Bridges - Science topic

The study of aging is continuing to increase rapidly across multiple disciplines. This wide-ranging series on International Perspectives on Aging provides readers with much-needed comprehensive texts and critical perspectives on the latest research, policy, and practical developments. Both aging and globalization have become a reality of our times,...

Catastrophic transformer failures are often attributed to corrosive sulphur-related faults. However, the existing challenge lies in the absence of practical, real-time monitoring techniques for sulphur corrosion, especially on-site. Previous studies have proposed the use of thin film sacrificial copper strip sensors as a promising solution to addre...

The purpose of this Special Issue is to stimulate and collect high-quality scientific papers related to the study of the problem of interoperability between blockchain and its solutions. The articles in this Special Issue are intended to serve as a resource for academics and industry in the development of new studies and blockchain applications....

Hardware inspired Enquiry-based Learning (EBL) is an emerging pedagogy to develop transferable engineering skills in students. This paper is aimed at unleashing the potential of this pedagogy via the multidisciplinary domain of robotics to learn the material through a research-based method. The objective is to assist educational institutions in pre...

On 5 September 2022, an M w = 6.6 earthquake hit the Luding area, Sichuan Province, China, leading to 93 deaths, 25 disappearances, and great economic loss. The earthquake caused a series of geologic hazards and severe damage to infrastructures, such as tunnels, bridges, houses, and roads. In this study, a field survey was conducted for the twin tu...

In bridge weigh-in-motion systems, the vehicle speed is a fundamental input parameter for the weighing algorithm. The speed is generally obtained by processing structural responses measured at different locations along the bridge length. For this purpose, the convoluted reciprocity relationship was derived and utilized as the basis for a novel spee...

Aim Stroke treatment is a time-critical condition. Understanding the impact of timing and types of treatment on patient outcomes can help develop and optimize stroke management strategies. The study aimed to analyse the effect of different time intervals and mechanical thrombectomy methods on outcomes of stroke patients in Kazakhstan. Methods The p...

Precast Ultra-High-Performance Concrete (UHPC) segmental bridges (PUSBs) are among the most promising structural systems owing to their potential for application in advanced philosophies, such as green and intelligent construction technology, industrialization, prefabrication, and automation. The joints, where precast segments are connected, play a...

Available online xxxx Keywords: Reinforced concrete girder bridge Reinforced concrete building Empirical seismic vulnerability Vulnerability comparison Mean damage index matrix model a b s t r a c t To explore the vulnerability of a reinforced concrete girder bridge and reinforced concrete building during an earthquake, and to compare the differenc...

Over the past two decades, an increasing number of large-scale structures have been built around the world. Constructing these structures has been a time consuming and highly expensive process. Thus, providing a structural health monitoring system to guarantee their proper functionality is important. In recent years, the advancement of technology a...

Steel-concrete composite bridges are a popular solution due to the structural benefits of both steel and concrete. The typical system of a concrete slab and steel I-girders for small and medium-span bridges often displays the most economical results. However, other solutions emerge as innovative alternatives for bridge construction, such as composi...

To address the deficiencies in the durability of the bonded connection, an innovative strengthening method combining steel plates with UHPC (ultra-high-performance concrete) is proposed. In this method, the UHPC layer is located between the steel plate and the original damaged RC (reinforced concrete) structures, mainly acting as a binder to enhanc...

Introduction: This article shows that among residents of Rincon Grande of Pavas, a group of vulnerable neighborhoods in capital of Costa Rica, circulate negative rumors regarding police activity against drug dealing. These rumors reflect discontent of local population towards police forces in the analyzed area. Objective: There are no studies in Co...

The positive effect of modified salinity water (MSW) injection on oil recovery has been broadly reported in the literature through core flooding experiment tests. Yet, the challenges in bridging the gap between laboratory to field scale studies still remain substantial, largely due to the lack of understanding of the underlying mechanisms involved....

Nature-based solutions (NbS) are fast becoming the norm for multifunctional coastal climate adaptation to increased sea-level rise. However, informing decision-makers about NbS presents ongoing challenges. This study set out to identify and explore the information requirements at different stages of the decision-making process of coastal NbS. Devel...

This book presents models that capture the nonlinear response of piles subjected to lateral forces. Utilising a consistent approach encompassing new mathematical models, it offers solutions presented as closed-form expressions and underpinned by the same set of 3-5 measurable soil-input parameters. These focus on nonlinear response of mono piles, a...

Damage detection of bridges using vibrations from a passing vehicle has received a lot of interest recently. Though non-modal parameter-based methods (e.g., data-driven approaches) have shown promising results in this context, their advancement towards a comprehensive and rigorous monitoring system is hampered by their overreliance on machine learn...

Steel-concrete composite beams find extensive application in bridge construction, offering adaptability to complex terrains and structural advantages. Nevertheless, a persistent challenge lies in local instability, especially in steel beams with large aspect ratios. This study proposes stirrup-confined concrete-filled steel tube (CFST) composite be...

As future floating bridges gets longer, the likelihood of significant inhomogeneous wave conditions across them increase. Consequently, a proper assessment of the effects of inhomogeneous wave conditions is needed. In this paper, we present an approach to model inhomogeneous sea states by representing the stochastic process using generalized harmon...

The objectives of the present study are to investigate both the history of the collection of scientific instruments from the Maraslean Teaching Center (MTC) and the potential for the collection's use in STEM education programs. Although MTC went by a number of different names during its long history, its institutional goal remained the same: traini...

Directional capacity ratio model Demand-capacity ratio Seismic fragility assessment Highway bridge A B S T R A C T Highway bridges in seismic zones are commonly designed with oblong columns, featuring different force-displacement relationships and seismic capacities along different response directions. However, the state-of-art seismic fragility as...

The use of Building Information Modelling (BIM) models in the design, construction and operation of buildings and infrastructure is leading to a stronger focus on the quality of the models. Models may need correction, enrichment or enhancement to meet the expectations for quality and completeness, especially if models are to be taken as legal docum...

Studies have shown a worrisome condition as to the conservation of Civil Engineering Structures (CESs) in Brazilian highways. This situation mainly results from the lack of an efficient system for managing such structures, specifically during their operational stage, when periodic maintenance is required. As a solution, the Bridge Information Model...

Implementing e-learning in universities has become an obligatory requirement and has been increasingly adopted globally. This study proposes a versatile combined educational model integrating face-to-face and e-learning approaches, including synchronous and asynchronous learning, to bridge the education gap resulting from the sudden transition to e...

Dropout rates in engineering degree programmes at universities are high, and skilled workers are needed. Universities try to prevent dropouts with different offers one of which is attending bridging courses. Research on the effects of these programmes is rare, especially in subject-specific programmes and study formats like cooperative education. F...

We synthesized and evaluated five organic dyes that featured both mono-and di-substituted fluorine atoms for application in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The dye structure was designed with N, N-dimethylaniline as a donor, fluorophenyl as an π-conjugated bridge, and cyanoacetic acid as an anchoring and acceptor group. The fluorine substituent...

This study focused on the seismic responses and numerical model update of fluid viscous dampers (FVDs) isolated cable-stayed bridges excited by ground motions with different frequency contents. A 1/20 scaled three-span cable-stayed bridge was designed, constructed, and tested on a facility with four shake tables. Four ground motions with different...

The aim of this Collection is to provide a platform for networking, communication, and publishing, and also to transfer modern knowledge between scholars in the research field of heat and mass transfer with a focus on heat transfer performance and heat transfer process enhancement. A fairly wide scope of research papers is planned that may cover ex...

This article focuses on enhancing transparency through the integration of authentic user evaluations, placing specific emphasis on the evaluation of the practical performance of the CVNSS 4.0 and Bila project. The primary aim is to provide readers with a comprehensive perspective, empowering them to assess the real-world application and effectivene...

In recent years, the influence of cognitive effects and biases on users' thinking, behaving, and decision-making has garnered increasing attention in the field of interactive information retrieval. The decoy effect, one of the main empirically confirmed cognitive biases, refers to the shift in preference between two choices when a third option (the...

Chemical looping process (CLP) is a novel carbon capture technology for biomass valorization. Low-cost and robust oxygen carrier (OC) is crucial for industrialization of CLP. However, ash in solid fuels will unavoidably deposit on OC and even react with OC, leading to severe agglomeration and sintering which could not only degrade the full function...

Blockchain research tends to focus on technical improvements and their potential for ef-ficiency and productivity, repeatedly at the cost of comprehending the complex recipro-cal interaction between social and technical aspects. One of the technical challenges forblockchain systems is scalability. Interoperability has proven effective in addressing...

Firms struggle with improving end-to-end (E2E) processes due to difficulties in establishing shared E2E process understanding across firm levels. Creating behavioral visibility into processes might provide a solution, but traditional methods are limited in effectiveness. Thus, process mining (PM), offering data-driven process discovery and measurem...

Automation Reloaded: Industry 4.0 in Warehousing Solutions is a testament to Somil's dedication and passion for his field. With his unique blend of hands-on experience and academic achievements, he offers readers a profound exploration of how Industry 4.0 is reshaping the warehousing landscape. Through this book, he aims to provide readers with a c...

This study examined the short-term dynamics between Bitcoin, Ethereum, Litecoin, Clean Energy Fuels, and WilderHill Clean Energy over the period from January 1, 2020, to May 30, 2023. Bitcoin saw substantial price fluctuations over a span of 10 days, highlighting its inherent volatility and rapid shifts in value. In contrast, Ethereum and Litecoin...

Introduction: The pharmaco-invasive therapy, refers to the technique whereby there is a time elapse of 3-24 hours between thrombolysis (pharmaco) and PCI (invasive) when using fibrin specific thrombolytic agents. The aim of this study was to evaluate 74 patients with STEMI over 5-year period who were treatment with pharmaco-invasive therapy in 3 PC...

With the increasing demands for computing powers, wave‐based computation has attracted researcher's attention due to its inherent high speed. Metasurfaces have flexible and powerful capabilities to manipulate electromagnetic waves and are good candidates for building a next‐generation of wave‐based computers. In this work, a computational‐metasurfa...

India is one of the developing country where it proposes to have multipurpose development projects. Large construction of roads, bridges, dams, irrigation schemes, public health engineering schemes, educational buildings and residential buildings etc. all these construction schemes demand optimum and efficient use of construction resources. With th...

In Zambia, the situation of women in positions of power remains a sensitive and controversial issue. Women are mostly subjected to preconceptions that place them in challenging situations. This study sought to explore the experiences of women in management positions, and to examine the hindrances that these women leaders encounter. Using a qualitat...

It is suggested that Pattern-Oriented Designs (PODs) improve the quality of software by embodying design qualities that not only enhance the quality of technical implementations, but also incorporate non-functional, contextual awareness for varying social concerns such as coping with the effects of change, improving maintainability and reducing cog...

Mathematics education program always falls under public criticism because of being unable to produce desirable outcomes. From the beginning of formal mathematics education programs in Nepal, mathematics teaching-learning activities have been dominated by the informing and pouring pedagogy for preparing final examinations. Mathematics curricula, con...

The increasing significance of artificial intelligence (AI) in the field of economics underscores the necessity of its comprehensive integration into economic education. Recognizing this imperative, we have developed an introductory manual aimed at bridging the gap between students and these innovative tools. This manual is characterized by its pra...

Fine-tuning of large language models (LLMs) for low-resource languages, particularly Vietnamese, is confronted with significant challenges. Existing research has identified the necessity of selecting appropriate hyperparameters, such as learning rates, batch sizes, and optimization algorithms, to achieve optimal results during the fine-tuning proce...

As a result of the analysis of the methods of quantitative and qualitative assessment of the degree of risk, the theoretical and probabilistic approach of Professor V.V. Stolyarov was chosen to assess technical and environmental risk, based on the probabilistic nature of the parameters studied, in relation to road facilities.The allocation of risks...

The local structure and molecular interactions of Li⁺ salt in aqueous solutions is important in many fields. However, whether solvent shared ion pairs and the direct contact ion pairs exist in aqueous LiCl solutions or not, and the details about these ion pairs are still under debate. Here, we proposed a novel IR ratio method. Using this method, th...

Social welfare has been believed to be a trickle-down effect of power sector reform policies, and there have been extensive debates on whether the trickle-down happens in reality. Such perceived benefits are arguably not fully realised in an emerging economy like India, where distribution utilities are at the crossroads of financial instability and...

Cables play an important role in the structure of cable-stayed bridges. The cable force is an important indicator for the construction control, health monitoring and performance evaluation of cable-stayed bridges. In practice, the boundary conditions of the cable are complex and changeable, and most of the existing formulas for cable force identifi...

Chemical reactions are the fundamental building blocks of drug design and organic chemistry research. In recent years, there has been a growing need for a large-scale deep-learning framework that can efficiently capture the basic rules of chemical reactions. In this paper, we have proposed a unified framework that addresses both the reaction-repres...

This research paper investigates the profound transformative capacities inherent in Cycle Generative Adversarial Networks (Cycle GANs) within the realm of image processing. The primary focus lies in exploring how Cycle GANs serve as a pivotal bridge, seamlessly connecting the realms of reality and creativity through their unique ability to facilita...

Next Basket Recommender Systems (NBRs) function to recommend the subsequent shopping baskets for users through the modeling of their preferences derived from purchase history, typically manifested as a sequence of historical baskets. Given their widespread applicability in the E-commerce industry, investigations into NBRs have garnered increased at...

Next Basket Recommender Systems (NBRs) function to recommend the subsequent shopping baskets for users through the modeling of their preferences derived from purchase history, typically manifested as a sequence of historical baskets. Given their widespread applicability in the E-commerce industry, investigations into NBRs have garnered increased at...

Synthetic images have been used to mitigate the scarcity of annotated data for training deep learning approaches, followed by domain adaptation that reduces the gap between synthetic and real images. One such approach is using Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) such as CycleGAN to bridge the domain gap where the synthetic images are translated...

Book of Abstract (oral presentations). First Congress of the Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences Institute (Universidad Andres Bello): “Building Bridges between Science and Practice”. 24 - 25 November 2023, Santiago - Chile

Structural health monitoring (SHM) is increasingly being used in the field of bridge engineering, and the technology for monitoring bridges has undergone a radical change. It has evolved from the initial local monitoring and assessment, which relied mainly on manual work, to the current all-round and full-time intelligent assessment provided by int...

Because optimal transport acts as displacement interpolation in physical space rather than as interpolation in value space, it can potentially avoid double penalty errors. As such it provides a very attractive metric for non-negative physical fields comparison – the Wasserstein distance – which could further be used in data assimilation for the geo...

Linguistic immersion has always been considered an important approach to foreign language learning. It is seen as a pedagogical approach that promotes second-language learning. This article highlights linguistic immersion in the context of digital transformation, as compared to traditional language teaching approaches. It also scrutinizes the role...

This study explores the use of neural networks to evaluate stock indices based on stock price movements and interest rate levels. It aims to understand the relationship between these factors and infer the implications for stock performance. This research is motivated by the prevailing assumption of a link between interest rates, inflation and their...

Geosynthetic structures are widely used to prevent destructive anti-erosion, anti-landslide processes in transportation construction. The purpose of this work is to develop a transport structural protective layer with high strength characteristics and the preservation of drainage and anti-erosion properties due to the formation of a flexible volume...

In the leading theory of lunar formation, known as the giant impact hypothesis, a collision between two planet-size objects resulted in a young Earth surrounded by a circumplanetary debris disk from which the Moon later accreted. The range of giant impacts that could conceivably explain the Earth-Moon system is limited by the set of known physical...

The general practice of rainfall-runoff model development towards physically based and spatially explicit representations of hydrological processes is data-intensive and computationally expensive. Physically based models such as the Soil Water Assessment tool (SWAT) demand spatio-temporal data and expert knowledge. Also, the difficulty and complexi...

In the domain of Connected and Automated Vehicles (CAVs), small-scale testbeds bridge expensive testing in the real world and computer simulations. Meanwhile, they offer educational opportunities for students to acquire hands-on experience in areas like control, vehicle dynamics, trajectory planning, and real-time software. At RWTH Aachen Universit...

This study explored the integration of ICTE in the Moroccan education system, focusing on the potential adoption of flipped classrooms for teaching French. 106 teachers participated, showcasing strong technological skills. However, most of them were not familiar with the pedagogy of flipped classrooms. Nevertheless, they expressed eagerness for tra...

This paper develops an improved structural health assessment method for cable-stayed bridge to address the issue of neglecting component correlations in existing assessment standards. Firstly, the directed graph of fault transmission between components in the cable-stayed bridge system was constructed. The Pagerank algorithm was used to analyze the...

The thalamus is the brain's central relay station, orchestrating sensory processing and cognitive functions. However, how thalamic function depends on internal and external states, is not well understood. A comprehensive understanding would necessitate the integration of single cell dynamics with their collective behaviour at population level. For...

A high-power amplifier based on a Modular Multilevel Converter (MMC) has been designed. The circuit topology utilizes a half bridge multilevel converter (chopper cell) based on two legs of twenty (N=20) submodules per arm. This configuration found from the simulations to be the smaller number of submodules that keeps the Total Harmonic Distortion T...

Playing the role of a bridge from north to south and from west to east, the North Caucasus has a strategically important role. Geostrategically, the region serves as a gateway to Central Asia, opening up to Western markets. The North Caucasus is of great importance for Russia, especially in the delivery of Caspian oil to the West. One reason for th...

Bridge infrastructure plays a vital role in facilitating transportation networks and is subject to various types of damage that can compromise its structural integrity. Early detection of bridge damage is crucial for ensuring public safety and minimizing maintenance costs. The present work proposes a spatial transformer-based machine learning archi...

Many physics and engineering applications demand partial differential equations (PDE) property evaluations that are traditionally computed with resource-intensive high-fidelity numerical solvers. Data-driven surrogate models provide an efficient alternative but come with a substantial cost of training. Emerging applications would benefit from surro...

In its archives, the Real Acadèmia Catalana de Belles Arts de Sant Jordi (RACBA) preserves the plans for a wooden bridge erected in 1802 for the visit of Carlos IV and Maria Luisa de Parma to Barcelona. It was built for the purpose of bridging the Royal Palace and the Customs Palace, which were the residences that the authorities assigned to the Sp...

Spin valves with a synthetic antiferromagnet were fabricated by magnetron sputtering. It was shown that the fabricated spin valves had perfect microstructure of layers and smooth interfaces, therefore RKKY interaction dominates in coupling of ferromagnetic layers separated by a copper spacer. Rhombus-shaped microobjects were fabricated from a singl...

China's socialized service industry of agricultural machinery emerged as the times required, which resolved the institutional contradiction between small farm households and large-scale agriculture. However, as cross-operation harvesters are still monitored based on phone calls, the monitoring efficiency and real-time performance are relatively poo...

With adults feeling more isolated and socially disconnected than ever, the association between loneliness and other pathological behaviors has garnered increased attention. Although significant progress has been made in elucidating how loneliness exacerbates maladaptive behaviors like social media addiction (SMA) and the fear of missing out (FoMO),...

Product graphics interchange formats (GIFs) employ this format to show the features of the product and make up for the lack of physical experience online. These GIFs have been widely applied in domains such as e-shopping and social media, aiming to interest and impress viewers. Contrary to this wide application, most designers in this domain lack e...

This review presents an in-depth exploration of the three fundamental scales of brain dynamics -microscale, mesoscale, and macroscale-each offering unique insights into the complex workings of the brain. At the microscale level, we delve into the intricate details of neuronal and synaptic function, highlighting the challenges and technological adva...

The advent of quantum technology holds significant transformative potential for blockchain systems, promising new realms of security, speed, and efficiency. However, the lack of clear guidelines for adopting and implementing quantum technology within blockchain presents a critical challenge. This research aims to address this problem, bridging the...

The advent of soft robotics represents a paradigm shift, incepting an era defined by unparalleled flexibility, adaptability, and a profound embrace of biomimicry. This highlight celebrates one such recent study conducted by Dr. Tadesse and his team, which aims to delve deeper into jellyfish-like self-deployable actuators, thereby bridging the gap b...

Due to the size and opacity of vertebrate brains, it has until now been impossible to simultaneously record neuronal activity at cellular resolution across the entire adult brain. As a result, scientists are forced to choose between cellular-resolution microscopy over limited fields-of-view or whole-brain imaging at coarse-grained resolution. Bridg...

The last decade has witnessed the advance of overlapping community detection based on local expansion. In this paper, we propose a novel local expanding-based overlapping community detection algorithm, denoted by Core and Bridge Seeds Extension, that aims to improve the quality of communities. Instead of the traditional approaches to select the cor...

This research paper explores the current trends in writing a thesis at the Master's level in English of Humanities and Social Sciences. Both the supervisors and mas-ter's level students encounter several problems during the thesis writing process. Most students do not update the MLA and APA formats and other components of the thesis. Then some stud...

Structural health monitoring systems have been employed throughout history to assess the structural responses of bridges to both natural and man-made hazards. Continuous monitoring of the integrity and analysis of the dynamic characteristics of bridges offers a solution to the limitations of visual inspection approaches and is of paramount importan...

The makers of hammered dulcimers in the Appenzell (Switzerland) and Salzburg (Austria) regions are considered artisans of their very specialized craft, and in 2023, dulcimer music is on track to be listed intangible cultural heritage in Switzerland. A trapezoidal wooden case with a bridge, the instrument is beautified with ornaments and symbols of...

With literature serving as a means to convey cultural norms and values across generations, the relationship between culture and literature is intricate and expansive; therefore, translation plays a crucial role in broadening cultural understanding, especially in a globalized world. However, the translation process faces challenges in preserving cul...

Vortex generators and pin fins are conventionally used to deliver fluid mixing and improved convective heat transfer. The increased pressure loss following a fractional increase in heat transfer, as well as the complex manufacturing design, leave room for improvement. The present work proposes a novel diverging–converging base corrugation model cou...