarks protect ownership.
  • Non-Disclosure Agreements (NDAs): Before discussing sensitive ideas with business partners, an NDA ensures confidentiality.
2. Ethical Business Collaborations
  • University & Industry Partnerships: Research institutions should form ethical partnerships where intellectual property (IP) is protected, and researchers get fair compensation.
  • Fair Licensing Agreements: If a researcher licenses their work, they should negotiate fair royalties and control over how their innovation is used.
3. Open Source vs. Controlled Access
  • Some researchers choose to open-source their findings, preventing monopolization while still getting credit.
  • Others prefer strict licensing to ensure responsible use.
4. Raising Awareness & Institutional Policies
  • Universities and research bodies should educate researchers about their rights.
  • Stronger laws again
5. Researcher Vigilance
  • Before sharing their ideas, researchers should do background checks on p
  • Consulting with lawyers or patent offices early can
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Dear friends, I and my colleagues do research in the field of business ethics and integrity. Thus, I need some new sight on the mechanisms and tools that government bodies can employ to stimulate business ethics and integrity.
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Dear professor Atoyan Vardan Atoyan , thank you so much for a comprehensive answer and your expert point of view. By all means, we will include your suggestions in the publications and reports. I appreciate you assistance and expert view and will be in touch with you for further discussions on this topic!
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Just the meaning and implications of Ethical Dilemma in Business
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Ethical dilemmas often arise because of conflicts of interest between stakeholders. Different individuals or groups may have competing priorities, making it difficult to determine the most ethical course of action. For example, a company may face a dilemma when deciding whether to lay off employees to cut costs or retain them to ensure job security.
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Hi,
My name is Muhammad Afnan Tariq. I'm 6th semester student at university in pakistan and currently enrolled in BBA Program. I want to write a thesis as fyp. I have interest in Marketing and Business Ethics and Political Economics and Environmental Economics and Strategic Planning and Business Economics. I want to be suggested with research topics that are not rhetorical and can have improve my knowledge and also put impact on research methods and analysis.
Regards,
Muhammad Afnan Tariq
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Choosing a thesis topic for BBA students can significantly influence their academic journey and future career opportunities. Potential topics include examining the impact of digital marketing on consumer behavior, analyzing corporate social responsibility and its effects on brand loyalty, exploring the role of leadership styles in organizational performance, or assessing the challenges of supply chain management in a post-COVID world. Additionally, topics related to financial management, such as investment strategies in emerging markets or the effects of inflation on small businesses, can provide valuable insights. Selecting a relevant and engaging topic not only enhances learning but also contributes to the existing body of knowledge in the field of business administration.
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How should ChatGPT and other intelligent chatbots be used so that it is ethical, socially responsible and does not break copyright? How should intelligent chatbots that are generative language models be used, so that the texts and other types of works created by tools based on generative artificial intelligence are created fairly, in accordance with the ethics of writing articles, certain documents, photos, graphics, videos, etc., and in such a way that, by the way, within the framework of this type of "creation", copyright is not violated, so that all the necessary footnotes to texts, documents, photos, etc. are reliably shown. source, so that a bibliography with all properly shown sources, source materials, references to source documents, so that materials, articles, books, documents and other source studies are properly and reliably cited?
As chatbots equipped with generative artificial intelligence technology are finding more and more applications within the framework of supporting human creative work, so the level of relevance of discussions concerning the ethical aspects of the use of such tools in the creative production of certain works is also increasing. Since the release of ChatGPT in open access on the Internet, it is a rapidly growing application of this tool in the increasingly automated creation of various types of texts, which until now were written by humans and now for humans can be done by artificial intelligence technology, an intelligent chatbot based on a generative language model. Advanced generative language models are taught to produce various types of texts based on artificial neural network technology, which are taught specific "skills" through a process of deep learning on the basis of data and information from many online databases, online libraries, indexing databases of scientific papers, information portals containing millions of source texts, and are refined through ongoing discussions with millions of users on the Internet. At present, such intelligent chatbots based on advanced generative language models are already being made available on the Internet by almost all leading Internet technology companies, or are currently working on developing and improving such tools and will soon make them available in open access to Internet users. Such increasingly "intelligent" tools that develop various kinds of documents, texts, studies in an increasingly sophisticated way and carry out the "creative" process in an increasingly perfect way are finding a rapidly growing scale of new applications and are being used more and more widely by Internet users. However, on the other hand, in a situation where Internet users use such tools not only for casual discussions, for fun, for entertainment, and commission intelligent chatbots to develop an article, formalized document, photo, graphic, etc. intended for publication, for use in a thesis, in an analytical report on the analysis and evaluation of the functioning of certain real-world economic entities and institutions, etc., then certain problems of an ethical nature arise. then certain ethical problems arise in connection with the use by the said intelligent chatbots from texts, documents, photos, articles and scientific and other books available on the Internet, etc., without first asking the authors of these studies, works, etc. whether they allow the use of their works, works, studies that have been published on the Internet in advance. In addition to this, ethical problems are also related to the fact that the said intelligent chatbots, in the course of automated development of works, often still do not fully show footnotes to sources, on show a full bibliography in the specified standards for the development of bibliographic descriptions of texts and source materials. Besides, also during the discussions conducted by intelligent chatbots with Internet users, it is not obligatory for the company providing the chatbot to obtain consent from the Internet user for the use of his knowledge, his documents and studies, his works, which he will enter into the database system of the intelligent chatbot, which are then used to improve the discussions conducted on the part of the chatbot, and are used to provide answers, to perform commissioned works for subsequent other Internet users. Besides, what is particularly important, in a situation when an intelligent chatbot on the order of an Internet user develops a certain work, and if it even shows sources for data, shows materials, publications, articles, books, photos, other source materials in the footnotes, in the bibliography, then at the same time a request is not sent to the authors of the source works for the possibility of their use by the chatbot in the development of a certain commissioned work by another Internet user, and no consent is taken from the authors of the original sources of data, information, results of previously conducted research, analysis, etc. Besides, in connection with the fact that many of the above-mentioned issues are not regulated by law, so there is still no mandatory requirement for authors of studies created with the involvement of tools based on a certain generative artificial intelligence technology to demonstrate that the work or a part of it, a certain fragment was created with the use of a certain mentioned tool. Accordingly, studies, texts, photos created with the use of such intelligent tools may contain information that is inconsistent with the facts and can be and are used to generate disinformation on the Internet, mainly on social media websites. Therefore, there are various dangers, risks, serious dangers associated with the unauthorized, incompatible with ethical principles, without respect for copyright, creation of certain works through the use of generative artificial intelligence. Thus, it is necessary to properly regulate all the above-mentioned issues concerning the creation of various types of works using generative artificial intelligence. In addition to this, it is necessary to legally sanction the creation of a requirement to automatically mark the works created in this way that a particular study, text, article, document, photo, film, etc. was created using a particular intelligent tool. It is also necessary to systematically organize the collection of consent from the authors of various types of source works, previously written texts, articles, books, made studies, photos, films, whose authors are human creators for the use of their works in the automated creation of further studies and works but already realized by tools based on generative artificial intelligence.
In view of the above, I address the following question to the esteemed community of scientists and researchers:
How should ChatGPT and other intelligent chatbots be used so that it is ethical, socially responsible and does not violate copyrights? How should intelligent chatbots that are generative language models be used, so that the texts and other types of works created by tools based on generative artificial intelligence are created fairly, in accordance with the ethics of writing articles, certain documents, photos, graphics, videos, etc., and in such a way that, by the way, within the framework of this type of "creation", copyrights are not violated, so that all necessary footnotes to texts, documents, photos, etc., are reliably demonstrated. source, so that a bibliography with all properly shown sources, source materials, references to source documents is developed to the full extent, so that materials, articles, books, documents and other source studies are cited correctly and reliably?
How should ChatGPT be used so that it is ethical, socially responsible and does not violate copyrights?
And what is your opinion on this topic?
What is your opinion on this issue?
Please answer,
I invite everyone to join the discussion,
Thank you very much,
Best regards,
Dariusz Prokopowicz
The above text is entirely my own work written by me on the basis of my research. In writing this text I did not use other sources or automatic text generation systems.
Copyright by Dariusz Prokopowicz
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Publication Ethics in the Era of Artificial Intelligence
"The application of new technologies, such as artificial intelligence (AI), to science affects the way and methodology in which research is conducted. While the responsible use of AI brings many innovations and benefits to science and humanity, its unethical use poses a serious threat to scientific integrity and literature. Even in the absence of malicious use, the Chatbot output itself, as a software application based on AI, carries the risk of containing biases, distortions, irrelevancies, misrepresentations and plagiarism. Therefore, the use of complex AI algorithms raises concerns about bias, transparency and accountability, requiring the development of new ethical rules to protect scientific integrity. Unfortunately, the development and writing of ethical codes cannot keep up with the pace of development and implementation of technology. The main purpose of this narrative review is to inform readers, authors, reviewers and editors about new approaches to publication ethics in the era of AI. It specifically focuses on tips on how to disclose the use of AI in your manuscript, how to avoid publishing entirely AI-generated text, and current standards for retraction..."
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Are commercial banks practicing greenwashing by advertising so-called green loans, i.e. loans which they have been giving on a small scale for many years and have recently called green loans?
Do financial institutions, including commercial banks practice greenwashing by advertising so-called green loans, i.e. loans which they have been giving on a small scale for many years and have recently called green loans in connection with fashionable trends for sustainable economy, green economy, green transformation, closed loop economy, realization of sustainable development goals?
Globally, financial institutions, including commercial and investment banks continue to finance on a large scale the development of dirty energy based on the burning of fossils and the mining sector involved in extracting fossil fuels from the earth's crust. On the other hand, in recent years, financial institutions, including commercial banks recognizing the growth of pro-environmental, pro-climate and pro-environmental awareness of citizens, i.e. also customers of banking product and service offerings. Therefore, in order to improve their image in advertising campaigns, conferences, public relations meetings, etc., they present themselves as green financial institutions offering green loans, green bonds and other forms of green external financing. So-called green external financing is carried out by banks on the same terms or on a slightly promotional basis vis-à-vis other types of external financing not qualified by the definition of these terms as green financing. The research shows that financial institutions, including commercial banks are practicing greenwashing by advertising so-called green loans, i.e. loans which they have been providing for many years on a small scale and recently, in connection with the fashionable trends for sustainable economy, green economy, green transformation, closed loop economy, realization of sustainable development goals, have called green loans. In addition, individual commercial banks in order to distinguish themselves from each other in terms of their green financing offers and their green financial institution missions, missions articulated in advertising campaigns and marketing communications with customers are for the same issues of green, sustainable, zero-carbon closed loop economy use different terms for the same issues. Well, in marketing communications using the issues of the above-mentioned issues, they use different terms for sustainable economy, green economy, green economy transformation, closed loop economy, realization of sustainable development goals, etc. Since commercial banks have for many years been lending, among other things, to such economic ventures as the construction of sewage treatment plants, the erection of a windmill to generate electricity, the acquisition of new technologies by a municipal cleaning company, etc., and it is only recently that this financing has been called green financing and is particularly promoted and highlighted in advertising campaigns that there are considerations about the possibility of large-scale greenwashing by financial institutions operating in this way. Just as many years ago, when the concepts of sustainable economy, sustainable development goals, zero-carbon economy, closed-loop economy did not appear in the marketing communications of commercial banks, media debates, or did not yet exist at all, commercial banks financed pro-environmental business ventures, which at the time were not defined and defined in such a way. However, both at that time, e.g. in the late 1990s and earlier, the scale of lending that financed pro-environmental, pro-climate, pro-sustainability economic ventures was relatively small. The situation is similar today. In the 1990s in Poland, even a commercial bank, which has the term “Bank Ochrony Środowiska” in its name, also granted loans to finance projects that had nothing to do with ecology and sustainable economic development and the financing that we now call green was only part of the total lending activity. On the other hand, the relatively small increase in the scale of green lending by commercial banks recorded in recent years is due to the banks' use of emerging opportunities for co-participation in green financing programs for investment projects carried out mainly in the field of green transformation of the energy sector, including, for example, financing the installation by prosumers of photovoltaic panels on the roofs of their properties or businesses based on financial subsidies from the state's public finance system and/or European Union grants. Co-participation of commercial banks involves, for example, providing bridge loans to borrowers who, using subsidies from the state's public finance system, implement certain pro-climate and/or pro-environmental economic projects. In POlska, some such programs for financing green economic ventures with subsidies are combined with the obligatory use of bridge loans pending the transfer of subsidies. In Poland, banks have lobbied in the political sphere for this kind of solution in order to increase for themselves the market for loans granted and to increase the scale of the various types of loans that have been granted for years, which now then qualify for so-called green financing. In addition, commercial banks are motivated to develop green financing by the new European Union regulations coming into force regarding the corporate obligations imposed first on large corporations, large enterprises and companies and in subsequent years, i.e. from 2025 onwards, also on SME operators with regard to obligations to implement expanded, non-financial ESG reporting. The aforementioned expanded, non-financial ESG reporting is to play the role of increasing the transparency of companies, including equity companies, listed companies to shareholders, business counterparties and customers, and is to play the role of a motivator to increase the scale of implementation of pro-climate, pro-environmental, green business ventures, increase the scale of inclusion in the processes of green transformation of the economy and the implementation of sustainable development goals. commercial banks have seen in this process synergies for themselves and new opportunities for business development and cooperation with key customers such as business entities. Subsequently, all these emerging opportunities in recent years that banks use to scale up the development of green financing are presented in advertising campaigns as key determinants of their banking business presented as green banking, socially responsible banking, climate and environmentally responsible banking, banking that pursues many of the goals of sustainable development, banking that is highly supportive of the green transformation of the economy which is often an outstanding exaggeration of this issue, i.e. presenting themselves as green financial institutions. In view of the above, many commercial banks that currently use the technique of presenting themselves in marketing communications as green financial institutions on a large scale are practicing greenwashing.
I have described key aspects of the realities of the so-called green finnsing currently practiced by commercial banks, including the green loans they provide and many other key aspects of the green transformation of the economy in the article:
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PRINCIPLES OF SUSTAINABLE ECONOMY DEVELOPMENT AS A KEY ELEMENT OF THE PRO-ECOLOGICAL TRANSFORMATION OF THE ECONOMY TOWARDS GREEN ECONOMY AND CIRCULAR ECONOMY
I invite you to familiarize yourself with the issues described in the publications given above, as well as to scientific cooperation in these issues.
In view of the above, I address the following question to the esteemed community of scientists and researchers:
Are financial institutions, including commercial banks, practicing greenwashing by advertising so-called green loans, i.e. loans which they have been giving for many years on a small scale and recently, in connection with the fashionable trends for sustainable economy, green economy, green transformation, closed loop economy, realization of sustainable development goals, called green loans?
Are commercial banks practicing greenwashing by advertising so-called green loans, i.e. loans which they have been giving for many years on a small scale and recently called green loans?
Do commercial banks practice greenwashing by advertising so-called green credits, some of which they have already given under other names?
And what is your opinion about it?
What is your opinion on this issue?
Please answer,
I invite everyone to join the discussion,
Thank you very much,
Best wishes,
Dariusz Prokopowicz
The above text is entirely my own work written by me on the basis of my research.
In writing this text, I did not use other sources or automatic text generation systems.
Copyright by Dariusz Prokopowicz
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Yes, there are instances where commercial banks have been accused of greenwashing by rebranding existing loans as "green loans" without significantly altering their lending practices. This tactic allows banks to appear environmentally responsible and attract customers interested in sustainable financing. However, these loans may not always meet stringent environmental criteria, leading to criticism that banks are prioritizing marketing over genuine sustainability efforts. Such practices can undermine trust and hinder progress toward true environmental goals.
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Hello all,
I am currently finishing my Masters Degree of Management and Sustainability and I am aiming to do a PhD in January. However, my mind is blank to think of a good research question as i have just finished my second semester with 3 assignments worth 15,000 words in total and, now starting on another assignment.
I was wondering if anyone can advise me or help me come up with a research questions based on my interests?
I am interested in doing a PhD on Business Ethics and Sustainability or purely on Sustainability topics.
At University, I finished these units which were my favourite:
- Critical Enquiry for Entrepreneurs and Leaders (I write a journal article on how Neoliberalism influence the sustainable practices of the fast fashion industry).
- Social, Ethical and Environmental Enterprise for Leaders
- Business Ethics, Sustainability and Responsible Leadership
- Logistics and Supply Chain Practices
- Sustainability and Sustainable Development
Any comments would be much appreciated.
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Generally, it would be optimal to pick a topic based on the area of expertise of your prospective doctoral supervisor. I would contact whomever you plan on working with and ask them about their research program (e.g., grant-funded projects) and topic within that that you could work on.
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Is the granting of mortgages in foreign currency a deliberate exploitation by commercial banks of the information asymmetry present in their relations with borrowers?
Is the granting of mortgages in foreign currency a deliberate exploitation by commercial banks of the information asymmetry occurring in relations with borrowers, is the passing of currency risk by the bank to customers, and is an activity contrary to the principles of business ethics, corporate social responsibility of banking, and consequently leads to a decline in the level of public confidence of citizens in relation to banks?
In the country where I operate just before the outbreak of the global financial crisis of 2008, commercial banks were extensively issuing mortgages denominated in foreign currency, mainly in Swiss franc, i.e. CHF. Mortgage offers offered in CHF were deliberately structured very attractively for customers, which resulted in a strong increase in lending actions on this type of loans. In 2006-2007, lending actions carried out within the framework of mortgages denominated in CHF grew so strongly that they significantly exceeded lending actions carried out within the framework of mortgages granted in the domestic currency, i.e. in PLN. However, in reality, the offers of these loans were not as attractive as initially presented to customers by the banks. At that time, in the context of high stock valuations on stock exchanges, rising prices of raw materials on wholesale commodity markets, high economic growth rates, rapidly rising real estate prices, good economic conditions, Poland's plans to join the euro zone, the PLN domestic currency exchange rate was in an upward trend. The banks, based on their macroeconomic analysis, knew what was going on, they knew about the overvalued assets, the overvalued PLN against other currencies, etc. The average customer, the potential borrower, did not have this knowledge. Banks took advantage of the asymmetry of information regarding the aforementioned issues of the macroeconomic situation of the economy, the valuation of assets on the capital markets, the level of exchange rates.
Within the framework of their CHF-denominated mortgages, they passed the currency risk arising from changes in exchange rates and the risk of changes in interest rates by the central bank in Switzerland onto the borrowers. Soon after the global financial crisis erupted in mid-September 2008, the exchange rate of the currency of a relatively non-large developing economy with higher investment risk, i.e. the PLN exchange rate against other currencies, instead of continuing to rise it began to fall sharply. The CHF exchange rate, on the other hand, rose rapidly, resulting in a significant increase in the size of the amounts paid to the bank by borrowers with the aforementioned loans in CHF in installments as part of their loan repayments. Before the global financial crisis of 2008, mortgage installments denominated in CHF were significantly lower compared to the situation if the same loan had been taken on analogous terms but in the domestic currency of PLN. On the other hand, after the outbreak of the aforementioned financial crisis, the situation reversed dramatically, as the amount of money paid to the bank in installments of repaid CHF loans increased significantly, and there were later situations that it exceeded the situation if the same loan had been taken on analogous terms but in the domestic currency of PLN. In addition, the loan agreements contained provisions that were prohibited from the point of view of good standards and guidelines of regulatory and supervisory institutions, abusive clauses. The abusive clauses in question were included in these agreements as part of the asymmetry of information used by the banks, occurring in their relations with customers.
In view of the above, the granting of mortgage loans in foreign currency is a deliberate exploitation by commercial banks of the information asymmetry occurring in relations with borrowers, is the transfer of currency risk by the bank to customers, and is an activity that is contrary to the principles of business ethics, corporate social responsibility of banking and, consequently, leads to a decline in the level of public confidence of citizens in relation to banks. Thus, the issue of CHF-denominated mortgages has become one of the significant factors deteriorating the image of commercial banks from the point of view of customers. The granting of mortgage loans denominated in CHF has caused a deterioration in the reputation of commercial banks operating in Poland, a decrease in the level of social responsibility of the banking business and, consequently, also a deterioration in the image of banks as institutions of social trust.
In view of the above, I address the following question to the esteemed community of scientists and researchers:
Is the granting of mortgages in foreign currency a deliberate exploitation by commercial banks of the information asymmetry that exists in their relations with borrowers, is the transfer of currency risk by the bank to customers, and is an activity that is contrary to the principles of business ethics, social responsibility of the banking business and, consequently, leads to a decline in the level of social trust of citizens towards banks?
Is the provision of mortgages in foreign currency a deliberate exploitation by commercial banks of the information asymmetry that exists in their relations with borrowers?
What do you think about this topic?
What is your opinion on this issue?
Please answer,
I invite everyone to join the discussion,
Thank you very much,
Best regards,
Dariusz Prokopowicz
The above text is entirely my own work written by me on the basis of my research.
In writing this text, I did not use other sources or automatic text generation systems.
Copyright by Dariusz Prokopowicz
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That's an interesting and complex question. From the perspective of an informed individual in August 2023, I would say the following:
The granting of mortgages in foreign currency can be viewed as a deliberate exploitation of information asymmetry by commercial banks in certain cases. When borrowers take out mortgages denominated in a foreign currency, they may not fully understand the risks involved, such as exposure to exchange rate fluctuations. Banks, on the other hand, typically have more expertise and information regarding foreign exchange markets and the potential volatility of different currencies.
This information asymmetry can allow banks to structure mortgage products in a way that benefits them at the expense of less financially sophisticated borrowers. For example, banks may offer lower short-term interest rates on foreign currency mortgages, enticing borrowers without fully explaining the long-term risks. When the exchange rate moves against the borrower, the monthly mortgage payments can become significantly more burdensome, potentially leading to defaults.
However, it's important to note that the granting of foreign currency mortgages is not inherently exploitative in all cases. In some contexts, it may provide borrowers with access to credit that would otherwise be unavailable or offer potential benefits, such as lower interest rates. The key is whether the banks are transparently and fairly communicating the risks to borrowers, who then make an informed decision.
Ultimately, the assessment of whether the practice is a deliberate exploitation of information asymmetry would depend on the specific market conditions, regulatory environment, and the degree of transparency and fairness exhibited by the commercial banks involved. Careful monitoring and oversight by regulatory authorities is necessary to ensure that borrowers are adequately protected from potential abuses.
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How should a system be built to verify the level of “greenness” of companies and enterprises in order to effectively systemically limit the development of greenwashing?
How should a system be built to verify the level of “greenness” of companies and enterprises, the level of factually inconsistent portrayal in the media and advertising campaigns carried out by business entities as green, pursuing sustainable development goals, respecting norms and standards for the protection of the climate, biosphere and environment, in order to effectively systemically limit the development of greenwashing?
As the level of pro-climate and pro-environmental awareness of citizens increases, so does the number of companies and enterprises that portray themselves in advertising campaigns as business entities pursuing specific sustainable development goals, in line with the trends of green transformation of the economy. To a large extent, these issues are highly correlated with each other and act in feedbacks to each other. On the one hand, the growing level of pro-climate and pro-environmental awareness of citizens motivates business entities to add to their missions and development strategies the issue of achieving sustainable development goals, undertaking business ventures that are part of the green transformation of the economy. On the other hand, in a situation where more and more companies, enterprises, financial and public institutions are presenting themselves as green business entities presenting in various brand promotion activities and advertising campaigns informing about the company's product and/or service offerings also descriptions and characteristics of green business ventures, presenting the business entity's implementation of certain sustainable development goals and green investment projects undertaken, where they develop their own energy sources based on renewable and emission-free energy sources, building wastewater treatment plants so as not to generate waste that pollutes the environment, developing and improving waste segregation and recycling techniques, carrying out economic projects involving environmental reclamation and restoration in post-industrially degraded areas, reforestation of industrially exploited areas and implementation of other green economic activities that are part of the processes of green transformation of the economy. however, as an institutional system for assessing the level of “greenness” of the aforementioned activities presented as realizing the goals of sustainable development and/or being part of pro-climate, pro-environmental, pro-ecological economic ventures has still not been built, so a significant number of business entities are overemphasizing the issue of presenting themselves in the framework of company brand promotion campaigns as green entities implementing ventures that are part of the green transformation of the economy. In recent years, there has been a strong increase in the number of companies, enterprises and financial institutions that portray themselves as green economic entities pursuing certain goals, including pro-environmental and pro-climate sustainability goals, while the scale of real activities in this regard is negligible or almost nonexistent. In addition, the introduction of mandatory expanded, non-financial ESG reporting motivates business entities to pursue green business ventures, which are often not green in reality. This is because a system of verification of the level of “greenness” of companies and enterprises, the level of factually inconsistent portrayal in the media and advertising campaigns carried out by business entities as green, pursuing sustainable development goals, respecting norms and standards for the protection of the climate, biosphere and environment, has still not been built to effectively systemically reduce the development of greenwashing, i.e. the so-called “eco-cheating”, eco-lying.
I am conducting research on this issue. I have included the conclusions of my research in the following article:
I invite you to discuss this important topic for the future of the planet's biosphere and climate.
In view of the above, I address the following question to the esteemed community of scientists and researchers:
How should a system be built to verify the level of “greenness” of companies and enterprises, the level of factually inconsistent portrayal in the media and advertising campaigns conducted by business entities as green, pursuing the goals of sustainable development, respecting norms and standards for the protection of the climate, biosphere and environment, in order to effectively systemically limit the development of greenwashing?
How should the system of verification of the level of “greenness” of companies and enterprises be built in order to effectively systemically limit the development of greenwashing?
What do you think about this topic?
What is your opinion on this issue?
Please answer,
I invite everyone to join the discussion,
Thank you very much,
Best wishes,
Dariusz Prokopowicz
The above text is entirely my own work written by me on the basis of my research.
In writing this text, I did not use other sources or automatic text generation systems.
Copyright by Dariusz Prokopowicz
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Dariusz Prokopowicz great topic!
"How should the system of verification of the level of “greenness” of companies and enterprises be built in order to effectively systemically limit the development of greenwashing?"
In the EU: Proposal for a
DIRECTIVE OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL
on substantiation and communication of explicit environmental claims (Green Claims Directive)
'Choice of the instrument: a Directive.'
and more info under 6.2.Requirements on substantiation of environmental claims https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=COM%3A2023%3A0166%3AFIN
Related as well: the role of advertisement agencies.
Did you see this report by Planet Tracker?
'Environmental Impact Analysis Reveals Advertising Agencies’ Silent Complicity'
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Is it ethical for someone on social media to offer for sale access to selected AI applications, i.e. applications based on artificial intelligence technology offered in the form of links, plug-ins on created websites, applications that can be found on the Internet for free?
I have participated in trainings whose organizers advertised on social media and during which they first presented their achievements in social media, pointed out the large income they generate within the framework of large reach in these online media, then talked about social media, marketing and online advertising used in these media, the possibility of using various applications based on artificial intelligence technology within the framework of marketing activities, creating and running advertising campaigns in social media and then presented their paid offers to gain access to these applications through created additional overlays, intermediary platforms, websites. Such training courses, webinars are usually free of charge. After the training, participants can receive free certificates confirming their participation in the training. This is a free additional form of incentive to participate in the training. On the other hand, among the forms of encouraging the purchase of access to specific AI applications is a promotional offer that lasts until the end of the training time and/or until the end of the day. however, it happens that the people conducting this type of training are not computer scientists who create AI applications, they are influencers, youtubers who have contrived to sell access to selected applications based on artificial intelligence technology, which for a certain fee will be available on created overlays, websites that act as intermediary applications to access specific source applications that are available for free on the Internet. In addition, it happens that those who conduct this kind of training do not even have a registered business and cannot even issue a VAT invoice for the services sold in this way in mediating access to selected AI applications. Surprisingly, the tax authorities in the various countries where such youtubers operate have not yet addressed this issue, given that some unethical individuals operating in this way boast about the high income they earn during such training sessions. It can be a problem of sorts for public tax authorities operating in individual countries if this kind of training and business activity is conducted via the Internet from other countries, which can be a kind of tax haven for this kind of activity. However, the problem can be serious if this kind of activity is conducted from a country referred to as a tax haven and is aimed at citizens of other countries. Apparently, there is still a lack of legal regulations that would effectively limit the use of unethical, unreliable business practices in the use of certain solutions based on artificial intelligence.
I described the key issues of opportunities and threats to the development of artificial intelligence technology in my article below:
OPPORTUNITIES AND THREATS TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE APPLICATIONS AND THE NEED FOR NORMATIVE REGULATION OF THIS DEVELOPMENT
In view of the above, I address the following question to the esteemed community of scientists and researchers:
Is it ethical that in social media someone offers for sale access to selected AI applications, i.e. applications based on artificial intelligence technology offered in the form of links, plug-ins on created websites, applications that can be found on the Internet for free?
Is it ethical for someone to offer for sale on social media access to AI applications that can be found on the Internet for free?
What do you think about this topic?
What is your opinion on this issue?
Please answer,
I invite everyone to join the discussion,
Thank you very much,
Best regards,
Dariusz Prokopowicz
The above text is entirely my own work written by me on the basis of my research.
In writing this text, I did not use other sources or automatic text generation systems.
Copyright by Dariusz Prokopowicz
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This is fundamentally a matter of supply with demand. Even if a product exists, what someone doesn't know about is as good as not being there.
The entity advocating and promoting the free AI tool is ultimately participating in the value chain by playing the role of nurturing incremental awareness and consideration for the platform
In return, he is marking it up to ensure that he is able to secure profits in return for his effort
In the event customers are able to find the AI solution without his assistance, then his value diminishes.
However, through promotional efforts spearheaded by the social media advocate, if the product gains access to markets previously invisible to the brand, then ultimately he is generating an incremental advantage for the AI platform.
This is because by reselling it and charging for it, he inadvertantly is also driving adoption which is beneficial to the free AI platform, as it stimulates network effects that make the solution more compelling when it accumulates more users.
That being said, whether or not he is legally authorised to resell the AI platform is another story altogether, which may require him to secure the rights to pursue this strategy with the blessing of the AI platform he claims to represent.
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Dear Colleagues and Researchers,
Greetings!
I'm currently editing a book titled “Building Business Knowledge for Complex Modern Business Environments” with IGI Global and would like to invite you to contribute to the book by submitting your Chapters. Here is the link, and below you will find the deadlines.
About The Book
This book serves as a comprehensive guide to essential components necessary for navigating the complexities of contemporary business landscapes. It delves into crucial aspects such as strategic planning, financial management, technological integration, marketing strategies, and sustainable practices. Through detailed analysis and practical examples, the book offers insights into the dynamic interplay of these elements and their significance in achieving business success in today's rapidly evolving global marketplace. It caters to entrepreneurs, business professionals, educators, and students seeking a thorough understanding of fundamental principles essential for thriving in the modern business environment. The aim of this book is to empower individuals and organizations with the knowledge and tools necessary to navigate the complexities of modern business environments effectively.
The book also contributes significantly to the research community by synthesizing current knowledge and best practices in various fields related to business essentials. It offers a comprehensive overview of essential topics, providing researchers with a foundational understanding to explore deeper complexities and emerging trends within specific areas of interest. Additionally, the book may inspire further research inquiries into the intersectionality of business essentials with emerging technologies, socio-economic factors, and environmental sustainability, fostering interdisciplinary collaboration and innovation within the academic community.
Recommended Topics
1. Vision and Strategy.
2. Effective Organizational Leadership.
3. Financial Management.
4. Business Analysis and Excellence.
5. Business Ethics.
6. Sales and Marketing.
7. Business Sustainability and Diversity.
8. Human Resources, Culture, Team Building, and Talent Management.
9. Customer Experience Management and Engagement.
10. Marketing Management.
11. Engineering Management.
12. Project and Portfolio Management.
13. Risk Management and Governance.
14. Quality Management.
15. Entrepreneurship and Innovation.
16. Technological Integration and Artificial Intelligence (AI) Applications.
17. Operational Efficiency.
18. Supply Chain and Procurement Management.
Important Dates
May 19, 2024: Proposal Submission Deadline June 2, 2024: Notification of Acceptance August 11, 2024: Full Chapter Submission September 22, 2024: Review Results Returned October 20, 2024: Final Acceptance Notification October 27, 2024: Final Chapter Submission
Best Regards,
Dr. Ahmed Sedky
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Thank you for this opportunity. I will email shortly
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SCIREA Journal of Sociology
BOHR International Journal of Business Ethics and Corporate Governance (BIJBECG)
International Journal of Social Sciences and Economic Review
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BOHR, is a new publisher. I see:
-Their indexing info does not mention misleading metrics (), which is a good sign
-First impression is that their editorial board looks legit https://journals.bohrpub.com/index.php/bijbecg/about/editorialTeam
-For now, they don’t charge an APC https://journals.bohrpub.com/index.php/bijbecg/article_charges this does not sound as predatory. It is unfortunately unclear how they finance their operation https://www.bohrpub.com/about
-Papers are edited quite professionally and have a legit DOI assigned
If indexing in Scopus and/or Clarivate’s indexes is not crucial, then you might give it a try.
International Journal of Social Sciences and Economic Review:
-Their editorial team (normally called board) looks legit https://ijsser.com/ijsser/about/editorialTeam
-It looks like one of their (the publisher ICR Publications) journals is Scopus indexed https://www.immi.se/intercultural/ Although a bit strange that Scopus mention Taylor & Francis as publisher (which is most likely a software error since Taylor&Francis have a similar title with research at the end)
All together I think this is a reasonably safe choice.
Best regards.
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Unethical businessmen aided by politicians have transgressed boundaries of ethical, equitable, sustainable living in the pursuit of short-term profits and immediate self-gain to support certain exclusive lifestyles. The excuse used is 'competition' or 'everyone else is doing it'. This greed has now seeped into lay individuals, families, children, societies, nations and are creating unrest and dissatisfaction at all levels of the human-ecosystem. To feed this greed, newer and newer technologies are created to benefit a few. The immediate outcome of these misguided priorities is bad health-of individuals, economies and the environment. Long-term effects include obesity, divorce, war and the resultant effort to create more technologies to solve problems created by earlier misuse of technology.
How does one break and come out of this vicious circle of material addiction and technology creation to sustain this addiction?
2. Technology makes things easier to do, enables faster production and sadly enough, faster consumption of scarce common natural resources. This is a vicious circle. And all vicious circles, are hard to break. Wars, pogroms, genocides, invasions, colonisation, slavery-are all designed with a selfish goal: Grab other people’s resources. And make profits. From Lehman brothers, Monsanto, Enron, Nestle.....we have seen them all.
Vicious circles are confusing because the process is not linear, there are no clear starting and ending points. One thing leads to the other and the ending dove-tails again into the starting point.
3. The arms industry, entertainment industry, meat industry, porn industry, whaling industry, forestry industry are only some 'visible' examples with known ethical malpractices, with almost every industry bending ethics for the sake of the bottomline, because 'there is competition everywhere' and 'everyone is doing it'!
4. Scrupulous businessmen fulfill a perceived need in society. They put together their ingenuity and manufacturing ability for making life easier for others. They often do not advertise or patent their services.
Unscrupulous businessmen create a 'want'/desire in society, then bombard their target with psychological advertising, making them think they 'need' this, whatever the cost. They patent/license/copyright their product and feed off the spoils.
Since unscrupulous businessmen are at the root of imbalance in society and the environment, should we reign-in the business sector with more regulations, ethical controls and accountability?
5. So where do we start to break the vicious circle? Where does the buck stop? Businesses? National policy? Societies? Families? Individuals? Me?
"Everybody talks about wanting to change things and help and fix, but ultimately all you can do is fix yourself. And that's a lot. Because if you can fix yourself, it has a ripple effect."-Rob Reiner.
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There are certain sectors and certain businesses which are problematic. Many other sectors and businesses agree that their counterparts should not exist and actively work toward supporting humanity and the planet.
Examples of our agendas for achieving sustainability which must involve the private sector--those who are on board with sustainability:
And reflections on responsibility in the context of the petroleum industry:
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In your opinion, in a country with a democratic system of government, should the main, dominant, meanstream, public news media be independent, private or state-owned, under government control?
I ask because different countries have different solutions to this issue. In the country where I have been operating for many years, the main, dominant, meanstream, public news media are under government control, are state-owned (e.g., companies in which the treasury dominates as the main or sole shareholder), are referred to as public, and are used by the government as a mouthpiece for pro-government propaganda, including generating disinformation to citizens so that citizens will once again vote for the same ruling political party in parliamentary elections. On the one hand, this has been operating for many years and nothing has changed in this regard. And on the other hand, it is criticized by media experts, researchers and scholars, by media scholars, but also by many citizens who are not professionally or scientifically involved in the media. The criticism points to the lack of information objectivity, to the politicization of information, to the creation of pro-government propaganda, consisting of constant and incessant praise of what the government is doing, criticism of what the opposition parties are proposing, etc. on the unreliability of information, on the violation of the rules of journalistic ethics, on the public practice of hegemony against people working in opposition political circles, on the practice of disinformation even against people representing the so-called "hardcore electorate" of voters who usually vote in parliamentary and other elections for the ruling PIS political option.
In view of the above, I address the following question to the esteemed community of scientists and researchers:
In your opinion, in a country with a democratic system of government, should the main, dominant, meanstream, public news media be independent, private or under government control?
Should the main, dominant, meanstream, public news media be independent, private or state-owned, under government control?
What do you think about this topic?
What is your opinion on this issue?
Please answer,
I invite everyone to join the discussion,
Thank you very much,
Warm regards,
Dariusz Prokopowicz
Counting on your opinions, on getting to know your personal opinion, on a fair approach to the discussion of scientific issues, I deliberately used the phrase "in your opinion" in the question.
The above text is entirely my own work written by me on the basis of my research.
In writing this text I did not use other sources or automatic text generation systems.
Copyright by Dariusz Prokopowicz
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Regardless of the type of ownership, all that is important in journalism is integrity, transparency and adherence to ethical standards.
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I recently read a review of my book, Business Ethics Education and the Pragmatic Pursuit of the Good at https://ethicsunwrapped.utexas.edu/business-ethics-makes-business?lang=es
I would be interested in hearing from others pursuing similar work.
Frank Schweigert
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Hello. I am very interested in ethics in management and business. Is it possible to send the file to me? I could not use the above link to download. Thank you.
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I recently completed my DBA primarily focused on business ethics. The title of my thesis was: A model for business ethics in the sharing economy. During the studies I became aware of the convergence of business ethics and a number of technological movements illustrated in my thesis by the attached figure.
Over my business career I was also very interested in leadership. So, I somehow want to combine AI, business ethics and leadership in my research.
During my studies I have also come across several doctoral theses that was written in the form of a book that can be published. What do you think about this idea?
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The title "Leadership and Business Ethics in the Age of Artificial Intelligence" seems quite promising for a doctoral study. It suggests an exploration of the intersection between leadership, ethical considerations, and the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on the business landscape. This topic is highly relevant in today's rapidly evolving technological landscape, where AI is playing an increasingly significant role in various industries.
Here are a few points to consider:
  1. Relevance: The title addresses a contemporary and important issue. As AI technologies continue to advance, understanding the implications for leadership and business ethics is crucial.
  2. Interdisciplinary Approach: The proposed study seems to have an interdisciplinary nature, involving elements of business studies, leadership theory, and ethical considerations. This can enrich the study and provide a holistic understanding.
  3. Practical Implications: Investigating the relationship between leadership, business ethics, and AI could lead to practical insights for businesses and leaders navigating the challenges and opportunities presented by AI.
  4. Scope: Ensure that the scope of your study is manageable within the confines of a doctoral dissertation. You may need to narrow down your focus to specific aspects of leadership, business ethics, or AI to maintain depth and coherence in your research.
  5. Methodology: Consider the research methodology you plan to employ. Qualitative methods, such as case studies or interviews, may be valuable in exploring the nuanced aspects of leadership and ethics in the context of AI.
  6. Literature Review: A thorough literature review will be essential to situate your study within existing research on leadership, business ethics, and AI. Identify gaps in the literature that your study aims to fill.
Overall, the title is thought-provoking and has the potential to contribute valuable insights to both the academic and business communities. It's important to continuously refine and focus your research question as you delve deeper into the literature and the specific aspects you want to explore in your doctoral study.
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Colleagues:
I have just been asked by NOVA Publications to edit the book, Business Ethics: Perspectives, Management, and Issues.
What specific topics about Business Ethics do you think merit inclusion in this new book? Do you have an suggestions or ideas that you think would add value for faculty, students, or administrators?
I welcome your suggestions and would enjoy working with any scholars that may wish to contribute a chapter to this volume.
Cam Caldwell
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Thanks for your suggestion
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I am considering research on what and how AI will impact business ethics into the future. It would be appreciated if you could recommend reading material on the topic.
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More than 85 million present employment will be affected by AI, but 95 million new jobs will be created for people with AI knowledge across world as per world economics forum time frame has been estimated 2025 so AI should be introduce in each level of learning so that we can survive instead of time pass prorammes our govt should focus on it
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How can we develop a system to analyse and control advertising campaigns that mislead the public through greenwashing?
How can we improve the factual quality of advertising campaigns, so that they present the products, services, brands of companies in accordance with the facts, e.g. without greenwashing?
How should the system of analysis and control of advertising campaigns be developed to reduce the scale of misleading the public through greenwashing by unreliable and unethical companies?
What are some obvious examples of greenwashing in advertising campaigns of companies that present themselves as green companies pursuing sustainable development goals, developing green, pro-environmental, pro-climate projects, making green investments, e.g. in renewable and emission-free energy sources, which is not true?
In recent years, there have been more and more examples of the use of greenwashing in advertising campaigns, which consists in misleading the public, potential customers, who are presented with certain offers of companies as green, although they are not. More and more advertising campaigns, public relations activities, etc. carried out by more and more advertising companies and business entities presenting their product offers, services, company brands, use greenwashing. Greenwashing is also referred to in everyday language as "eco-costume", "green untruth" or "green lie", a phenomenon consisting in creating the impression among customers looking for goods produced in accordance with the principles of ecology and environmental protection that the product or the company producing it is in harmony with nature and ecology. For example, recently, in the country in which I operate, a number of advertising spots have appeared in various media, which portray certain large energy sector companies that are state-owned companies as green companies acting in accordance with the principles of sustainable development and developing green investments in the development of renewable and emission-free energy sources, but unfortunately not in accordance with the facts, and are an example of greenwashing. The largest state-owned companies in the energy and petrochemical sector engage in greenwashing because they are portrayed in advertising campaigns as developing renewable energy sources, including the construction of onshore and offshore wind farms, while the development of onshore wind energy has been blocked by the Polish government for the last seven years, the construction of wind farms in the Baltic Sea by Polish companies is only just being planned, and the structure of energy sources in the energy sector is still such that three quarters of Poland's energy is generated by burning coal and lignite.
In view of the above, I would like to address the following questions to the esteemed community of scientists and researchers:
What are the evident examples of greenwashing in advertising campaigns of companies that present themselves as green companies pursuing sustainable development goals, developing green pro-ecological, pro-environmental, pro-climate projects, making green investments e.g. in renewable and emission-free energy sources which is not in accordance with the facts?
How should a system of analysis and control of advertising campaigns be developed in order to reduce the scale of misleading of citizens through greenwashing by unreliable and unethical companies?
How can the substantive quality of advertising campaigns be improved so that they present products, services and company brands in accordance with the facts, e.g. without greenwashing?
How can we develop a system for analysing and monitoring advertising campaigns that mislead the public through greenwashing?
How can the factual quality of advertising campaigns be improved so that they present companies' offers in accordance with the facts without greenwashing?
What do you think about this topic?
What is your opinion on this subject?
Please respond,
I invite you all to discuss,
Thank you very much,
Best wishes,
Dariusz Prokopowicz
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Improving the factual quality of advertising campaigns and avoiding greenwashing involves several key steps:
Conduct thorough research: Before launching an advertising campaign, companies must conduct thorough research to ensure that their claims are accurate and based on verifiable facts. This research should involve gathering data from credible sources, such as scientific studies, industry reports, and expert opinions.
Use clear language: Companies should avoid using vague or misleading language in their advertisements. Instead, they should use clear and concise language that accurately describes their products or services. They should avoid making exaggerated or unsubstantiated claims, as this can lead to accusations of greenwashing.
Provide evidence: To support their claims, companies should provide evidence such as test results, certifications, and customer testimonials. This evidence should be verifiable and provided by reputable third-party sources.
Be transparent: Companies should be transparent about their environmental and social practices. This includes disclosing any potential environmental or social impacts of their products or services, as well as their efforts to mitigate these impacts. Companies should also be transparent about their supply chains and the sources of their raw materials.
Involve stakeholders: Companies should involve stakeholders, such as customers, employees, and community members, in their advertising campaigns. This can help to ensure that their messages are accurate, relevant, and meaningful to their target audiences.
Verify claims: Companies should have a system in place to verify their claims and ensure that their advertisements are accurate. This may involve conducting internal audits, working with independent third-party auditors, or seeking certification from credible organizations.
By following these steps, companies can improve the factual quality of their advertising campaigns and avoid greenwashing. This can help to build trust with consumers and establish a positive reputation for the company.
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What should regulations for the ethical and good practice use of ChatGPT-type technology in the context of the use of this technology in schools, colleges and universities contain?
One technology company in late 2022 launched in open access the possibility to use ChatGPT technology which is a kind of next-generation artificial intelligence enabling automated text generation based on a database of publications, texts, information, data, etc. taken from multiple websites in 2021. Arguably, other leading technology companies that operate primarily on and through the Internet are creating, developing similar technological solutions based on a specific generation of artificial intelligence and preparing for their implementation in specific applications. New applications for such Internet-accessible technological solutions based on a specific generation and successively improved artificial intelligence are emerging and will also continue to emerge in the years to come. The very availability of such technological solutions in open access on the Internet is a revolution of sorts, in fact it is the beginning of a new revolution in terms of the online information services offered to citizens and improved through the implementation of artificial intelligence. Accordingly, heated discussions are currently developing on the issue of compliant ethics and good practice in the use of ChatGPT-type technology in the context of the use of this technology in schools, colleges and universities. It is imperative that clearly defined ethics and good practices for the use of this technology in institutions of the education system, including schools, colleges and universities, be added to the rules and regulations of schools, colleges and universities.
In view of the above, I address the following question to the esteemed community of scientists and researchers:
What should the rules and regulations for the ethical and good practice use of ChatGPT-type technology contain in the context of the use of this technology in schools, colleges and universities?
What do you think about this topic?
What is your opinion on this subject?
Please respond,
I invite you all to discuss,
Thank you very much,
Best wishes,
Dariusz Prokopowicz
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Dear Prof. Prokopowicz!
You raised a very important issue. May I argue, this process is a case - and context-dependent one. There has to be a critical mass of universities, colleges, and schools in a country before user experience can be investigated. This knowledge has to be evaluated in the context of the institutional setting of that country. Open science - practices and the FAIR - principle should be at the front. At a certain stage, an international policy committee (including research teams) could collect the experiences from different countries (institutions) and propose a way to mitigate the existing and emerging ethical problems:
1) Bankins, S., Formosa, P. The Ethical Implications of Artificial Intelligence (AI) For Meaningful Work. J Bus Ethics (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-023-05339-7, Open access:
2) Walter, Y. The rapid competitive economy of machine learning development: a discussion on the social risks and benefits. AI Ethics (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s43681-023-00276-7, Open access:
Yours sincerely, Bulcsu Szekely
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Given the issue of copyright of source publications, does the use of ChatGPT for the automated creation of new texts used in specific practical and commercial applications raise specific ethical issues?
Given the issue of copyright of source publications, the use of ChatGPT for the automated creation of new texts for certain practical, business and commercial uses may raise specific ethical issues if ChatGPT's creation of new texts uses certain source publications downloaded from the Internet and is not adequately acknowledged in the source footnotes. In such a situation, copyright may not be respected, which is a serious drawback, a breach of current standards for the use of source publications, and may seriously limit the practical use of new texts created in this way. Well, as a standard, ChatGPT does not provide a list of data sources in the responses. It is possible to ask for these data sources additionally and then it provides them, but there is no certainty that it provides them all. Sometimes, for general concepts, it lists sources such as textbooks, industry monographs, etc., and adds a statement that, in addition to these sources, the ChatGPT has also used so-called 'own sources', i.e. sources drawn from a knowledge base of several tens of terabytes obtained in 2021 from the Internet and contextually selected in relation to the question asked and, possibly, the preceding question's description of the context. The ethical issues related to the use of ChatGPT for the creation of texts used for specific practical and profit-making applications by freelancers, where a certain amount of creative work is required, are determined, inter alia, by the attitude of the person, company, institution or other entity using this tool to the data available on the Internet. Well, not all persons and entities using Internet resources treat the issues of openness of data and information provided on the Internet in the same way. There may be different approaches to the issues of demonstrating data sources, using them, respecting copyright. As a standard, i.e. according to the applicable legal and ethical regulations, even for data published under the open access formula, when using and writing texts, the sources of data, sources of inspiration, etc. must be indicated in the form of footnotes with information allowing to identify the specific source of the data. If this important issue is omitted and the sources of data, information, inspiration, specific statements, theses, explanations of concepts, etc. are not shown in a text that should be a new creative text, then serious drawbacks may arise both in terms of respecting copyright and the possibility of developing research in a given field, in a given topic, and in terms of verifying the veracity of specific information that ChatGPT originally took from the Internet (as of 2021 and according to a specific part and not the entirety of the data available on the Internet). If these issues are not met and the issue of copyright is treated with discretion, certain ethical considerations arise, i.e. the failure to comply with certain ethical principles. Besides, the issue of precise demonstration of data sources is also important for being able to verify the veracity of the data and information contained in the ChatGPT-generated answer to a question, i.e. the automatically generated specific text. The importance of this issue is directly proportional to the scale of errors and fictitious information generated by the ChatGPT of non-existent "facts" appearing in the texts generated by this system that are answers to the question asked. And, unfortunately, the scale of these errors and non-existent "facts" generated by ChatGPT, fictitious "data and information" created within the "free creation" of this system is not small.
In view of the above, I address the following question to the esteemed community of scientists and researchers:
Considering the issue of copyright of source publications, does the use of ChatGPT for the automated creation of new texts used in specific practical and profit-making applications generate specific ethical problems?
What do you think about it?
What is your opinion on this subject?
Please respond,
I invite you all to discuss,
Thank you very much,
Warm regards,
Dariusz Prokopowicz
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All the hype surrounding ChatGPT suggests that you can just ask it whether copyright would be violated if the content were distributed or what attribution would be required to avoid copyright violation. Maybe the problem can even be avoided with a suitable construal of harm in Asimov's First Law of Robots....
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This year CEUR-WS.org publisher has changed the requirements to the authors of the papers to be submitted for the conference. As required by CEUR-WS.org, at least one author of the submission must have at least 5 papers listed in DBLP (https://ceur-ws.org/HOWTOSUBMIT.html#FAQ-DBLPFOOTPRINT). To check the number of your papers in DBLP, please, go to DBLP site: https://dblp.uni-trier.de/pid/77/11070.html.
If I 'd like to participate in CEUR-WS.org conference then I need to include in my author list another person that has 5 papers listed in DBLP but not made nothing for preparing the conference paper? I think that such requirements is the base of the corruption in the science world. Is it normal?
I think that in more case new author can give a better results as a person that have more than 5 papers in DBLP. This approach of CEUR-WS.org blocks the development of emerging and disruptive science areas.
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Please note that CEUR-WS.org is not a publisher and not an organizer of conferences (see their instructions: "In CEUR-WS.org, you as proceedings editor are also the publisher."). It is just a platform for open-access workshop proceedings.
Concerning the DBLP bibliography rule, the complete text reads: "CEUR-WS supports the publication of computer-science workshops (and conferences). We sometimes receive submissions that apears to have only marginal relations to computer science. To check the relevance to computer science, we may request editors to provide us with data on how many publications authors and PC members have in the DBLP bibliography. Typically, we demand that each paper has at least one author with at least 5 papers listed in DBLP." Therefore, this rule is to check the relevance to computer science in a simple way. Please note also that they "may request". Exceptions may be possible, I think - these should be discussed with the proceedings editor(s).
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We would like to answer this and other questions in the next special issue of the journal Societies.
The COVID-19 pandemic has generated many social transformations in industry, especially presenting a major challenge to the healthcare industry. The healthcare industry has taken on many challenges from which we can learn. The pandemic, among many other factors, has led to different organizational models, changes in innovation strategies, changes in production models, and transformations in occupational risk prevention. The healthcare industry has had to respond quickly to all this, with the development of vaccines, conversion of non-healthcare companies into healthcare-related companies, etc.
For this reason, the aim of this Special Issue is to understand how the biosocial transformations generated by the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic have affected this industrial sector. We are interested in knowing if innovations have been generated, if the pandemic has meant changes for companies, what challenges this sector has had to face, what consequences the pandemic has generated at an organizational level or even if it has implied transformations in communication or in the culture of healthcare companies. In this Special Issue, we want to bring together quality research from different perspectives: sociology, psychology, economics, marketing, business organization, business ethics, and so on, all from a healthcare perspective.
We expect to publish theoretical, qualitative inquiries, quantitative papers, and case studies on topics similar to the following and within the scope of the Special Issue:
  • Occupational risk prevention;
  • Relations between society and industry;
  • Internal changes in companies;
  • Analysis of economic transformations;
  • New internal and external communication strategies;
  • Changes in company culture;
  • Business ethics and COVID-19;
  • Future challenges of industry;
  • Sociology of the healthcare industry.
  • New needs of heathcare companies.
In this Special Issue, contributions should address the topic of the Special Issue and be an article, conceptual paper, or review.
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Dear Prof. Coca!
There is an ongoing international research project which might be of interest to YOU (coordinator: Prof. Gyöngyi Kovacs - the HUMLOG Institute, started in: 2020- till 2023):
Yours sincerely, Bulcsu Szekely
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I have recently completed a doctoral study about business ethics in the sharing economy. At the moment I am considering what to do next. That is why I am thinking of perhaps starting/forming a collaboration for writing an academic book about business ethics as it relates to blockchain. I am not an academic but rather a retired business person.
What do you think? Are you interested? Any recommendations?
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Good approach and I think it will be good academic papers
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It is well-known that universities are now able to benefit extensively from the collection of the increasing volumes of student information, for example, to better know the students and to enhance student success and academic performance (thus, reducing significantly the drop-out rates), by means of investing more and more in Big Data projects. BUT: What about the “privacy of personal information” and the way this information can and should be used for the betterment of the students?
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They are also using big data to target perspective on campus students. Once they know a student is potentially interested in attending, they can delve into their test scores, high school academic history, and other information to determine if a student is likely to succeed.
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In order to start a scientific career it is necessary to be involved in research projects and publications. How's that possible for an undergraduate student doing a masters degree in Business Ethics & Responsible Management planning on doing a PhD abroad? Unfortunately, I didn't have much access to information through my university so far.
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The best way always in this regard: "Read, Read, and Read".
To check for a good topic to read about, I suggest you do the following:
1. Choose a number of peer-reviewed research papers related to, say, business ethics, from Google Scholar or similar websites, not from any other source such as Google, etc.
2. Read these research papers and check for the research gaps from within such research. You may find these gaps under the subtitle, Future Research or similar subtitles.
3. Make sure that such gaps are not covered by recent research. That is, for the gap that you want to cover, read to the last current research in this regard to make sure that no other author(s) already conducted such research.
4. Then, go ahead and start preparing for your research, preferably using the Literature Review Matrix where you put a table showing authors, title, objectives, problem statement, variables, methodologies used, findings, etc. for each research paper selected. By the way, you may want to keep such relevant research papers to use them as references in your research.
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I am busy with my doctoral studies about the above topic. For my studies I need to interview people with knowledge about the sharing economy. I am looking for suggestions about where to find people. The interview will take about 30-45 minutes and people need to complete a short questionnaire.
Thank you
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Dear Johann Pieterse,
The questionnaire to be completed by people interested in these doctoral studies, i.e. related to the research conducted on the issues of business ethics in the sharing economy, can be posted on the Internet. You can then submit a request for this questionnaire on the Research Gate website and other internet portals. The request should encourage people interested in undertaking doctoral studies in the field of business ethics in the sharing economy to complete this questionnaire. I think there will be people willing to participate in these doctoral studies, because the issues are interesting and developmental.
Best regards,
Dariusz Prokopowicz
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What kind of scientific research dominate in the field of Ethics and good practices in business?
Please, provide your suggestions for a question, problem or research thesis in the issues: Ethics and good practices in business.
Please reply.
I invite you to the discussion
Best wishes
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Dear Raya Al-Naimi,
Yes, that's right. Ethics is a set of rules, written or unwritten, that can be of significant importance to consumers of products and services. If this is the case, then producers, service providers, traders take these issues into account in running their enterprises, companies, etc.
Thank you, Regards,
Dariusz Prokopowicz
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The improvement of specific risk management systems is particularly important in many areas of functioning of commercial business entities, financial institutions, public institutions as well as conducting investment, research and other projects.
How important is this is, for example, the global financial crisis that appeared in mid-September 2008, when specific financial, investment and credit risk management systems were not properly improved and the procedures of investment activity, including credit, were not carried out reliably, as well as customer service, and violation of business ethics in investment banks operating at the time and many other types of financial institutions and business entities.
please reply
Dear Colleagues and Friends from RG
The key aspects and determinants of applications of data processing technologies in Big Data database systems are described in the following publications:
I invite you to discussion and cooperation.
Thank you very much
Best wishes
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Dear Milan B. Vemić,
Thanks for the information on the webinar on big data collected on Big Data platforms and the processing of information collected in Big Data database systems. Thanks for the link to the YouTube video that addresses this issue.
Thank you very much,
Regards,
Dariusz Prokopowicz
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Dear Reader(s),
I wish to collect data from frontline workers in hospitals. Each time I read a published paper on the hospital industry, it includes an approval number for human participation.
I too working on an idea that will require me to collect data from frontline doctors and that's quite obvious that during the submission process in a journal, the journal will require me to submit an ethics statement. Therefore, kindly share your understanding of this query and guide me to deal with this matter.
Note: My participants belong to Pakistan's public and private hospitals and the study relies on a questionnaire survey (quantitative/time-lagged cross-sectional). Besides, no personal information will be revealed to anyone.
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It is mandatory to collect the Ethical Approval letter from your Institution before starting the data collection from the Physicians.
The same Ethical Clearance letter or Ethical sanction letter from the respective academic institutions or any Government offices are concerned about the cross-sectional survey jurisdiction.
This will help when go for publication.
The Editor used to ask this Ethical Approval letter along with your manuscript.
There are many formalities while you want to approach on Publications. Especially funding, Conflict of Interest or Competing Interest, Ethical Approval letter etc have to be submitted to the Editor.
You will be safe if you will submit Ethical issues certificate as well as to protect you if any questions raised by the third parties.
Mostly researchers who are publishing in Scopus Indexed Journals, Web of Science Journals are strictly following these procedures.
Hope you will get more answers from the RG users.
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The Principles of the GRI are:
Reporting Principles for defining report content
Stakeholder Inclusiveness
Sustainability Context
Materiality
Completeness
Reporting Principles for defining report quality
Accuracy
Balance
Clarity
Comparability
Reliability
Timeliness
They were created to help companies raise the quality of their non-financial reporting/sustainability reporting. Are there studies which use them or proxies related to them to measure the quality of the non-financial reporting/sustainability reporting in a qualitative and/or quantitative way?
Source for the GRI Principles
GRI 101: Foundation
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I quantitatively used it by analyzing the content of annual reports to determine the level of sustainability disclosure
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this is in regards to business ethics
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Not only is this possible but it is a moral responsibility. Business leaders, like all leaders, are role models. In their day-to-day activities, business leaders lay the foundation for the ethical culture of the organization. It does not end there, however. There is a ripple effect in that it thereby influences broader communities and society in general as well. Generally speaking, the larger the organization, the more impactful the business is on society.
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Dear all,
I would like to ask the following question and to have your feedback:
What are the moral qualities of a teacher?
Why is it important to teach values? Many thanks for your attention
Antonio Russo
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Нравственность – это совокупность личных норм и заповедей, принципов и убеждений, то, чем руководствуется человек при принятии решений. Они нарабатываются, т. е. формируются постепенно. Нравственность – это внешнее требование, ставшее внутренне необходимым императивом. "Этика нравственной личности индивидуальна, не регламентирована и абсолютна. Этика… надиндивидуальна, регламентирована и релятивная, поэтому нравственная личность не может безропотно подчиняться ей…" (Швейцер А.). Здесь очевидно несовпадение морали и нравственности. Мораль – модель идеального, должного поведения, в ее предписаниях выражен общий интерес данного сообщества людей. Для социума важно ее выживание, самосохранение. Отсюда и поощрение таких желаемых качеств, как милосердие, альтруизм и т. п. Мораль – это совокупность норм, выработанных определенным обществом для регулирования взаимоотношений между ее членами. Из того, что мораль и нравственность не совпадают, не следует что они независимы друг от друга и между ними нет связи. Мораль и нравственность взаимно обусловлены и взаимосвязаны. Моральные нормы являются ориентирами для нравственного выбора личности, соизмеряясь с которыми личность осуществляет свой выбор. Можно сказать, что нравственность – это сознательное и добровольное следование моральным требованиям.
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How did tobacco and soda companies employ Corporate Social Responsibility? In these industries, has CSR become a greenwashing tool?
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Hello,
Thank you very much for reading recommendations!
Tatiana King The findings of the study by Cai, Jo and Pan (2012) are interesting. Controversial industry managers in the United States regard CSR as important, even though they know their products are unhealthy.
Agostino Vollero I did not know your work. Yesterday I read your research and I will definitely cite it in my next works. Table 1 is very interesting! The research findings have theoretical and managerial implications.
Sudeep Debkumar I agree with you. Political interests must not come before social interests. These sectors are harmful to people's health.
Thank you Junghoon Park . I will check out the list of papers you suggested to me.
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It is natural that employees can have emotional effort as well as physical and cognitive effort. Emotional labor—the effort required to manage one's feelings or emotions at work—plays a significant part in many occupations.
Employees’ emotional efforts that are in harmony with business ethics can be defined as emotional labor. Evaluating emotional labor based on business ethics seeks to enable managers to reduce the negative consequences of emotional labor while preserving the positive ones.
Surface acting does not involve real feelings. It depends on fake emotional presentations. Therefore, surface acting can be evaluated as unethical emotional efforts. As a result, these fake emotional presentations can not be accepted as emotional labor.
Öngöre's findings (2019, 2020) showed that natural emotions do not cause emotional exhaustion (burnout), while surface acting causes emotional exhaustion. Meanwhile, natural feelings causes vigor and dedication (work engagement).
References:
Öngöre, Ö. (2016). A theoretical study about the place and value of emotional labor in working life, Atatürk University Journal of Economics & Administrative Sciences, 30(5), 1161-1177.
Öngöre, Ö. (2019). Determining the Effect of Emotional Labor on Work Engagement: Service-Sector Employees in Private Enterprises. Turkish Journal of Business Ethics, 12(1), 126-134.
Öngöre, Ö. (2020). Evaluating emotional labor: A new approach. Global Business and Organizational Excellence, 39, (4):35–44.
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The question in this discussion is how emotional labor can be defined appropriate to positive nature of it without any negativity.
Thank you for you interest.
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According to what methodological assumptions should ethics principles shaping advertising activity on the Internet be developed?
Certain principles of the ethics of advertising on the Internet should be developed, recognized and applied by companies, internet technology concerns operating in advertising. The principles of ethics in the conduct of marketing activities, including the implementation of specific advertising campaigns, the creation of specific advertising instruments should be developed taking into account the expectations of consumers of the products and services advertised.
The application of ethics in advertising through online technology companies operating in advertising should lead to improvement of the standards of advertising campaigns carried out, including to improve the image of both advertising companies conducting specific advertising campaigns on the Internet and improving the image of other entities involved in marketing.
Therefore, also producers and service providers of advertised products and services may also notice an increase in financial revenues resulting from the increase in sales of the advertised offer in a situation where the receipt of advertisements, specific spots, films, banner ads will improve from the point of view of the costumers.
In addition, the principles of ethics in advertising should reduce the risk of producing advertising spots with banners and advertising films that will be negatively perceived by consumers that will contain content that is inappropriate, unethical, violating the principles of good taste, defined moral and social, cultural, etc. canons.
Do you agree with me on the above matter?
In the context of the above issues, I am asking you the following question:
According to what methodological assumptions should ethics principles shaping advertising activity on the Internet be developed?
Please reply
I invite you to the discussion
Thank you very much
Best wishes
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Privacy... Antón, A. I., Earp, J. B., & Young, J. D. (2010). How internet users' privacy concerns have evolved since 2002. IEEE Security & Privacy, 8(1), 21-27.
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Researchers know that titles in Web of Science/Scopus indexed and/or listed in ABDC/ABS ranking ensures minimum standard for quality. But even top journals are subject to concern/suppression in the JCR reports whenever wrong practices, excessive self-citation etc. are followed (Ex. Journal of Business Ethics, IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity etc.)
As young researcher/academic what additional parameters (not any metrics)be considered or suggestions before submitting manuscripts to journals ?
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Dear Arjun R. for a young researcher / academic it s certainly not easy to judge the quality of a journal. I always urge my students to regularly read a good number of journals in our field to get an idea about the quality of the articles published in these journals. Reading articles yourself is the most important requirement for becoming an expert in your field. When it come to choosing a journal to publish your own work my advice would be to always adhere to established publishers like Elsevier, Springer, Wiley, Taylor & Francis etc. That way you can avoid stepping into the traps of predatory journals which are only interested in your money. In contrast, most of the journals published by respected publishers do not ask for publication fees or articles processing charges etc. Always choose a journal with an impact factor so that your paper will be read worldwide and eventually cited by other researchers.
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I believe the statement: "Controlling greed in the face of unrestricted profit opportunities" as a definition for Business Ethics was attributed to Peter Drucker.
I was recently reading about the two men (brothers) in Tennesee in the USA who stockpiled over 17,000 hand sanitizers, accused of price gouging and how they were 'forced' to donate them.
Is it possible to be a successful wealthy capitalist without being greedy? Can I become a billionaire without greed? In the words of Gorden Gecko: "Greed is good". Is it?
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Also controlling the negative impact on environment in the face of profit opportunities
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Have the procedures for the development of reports and recommendations by the rating agencies already been improved compared to the situation before the global financial crisis of 2008?
Are the reports and recommendations issued by the rating agencies more honestly developed, in accordance with the principles of business ethics, have the procedures for their development and the objective information policy been improved and still function as before the global financial crisis of 2008?
Please reply
I invite you to the discussion
Thank you very much
Best wishes
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Credit rating agencies have come under increased scrutiny since the financial crisis. Their failure to recognise the threats to the financial system prior to the crisis coupled with their steady downgrading of European sovereign debt has led to much criticism, especially from European politicians and economists.... This examines the major agencies' influence, independence and performance and explores whether a publicly funded European agency would improve the situation... Tichy, G., Lannoo, K., Ap Gwilym, O., Alsakka, R., Masciandaro, D., & Paudyn, B. (2011). Credit rating agencies: Part of the solution or part of the problem?. Intereconomics, 46(5), 232-262.
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The consequences of COVID19 may create famine across the globe. More specifically in underdeveloped or least developing countries.
Few unethical business practices may occur such as warehousing, price hiking, artificial supply shortage etc.
Please share your opinions (Actual and expected ethical business practices) based on your own country's present ethical business practices during the tragedy of COVID19 calamity.
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the main ethic required to face this problem is to adhere of system within country whether educational system or social system
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I would like to find out about validated questionnaires on Ethics. My research is on Ethics in the Coaching profession and would like to compare my questionnaire to a validated questionnaire in a similar field like: business ethics, ethics in psychology or counseling.
Please provide any ideas or samples if available
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Thank you Santosh!
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In my Business Ethics class, we were having a discussion about what type of people will make better citizens: Ethical people or Law-abiding people. The Discussion was very interesting and I was wonder what your view is on the matter.
We also looked are the possibility of ethical citizens not always being law-abiding...
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Respected Olutayo Kadmiel Osunsan. It seems that these discussions are universal, in my classes we also discuss these problems very frequently. I will express no opinion on this topic, very controversial and with which many people do not agree. A citizen who acts from well-defined moral values ​​is the one who would most respect the law. This type of citizen will assume the law as a natural process of a social nature. The law is mandatory, violating it means committing a crime that can mean being imprisoned. This type of action is preceded by a fact that ends in the repression in case of breaking the law. Nevertheless; acting by values, by convictions, by motivational levers is a significantly social way of assuming life in society, which includes respect for the law. It cannot be forgotten that man is a cultural being, eminently social and the law is a reflection of social relations and expression of the interests of the classes that are in power. That is why ethical action in the face of life is the type of citizen with real potential to develop any society. In my opinion, we can continue to discuss this issue in future exchanges. Thank you.
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To create a sustainable future, innovations are needed that integrate socio-ethical issues. Responsible innovation provides a method for managing these issues, and tries to ensure that innovation is conducted for and with society. The application of responsible innovation in industry contexts, where many of these innovations are developed, is limited by challenges related to dominant business logics, stakeholder management problems and resource constraints. Open innovation is an approach more commonly employed within industry contexts, which involves activities that overlap with responsible innovation dimensions and practices. This means that open innovation could represent a way to integrate the management of socio-ethical factors into industry contexts in a less disruptive and costly way. I would like to discuss opportunities and barriers to integrate both concepts. We have written a first exploratory article on this topic (see attachment), but I would like to learn from other viewpoints and also other disciplines, as much more conceptual and empirical work is needed.
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dear Yanica, thanks for your contribution. this is indeed great, although I am included to separate CSR and RI (see attach). but this may definitely be an interesting avenue for further research.
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The concept of sustainable business models contains a paradox, because sustainability involves the reduction of information asymmetries, whereas entrepreneurship involves enhanced and secured levels of information asymmetries. I have written an article on this topic (see attachment) but I would like to discuss this issue with others to learn other viewpoints, solutions and strategies. all feedback is welcome
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ok Wonjae, great, but I guess that today's societal issues like global warming, but also new disruptive technologies like AI need more societal consideration as well. and there the paradox appears, because in order to become debatable, companies should at least try to reduce information asymmetries. but thanks for your engagement anyway. vincent
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Today, we are living in a world where technological advances are happening in a pace which has been unprecedented in the entire history. Various technologies and industrial innovations are transforming how humans interact with their environment and with each other.
So, How do you define morality in today's world? What role does it play in our interactions with these new advancements in technology? And most importantly, will it be forgotten in the future or will it be salvational?
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Morality is an attitude of always doing what is right.
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I'm looking for case studies involving ethics and business leadership. I will need to dissect collateral situations, problems, issues, etc. I have no problem analyzing this, but I'm looking for "contemporary" cases, not old history. I also do not want to discuss ongoing, current situations.
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I have this case study, could you help please?
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What kind of scientific research dominate in the field of Ethics of banking procedures, Corporate social responsibility?
Please, provide your suggestions for a question, problem or research thesis in the issues: Ethics of banking procedures, Corporate social responsibility.
An example of a research problem to consider:
What role in generating in the investment banking the main risk factors that led to the emergence of the global financial crisis in autumn 2008 was played by unreliable banking procedures and violations of business ethics? Why were these issues not settled and the costs of public aid for bankers rescued from bankruptcy were transferred to society? In view of the above, is a strong banking lobby responsible for unreliable banking procedures and violations of business ethics?
Please reply.
I invite you to the discussion
Thank you very much
Best wishes
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Dariusz Prokopowicz Nice question
I agreed with Juan Manuel Montero Peña that the answer will be spited in 2 part Adheem Naeem
1st Ethic in banking procedure:
As banks are commercial entities working for profits & the staff has there target-KRA ~ incentive corresponding to the targets such situtation can occur. Additionally banker cant afford to loss large institutional or HNI clients thus th procudere might be at stake.
2nd for CSR thought kindly refer my project & allied paper
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give a comment and view that there must be or should be CSR policy for Educational Institute as specially private/Self-Finance.
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No there is no need of CSR activities in School and Colleges but they must creat awareness about CSR or get CSR add on means provide support to profit making enterprise for CSR activities
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Investigating the economies of countries in which the social market economy develops in the political system of democracy, economy open to international economic cooperation, knowledge-based economy and technological development, economy in which an important element of the host development is effective shaping of pro-development socio-economic policy and sustainable pro-ecological development, an economy in which various types of commercial enterprises and public institutions are developing, including social economic entities, the issue of effective socio-economic development may be observance of the principles of ethics and high moral standards.
In view of the above, I am asking you:
Can economic policy conducted in accordance with the principles of ethics and high moral standards be the basis for the country's economic success?
Please reply
Best wishes
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Yes, for example, the mortgage that shook the United States and caused a major shake-up in world stock exchanges in 2008 and the aftermath of several years
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Is it true and ethical that consumers have to ask their doctors to prescribe particular medicines or particular brands?
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Yes it is, but as pharmaceutical products are like double edge sword which require art of weighing of benefits vs risk so less likely.
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The first question indicates towards experience of an individual as an employee and his/her interactions with a peer, senior, boss, or the organization (norms/rules/regulations) itself.
The second question indicates to share various factors that contribute building the perception of employees.
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According to Robbins and Judge (2009) the following is list of what management can do to create a more ethical organizational culture. They suggest a combination of the following practices:
  1. Be a role model and be visible. Your employees look to the behavior of top management as a model of what’s acceptable behavior in the workplace. When senior management is observed (by subordinates) to take the ethical high road, it sends a positive message for all employees.
  2. Communicate ethical expectations. Ethical ambiguities can be reduced by creating and disseminating an organizational code of ethics. It should state the organization’s primary values and the ethical rules that employees are expected to follow. Remember, however, that a code of ethics is worthless if top management fails to model ethical behaviors.
  3. Offer ethics training. Set up seminars, workshops, and similar ethical training programs. Use these training sessions to reinforce the organization’s standards of conduct, to clarify what practices are and are not permissible, and to address possible ethical dilemmas.
  4. Visibly reward ethical acts and punish unethical ones. Performance appraisals of managers should include a point-by-point evaluation of how his or her decisions measure up against the organization’s code of ethics. Appraisals must include the means taken to achieve goals as well as the ends themselves. People who act ethically should be visibly rewarded for their behavior. Just as importantly, unethical acts should be punished.
  5. Provide protective mechanisms. The organization needs to provide formal mechanisms so that employees can discuss ethical dilemmas and report unethical behavior without fear of reprimand. This might include creation of ethical counselors, ombudsmen, or ethical officers.
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1. Intra-personal level (or individual level)
2. Inter-personal level (e.g., peer level, subordinate level, boss/supervisor level, and organization level)
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Thank you Gopi for sharing this with me. From my (long) working experience in four continents I can say that indeed responsibility for the things you do, say or 'share' is a key factor. In addition, a full understanding of the culture, practices and morality of the people you interact with is another key factor. Furthermore, I would argue that respect is yet another key factor, independent on what the 'other side' says, thinks or does.
Best wishes,
Jan
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In its discussion of ethics in organizations, Weber rescues two approaches to ethics - that of conviction and responsibility.
The ethic of conviction is interpreted as one that is based on principles and is based on moral and ideal norms. Its justification is due to universal duties, norms and values.
The ethics of responsibility is based on purpose and utilitarianism between purposes and consequences.
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Ethics on code of conduct should be entrenched in companies that want to thrive in the domain of influence. Ethical code of conduct is key to any organization's overall performance.
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Academic dishonesty has been called "a plague and a crisis" and Business School students are apparently worse than all other college and university students in terms of their cheating behavior. Which schools are doing well at changing student behaviors -- or is the issue not considered important? Only one-third of AACSB-accredited business schools even teach a stand-alone Business Ethics course but more than 40% of the top 100 US Business School deans acknowledge that their faculty are unprepared and unqualified to teach ethics "across the curriculum." What's working? Which schools are making a difference . . . and how are they positively affecting student attitudes?
CC
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Hi dear Colleague,
First of all, Obviously, I want toI thank you for raising the ethical issue in the university sphere, that has remained unresolved in our universities.
The question of academia's ethics have been very little discussed.
According to me, what you qualify as "academic dishonesty" or "pestilence and crisis" not reflect the reality of the university disaster. I think there is a deep problem in academicians values system ​​and ethics in the university sphere. This bitter reality leads to the development of what I just called a "Scientific Mafia" in universities. Lobbying, calculation and loss of principles and academic values ​​to the detriment of personal interest concern. The lobby of chief editors of the scientific journals is one of the facets of the "Scientific Mafia". also, groups of academic interest seeking international funded projects are also another facet of this scientific Mafia. Therefore, how do you expect students to behave ethically, if their teachers have unethical behavior?
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Thirty months ago I thought I would retire and focus on writing. In that time I have worked with many students and co-authored many papers with them to help them in their careers. In fact, in that time I have had forty papers published in academic journals and haIve written five books. I also realized that I had much more to contribute
teaching in the classroom. My PhD was in Organization Behavior and Human Resources and I have published extensively in Business Ethics and Leadership. I would be willing to go virtually anywhere in the world and have taught in Oman, Vietnam, and New Zealand. Any suggestions?
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Dear Cam,
Based on what you write, it seems that you are eminently qualified to teach and that you have expertise in areas that are in great demand in business schools around the world. In particular, ethics and leadership have risen in prominence in recent years. Once you have decided which countries you prefer, make direct contact with people at business schools in those countries.
Best of luck, I hope you get want you want.
John
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A business phenomena / practice of disposing unsold new product before even usage starts has gained attention lately. Clothing giants like H&M and Burberry have been burning new clothes. Burberry though, promised to abandon this practice. Similarly, Amazon (in Germany) has found to destroy returned unused goods. This unsustainable practice seems to be rather widely used. Is there any academic literature, including interesting empirics, case studies, theorising that has been done to research this phenomena?
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The important phenomenon to which this query refers can be approached from the angle of "reverse logistics", which is the process of moving unsold (or defective) goods from their typical final destination—back up the supply chain—for the purpose of capturing value, repairing, recycling, or proper disposal. In literature, an early use of the term was in "Reverse Logistics: White Paper", (Stock, 1992) published by the Council of Logistics Management. The number of publications on the topic has since increased significantly, as a search on Google Scholar demonstrates. (Of course, concern for sustainability are, ever more, associated with reverse logistics.)
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Dear All Researchers, This is a new scam. be aware of it. Do not pay them 1$.
Also i wonder why they are doing it? we research community in my humble opinion are regarded in terms of caring of customer info, but scammers are also targeting this.
Anyone doing research on these type of scammers? how to avoid them? this is a totally new technique.
Technique in a scenes, they will not send you an email. It will popup on your browser, while you are searching something.
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Well, it's upon you to protect yourself.
There will always be people either just crossing the line or directly trying to rob you.
They might be doing it for money directly, i.e. to collect these bucks one by one from as many people as they can. They can also be trying to rob you of your sensitive data, or to compromise your computer. They would then sell the data or access to the computer to others, who make big bucks on it.
There is no such thing as a lunch for free. Do not believe any of them ads and when you see them popping up on your screen, do the only reasonable thing - hit "Esc" or quit the browser, if it does not help. Do not touch anything in the popped-up window. Remember, do not touch it. Just kill it by any means.
Last, but not least, enable pop-up window blocking, disable tracing of your activity, disable Java script (you can always enable it on specific pages you deem secure), and install ad-blocker from a trusted source. If you wish to do even more, use some sort of safe browser, such as Tor.
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Most academic journals seem to focus on arcane topics and business ethics journals have apparently gone in that direction. Henry Mintzberg, the highly respected management scholar, suggests that most academic articles published in journals do not pass the "Bill and Barbara Test." (Note: Bill and Barbara are two practitioners to whom he referred academic papers and asked them to comment as to whether those papers had any practical value. See the attached.)
The Journal of Business Ethics used to publish many papers about applied business ethics but under the new editors that journal seems to be more elitist and theoretical in its focus.
Do we need a new Journal of Applied Business Ethics? The Gallup Survey data indicates that trust in leaders of all types is low and that employees rarely have confidence in their leaders anymore.
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Check with Dr. Adrian Doss from the University of West Alabama for assistance, he is very good.
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Dear All
Would you provide me with a framework or model for manual qualitative analysis for business ethics research?
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Dear Waleed
Please refer to:
Information Management Model for Intellectual Capital of HEIs in Oman: Theoretical Quantitative Approach and Practical Results. J. of Information and Knowledge Management, 2018, Vol. 17, No. 1, pp.1-38. (World Scientific).
· HEIs Quality Improvement Through Students and Academic Staff’s Perception: Data Analysis and Robustness of the Results. International Journal for Quality Research, 2017, Vol.11, No.2, pp.261-278.
· Al-Farahidi Performative model to assess HEIs. 4th OQNHE Conference 2017, pp.1-15.
· A Framework for Fostering the Quality of HEIs: Data Collection, Evaluation, Indication and Validation. Int. J. of Quality and Innovation, Vol.3, No.1, pp.42-66 (Inderscience ).
Regards,
Zuhair
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Why or why not?
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As we have all seen too many times, it is about the money and power that is linked to the money. Unfortunately few companies place the welfare of their employees above the bottom line of profit/loss. It is also so well known that employees will be one of the things impacted by down-sizing or automation.
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How to simultaneously take into account the environmental, social and economic value of a product during its design?
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Dear Gwenola
Please check the following streams of research of the problem you mentioned:
1. Investigation of direct link between sustainable and economic value in the "integrated reporting" research, for instance:
Maniora J (2017) Is Integrated Reporting Really the Superior Mechanism for the Integration of Ethics into the Core Business Model? An Empirical Analysis. Journal of Business Ethics (2017) 140:755–786
2. Investigation of "innovative Local David vs Global Goliath competition" in sustainable values (my favorite, because (1) they use meanings to explain innovations and (2) make the knowledge about the local sustainable values important)
Hokerts K (2009) Greening Goliaths versus Emerging Davids – Theorizing about the Role of Incumbents and New Entrants in Sustainable Entrepreneurship. WORKING PAPER NO. 01-2009, CBS Center for Corporate Social Responsibility, CBS Working Paper Series, 1-44.
3. Experiments in how sustainable values affect consumers perceptions
Lundqvist, A., Liljander, V., Gummerus, J. and van Riel, A. (2013), “The impact of storytelling on the consumer brand experience: the case of a firm-originated story”, Journal of Brand Management 20, 283-297 (February/March 2013), doi:10.1057/bm.2012.15
There are more streams of research of the problem in question.
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Third party access concerns users of energy infrastructure. It is established under european guidelines in order to enhance competition and energy security in Europe.
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I need your opinions on the subject.
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Green Management is an initiative aiming at continuously improving the foundation of environmental management, such as the development of personnel responsible for environmental activities, environmental managementsystems, and environmental communication as well as conservation of biodiversity.
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one key criterion is Higher number of good research publication from institute .Getting higher research publication in best journals, is a long time taking and gradual process ?
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I think a great read on the effect of university rankings on institutional practices is by Wendy Espeland and co-author, see their newest book Engines of Anxiety: Academic Rankings, Reputation, and Accountability (with Michael Sauder). It's a huge study of how ranking of law schools in the US affects their practices, also taking into account differences in the reputation of the institutions. Many of the findings could be relevant for other cases of HE league tables, depending on the stakes these rankings have. For law schools the stakes turn to be very high, as the research explains.
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I am associate professor in Vinod Gupta School of management IIT kharagpur India. In IIT we are running NPTEL MOOC courses . Can we make comparative analysis?. My area of specialization are OB, HR, HR analytics, competency mapping, performance management, business ethics and leadership
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We can collaborate by adopting the ( Ambidexterity strategies and digital leadership)
Best regards
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I'm trying to develop a research topic that evaluates the influence organizational culture has on accounting ethics in fraudulent and non-fraudulent banking institutions. I was told by my department chair, organizational culture can not be measured. So, the topic need to be modified. Any suggestions? 
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The ethical decisions of auditing and accounting are affected by organizational culture and ethical culture. Considering that the ethical ideology of people is affected by their religion and culture, therefore it can play an important role in configuration of ethical judgment of everyone. In fact, ethical values, attitude and behavioral evolution are affected by culture. The research carried out on development of ethics in accounting professions implies that there are “systematic features in this profession that control individuals’ ethics and prevent the remaining of people in higher levels of ethical growth”. I recommend that you identify these systemic features.
Herron, T. L. and D. L. Gilbertson: 2004, ‘Ethical Principles vs. Ethical Rules: The Moderating Effect of Moral Development on Audit Independence Judgments’, Business Ethics Quarterly 14(3), 499–523.
Keller (2007). Do gender, educational level, religiosity and work experience affect the ethical decision making of U.S. accountants? Critical Perspectives on Accounting 18: 299-314.
Douglas, P. C., Davidson, R. A., & Schwartz, B. N. (2001). The effect of organizational culture and ethical orientation on
Sweeney, B., Arnold, D., & Pierce, B. (2010). The impact of perceived ethical culture of the firm and demographic variables on auditors’ ethical evaluation and intention to act decisions. Journal of Business Ethics, 93(4), 531–551.
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In which american newspaper I can publish my study:Sundial of the Big Apple City?
Many newspapers in NY just ignore my proposed note.
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Dear Nurtraev,
If you are looking for an American newspaper to reach Americans, I would just publish it somewhere else and with the impact it may cause, you will surely be read in New York and have some more doors opened. 
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Can anyone let me know how excessive pay may affect directors performance, please help.
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Dear Vergil,
Thank you very much for the interesting links, I noticed in the articles that Corporate social responsibility may also affect directors performance any contribution in respect. opinion, journals, case study would be very helpful.
Regards,
Celeste. 
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Assuming an upcoming researcher is given a research job aside his area of specialization what is the implication of accepting the offer? Although the researcher will be able to perform excellently in the study or research activity is it ethically allowed? 
For instance I was given a qualitative study to compile in Accounting  using content analysis, I practically accepted to do that with the mind that as a researcher I am suppose to be versatile- just hope I did the right thing.
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Absolutely agree with Hemlata, above; and with Peter, that researchers "..do stuff.."---with the aim of consolidating, and sometimes furthering knowledge in their field; otherwise, there's no point "..doing stuff..".
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Kindly recommend me a scale for measuring social reputation of an employee at his workplace
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I think, there is big difference between the two terms: social reputation and academic social media! so do you mean the second term in your question? since we are all academic researcher in the RG platform and very far way from pure social interaction like other non academic social media!
Regards, Emad
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I have a project I recently completed that requires an outlet for publication. The project was not funded and we have expended so much of our personal resources to bring it this far.
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I am actually looking for open access journals where I will not have to pay publications fees to publish in not ones I can access for reading or research purposes.
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The relationship between Corporate Social Responsibility and Stakeholder. What for? Is it related to Business Ethics?
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Very simply answer: Stakeholders are THE most neglected factor in (project) success.
Look at the 'Brent Spa' incident or the 'Knock Nevis' or even the Batillus class ships. Failure to incorporate Stakeholder's perception is crucial.
While it makes sense from a business point of view, engaging with your Stakeholders is nothing but CSR in itself. Please see below for references.
Kind Regards
Roland
Branco, M., Rodrigues, L.L., 2007. Positioning stakeholder theory within the debate on corporate social responsibility. Electronic Journal of Business Ethics and Organization Studies 12, 5–15.
Crane, A., Matten, D., Spence, L.J. (Eds.), 2014. Corporate social responsibility: readings and cases in a global context, 2nd ed. ed. Routledge, London ; New York, NY.
Harrison, J.S., Wicks, A.C., 2013. Stakeholder Theory, Value, and Firm Performance. Business Ethics Quarterly 23, 97–124.
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I'm interested in this topic, CEO and/or corporate activism. For example, Google, Facebook and other tech giants publicly speaking against Trump's Mexico wall, or Airbnb saying that it will offer free housing for refugees and other people in case they are in danger...
More examples: Patagonia with their fight against climate change, or its CEO, Rose Marcario, who is pretty concerned publicly about this subject and speaks a lot about the DAPL.
There is a lot of articles in Harvard Business and other media sites regarding this topic, but I can't find a lot of scientific research about pros/cons for the reputation of the company, etc. I guess it's a very new concept since traditionally the private sector and CEOs have remained outside issues that affect the public sector or that do not directly concern their businesses, but I'd love to hear from you if you know any sources! Thanks in advance!
Here are some of the articles, news and statemets from companies that I found:
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You might want to look also at neighbouring fields, such as brand activism. Particularly, boycotting, culture jamming, anti-branding...
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In studying the relationship of corporate governance and public confidence in a firm, are the number of board members, their composition, and equity holding of the directors enough to increase or reduce public confidence in the financial statements of a firm? Must examination of other corporate governance indices be carried out to determine public confidence?
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Dear Grace,
I suggest these papers for your research:
Botosan, C. A. (1997). Disclosure level and the cost of equity capital. Accounting review, 323-349.
Chen, S., DeFond, M. L., & Park, C. W. (2002). Voluntary disclosure of balance sheet information in quarterly earnings announcements. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 33(2), 229-251.
Francis, J. R., Khurana, I. K., & Pereira, R. (2005). Disclosure incentives and effects on cost of capital around the world. The Accounting Review, 80(4), 1125-1162.
Lopes, A. B., & de Alencar, R. C. (2010). Disclosure and cost of equity capital in emerging markets: The Brazilian case. The International Journal of Accounting, 45(4), 443-464.
Souissi, M., & Khlif, H. (2012). Meta-analytic review of disclosure level and cost of equity capital. International Journal of Accounting & Information Management, 20(1), 49-62.
Botosan, C. A. (2006). Disclosure and the cost of capital: what do we know?. Accounting and business research, 36(sup1), 31-40.
Poshakwale, S., & Courtis, J. K. (2005). Disclosure level and cost of equity capital: evidence from the banking industry. Managerial and Decision Economics, 26(7), 431-444.
Bravo Urquiza, F., Abad Navarro, M. C., & Trombetta, M. (2012). Disclosure strategies and cost of capital. Managerial and decision economics, 33(7-8), 501-509.
Best wishes
Anna
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In order to reach the widest audience possible - I am considering as part of my research project to write it at a level that would be at a Grade 8/9  Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level. This will be a significant challenge, however, it might make it easier to understand for key stakeholders or interested parties outside the world of academia? 
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Thanks David and Yeda for your links - regards Simon 
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Hello, 
I would like to ask you, whether you think McDonald's is a good example of CSR in the gastronomy industry? I wrote an interesting article, in my opinion, but one reviewer found that McDonald's is a bad example. I do not agree with his opinion and I would like to take your advice, or maybe someone would like to read my article and express my opinion before I giving it to the review again.
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Thank you, Dear Fatima,
Very interesting article. I agree that we should not promote their products, but many people around the world eat there.
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I saw where you are interested in sharing your living systems framework with other researchers.  I am using that framework in my work with educational and other human systems such as health care and business ethics.  Could you email me privately (bmccombs@du.edu) to discuss your work and applications of this framework?  Thanks much!
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The DVUSD Continuous Improvement Journey is one of alignment and integration. Beginning with the Strategic Plan and guided by the Baldrige Framework, the district and schools draft Organizational Profiles that highlight details such as student-centered processes, programs, and information regarding our skilled workforce. The Organizational Profile also hosts the mission and vision statements, as well as the core values that define the DVUSD community. To ensure that continuous improvement is at the forefront of all decisions, Deer Valley seeks out feedback from external organizations that can lead to action. In our quest for effective and efficient process improvements, in which students receive the optimal education, Deer Valley employs the AdvancED protocols to maintain district-wide accreditation.
Deer Valley's Strategic Plan is the framework to focus and align our work through 2018. Thus, the entire Deer Valley organization will be positioned to ensure we are fulfilling the mission and achieving the vision of graduating life-long learners to successfully compete, lead, and positively impact the world.
Throughout the 2016-2017 school year, DVUSD will be gathering input from all stakeholders in support of refining our core values and strategic plan. We will examine ways to refine, refocus, and recommit to our district’s key strategic objectives. Continuous improvement is a journey, not an event. Deer Valley supports all employees in the implementation of continuous improvement principles aligned to the Strategic Plan. These principles are embedded throughout the organization through a variety of supports, including quarterly feedback for improvement plans. These CI efforts have been included within our historical story, Our Journey, in which our core values and priorities are portrayed.  Our Journey to Extraordinary. 
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IF the public procurement contract has been enforced or performed a half, the"out "contractor charge there was a bribery in open bidding process,then is this public procurement contract is ineffective? Or <Restatement of contract> is applicable to public procurement contract?
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Over the course of many years, the Asian Development Bank has developed and refined a set of procurement guidelines, available in several languages (including Chinese) at https://www.adb.org/documents/procurement-guidelines. The purpose is to inform those carrying out projects that are financed in whole or in part by loans from ADB, ADB-financed grants, or ADB-administered funds, but the of the guidelines are state-of-the-art and should be of interest to anyone with interest in procurement.
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Sustainability Research Group (SRG) is contributing a chapter to a book on Corporate Governance to be published by Emerald.
If you have a background in corporate governance and interested to contribute to the chapter, please apply. The researcher is expected to contribute two prominent case studies to the chapter.
To apply, please send your CV to the following email with the title “Contribution: Corporate Governance”.
GSRN2030(at)gmail.com
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Dear Daniel,
I gather you are suggesting to publish it in a journal, in which case we have a project on the same topic in a journal planned for 2017-18.
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Dear Researchers,
I would like to know whether any US law (federal level or state level law) affects supplier's credit i.e. trade credit. For example, European competition law has some provisions that affect supplier credit. However, my interest is in US law. Thank you for your time.
Sincerely,
Masud
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Hi,
You might be interested by this paper:
Financial Contracting and Organizational Form: Evidence from the Regulation of Trade Credit
Journal of Financefebruary 2017, (pages 291–324)
EMILY BREZA and ANDRES LIBERMAN
Best regards
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Dear respectful professors and Researchers,
We know that median is more recommended as a central measure because it forgets about the extreme data. Does this mean that we must forget about the mean?In other words, is there a situation that we prefer to continue using mean as a central tendency measure even for skewed data?
We can see this from another point of view:
May there be some situations that deleting extreme data(judgments)-using median instead of mean- is not recommended?
(If not we can say mean is dead)
Best
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Dear Ali
Yes. Median is preferable particularly when you have some extreme low and high values in the data distribution. When this is the case, the median is a better measure of central tendency than the mean.
You seem very interested to use the mean.  You can proceed to use the mean if the skewness test gives you a value close to zero, indicating no skewness, if the skewness test gives you zero, then you can rely on the mean. You can run the skewness test easily in excel spreadsheet using the formular at the top ribbon.
Hope this helps
Regards
Peterson
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For my doctoral study, I am developing a composite index to measure the process of implementing Global Business/Corporate Citizenship. I need a couple of volunteers to validate that the questions I constructed for my survey instrument are relevant, reasonable, unambiguous, and clear.
If you are willing to read the below 23 questions and provide some quick feedback, I would be eternally grateful! For feedback purposes, I included descriptions of the constructs I am trying to measure. You can contact me at Linda.Sanner@waldenu.edu or reply in this forum.
Thanks for your help,
Linda Sanner
Proposed Survey Questions:
Q1. I am familiar with the concept of global business or corporate citizenship.
VALUE RELATED QUESTIONS (development of corporate values in a code of conduct)
Companies that demonstrate that they are business/corporate citizens:
Q2. Have a written code of conduct and policies that reflect the company’s principles/values.
Q3. Have a written code of conduct and policies that govern their conduct everywhere they operate around the globe.
Q4. Have a written code of conduct and policies that reflect a high degree of ethical standards.
Q5. Have a written code of conduct and policies that reflect universally acceptable human values (such as those identified by the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights).
Q6. Provide their employees with an in-depth understanding of the rationale underlying the company principles and /or values.
IMPLEMENTATION QUESTIONS (implementation of values/code of conduct at local levels)
Companies that demonstrate that they are business/corporate citizens:
Q7. Have employees who are aware of the company principles and/or values.
Q8. Identify, map, and assess their stakeholders.
Q9. Have ongoing dialogue with stakeholders, which inform the decision making of both the company and its stakeholders.
Q10. Implement local variations of their principles/values based on local customs, culture, norms, or national standards.
Q11. Engage local employees and stakeholders in establishing local variations of company principles/values to meet local customs, culture, norms, or national standards.
Q12. Empower local employees to establish local variations of company principles/values to meet local customs, culture, norms, or national standards.
Q13. Provide support and guidance on what employees should do when the local culture demands adaptation of company principles/values.
ANALYSIS QUESTIONS (analysis of problem areas and experimentation with creative and practical solutions to remediate conflicts)
Companies that demonstrate that they are business/corporate citizens:
Q14. Analyze cases in which local customs or norms seem to conflict with company overarching principles/values.
Q15. Have employees at corporate headquarters devise experiments to test ways to integrate overarching principles/values at the local level with respect for local culture.
Q16. Engage local employees and stakeholders to analyze and experiment with ways to integrate overarching principles/values at the local level with respect for local culture.
Q17. Empower local managers to work with local stakeholders to analyze and experiment with ways to integrate overarching principles/values at the local level with respect for local culture.
LEARNING QUESTIONS (learning from the previous steps and teaching local managers and other firms to differentiate situations and apply appropriate solutions)
Companies that demonstrate that they are business/corporate citizens:
Q18. Involve all employees in ethical training.
Q19. Have a formal, systematic process to organize and communicate organizational performance to facilitate learning within the organization.
Q20. Have a formally structured knowledge bank, available to everyone in the company, where employees can enter tacit knowledge, questions, and lessons learned.
Q21. Institutionalize lessons learned into policies, practices, and behaviors.
Q22. Routinely analyze their principles/values and change their guidelines when it becomes apparent that aspects cannot be reasonably implemented, or should no longer stand as guiding principles.
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Linda,
Please see attached a template of my 2012 survey tool. Hope this helps.
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I am thinking about doing research on ethos (morality) of entrepreneurship in some region in Poland. It would be great to make some comparison with similar researches and get to know the best matching methodology.
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Robert, 
As you know, nobody claims that I'm an unethical person! So measuring unethical behavior is something impossible using a questionnaire. I recommend you to adopt this scale of Justification of unethical behavior comprising "Displacement of responsibility", "Diffusion of responsibility" and "Attribution of Blame." 
Good luck with your research
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In recent years, there has been growing concern about the growth of what is called either 'bogus' or 'false' self-employment across many governments in Europe and beyond. I am interested to find out whether any research has been conducted on this issue.
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Interposed entities in Australia are covered in my thesis 'Miners' Motivation'.  The practice received a lot of attention in Australia in the 1980s.  It might be worth a look at the thesis.
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Do you have any insights into this topic? Case studies of companies, best practices? I am trying to set up a research group on this topic around the following conceptual core: "Milton Friedman consacrated an understanding of the relationship between ethics and business eventually known as 'The Separation Thesis', the main tenet thereof is that business decisions have no moral content, moral decisions have no business content. This view has been mainstream in management theory and practice for decades, yet it is being increasingly challenged from many sides. This research line aims at taking stock of recent developments in cognitive sciences, economics, sociology, philosophy, organization studies, and corporate responsibility that point to the manifold ways in which ethics and business are actually embedded. Building on this, it is our purpose to delve into the question, how ethics is driving innovation in every aspects of business, including strategy, organizational design, product, decision making processes, and culture".
If you are interested, please get in contact withme
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Some writers in link attached, wrote about business ethics, good practices in some areas. Maybe it will be mean something.
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There's this very hot topic about trained versus non-trained interpreters. Do you have any examples coming from your own country regarding any unfortunate happenings because of the lack of certified interpreters? or a poor quality job done by non-trained interpreters? 
Should own capabilities/experience be enough or substitute the need of training programmes, certification and continuous professional development?
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I think you would always find a gap in terms of quality when it comes to trained and untrained interpreters on the market. The most I can say is that the trained ones should be paid their just due as opposed to the untrained ones. If you received mediocre work then you should decide whether you would ask for the work to be improved before the final payment for the job.
Many thanks,
Debra
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Prime Minister of India Shri Narendra Modi on Nov.8, 2016  has banned Rs. 500 & Rs. 1000 currency notes with immediate effect. This is a great step for curbing black money and dirty money.The decision was taken to prevent the illegal financial transactions such as fake currency and money laundering which has been India as a whole for years.What will be the impact of this Demonetization on Indian Economy.
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You're welcome Sanjeev jee. All the best
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I'm conducting a research comparing business ethics standards in Poland and France. Do you know any relevant literature on this topic?
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Hello Patryk:
There many international standards for evaluating business ethics, these are indexes, indicators and guidelines, please see this papers:
Plasencia-Soler, J. A., Marrero-Delgado, F., Nicado-Garcia, M., & Collada-Peña, I. (2016). Evaluación de la sostenibilidad de organizaciones cubanas. DYNA MANAGEMENT, 4(3), 0. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.6036/mn7966
Plasencia-Soler, J., Marrero-Delgado, F., & Nicado-Garcia, M. (2017). Metodología para evaluar el nivel ético en las organizaciones. Ingeniare, Revista Chilena de Ingeniería, 25(1).
Salvado, M. F., Azevedo, S. G., Matias, J. C. O., & Ferreira, L. M. (2015). Proposal of a Sustainability Index for the Automotive Industry. Sustainability, 7, 2113–2144. https://doi.org/10.3390/su7022113
Polanco, J. P., Ramírez, F., & Orozco, M. (2016). Incidencia de estándares internacionales en la sostenibilidad corporativa: una perspectiva de la alta dirección. Estudios Gerenciales, 32(139), 181–192.
Guo, D., DeFrancia, K., Chen, M., Filiatraut, B., & Zhang, C. (2015). Assessing Sustainability: Frameworks and Indices. Research Program on Sustainability Policy and Management. Earth Institute. Columbia University. Retrieved from http://spm.ei.columbia.edu/files/2015/06/SPM_Metrics_WhitePaper_3.pdf.
Singh, R. K., Murty, H. R., Gupta, S. K., & Dikshit, A. K. (2012). An overview of sustainability assessment methodologies. Ecological Indicators, 15(1), 281–299. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2011.01.007
I waiting that will be util for you
Best regards
Juan A
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How feasible today is a project to democratise global communication from below?
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Please clarify your question. It seems to be an interesting question.
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India is considered to be a perfect desination due to various factors like low input costs, easy access to labour,low rate of wages and a massive consumer base. My question is just to know something about ethical issues in Indian Business.
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Thanks Dear Konadu ji for your wonderful reply.
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CSR has assumed a place of great importance these days.In countries like India,it is now not a voluntary phenomenon,rather it has become mandatory to spend on various CSR activities.My question is regarding what may be the common indicators as far as Social Performance of a business is concerned.
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Social performance of the business may be measured through measure of success of corporate in implementing green concepts in product, process and technology, as well providing direct benefits to the society through CSR activities. CSR encompasses the factors: social benefits, work culture & employee motivation, corporate strategy for environmental protection. The integration of the factors shall create competitive advantage and provide both tangible & intangible benefits by creating an identity as socially and environmentally conscious and responsible business.    
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This is the argument I made in a presentation at the 2008 “Business Ethics Olympics” of the International Society of Business, Economics, and Ethics (ISBEE), which was held in Cape Town, South Africa. Does this argument indicate too much faith in rules, regulations, and “law and order” trumping the culture of self-interest and profit-maximization that prevails in most for-profit entities – a culture that is expected and rewarded in capitalistic societies?
For more on my faith in “law and order” see my paper here on RG, “Legislative Excess or Regulatory Brilliance? Corporate Governance after SARBOX” : https://www.researchgate.net/publication/236980618_Legislative_Excess_or_Regulatory_Brilliance_Corporate_Governance_after_SARBOX?ev=prf_pub.
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Dear Graham,
Some days ago I came across this paper: Jones, C.L.& Roberts, A.. (2006) Management of Financial Information in Charitable Organizations: the Case of Joint-Cost Allocations. The Accounting Review, 81(1), 159-178.
Well, charities also engage in earnings management... I am wondering whether the donors are aware of this...
Paul    
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There is a dilemma in many situations where managers have to consider social acceptance even it may not benefit the firm's economic performance.
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This question can often be broken into a long view vs. short view perspective.  In the short view the socially responsible behavior may have an economic cost that negatively impacts company performance.   In the long run the public response to the socially responsible behavior can cause a string of positive economic realizations for the business, and these positive impacts can offset or outweigh the short run negative.  The end result is unharmed or enhanced long term performance associated with positive social behavior at the firm level.    Everybody wins.....
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Mediating role of perceived organizational support (POS) linking corporate volunteerism and organizational commitment.
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Thank you everyone for your feedback.
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Political science literature on social movements concentrates on "resource mobilization" work (e.g. McAdam, Tarrow, Tilly, Klandermans). Yet, one of the first works I've read in business literature on social movement theory doesn't even reference resource mobilization literature but rather concentrates on "new" social movements literature (e.g. Escobar, Melucci and Touraine). This work seems within the mainstream of business literature on corporate responsibility. Is this unusual?
Boele, Richard, Heike Fabig, and David Wheeler. 2001. “Shell, Nigeria and the Ogoni. A study in unsustainable development: II. Corporate social responsibility and 'stakeholder management' versus a rights-based approach to sustainable development.” Sustainable Development 9 (3) (August): 121-135. doi:10.1002/sd.168.
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These two articles may be useful:
Hausken, K. (1996), “Ethics and Efficiency in Organizations,” International Journal of Social Economics 23, 9, 15-40.
Hausken, K. (1996), “Self-Interest and Sympathy in Economic Behavior,” International Journal of Social Economics 23, 7, 4-24.