Buffer - Science method

Adiabatic quantum-flux-parametron (AQFP) logic is a superconductor logic family whose energy efficiency approaches theoretical limits. Because AQFP logic gates depend on a polyphase excitation current to perform their computation, gate fanins must arrive at the appropriate excitation phase. Such a technology constraint has conventionally been treat...

During seismic events, slopes buttressed by anchored piles can experience instability when piles convert to perilous cantilever systems upon anchor cables failure. Implementing buffer devices in anchoring structures has the potential to reduce the seismic forces in the anchors and consequently improve the seismic performance of the supported struct...

Task-Free Continual Learning (TFCL) aims to learn new concepts from a stream of data without any task information. The Dynamic Expansion Model (DEM) has shown promising results in TFCL by dynamically expanding the model's capacity to deal with shifts in the data distribution. However, existing approaches only consider the recognition of the input s...

Regarding high-level nuclear waste (HLW) and spent fuel (SF) disposal, underground geological disposal is likely to be the most feasible and effective solution [1]. The coupled Thermo-Hydro-Mechanical (THM) behaviour of host rocks has been widely studied by laboratory tests, in-situ experiments and numerical analyses. In field experiments performed...

Background: Studies suggested that greenness could reduce death risks related to ambient exposure to particulate matter (PM), while the available evidence was mixed across the globe and substantially exiguous in low-and middle-income countries. By conceiving an individual-level case-crossover study in central China, this analysis primarily aimed to...

We have performed in situ time‐of‐flight neutron diffraction experiments to examine the uptake of deuterium in iron monosulphide at pressures up to 11.4 GPa and temperatures to 1300 K. A D 2 fluid was formed in the experiments through the decomposition of ND 3 BD 3 , resulting in an oxygen fugacity of approximately 1.2 log units below the iron‐wüst...

Meeting customer time requirements poses a major challenge in the context of high‐variety make‐to‐order companies. Companies need to reduce the lead time and process urgent jobs in time, while realising high delivery reliability. The key decision stages within Workload Control (WLC) are order release and shop floor dispatching. To the best of our k...

Metal halide perovskite solar cells are expected to lead the revolution in photovoltaics. However, due to their soft and ionic lattice, perovskites are sensitive to external stimuli, and the resulting devices suffer from noticeable fatigue under cyclic stressors in real-world applications. Due to the lack of a fundamental understanding of the metas...

As adivided capital city, Nicosia and its Buffer Zone have attracted attention across political, social, cultural, and academic spheres since the 1974 division of Cyprus. The Buffer Zone's physical and symbolic presence reflects the ongoing struggle for reunification and the challenges of tension in a confined space. The crossing points in the Buff...

Vanadium dioxide (VO2) has attracted extensive attention due to the specific metal-insulator phase transition as well as the wide device applications. The practical performance of VO2-based device strongly depends on the quality of VO2, since the higher quality of VO2 film always shows much more pronounced phase transition behavior. Thus, the prepa...

p>Constant common mode voltage (CCMV) is critical in Solar Photovoltaic (SPV) systems. Maintaining CCMV further eliminates the transitions in the voltage across the parasitic capacitance of the PV panel, making it a low-frequency output voltage waveform. This further reduces the leakage and common mode current in the SPV systems. This paper present...

The spotted hyaena lives in unusually large social groups for a carnivore. Since the infertility trap normally limits the size of social groups in mammals, it seems likely that this species has evolved some way of mitigating the stresses involved. In primates, this usually takes the form of female-female alliances, often embedded in multilevel soci...

COVID-19 is a serious virus that can have a lot of effects, one of which is a secondary bacterial infection that can be more life-threatening and even lethal than the initial viral infection. Hence a fast and sensitive HPLC/UV method was developed and validated for the first estimation of a binary mixture of molnupiravir (MOL) and ertapenem (ERT) a...

In this work, we examined the FTO/TiO 2 /Sb 2 S 3 /Au solar cell characteristics via SCAPS‐1D modeling. The research begins with device modeling of the Sb 2 S 3 conventional solar cell based on experimental data, which results in excellent agreement with the conversion efficiency (PCE) recorded in the literature of ∽4.72%. The influence of several...

The present study investigated the effect of type III Neuregulin-1 (NRG-1) on changes in the myelin sheath and the recovery of nerve function during the regeneration process following autologous nerve transplantation. Seventy-two Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into a Blank, Model and (antisense oligonucleotide, ASON) group. The Model and ASON gro...

Tidal flood is one of the the most persistent disaster in Indonesia. It often occurs during the high tide, which can be exacerbated by extreme tidal surges, land subsidence, and sea level rise. The coastal area of Pekalongan, especially in Panjang Wetan, is one of the impacted areas during the extreme tidal flood in May 2022. Data from Indonesia Ge...

Critical chain buffer management (CCBM) has been extensively studied in recent years. This paper investigates a new formulation of CCBM, the multimode chance-constrained CCBM problem. A flow-based mixed-integer linear programming model is described and the chance constraints are tackled using a scenario approach. A reinforcement learning (RL)-based...

We report, a novel multi-step design simulation results on SnS absorber based solar cell architecture with ~4.5 times efficiency enhancement vis-à-vis reported experimental results. It is ascribed to an efficient control over inherent loss mechanism via device design novelty. The multi-step design modification in the device architecture comprised;...

Purpose: To examine the relationships between individual-level perceived racial/ethnic discrimination and mental health and substance use outcomes by school-level racial composition among American Indian (AI) adolescents. Method: Self-reported survey data on individual-level variables come from a sample of AI adolescents (n ¼ 510) living in or near...

Climate change is altering the severity and intensity of extreme weather events. Occupying microhabitats that buffer extreme weather may help species avoid harsh environmental conditions. Monitoring important habitats during extreme weather can highlight species that may benefit from targeted conservation actions. We describe the thermal microclima...

GaN nanowires grown on metal substrates have attracted increasing interest for a wide range of applications. Herein, we report GaN nanowires grown by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy on thin polycrystalline ZrN buffer layers, sputtered onto Si(111) substrates. The nanowire orientation was studied by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron mic...

Cities experience rapid growth, and various drivers shape this growth. Notably, developing countries experience challenges on land use and transportation conflict. The idea of transit-oriented developments (TODs) is a solution for this concern of urbanization while there is no consensus on defining and identifying them. This study concentrated on t...

A facile and feasible strategy is carried out combined with the subsequent heat treatments to encapsulate SnO2/Cu3Sn nanoparticles into N-doped carbon nanofibers (CNFs) by electrospinning to fabricate the SnO2/Cu3Sn@CNFs nanofibers as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries. The one-dimensional composite nanofibers are well interconnected with ea...

This study aims to enhance the CZTS device's overall efficiency, the key research area has been identified in this study is to explore the effects of a novel, low-cost, and simplified, deposition method to improve the optoelectronic properties of the buffer layer in the fabrication of CZTS thin film solar cells. Herein, an effective way of addressi...

The formation of transient helical intermediates, implicated in the early-stages of amyloid formation in amyloidogenic peptides, is thought to be enhanced by membrane-peptide interactions. Uperin 3.5 is a seventeen-residue antimicrobial, amyloidogenic peptide that forms amyloid in phosphate buffered saline (PBS). The role of 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol...

The Balkan, as a space, has firmly kept its historical function. The Balkan has been a key area in Europe where specific cultures had come to existence and had often been controlled by powerful empires. For centuries, it had been a buffer zone between Europe and the Ottoman empire, which was, for the most part, an Asian state. Ethnic clashes starte...

The scenario of deforestation in the Amazon may change with the reconstruction of Highway BR-319, a long-distance road that will expand the region’s agricultural frontier towards the north and west of the Western Amazon, stretches that until then have extensive areas of primary forest due to the hard access. We simulate the deforestation that would...

A novel composite hydrogel was prepared by combining polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and sodium alginate (SA) in a specific proportion to serve as a drug carrier, and then loading the extract of Thesium chinense (TCE) onto the drug carrier for use in the trauma treatment. The morphology, structure and biological activity of PVA hydrogel, PVA/SA hydrogel an...

Concern for the environment is prevalent among luxury consumers, and sustainable development has become a pervasive theme in the luxury industry. However, there has been limited empirical research on the burgeoning area of sustainable luxury to profile the characteristics of sustainable luxury consumers. In this research, we explore how value perce...

The surfactants polysorbate 20 (PS20) and polysorbate 80 (PS80) are utilized to stabilize protein drugs. However, concerns have been raised regarding the degradation of PSs in biologics and the potential impact on product quality. Oxidation has been identified as a prevalent degradation mechanism under pharmaceutically relevant conditions. So far,...

In the present research work the absorption characteristics of rifaximin was studied and validated in different solvents in visible region for its quantitative estimation in bulk and dosage forms by UV spectrophotometric method. The solution of Rifaximin were prepared in 0.1N HCL (pH 1.2), Phosphate buffer (pH 6.8) & Phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) and s...

Star-connected cascaded H-bridge converters require large DC-link capacitors to buffer the second-order harmonic voltage ripple. First, it is analytically proven that the DC-link voltage ripple is proportional to the apparent converter power and does not depend onthe power factor for nominal operation with sinusoidalreference arm voltages and curre...

A simple, accurate, precise method was developed for the simultaneous estimation of the Pregabalin and Etoricoxib in bulk and Pharmaceutical dosage form. Chromatogram was run through Ascentis (C18 150 x 4.8 mm, 2.8m). Mobile phase containing Buffer 0.01N Methanol: Na2HPO4 (0.1%OPA is added to adjust pH 5.4) taken in the ratio 70:30 was pumped throu...

Penerapan transformasi digital pada Pusat Data Kementerian Keuangan pada seluruh proses bisnis dilakukan secara cepat dan fleksibel dengan memanfaatkan sumber daya perangkat server maupun storage yang terpasang. Seiring meningkatnya kebutuhan penyimpanan data maka diperlukan penambahan server storage demi mendukung pengelolaan sistem TIK. Metode fo...

Cylindrical structure is a kind of common protective structure, its internal support is generally homogeneous or rigid, energy absorption buffer ring can effectively improve its impact resistance. In this paper, a comparative study of the impact resistance of cylindrical structures with composite cushioning energy absorption rings under double impa...

Customers seek items at low prices, excellent quality, and customization in today’s market. Additionally, the need for quick product delivery is rising because of the expansion of e-commerce. Order picking is an essential element of order fulfillment and is regarded as one of the most costly and time-consuming tasks for warehouses. The study aims t...

Optimizing the spatial pattern (spatial compositive and spatial configuration) of urban greenspace can effectively alleviate the urban heat island effect. While the relationship between air temperature (AT) and spatial composition of urban greenspace has been widely studied, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between AT and spatial co...

The paper introduces the principles of the System of Environmental-Economic Accounting-Ecosystem Accounting. The aim of the work is to present the application of the conceptual framework of linking ecosystem services, benefits and economic sectors. The analysis relates to years 2012 and 2018. The case study area represents five municipalities that...

Objective: The primary objective of this study is to investigate the relationships between perceived social support and mobile phone addiction, as well as the mediating effect of depressive symptoms and the moderating effect of self-compassion. Methods: A total of 874 college students completed questionnaires, including the perceived social support...

div> Mass media mediate different publics, thus being crucial in constructing political reality. By selecting which topics are covered (agenda), which voices are heard, or how social and political issues/actors/dynamics are represented (priming and framing), mass media impacts how political conversations and processes unfold. Acknowledging the incr...

Escherichia coli is an invaluable research tool for many fields of biology, in particular for the production of recombinant enzymes. However, the activity of many such recombinant enzymes cannot be determined using standard biochemical assays, as often, the relevant substrates are not known, or the products produced are not detectable. Today, the b...

With the continuous development of thermal infrared remote sensing technology and the maturation of remote sensing inversion algorithms based on surface temperatures, identifying high-temperature anomalous areas by inverting surface temperatures has become an crucial approach to finding geothermal potential areas. The eastern region of Longyang in...

Bacteriophage (“Phage”) products are gaining interest in controlling foodborne pathogens as they are natural, specific, and can replicate at the site of contamination. One challenge in determining the efficacy of phage biocontrol is accounting for residual phages that may impact the recovery and the enumeration of surviving bacteria downstream f...

Ice-binding proteins are crucial for adaptation of various organisms to low temperatures. Some of these, called antifreeze proteins, are usually thought to inhibit growth and/or recrystallization of ice crystals. However, prior to these events, ice must somehow appear in the organism, either coming from outside or forming inside through the nucleat...

Orientation: There is a growing concern about the dark side of work engagement. Recent research has shown that employees who are highly engaged at work are more likely to suffer from high work–family conflict. As employees’ engagement is highly valuable to organisations, it would be useful to identify variables that mitigate this negative impact so...

In this work, the electrooxidation ability of nine pyridones was evaluated using cyclic (CV) and square-wave voltammetry (SWV) in Britton–Robinson (BR) aqueous buffer solutions on a glassy carbon electrode (GC). The dependence of electrochemical activity on pyridone structure was elucidated by means of experimentally obtained spectra and quantum ch...

Despite convincing evidence suggesting that organizations benefit from employees' flow states, when and how work flow experience generates negative effects remain largely understudied. By integrating the spillover-crossover model and perseverative cognition theory, we established a model to explain how flow experience induces employees' positive ru...

Agricultural lands in the north-central United States represent some of the most uniform and non-sustainable landscapes in human history. The conformity in land-use practices reflects a broad social agreement, albeit unspoken, of having an influence on agricultural practices and is referred to as a normative landscape. Implementing conservation agr...

Although structures of vitrified supramolecular complexes have been determined at near-atomic resolution, elucidating in situ molecular structure in living cells remains a challenge. Here, we report a straightforward liquid cell technique, originally developed for real-time visualization of dynamics at a liquid-gas interface using transmission elec...

This study aimed to analyze whether community food environments are associated with individual food consumption among nutrition students and newly graduated nutritionists. This cross-sectional study used data from the Nutritionists’ Health Study cohort, which included 357 undergraduate nutrition students from the city of Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. E...

Global warming is increasing the frequency and intensity of climate extremes. Forests may buffer such extreme events by creating their own microclimate below their canopy via cooling hot and insulating against cold macroclimate air temperatures. This buffering capacity of forests may be increased by tree diversity and may itself maintain forest fun...

In recent years, ecological design has emerged as an innovative approach for landscape designs to address urban environmental issues such as biodiversity protection and the promotion of ecosystem services. However, in developing countries like Vietnam, an ecological approach is still in its early stages and requires more research and practical appl...

Ameliorating soil acidity using a combination of lime and organic amendments (OAs) can be an alternative to lime alone, but determining the appropriate OA rates can be difficult. We developed a new method for calculating the combined application rate of lime and OAs (wheat straw, faba bean straw, blended poultry litter, biochar, and compost), based...

Newly discovered altermagnets are magnetic materials exhibiting both compensated magnetic order, similar to antiferromagnets, and simultaneous non-relativistic spin-splitting of the bands, akin to ferromagnets. This characteristic arises from the specific symmetry operations that connect the spin sublattices. In this report , we show with ab initio...

Living organisms maintain a resting membrane potential, which plays an important role in various biophysical and biological processes. In the context of medical applications, irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a non-thermal and minimally invasive technique that utilizes precisely controlled electric field pulses of micro- to millisecond duration...

In this work, a high slew rate CMOS operational amplifier (op-amp) having moderate speed is presented which operates at supply voltage of 1.8 V (rail to rail) using TSMC 0.18 μm CMOS technology. Current buffer compensation strategy in conjunction with Miller compensation is used to achieve high speed and high slew rate. In this design, a tradeoff b...

Development of a robust photocathode using low-cost and high-performing materials, e.g., p-Si, to produce clean fuel hydrogen has remained challenging since the semiconductor substrate is easily susceptible to (photo)corrosion under photoelectrochemical (PEC) operational conditions. A protective layer over the substrate to simultaneously provide co...

In search of new probes for biomolecules, the spectral fluorescent study of four monomethine cyanine dyes (MCD), both unsymmetrical and symmetrical, has been carried out in different organic solvents, in aqueous buffer solutions, and in the presence of DNA and HSA. The complexation of MCD with biomacromolecules leads to a steep growth of the fluore...

With the deepening of human research on deep space exploration, our research on the soft landing methods of landers has gradually deepened. Adding a buffer and energy-absorbing structure to the leg structure of the lander has become an effective design solution. Based on the energy-absorbing structure of the leg of the interstellar lander, this pap...

Purpose The effect of monovalent (Na⁺ and K⁺) and divalent (Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, and Zn²⁺) metal ions combined with citrate or acetate buffers (pH 4.5) on the stability of dalbavancin in aqueous solutions was investigated. Method RP-HPLC and HP-SEC were used to evaluate the stability of aqueous solutions of dalbavancin in different combinations of buffers...

The diversity and ecology of spiders were studied in Ngoc Thanh buffer zone of Tam Dao National Park, Cuc Phuong buffer zone of Cuc Phuong National Park, and Ba Trai buffer zone of Ba Vi National Park. Spiders were collected by five methods: pitfall traps, litter sampling, tree beating, sweep netting and visual searches in four types of habitats in...

We report oscillations of current which accompany anodic deposition from Mn(II) solutions in a neutral acetic buffer and also cathodic birnessite deposition from alkaline permanganate solutions. We demonstrate that for both processes, oscillations appear at high enough overpotentials. The current oscillations are affected by solution convection. Th...