Boosting - Science topic

This study evaluates the effectiveness of AI-supported formative assessments in student-centered learning. Using a reliable questionnaire with a Cronbach's alpha of .854, the research explores teachers' views on AI tools and their impact on formative assessment practices. The findings reveal a generally positive attitude among educators, with an av...

iber-reinforced cementitious matrices (FRCM) are a sustainable solution for rehabilitating aging civil infrastructure. Yet, there is a lack of consistent models for predicting the tensile strength, ultimate strain, and failure pattern of FRCM coupons, posing hurdles against effective design and wider applications. The present study resolves this ga...

The different advancements in the marketing industry over the years have pushed companies to develop and adopt new marketing strategies to support their marketing needs. However, with the increasing demand for a new innovative way of marketing in E-commerce, strategies are suddenly shifting to adapt to these changes. Affiliate marketing is a kind o...

Similar to other geologic hazards, gullies pose significant challenges to Nigeria's southernmost State, requiring a reliable susceptibility mapping analysis to support decision-making. However, challenges exist regarding model recommendations, especially in studies utilizing multiple models that perform well but show visual differences, necessitati...

This research explores the role of investment in research and development (R&D) as a driver of innovation and performance in high-tech and medium-tech sectors in the context of various crises. Therefore, the study aims to analyse the impact of R&D investment on organisational performance under crisis conditions, providing a detailed perspective on...

Grid-connected rooftop PV systems are becoming more popular to promote renewable energy. The rooftop PV may diminish the system's energy efficiency by lowering the power factor (PF) on the grid side. The current work provides a machine learning approach that estimates the necessary capacitor banks to boost the PF to unity, enabling proactive remedi...

Purpose: This paper explores the factors influencing bilateral trade between Egypt and BRICS by employing classic econometric techniques and machine learning methods, specifically Poisson Newton-Raphson, gradient boosting (GB), and random forest (RF). Design/methodology/: The investigation utilizes traditional econometric analysis (Poisson Newton-R...

Exome and genome reanalysis from the Solve-RD cohort done with an automated mtDNA-filtering pipeline and MitoPhen-based HPO phenotype similarity scoring uncovered previously undiagnosed mtDNA variants, boosting the diagnostic yield by 0.4%. Our structured phenotype evaluation highlights how integrated mtDNA analyses improve rare disease diagnostics...

Ionic liquids are unique in their properties and potential to be green solvents. Still, the toxicity concern remains, compelling the need for excellent predictive models for safe design and application. This work reports the introduction of a general, robust meta-ensemble learning framework for predicting the toxicity of ionic liquids using molecul...

Improving operating temperature is a straightforward way to increase the solar-electric efficiency of the concentrating solar power (CSP) through boosting the power cycle efficiency. In this paper, a nanoparticle coating with tungsten (W) nanoparticles is proposed for the next-generation CSP to improve the outlet temperature of the solar receiver t...

Open caissons are widely used in foundation engineering because of their load-bearing efficiency and adaptability in diverse soil conditions. However, accurately predicting their undrained bearing capacity in layered soils remains a complex challenge. This study presents a novel application of five ensemble machine (ML) algorithms—random forest (RF...

Data-driven material designs often encounter challenges from small and imbalanced datasets. The complex structural and physicochemical properties of hybrid halide perovskites, coupled with these limitations, create obstacles for performing feature engineering and extracting key fingerprints. Herein, we employed a physical-informed data-driven model...

Mizoram is a highly agricultural-dependent state located in the northeastern region of India, with a significant agricultural contribution. Presently, the difficulties faced by farmers are selecting crops to be grown without consideration for specific seasonal conditions, favorable climate conditions, or other factors that may affect crop output ar...

The objective of this research was to investigate the impacts of trade logistics and infrastructure on Nigeria’s economic diversification under the framework of the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA). For Nigeria, economic diversification continues to be a dominant goal owing to its dependence on oil exports, which makes the economy vulne...

Seasonal Influenza A/B vaccination is routinely administered in patients with Multiple Myeloma (MM) given their disease-and therapy-associated immunosuppression and risk of infection. Previous data show poor seroconversion rates after one vaccination with an increase to ~ 60% after boosting while the impact of multiple lines of therapy remains uncl...

This article examines Coimbra City Council’s role in meat supply from the seventeenth to early nineteenth centuries. Focusing on public–private dynamics, it highlights how private contractors were tasked with providing fresh meat. The article explores how transaction costs and risk influenced contract delegation, revealing the council’s risk-averse...

Moment retrieval from large-scale video collections aims to search and localize the temporal boundary of a video moment from a collection of numerous videos according to the given natural language query. Existing methods for moment retrieval in a single video is too time-consuming to directly scale to this task due to their sophisticated network ar...

Boosting oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performances of transition metal‐based electrocatalysts via charge localization regulation is an effective strategy to reduce the cost of hydrogen production through water electrolysis, but still remains great challenging. Herein, a CeO2/Ce‐Co3O4 OER electrocatalyst decorated with CeO2 nanoparticles and Ce s...

This article aimed to incorporate the coordinated construction of classifiers to develop a model for predicting the pyrolysis of loose biomass. For the purposes of application , the ground form of pine cone was used to perform the thermogravimetric analysis at heating rates of 5, 10, and 15 • C·min −1. The supervised machine learning technique was...

This study investigates the relationship between asset class volatility and the output gap in selected African countries-Nigeria, Ghana, Cameroon, and Côte d'Ivoire-using machine learning techniques on daily financial data from 2010 to 2022. Employing advanced computational models, including the Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM), the study...

Food has evolved beyond a basic human need into a powerful tool of diplomacy and soft power. In an era where international relations increasingly rely on cultural influence, nations leverage cuisine to promote national identity, attract global attention, and foster emotional connections with foreign audiences. Gastrodiplomacy, as part of soft power...

The safety of urban roads is closely intertwined with residents' daily travel and has consistently been an important research topic of concern. In addition to the subjective behaviour of drivers, understanding the impact of external environmental factors on the severity of crashes is critical to risk management. As a result, this study employed a B...

This project aims to construct and optimize a deception model based on audio feartures, aiming to distinguish between truthful and deceptive narratives. In the era of rapidly spreading digital information, the detection of deceptive audio content has become increasingly critical to combat misinformation. This research collected a dataset of 100 aud...

The demand for movie reviews sentiment analysis is growing rapidly nowadays. This study focuses on the development of advanced text classifiers to address complex classification tasks and proposes three models. The first model utilizes 6 encoder layers to capture information from texts and the second analyzes data using pretrained parameters of bid...

Atomic‐level metal sites at the edges of graphene‐like carbon supports are considered more active for CO2 electrocatalysis than those in‐plane. However, creating high‐density edge‐dominating metal sites, particularly in a simple, scalable, and self‐templated fashion, presents a significant challenge. Herein, a MOF‐mediated self‐exfoliation strategy...

Carnitine is a non-protein amino acid involved in lipid metabolism, respiration, and photosynthesis in plants. Its role in fruit ripening and postharvest quality remains unexplored. This study assessed carnitine’s effects on tomato (climacteric) and strawberry (non-climacteric) fruit. Immature fruit were treated with five carnitine concentrations (...

Artificial Intelligence is a driving force in the digital era, profoundly transforming operations across industries, notably within the media sector. This research paper examines AIs impact on the media industry, focusing on content generation, audience engagement, and media management. Through a systematic review of current literature and case stu...

Purpose The aim of this study was to develop and validate CT venous phase image-based radiomics to predict BRAF gene mutation status in preoperative colorectal cancer patients. Methods In this study, 301 patients with pathologically confirmed colorectal cancer were retrospectively enrolled, comprising 225 from Centre I (73 mutant and 152 wild-type...

This study aimed to predict suicidal ideation among youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) by applying machine learning techniques. A cross-sectional sample of 368 ASD-diagnosed young people (aged 18–24years) was recruited, and 34 candidate predictors—including sociodemographic characteristics, psychiatric symptoms (e.g., anxiety problems and de...

The Cool Japan strategy, integral to Japans post-war cultural diplomacy, has significantly reshaped its international image and enhanced soft power. This study examines the strategys evolution and its role in transforming Japans global perception from a militaristic past to a modern, innovative, and culturally rich nation, while also driving econom...

Urea electrosynthesis from CO2 and nitrate (NO3⁻) provides an attractive pathway for storing renewable electricity and substituting traditional energy‐intensive urea synthesis technology. However, the kinetics mismatching between CO2 reduction and NO3⁻ reduction, as well as the difficulty of C─N coupling, are major challenges in urea electrosynthes...

Turmeric, being the primary source of polyphenol curcumin, has piqued the interest of both the scientific and medical communities, as well as food enthusiasts. Turmeric has long been recognized for its medicinal properties. It is effective in the treatment of anxiety, arthritis, metabolic syndrome, oxidative and inflammatory diseases, and hyperlipi...

Electrocatalytic nitrate reduction reaction (NO3RR) has been recognized as a sustainable route for nitrate removal and value‐added ammonia (NH3) synthesis. Regulating the surface active hydrogen (*H) behavior is crucial but remains a formidable challenge, especially in neutral electrolytes, greatly limiting the highly selective NH3 formation. Herei...

Dual single‐atom catalysts (DSAs), leveraging synergistic dual‐site interactions, represent a promising frontier in electrocatalysis. However, the precise synthesis of dual‐atom pairs and fine‐tuning of their electronic structures remain significant challenges. Herein, we construct a defect‐engineered heteronuclear FeMn‐DSA anchored on a porous nit...

This research investigates how agricultural produce processing using solar PV-powered dryers can promote sustainable rural development in the People's Republic of China. These dryers reduce post-harvest losses and promote environmental sustainability by improving the effectiveness and quality of agricultural product preservation through the use of...

Improving maize yield in newly reclaimed soils presents major challenges. This study analyzed the impact of various irrigation methods (drip, sprinkler, and surface), foliar applications (potassium bicarbonate (PoB), methanol, and water control), and mulching techniques (with and without rice paddy straw) on the growth, physiology, productivity, an...

Glass walls are widely utilized in modern architecture due to their aesthetic and functional benefits. However, their unique optical properties, including reflection, transmission, and low reflectivity pose significant challenges for automated guided vehicles (AGVs) relying on LiDAR-based environmental perception. The presence of glass walls can se...

In this article, an eleven-level modified neutral point clamped (11L-MNPC) inverter is presented. The proposed topology achieves a voltage gain of 2.5, which minimizes the DC-link voltage requirement by 80% as compared to the classical NPC inverter. The circuit comprises eight unidirectional switches with antiparallel diodes, two bi-directional swi...

Early and accurate detection of Heart Disease (HD) is critical for improving patient outcomes, as HD remains a leading cause of mortality worldwide. Timely and precise prediction can aid in preventive interventions, reducing fatal risks associated with misdiagnosis. Machine learning (ML) models have gained significant attention in healthcare for th...

The study examined the impact of artificial intelligence powered chatbots on problem-solving skills and self-esteem of senior secondary school students in the Federal Capital Territory Abuja, Nigeria. Seven research questions and four hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. The research employed correlational survey design. The population co...

Background Metastatic spinal disease often leads to significant morbidity, and accurate prediction of postoperative outcomes can help optimize patient management and resource allocation. The development of such a predictive tool is crucial in clinical decision-making and enhancing patient care. Hence, this study aims to establish and validate an ar...

Executive Summary Purpose The write up examines the potential for transforming Ghana's pharmaceutical sector by integrating a 24-hour economy model. This shift is positioned to address key challenges in local production and improve competitiveness while boosting economic and health outcomes for the nation. Context Ghana's pharmaceutical sector, val...

Caffeine has a significant impact on energy metabolism, primarily by increasing thermogenesis, lipolysis, and fat oxidation. This can offer benefits for obesity treatment, supporting weight loss and appetite control. The objective of this study is to review the literature on caffeine’s effects on energy metabolism and its potential role in obesity...

The EcoGas project installs family and community biodigesters in marginalized rural areas of Mexico to convert agricultural, food and animal waste into biogas (cooking fuel) and biofertilizer. Through Participatory Action Research and Design Thinking, EcoGas trains families in operation and maintenance, reducing firewood consumption, methane emissi...

The study focused on various areas that have contributed towards Tamil Nadu's socio-economic enhancement. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) has been used to determine the significant elements that influence social and economic advancement. The Reserve Bank of India's (RBI) Handbook of Statistics on Indian States is the b...

In this paper, we consider artificial intelligence algorithms in Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) models as an innovative method for improving computational efficiency to predict a large amount of data related to the microtrap parameters of a 2D permanent magnetic lattice. This periodic array is created by magnetic slabs in the x and y...

The need to reduce emissions in the oil and gas (O&G) sector is boosting studies aiming to integrate renewable energy sources (RES) and replace fossil fuel generation. Several studies address the frequency control in isolated grids. Still, there's a lack of studies focused on frequency support in O&G facilities, where high demand, space, and weight...

The remarkable biophysical properties of metastatic migrating cells, such as their exceptional motility and deformability, enable them to migrate through physical confinements created by neighboring cells or extracellular matrix. This study explores the adaptive responses of breast cancer (BC) cell sublines derived from the highly aggressive, metas...

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a global health challenge due to the rise of drug-resistant strains, particularly multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB). This study employs machine learning to predict drug resistance patterns in TB patients using clinical data from Pakistan. We collected a dataset of 400 pre-processed samples with 12 key features, including dem...

In the past 5 years, the COVID-19 pandemic has experienced frequently changing variants contextualizing immune evasion. The emergence of Omicron with >30–50 mutations on the spike gene has shown a sharp divergence from its relative VOCs, such as WT, Alpha, Beta, Gamma, and Delta. The requisition of prime boosting was essential within 3–6 months to...

Air pollution poses a critical challenge to environmental sustainability, public health, and urban planning. Accurate air quality prediction is essential for devising effective management strategies and early warning systems. This study utilized a dataset comprising hourly measurements of pollutants such as PM2.5, NOx, CO, and benzene, sourced from...

This paper describes the design, implementation and use of a new UML modeling tool that represents a significant advance over conventional tools. Among other things, it allows the integration of class diagrams and object diagrams as well as the execution of objects. This not only enables new software architectures characterized by the integration o...

Fluorescent carbon dots (CDs) have become a potent and adaptable nanomaterial in recent years for the sensitive and specific detection of heavy metal ions. Ferric ion (Fe3+) is one of the most damaging metal ions that can infiltrate the human body and the environment. In this study, blue-emitting carbon dots (CDs) were successfully synthesized from...

Achieving a synergistic, rapid, and concentrated energy release process of ammonium perchlorate (AP) is of vital significance for boosting the thrust of composite solid propellants. However, conventional catalytic promoters often exhibit suboptimal catalytic kinetics due to inefficient utilization of active sites. Herein, atomically dispersed Cu‐co...

Study region: The Godavari River basin, situated between the geographical coordinates of 73 • 21′ E to 83 • 09′ E and 16 • 07′ N to 22 • 50′ N, India Study focus: The present study employed an extreme gradient boosting algorithm to enhance bias correction and spatial downscaling of climate model data from the Coupled Model Intercom-parison Project...

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), causing 17.9 million deaths annually (WHO), demand advanced diagnostic tools. This study employs machine learning (ML) on a Kaggle dataset of 303 records with 14 features to predict CVD, introducing a novel feature weight optimization technique to enhance classification accuracy. Eight ML algorithms-Convolutional Neu...

Objectives Malnutrition is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality for children under-5 globally. Low- and middle-income countries, such as Kenya, bear the greatest burden of malnutrition. The Kenyan government has been collecting clinical indicators, including on malnutrition, using District Health Information Software-2 (DHIS2) for over a deca...

Introduction X‐rays of bone fractures immobilised with Plaster of Paris (POP) produce images of reduced diagnostic quality due to the increased density and irregular pattern of the POP overlying the anatomy of interest. Post‐processing parameters in digital radiography (DR) can be applied to POP images to increase diagnostic quality without increas...

The midday meal program is a key initiative that aims to improve school-aged children's health, nutrition, and education. This study carried out in a basic school in Gulariya Municipality, Bardiya District, Nepal, investigates the perspectives and experiences of students, parents, teachers, and the school management committee on the program. Data w...

Improved crop varieties are the result of important plant breeding techniques, have several benefits, such as higher yields, resistance to pests and diseases, and endurance under adverse conditions like salinity and drought. These varieties are losing their uniqueness and health if they are not properly maintained. This is mostly caused by contamin...

Background and Objectives: Dysbiosis of the oral–gut axis is related to several extraintestinal inflammatory diseases, including endometriosis. This study aims to assess the microbial landscape and pathogenic potential of distinct biological niches during endometriosis. Materials and Methods: A microbiome meta-analysis was conducted on 182 metageno...

Landslide (landslide) is a natural event that occurs when the upper layer of the soil slips away when certain parameters are met. This natural event occurs in many places in the world. In Turkey, landslides are observed especially in the Eastern Black Sea Region. Therefore, a landslide susceptibility map was tried to be produced in order to investi...

Silicon/carbon (Si/C) composites have been envisaged as one of the most promising anode materials for the next-generation lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) with high energy density, and constructing reasonable and cross-scale structures is crucial adjective for high-performance Si/C electrodes. Herein, a facile synthesis strategy was developed by combin...

This study investigates the complex relationship between the performance of logistics and Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) performance drawing upon the multi-methodological framework of combining econometric with state-of-the-art machine learning approaches. Employing IV panel data regressions, viz. 2SLS and G2SLS, with data from a balan...

Slope displacements resulting from earthquakes are an engineering demand parameter, and hence, its accurate prediction is of utmost significance in seismic engineering design, risk analysis, and mitigation. This study evaluated the influential parameters in predicting earthquake-induced slope displacements by developing a multivariate adaptive regr...

Objective: To assess the performance of machine learning (ML) models in predicting gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) using electronic health record (EHR) data from the first antenatal visit, and determine whether incorporating previous pregnancies data improves performance. Methods and Analysis: In this retrospective cohort study, several ML mode...

As people increasingly express opinions, offer feedback, and share suggestions on websites, e-forums, and blogs, consumers have come to rely heavily on online product reviews before making purchases or using services. Some spammers deliberately manipulate reviews to either enhance or discredit products, leading consumers to make misguided decisions...

Vacancy engineering is a promising approach to improve the performance of electrode materials in electrochemical desalination. However, common methods for introducing sulfur vacancies are difficult to avoid the disadvantages of requiring high temperature and pressure environments and complex synthesis conditions. Herein, an anion exchange is develo...

Background Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) is a common endocrine malignancy with rising incidence and frequent recurrence, despite a generally favorable prognosis. Accurate recurrence prediction is critical for guiding post-treatment strategies. This study aimed to enhance predictive performance by refining feature engineering and evaluating a...

In modern business environments, identifying anomalous or deviant instances in business process executions is a critical concern for enterprises and organizations. Recent advancements show that deep deviance detection models (DDMs), trained on process traces using (semi-)supervised learning techniques, outperform traditional machine learning method...

Background Brain injury is a major public health issue causing cognitive impairment. Key types include traumatic, ischemic, neurological, infectious, metabolic injuries, and stroke. As populations age, brain injury rates rise, making effective cognitive rehabilitation methods increasingly urgent. Virtual reality sports games, blending immersion and...

Agriculture Data Analysis and Crop Yield Prediction is a project aimed at improving the accuracy and reliability of crop yield forecasting through advanced data-driven techniques. The work utilizes a rich dataset comprising features such as crop type, cultivation state, season, crop year, annual rainfall, fertilizer and pesticide usage, and area un...

End capping of oligonucleotides by modified nucleotides is essential for boosting resistance to 3’ exonuclease degradation, thereby enhancing their stability and therapeutic efficacy in vivo. However, the rationale behind these modifications remains unclear. In this study, we designed a novel nucleic acid analog, eTNA, by replacing deoxyribose with...

Hypertension remains a critical health issue, and complications such as cardiovascular disease, stroke, and renal failure similarly remain a global health concern. This study compared six supervised machine learning models-Support Vector Machines, k-nearest Neighbors, Random Forest Classifier, Naïve Bayes Classifier, Tree Bagging, and Extreme Gradi...

This study aimed to explore the mechanisms and pathways through which firm heterogeneity, environment, society, and governance (ESG) performance, and technological innovation influenced firm exports. Based on panel data from China's A-share main board listed companies between 2015 and 2022, the research empirically analyzed the impact of firm heter...

Periodontitis has turned into a general oral disease defined by chronic inflammation of the gums and helping tissues of the teeth. It dramatically influences both oral and systemic health and is a main trigger of tooth loss. Periodontitis is tightly linked to oxidative stress, and evidence reveals the utilization of certain antioxidants in related...

Circular economy practices in agriculture represent a shift toward resource-efficient, sustainable farming systems that minimize waste and environmental impact. To better understand the behavioral mechanisms underlying their adoption, this study applies the Diffusion of Innovations Theory and the Theory of Planned Behavior to examine how innovation...

Plant growth regulators (PGRs) play a pivotal role in enhancing yield and quality in fruit crops by influencing the biosynthesis, metabolism, and translocation of plant hormones. These exogenous applications modulate hormonal balance by stimulating or inhibiting the production of specific hormones, thereby altering growth patterns and developmental...

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities as their scale expands to billions of parameters. Deploying these large-scale models on resource-constrained platforms presents significant challenges, with post-training fixed-point quantization often used as a model compression technique. However, quanti...

Microgrids (MGs) are a solution to excessive load demand and power grid failure because they provide utility systems with stability and continuous power flow. A controller for a Fuzzy Logic System with neural network that is adaptable (Adaptive Fuzzy Neural Network Inference System) is suggested for a hybrid microgrid that is fueled by renewable en...

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the major causes of cancer-related deaths globally, wherein early detection is key to improved survival. The traditional methods of diagnosis such as colonoscopy and histopathological analysis are subject to limitations imposed by subjective interpretations, high costs, and invasive methods. Although AI-based metho...

This article focuses on the creation of green routes in the region of Attica, with the aim of promoting sustainable development and holistic urban regeneration. Green routes combine environmental, social and economic dimensions to create more resilientand vibrant cities. By integrating natural elements and green spaces into the urban fabric,greenwa...

Tin oxide (SnO2) is considered a candidate catalyst for the electrocatalytic CO2 reduction (CO2R) to formate conversion. However, the self‐reduction of SnO2 to metallic Sn at high current densities leads to an unavoidable sharp decrease in formate selectivity. Herein, a SnO2‐based catalyst (Pul‐SnO2) is synthesized via pulsed electrocatalysis of Sn...

Mucosal delivery of vaccine boosters induces robust local protective immune responses even without any adjuvants. Yet, the mechanisms by which antigen alone induces mucosal immunity in the respiratory tract remain unclear. Here we show that an intranasal booster with an unadjuvanted recombinant SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, after intramuscular immuniza...

Chitosan, a biopolymer composed of D-glucosamine and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine units linked by 1,4- glycosidic bonds, has garnered significant attention due to its versatile applications in agriculture and various industries. Its solubility in acidic environments, primarily due to the protonation of the –NH2 groups, sets it apart from chitin and enhan...