Burns - Science topic

Global warming, climate change, air pollution, and harmful exhaust emissions for human health are highly associated with the burning of petroleum fuels at a huge level. In the beginning, biodiesel fuels have been introduced as a promising alternative fuel to mitigate these problems. However, poor atomization, low energy content, high viscosity, and...

Progranulin (PGRN), is a multifunctional protein with profound expression in epithelial and immune cells in which plays a crucial role in controlling host-defense signaling pathways during infection and inflammation. The current study was carried out to evaluate the efficiency of PGRN as a predictive inflammatory marker for a group of diseases with...

Open burning of agricultural residues as a means of disposal causes massive atmospheric air pollution in northern Thailand. Converting this agricultural residual biomass to clean energy can help reduce this problem. They may be utilized as solid fuel for electrical power generation, where cost is one of the major factors affecting long term success...

Black carbon is a product of the incomplete combustion of carbonaceous fuels and has significant adverse effects on climate change, air quality, and human health. China has been a major contributor to global anthropogenic black carbon emissions. This study develops a black carbon inventory in China, using 2015 as the base year, and projects annual...

Wildfire occurrence varies among regions and through time due to the long-term impacts of climate on fuel structure and short-term impacts on fuel flammability. Identifying the climatic conditions that trigger extensive fire years at regional scales can enable development of area burned models that are both spatially and temporally robust, which is...

The addition of wood ash to soil is an alternative to disposing of this residue. However, the effects of wood ash on soil physical-hydric properties remain divergent. In this study, the effects of added wood ash on the soil water characteristic curve, gravitational water, field capacity, total available water, and saturated hydraulic conductivity w...

Many animals survive wildfires; however, the mechanisms used to detect and respond to fire have been poorly studied. Sensory cues like sight and sound are used to recognize threats (e.g. predators) and elicit escape responses in prey. Similarly, these cues might be used to detect an approaching wildfire. We tested whether the western fence lizard,...

The usage of methane as a fuel stands out as a transition strategy to zero carbon energy conversion processes. However, methane is difficult to be made to burn due to its strong molecular structure. To mitigate this issue, a mixture of methane and a more ignitable fuel may be a promising solution for large scale combustion applications. In many of...

Hazard reduction is a complex task involving important efforts to prevent and mitigate the consequences of disasters. Many countries around the world have experienced devastating wildfires in recent decades and risk reduction strategies are now more important than ever. Reducing contiguous areas of high fuel load through prescribed burning is a fue...

The market share of electric vehicles, powered by lithium-ion batteries (LIB), has been expanding worldwide with the global momentum towards green technology and improving the driving range on one full-charge. Studies are, however, still required on the fire safety of the latest but unmatured technology due to a distinctive phenomenon called therma...

Intrinsic flamefront cellular instabilities wrinkle, otherwise smooth, laminar flamefronts leading to excess surface area and, thus, burning rate. Since such instabilities increase flame propagation speed and burning rate without any external influence, such as turbulence, they are of both fundamental and practical interest. While extensively studi...

Severe burn injuries often lead to skin contraction, leading to stresses in and around the damaged skin region. If this contraction leads to impaired joint mobility, one speaks of contracture. To optimize treatment, a mathematical model, that is based on finite element methods, is developed. Since the finite element-based simulation of skin contrac...

Background: Due to increasing incidence and prevalence of scalp skin and hair disorders such as Seborrheic Dermatitis in children, there is a need for effective and safe drug for management of childhood Seborrheic Dermatitis. We can correlate Seborrheic Dermatitis with Arumshika in our text which is a Shirokushtha. In Sahastrayogam texts, Ankoladi...

High-energy materials genome (HEMG) is an analytical and calculation tool that contains relationships between variables of the object, which allows researchers to calculate the values of one part of the variables through others, solve direct and inverse tasks, predict the characteristics of non-experimental objects, predict parameters to obtain an...

In today's era, diseases are increasing rapidly and medical facilities are becoming expensive. In such a situation, diseases can be avoided through Ayurvedic remedies and at the same time, cheap treatment of many diseases is also available in Ayurveda. Fever is a minor disease but sometimes it takes terrible form. Allopathic has a lot of side effec...

The flame behaviors in a narrow gap with low-velocity airflow are significantly different from buoyancy-controlled flames in open areas. The conditions experienced by microgravity flame may be reproduced in a narrow gap environment where the buoyancy is limited. This work studies the behaviors of near-limit concurrent flame spread over a thick soli...

The replacement of hydrocarbon fuels by ammonia in industrial systems is challenging due to its low burning velocity, its narrow flammability range, and a large production of nitric oxide and nitrogen dioxide when burned close to stoichiometric conditions. Cracking a fraction of ammonia into hydrogen and nitrogen prior to injection in the combustio...

Background In sepsis, brain dysfunction is known as Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE), which often results in severe cognitive and neurological sequelae and increases the risk of death. Our systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to explore the diagnostic and prognostic value of serum S100 calcium-binding protein B (S100B) in SAE patients....

The global energy supply has been increasing over the years, in an effort to meet the global demand many of the world's poor population are being left behind. It has been estimated that approximately 1.4 billion people (20%) of the global population lack access to electricity and 2.7 billion (40%) of the global population, rely on the traditional u...

In a general framework characterized by ever-increasing evidence of impacts attributable to climate change, the quantitative estimation of wildfire emissions (e.g., black carbon, carbon monoxide, particulate matter) and the evaluation of its uncertainty are crucial for mitigation and adaptation purposes. Global atmospheric emission models use mainl...

Tetracycline had proven to be effective in the management of the different types of corneal ulcers. It has antimicrobial activity as well as anti-collaginase effect. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the effect of oxytetracycline 5% on the alkali burn corneal ulcer after its injection subconjunctivaly. Ten healthy New Zealan...

The aim of this paper is to show how Relict Charcoal Hearths (RCHs) are used as an archive of past human activity. This phe- nomenon was presented on the basis of studies carried out for selected areas of two river basins in Poland, Czarna Konecka River basin and Mała Panew River basin. Detailed studies were carried out for two sites from the Mała...

Background: Hand surgical cases in Bangladesh are managed both by orthopedic and plastic surgeons. There are very limited number of hand surgeons available in the country. Tertiary referral centers especially in the city of Dhaka cater for most of the hand surgery patients treated in the country. Objective were to understand the needs of the commun...

Aflatoxins (AFs) represent the most important mycotoxin group, whose presence in food and feed poses significant global health and economic issues. The occurrence of AFs in maize is a burning problem worldwide, mainly attributed to droughts. In recent years, Serbia and Croatia faced climate changes followed by a warming trend. Therefore, the main a...

En raison d'activités humaines, les bassins versants du territoire sénégalais ont connu une érosion accélérée des sols. Par conséquent, cet article vise à appliquer le modèle RUSLE (Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation) à l'aide du Système d'Information Géographique (SIG) et de la télédétection pour évaluer l'érosion hydrique des sols dans le bassi...

Forest and land fires are disasters that greatly impact various sectors. Burned area identification is needed to control forest and land fires. Remote sensing is used as common technology for rapid burned area identification. However, there are not many studies related to the combination of optical and synthetic aperture radar (SAR) remote sensing...

Unlabelled: Given that millions of employees switched to mandatory telework during COVID-19, and as teleworking practices are likely to continue, it is essential to understand the potential impact of mandatory and non-flexible teleworking practices on employee well-being. Drawing on Conservation of Resources theory, we find support for resource ga...

Background/Objective: Over-resuscitation of burn patients leads to dangerous edema-related sequelae. The Parkland formula is commonly used to predict fluid requirements in the 24 hours following burn injury, yet studies report widely varying resuscitation rates. This study aims to assess fluid resuscitation practices at Lutheran Hospital and evalua...

Opiorphin is a pentapeptide, which could be isolated from human fluids and has a decreasing effect on pain. Aim: Since lichen planus is a chronic mucocutaneous disease, which causes pain or burning feeling in the oral mucosa, this study aimed to compare salivary opiorphin levels of oral lichen planus (OLP) patients with healthy subjects. Methods: T...

Climate teleconnections (CT) remotely influence weather conditions in many regions on Earth, entailing changes in primary drivers of fire activity such as vegetation biomass accumulation and moisture. We reveal significant relationships between the main global CTs and burned area that vary across and within continents and biomes according to both s...

The presence of a high number of positive SARS-CoV-2 patients is found daily in the emergency room database, finding evidence of infection also in trauma and burns. Surgical debridement remains the gold standard for eschar removal, but it does not come without complications such as bleeding and high heat loss. In recent years, there has been an inc...

Introduction: COVID-19-related stigma is the level of stigma associated with being involved with the pandemic. It has been reported that a significant number of healthcare workers experienced anxiety, depression, stigmatization, physical violence, harassment during the COVID-19 pandemic; even the families of the healthcare workers were victims of d...

Calluna vulgaris-dominated heathlands are a priority habitat type in Annex I of the Habitats Directive (92/43/ECC, habitat code 4060). In the Iberian Peninsula, the landscape of the Cantabrian Mountain range has great heterogeneity due to human management during the last 10,000 years. Another factor that can affect these communities is the increase...

Plastic waste is an immense challenge for waste management and sustainable development because it has been detrimental to aquatic and terrestrial life. The easiest and most common method to eliminate huge volumes of this waste is burning, which is harmful to environment. Plastic waste in bricks can reduce waste accumulation problems and partially r...

Entities and events have long been regarded as the crux of machine reasoning. Specifically, procedural texts have received increasing attention due to the dynamic nature of involved entities and events. Existing work has exclusively focused on entity state tracking (e.g., the temperature of a pan) or counterfactual event reasoning (e.g., how likely...

Over the past decades, long-term sequelae of burns have gained increasing attention. Women of childbearing age, who sustained abdominal burns earlier in life, may have unmet information needs on scar-related complications they can expect during pregnancy. We performed a review of the literature to identify abdominal, foetal, and potential other com...

Despite the adaptation of many oak (Quercus) species to repeated surface fire, many public land managers in eastern North America resist using prescribed fire as a regeneration tool because of fire’s perceived negative impacts on timber values through the wounding of overstory trees. We retrospectively quantified fire-associated wounds in 139 oak-d...

Prescribed fires are an important management tool for reducing fuels and returning fire to the landscape. However, rarely are changes in fuels fully quantified using pre to post prescribed fire measurements and those studies that do exist show variable results. In the southern Rockies little literature exists on the impacts of prescribed fires, thu...

Hydroponic production raises economic and environmental issues related to the treatment, recovery or disposal of hydroponic wastewater, which can be rich in eutrophication-related nutrients, nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P). Little focus has been put on the influence of the growth conditions on the N and P content in hydroponic wastewater, which is...

The Australian 2019–2020 wildfires impacted the subtropical rainforest with a variety of burn severities, making them vulnerable to another burn. Rainforest post-fire regenerated vegetation could be highly flammable, containing fire-promoting species such as Lantana camara and fire-suppressing species such as Phytolacca octandra. This study investi...

Non-conventional torrefaction under partially oxidative conditions is an emerging cost-effective thermochemical pre-treatment method to improve the quality of biomass for energy applications. The literature lacks data on the combustion of biomass torrefied under oxygen-deficient atmosphere with actual reactor conditions (inevitable non-uniformities...

Share Link: https://authors.elsevier.com/a/1gTo-LWHG3hdN (free access before March 15, 2023 ) For missions that involve launching satellites into sun-synchronous orbits, the load-carrying capacity can be improved by regulating the time distribution of different flight phases if a transfer orbit is planned. However, this will shorten the last burn...

Background Nursing experts regularly visited the community to deliver safety education on the prevention of unintentional injuries in children to the parents of children aged 0–6 years and to pregnant women in a maternity school. This was undertaken to explore the effects of the measure on preventing unintentional injuries in children in Chizhou, C...

Plastic contamination is a burning issue costing the global cotton and textile industries billions of dollars annually. Any time plastics from different sources end up in a cotton lint bale, the value to the textile mills plummets significantly. Various industry players have therefore made a concerted effort to find lasting solutions to the menace...

The ability to measure the ecological effects of understory fire in the Amazon on a landscape scale remains a frontier in remote sensing. The Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation's (GEDI) LiDAR data have been widely suggested as a critical new tool in this field. In this paper, we use the GEDI Simulator to quantify the nuanced effects of underst...

Bumble bees are important pollinators in temperate forested regions where fire is a driving force for habitat change, and thus understanding how these insects respond to fire is critical. Previous work has shown bees are often positively affected by the postfire environment, with burned sites supporting greater bee abundance and diversity, and incr...

The Red-Giant Branch Bump (RGBB) is one of the most noteworthy features in the red-giant luminosity function of stellar clusters. It is caused by the passage of the hydrogen-burning shell through the composition discontinuity left at the point of the deepest penetration by the convective envelope. When crossing the discontinuity the usual trend in...

Fast and accurate fire severity mapping can provide an essential resource for fire management and studying fire-related ecological and climate change. Currently, mainstream fire severity mapping approaches are based only on pixel-wise spectral features. However, the landscape pattern of fire severity originates from variations in spatial dependence...

This study aims to explore soil moisture data sources and review various techniques for obtaining soil moisture data from remote sensing technology. Results reveal available data sources that allow users to access, download and manipulate the soil moisture data via the internet. Remote sensing techniques and their related methods for extracting the...

There is a growing demand for institutions and organizations to adopt actions aimed at combating climate change and its impacts. The objective of this study was to carry out inventories of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and carbon removal by afforestation of the Nova Venécia Campus of the Federal Institute of Espírito Santo (IFES-NV), Brazil. Emiss...

Although natural disturbances such as wildfire, extreme weather events, and insect outbreaks play a key role in structuring ecosystems and watersheds worldwide, climate change has intensified many disturbance regimes, which can have compounding negative effects on ecosystem processes and services. Recent studies have highlighted the need to underst...

This paper provides a feasible way to suppress flame flickering under normal gravity and atmospheric pressure without changing the fuel mass burning rate, thus promoting steady-state combustion. By periodically reciprocating one burner horizontally in a dual burner system, a death mode (namely, amplitude death of flame height oscillation) is genera...

The development of modern vehicle drives is aimed at reducing fuel consumption (i.e., crude oil) and minimizing the exhaust emission of toxic components. One such development is the implementation of a two-stage combustion system. Such a system initiates ignition in the prechamber, and then the burning mixture flows into the main chamber, where it...

Briquettes are renewable energy sourced from agricultural waste and used as a household fuel. The availability of farm or plantation waste is a good impetus for developing environmentally friendly briquette fuels. This study aims to determine the characteristics of briquettes from various types of agricultural biomass. The research was carried out...

Background Mega liposuction defined as an aspirate volume greater than 5L. The five liters aspiration amount was a clear point which if exceeded leads to an increasing percentage of complications. With adequately selecting candidates, an accredited facility with a highly experienced anesthesiologist and plastic surgeons, and close postoperative mon...

Much excitement surrounds the intense mass loss that seems to take place in some massive stars immediately before core collapse. However, occurring too late, it has a negligible impact on the star's evolution or the final yields, which are influenced instead by the longer-term, quasi-steady mass loss taking place during H and He burning. Late-time...

Urticaria is a body's reaction to certain allergens causing the formation of itchy hives or wheals on the skin. Hives can last for hours to days either appearing on the lips, ears, face, lips, throat etc. producing a burning sensation and discomfort. Mostly, breakout of urticaria is short term however in case of chronic condition it might last for...

Cannabidiol (CBD) is a non-psychoactive compound found in the cannabis plant. Studies have suggested that CBD may have potential as a treatment for burn wounds. The mechanism by which CBD may promote wound healing is not entirely clear, but it is thought to involve its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. CBD has been shown to reduce infla...

In this paper, we propose a processing chain jointly employing Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 data, aiming to monitor changes in the status of the vegetation cover by integrating the four 10 m visible and near-infrared (VNIR) bands with the three red-edge (RE) bands of Sentinel-2. The latter approximately span the gap between red and NIR bands (700 nm–8...

Tetracycline had proven to be effective in the management of the different types of corneal ulcers. It has antimicrobial activity as well as anti-collaginase effect. Therefore, the present study was conducted to inves-tigate the effect of oxytetracycline 5% on the alkali burn corneal ulcer after its injection subconjunctivaly. Ten healthy New Zeala...

Over the past 20 years, there has been a significant reduction in the incidence of adverse events associated with sedation outside of the operating room. Non-pharmacologic techniques are increasingly being used as peri-operative adjuncts to facilitate and promote anxiolysis, analgesia and sedation, and to reduce adverse events. This narrative revie...

Burn wounds most often occur on visible parts of the body. They therefore cause fear of disfigurement and rejection by those around them. In addition, they cause pain. The main aim of this study was to analyse factors affecting the functioning of patients hospitalised for burns. The study included 57 patients hospitalised for burns. Each person was...

Motivated by the recent observation by NICER of a type I X-ray burst from SAX J1808.4-3658 with a distinct "pause" feature during its rise (Bult et al. 2019), we show that bursts which ignite in a helium layer underneath a hydrogen-rich shell naturally give rise to such pauses, as long as enough energy is produced to eject the outer layers of the e...