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Blockchains - Science topic

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I was exploring differential privacy (DP) which is an excellent technique to preserve the privacy of the data. However, I am wondering what will be the performance metrics to prove this between schemes with DP and schemes without DP.
Are there any performance metrics in which a comparison can be made between scheme with DP and scheme without DP?
Thanks in advance.
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  1. Epsilon (ε): The fundamental parameter of differential privacy that quantifies the amount of privacy protection provided. Smaller values of ε indicate stronger privacy guarantees.
  2. Delta (δ): Another parameter that accounts for the probability that differential privacy might be violated. Smaller values of δ indicate lower risk of privacy breaches.
  3. Accuracy: Measures how much the output of a differentially private query deviates from the non-private query output. Lower accuracy indicates more noise added for privacy preservation.
  4. Utility: Assesses how well the data analysis task can be accomplished while maintaining differential privacy. Higher utility implies less loss of useful information.
  5. False Positive Rate: In the context of hypothesis testing, it's the probability of incorrectly identifying a sensitive individual as not being in the dataset.
  6. False Negative Rate: The probability of failing to identify a sensitive individual present in the dataset.
  7. Sensitivity: Defines the maximum impact of changing one individual's data on the query output. It influences the amount of noise introduced for privacy.
  8. Data Reconstruction Error: Measures how well an adversary can reconstruct individual data points from noisy aggregated results.
  9. Risk of Re-identification: Measures the likelihood that an attacker can associate a specific record in the released data with a real individual.
  10. Privacy Budget Depletion: Tracks how much privacy budget (ε) is consumed over multiple queries, potentially leading to eventual privacy leakage.
  11. Trade-off Between Privacy and Utility: Evaluates the balance between privacy gains and the degradation of data quality or analysis accuracy.
  12. Adversarial Attack Resistance: Assessing the effectiveness of differential privacy against adversaries attempting to violate privacy by exploiting the noise added to the data.
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Blockchain is a distributed database of immutable records called blocks, which are secured using cryptography. There are a previous hash, transaction details, nonce, and target hash value. Financial institutions were the first to pay notice to it, as it was in simple words a new payment system.
Block is a place in a blockchain where data is stored. In the case of cryptocurrency blockchains, the data stored in a block are transactions. These blocks are chained together by adding the previous block's hash to the next block's header. It keeps the order of the blocks intact and makes the data in the blocks immutable.
A block is like a record of the transaction. Each time a block is verified, it gets recorded in chronological order in the main Blockchain. Once the data is recorded, it cannot be modified.
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Blocks are data structures within the blockchain database, where transaction data in a cryptocurrency blockchain are permanently recorded. A block records some or all of the most recent transactions not yet validated by the network. Once the data are validated, the block is closed. Then, a new block is created for new transactions to be entered into and validated.
A block is thus a permanent store of records that, once written, cannot be altered or removed...
Blocks and blockchains are not used solely by cryptocurrencies. They also have many other uses...
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Will green cryptocurrencies be created with which new, pro-environmental and pro-climate, green economic ventures will be financed?
Is this a purely futurological vision or is it already feasible?
Green cryptocurrencies should be developed according to new eco-innovative technologies, so that their creation, digging will use much less electricity than today. Currently, digging cryptocurrencies still uses as much energy as a medium-sized country on a global scale. The issue of saving electricity consumption is particularly relevant in the context of the current energy crisis and, in the future, also in the context of a multi-year developing climate crisis. Therefore, green cryptocurrencies, which will be used to finance new pro-environmental and pro-climate green business ventures, should also be created using many times less electricity than at present in order to be green in themselves.
In what direction will the development of green cryptocurrencies develop? Will green cryptocurrencies be used to finance new pro-environmental and pro-climate green business ventures or will green cryptocurrencies be cryptocurrencies that are mined using significantly less electricity than at present?
Or perhaps both? This would be best for the environment, the climate and the planet's biosphere.
In view of the above, I address the following questions to the esteemed community of researchers and scientists:
Will green cryptocurrencies be created with which to finance new environmentally and climate-friendly green economic ventures?
What do you think about this topic?
What is your opinion on this subject?
Please respond,
I invite you all to discuss,
Thank you very much,
Best regards,
Dariusz Prokopowicz
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Energy Web, Alliance for Innovative Regulation, RMI, and the World Economic Forum convene various activities in support of the Crypto Climate Accord (CCA). Inspired by the Paris Climate Agreement, the CCA is a private sector-led initiative for the entire crypto community focused on decarbonizing the cryptocurrency and blockchain industry in record time.
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The crypto industry has a unique opportunity
to reduce emissions, showcase industry-wide decarbonization, create new demand for clean technologies, and increase access to customers and capital with interests in sustainability. However, to achieve these goals, any actor in the crypto industry will need a comprehensive way to measure, track, and report their electricity use and the associated GHG emissions. The crypto industry also will need guidance around the pathways and mechanisms available to achieve 100% decarbonization.
——————
The BMC revealed that it successfully collected sustainable energy information from over 32 percent of the current global Bitcoin network in its first ever voluntary survey. The results of this survey show that the members of the BMC and participants in the survey are currently utilizing electricity with a 67% sustainable power mix. Based on this data it is estimated that the global mining industry’s sustainable electricity mix had grown to approximately 56 percent, during Q2 2021, making it one of the most sustainable industries globally.
————————-—
Let's create a new standard.
We believe that it is time for a new way of doing business. The guiding principles of the future economy are sustainability, traceability, and transparency. Our ESG ratings take this new value system into account and promote the development of sustainable crypto solutions.
——————————
Conclusion:
Eco-cryptos, which represent a clean energy index, will surely emerge as a digital currency tool for eco-logical business ventures.
————-—
Ref/
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I was trying to get an insight into quantum computing (QC) for a research purpose. However, every source was filled with lots of technical terms with less explanation. It becomes very difficult for us those who want to learn QC with no knowledge before.
Is there any source where beginners can learn QC with zero background knowledge?
Thanks in advance.
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You are most welcome dear Anik Islam Abhi . Wish you the best always.
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What do you think are the major blockchain research topics for 2022? How will the technology evolve? Will the focus be on scalability, security, or decentralization? Which blockchain will solve the trilemma best? Which applications will enable major breakthroughs? How will established industry players and governments react? How will tokenization (and especially NFTs) further evolve?
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Some of the catchy areas where researchers/industries try to adopt blockchain are as follows:
Transfer of Land Records (Property Record Management)
Digital Certificates Management (Education, Death, Birth, agreements, sale, deeds …)
Pharmaceutical supply chain•e-Notary Service (Blockchain-enabled e-Sign Solution)
Farm Insurance
Identity management
Power distribution
Duty payments
Agriculture and other supply chains
e-voting
Electronic Health Record Management
Digital Evidence Management System•Public Service Delivery
IoT Device Management and Security
Vehicle lifecycle management
Chit fund operations administration
Microfinance for Self-Help Groups (SHG)
Metaverse
Moreover, we have contributed many novel use cases on the blockchain. Please refer to our work
SUDEEP TANWAR'S RESEARCH GROUP (ST Lab)
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Both deep learning (DL) and quantum computing (QC) are emerging technologies in the realm of research. Please share your valuable opinion on the following concerns.
  • How DL can be merged with QC?
  • What are the current challenges in the DL-based QC?
  • What are the tentative application areas for DL-based QC?
Thanks for your time.
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Dear Anik Islam Abhi.
Look the link, maybe useful.
Regards,
Shafagat
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THREAD CLOSED
Dear Sir / Madam, Sir , I wanted to request your participation in filling of questionnaire related to my MS research based upon your experience in Procurement/Blockchain. I am sharing the link of google forms.  I wanted to specially request for sharing it among your connections/known ones having experience in Block Chain please.
With Regards
Naveed Iqbal Khan , MS Scholar Department of construction Engineering & Management NUST college of Civil Engineering , Risalpur , Pakistan
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is it valid up to now, ... So, might my answer helpful for you...
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I am interesting on understanding the cyber risk in blockchains. Everyone talks about how secure blockchains are, but how do we assess that? I mean, how do we know that specific Altcoins are as secure as Bitcoin?
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In general, cryptographic protocols are analysed via security proofs. To come up with security proof, researchers need to have a detailed report of the underlying cryptographic protocol. Such a protocol is usually written in a form of a white (or research) paper.
Cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin, Ethereum, Cardano have white papers. Researchers have analysed and proven the security of such cryptocurrencies, like this paper: https://eprint.iacr.org/2014/765.pdf
However, there are some cryptocurrencies that provide no white papers (or any technical details). Therefore, it is not easy to analyse them and they should not be trusted (unless fully analysed).
Also, the "risk" in this context can be assessed via various approaches, e.g. by analysing the trust assumption and the underlying mathematical assumptions. For instance, you can think of "the factoring problem" which is believed to be hard to solve, but it may not be that hard in the post-quantum era.
I hope that helps.
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Whether a machine learning approach could be used to improved that will outperform if data driven approaches such as machine learning techniques can accurately help block-chain upgradability, scalability and secure solution.
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Precisely yes, There is a scalability challenge due to inherent properties of Ethereum mining that restricts block generation to between 7-15 transactions per second. As a comparison, Visa network processes around 45,000 transactions per second.
Kind Regards
Qamar Ul Islam
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I'm looking for open source or publicly available datasets that deal with transactions and processes on dual token blockchains (i.e., one token for store-of-value/speculation/governance, etc. and a value-stabilized token to pay for transaction fees/operational expenses). Examples (that I am aware of) of dual token platforms would be VeChain, Theta, NEO, and Ontology. Just wondering if anyone is aware of open source datasets for these or similar blockchains.
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I would like to know if any techniques are available to determine the computation complexity, time complexity, and space complexity for blockchain-based systems. Any help is much appreciated.
TIA.
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Is it necessary to calculate complexity analysis for blockchain?
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I have read many papers for this subject. However, many startups are proposing new DLTs for this aiam. Many are based on Ethereum ecossystem, but other ones can be proposed using Cardano, NEO, etc. There is also other DLTs not based on blockchains, for example IOTA. So, what are the best DLTs to develop a new research on fresh food chain with IoT and AI, for instance?
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Why do we need smart contracts just for authenticating a transaction? We can already see examples of smart contracts in our daily life. For instance, a vending machine (a reference made by the originator of this idea Nick Szabo) or a ticket machine. I am a beginner to this topic and I am trying to understand its recent popularity. However, the research papers I have read so far highlight two factors; Automating Transactions and Security due to its immutable nature. But these features are already available even in a ticket machine at a metro station. I would love to hear your feedback on it that why it is important and how it is different from already existing infrastructure?
Thanks a lot!
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It is important to define what kind of contracts are you talking about. Several years earlier smart-contract concept wasn't developed in details. Thus only Ethereum and Bitcoin (with some restrictions) examples were available. Nowaday there are many different solutions with real languages (Go, c++, Python etc.) available for smart-contracts to be written with.
Some contracts are really immutable but others are not. For instance here is a quote from Ethereum Solidity official guide: "The only way to remove code from the blockchain is when a contract at that address performs the selfdestruct operation." It all depends on the technology you are talking about.
Kind Regards
Qamar Ul Islam
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Good day everyone. I'm doing Diploma Research on E-residency and digital identities (international relations) and I found myself in a bit of trouble about answering the question of what does Estonia achieved from the policy so far, what are the political risks, and what are the benefits?
To make a little intro, I want to concentrate on the soft and hard powers states can gain by selling their governance services and legislature to the foreigners and therefore increase the population (in a digital way). Also, I'm mentioning: 1. diaspora (which Estonia can connect back to their homeland), 2. complex citizenship cases (like in Estonia itself (ethnic Russian minorities), and like in northern Ireland (demand on double citizenship), ..), 3. The possible change of traditional understanding of nation-state (borders, citizens...), 4. Blockchains and involvement of private companies in providing government services, 5. collecting private data about e-residents. Can you help me out and like to give me directions?
Thank you in advance.
Best regards,
Luke
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Thank you Douglas Raybeck, it does makes sense. Shouldn't have missed that.
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Dear scholars
Can the blockchain technology (DLT) help tackle the problem of fraudulent diplomas and other academic and professional credentials? Is there a scope for e-government applications for recognition procedures?
I recently published a research article on blockchain, e-government and recognition of diplomas which you can access and download at:
(published by Elsevier, in Research in Globalization).
The focus of the article was not specifically on diploma falsification, but rather on the e-government aspects. Now, I would like to hear from this the RG community what are the views on the potential of a technology such as DLT / blockchain to contribute to a solution to that specific problem. Precisely (because the issue is not new at all), what are the lessons from experiences made? What did work, and what not? What results where achieved in the fight against counterfeit diplomas? What are the current directions both in terms of research and of application in the market?
Many thanks
Christian Pauletto
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Very difficult, you need international cooperation
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The compatibility of DLT-based applications with the GDPR has been reviewed in the past years, but the conclusions were in general not very sharp. Often, scholars underscored the fact that compatibility or lack thereof can only be assessed on a case-by-case basis. This is at least the conclusion I drew in my article on the matter, available at :
.Yet, I wonder if, with the recent developments in technology and applications, and with the better understanding of how the GDPR is implemented, time has come for a renewed assessment of the relationship between the two. Are there ways to make DLT applications a priori GDPR compatible? if so, how? Or, to the contrary, are DLT a priori not meeting the GDPR requirements? and if so why and what should be fixed when it comes to concrete use cases?
Many thanks for a lively discussion.
Christian Pauletto
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It's definitely tricky, as you have two opposing principles:
1) What happens on the blockchain, stays on the blockchain
2) The GDPR "right to be forgotten"
This implies that you can certainly never place any form of personal information on a blockchain, but only links to or hashes of such information. However, this in turn breaks another principle, namely that you should never sign something you don't know the content of. What happend if the information that is pointed to changes? Is it possible to perform a birthday attack on the hash by preparing two different messages with the same hash?
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What can be tentative research areas in which deep learning can be merged with blockchain?
Please share your thoughts.
Thanks in advance.
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I can answer your question by providing brief insights into Blockchain as well as Deep Learning. First of all you must clearly understand the relevance of blockchain technology before you combine it with deep learning.
(i) Blockchain is one of the distributed ledger technology which is the synergy of concepts from cryptography, game theory. consensus mechanisms and distributed systems. Now the blockchain can be primarily used for financial applications for the exchange of cryptocurrencies by recording the transactions in a distributed ledger. To extend its role beyond financial applications, smart contracts are written to program the blockchain.
(ii) Deep learning is a subset of machine learning which can be used as a tool/technique to classify, predict the data given it to from any domain.
(iii) So, when you are trying to combine blockchain and deep learning you must first frame a question- Whether you want to analyze the transaction data within the blockchain or analyze the off-chain data which is being monitored by blockchain?
First identify the purpose of using the blockchain for the learning or analyzing the data. Do not use the blockchain for the purpose of novelty with deep learning.
Please note when you bring the blockchain into the picture latency will be the bottleneck in whichever domain you are going to implement it.
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What is the potential of blockchain technologies (DLT) in the field of e-government, and in particular for procedures for recognition of credentials? If so, what are the specific hurdles in implementing a DLT-based solution in the context of e-administration at transnational level? I recently published a research article on blockchain, e-government and recognition which you can access and download at: (published by Elsevier, in Research in Globalization).
The fact is that beyond bitcoins and some Fintech applications, DLT / BC has led to encouraging use cases in some transnational administrative procedures, e.g. recognition of qualified exporters in the context of customs procedures, or in the field of government procurement bids. But for now that's about it. Are there other example of transnational administrative procedures where BC use cases could be developed? In my article I examine what are the opportunities and challenges of using the DLT /BC in the context of official recognition of foreign diplomas (diplomas earned abroad) by governments. Now I wish to ask the views on that from the RG community of researchers.
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Many thanks
Jaroslav Dvorak
, I also came to the conclusion that there is a reluctance by states to adopt new technologies in their procedures for official recognition of foreign qualifications. But isn't that odd at a time where all governments are talking about digitization of their services to citizens and e-administration? I think it is worth deepening where the obstacles are: on the administration side or on the technology developer side?
Best regards
Christian
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Call for Book Chapters - Apple Academic Press
https://www.appleacademicpress.com › public_files › In...
PDFCall for Book Chapters: Innovations on Cooperative Computing and Enterprise Blockchains. SERIES EDITOR: Cyrus F. Nourani, PhD. Research Professor,.
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Great business model:
-your name is on the book
-free work from authors
-authors have the privilege not to pay to work
-you should try to copyright this win-win business model for publishing.
Great project, I love it!
It reminds me of two references:
REF1: - Roman history, Spartacus "break your chains"
REF2: - Friedrich Engels "On the Condition of the Working Class in England"
[the business model was then less efficient than yours because workers had to be paid, unfortunately]
Read full text here:
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Every time when we have to work on a project we are deploying a smart contract on remix & each time the variables of smart contract get back to an initial state which is technically correct as we are deploying again and again.
However, as a product, it must preserve its state so, how that can be done?? can it be resolved with truffle and ganache or something else??
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السؤال فيس ضمن تخصصي.. عذرا.
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Dear community,
My master thesis will be related to Blockchain, more specifically to auditing this technology.
I am currently creating an IT audit program for Blockchain. This intends to be a general audit program for this technology, including as many areas as possible in order to have one main document that could be used for different audit purposes  (e.g. auditing ITGC, governance audits, etc).
My initial and main contribution to start this project has been the ISACA audit program (https://www.isaca.org/bookstore/audit-control-and-security-essentials/wapbap). The idea would be to have a "2.0 version", including different tabs for other areas, mapping the processes with COBIT2019, adding a few more columns that could help for the testing process and the final result could be an "upgraded" version of the ISACA Blockchain audit program, ready to be used for auditing Blockchain.
What do you think? Any ideas/suggestions?  Has anyone done something similar? 
Regarding the testing of General IT Controls for Blockchain (p.e. a tool with this technology), anyone with expertise on this? I have read a very interesting article about this topic:
Sheldon, Mark. (2019). A Primer for Information Technology General Control Considerations on a Private and Permissioned Blockchain Audit. Current Issues in Auditing. 13. 10.2308/ciia-52356. Available at https://aaapubs.org/doi/pdf/10.2308/ciia-52356
Thank you in advance.
Best regards,
Carlos
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Blockchain is One of the most promising technology.
check topic security of smart contract by blockchain and
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How can we use IPFS with BlockChains to solve different problems.
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IPFS and blockchains may work together well because of the similarity in their structure. In reality, Juan Benet, the founder of IPFS calls this a “ great marriage. ”IPFS is one of a few projects that are part of a community called Protocol Labs, which was also created by Benet. Some IPFS-related projects from Protocol Labs are IPLD (Inter-Planetary Linked Data), and Filecoin. IPLD is a paradigm of distributed data systems such as blockchains. This model allows for easy storage and access to data from blockchain through IPFS. Users willing to store IPFS data will receive Filecoin in return. IPLD allows users to seamlessly interact with multiple blockchains and has been integrated with Ethereum and Bitcoin. In short, IPFS connects all these different blockchains in a way that’s similar to how the web connects all these websites together. The same way that you can drop a link on one page that links to another page, you can drop a link in ethereum [for example] that links to zcash and IPFS can resolve all of that. — Juan Benet
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What connections exist or may exist in the future between Blockchain technology and other online information technologies?
In my opinion, Internet information technologies and Blockchain will be intensively developed in the coming years and there will be more and more applications in which it will be possible to connect technologies typical of the current industrial revolution known as Industry 4.0 as: Big Data database technologies, cloud computing, machine learning, Internet of Things, artificial intelligence, Business Intelligence, Data Mining, Blockchain and other technologies for the analysis and processing of digital information.
Please, answer, comments.
I invite you to the discussion.
Best wishes
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great question
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Dear RG members,
How is Blockchains optimized for IoT-Fog applications? Which are the elements requiring standardization?
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A Review on the Use of Blockchain for the Internet of Things
TIAGO M. FERNÁNDEZ-CARAMÉS1 , (Senior Member, IEEE), AND PAULA FRAGA-LAMAS1 , (Member, IEEE)
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Hello everyone, right now I am working in the very initial phase of a dissertation proposal revolving around the Article 16 and Article 17 of the EU GDPR, and compliance of a Blockchain model to it.
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Whether the blockchain is permissioned or not does not make any difference regarding Art. 16 and 17 GDPR. As long as the blockchain has the standard functionality that you cannot modify any data once they have been included in the blockchain, you can by definition not satisfy the requirements regarding correction or erasure.
A workaround is that the personal data are stored within the blockchain, but the blockchain only contains a link to the personal data. Then you cannot modify the link but you can modify the data itself since they are outside the blockchain.
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I was looking for a simulator to simulate a proof of concept in hyperledger fabric by changing the number of the orderer, endorser, organisation, and also wanted to apply consensus in the network. Is there any simulator which can help me in this regard? I also want to make a transaction by coding (e.g., javascript, java).
Any suggestions?
Thanks in advance.
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As much as I read about decentralized and distributed networks, it becomes more and more difficult to make a clear cut distinction between the two. Kindly, help by providing a clear distinction between decentralized and distributed networks.
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The question is relevant. However I would also add the Topology of the network:
-star shaped
every node connects to a common center O
With N nodes (counting O), that's N-1 links
-meshed
all nodes connect to each other
with N nodes, that's N. (N-1)/2 links
- daisy chained
let us index the nodes i=1... N
Node i connects to i +1, ..., N to 1.
-tree
etc...
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- What are the pros and cons of Smart contracts?
- What are the latest technologies and tools?
- What do you like and/or dislike about smart contracts?
It's an open discussion to help improve our understand of future technologies. You are welcome to share your opinions and experience.
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Dear Nguyen ,
Currently, I'm working on enhancing the security of the smart contract, which focuses on :
1- Design patterns
2- coding and development of smart contract
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Will the use of Blockchain technology improve the security of information transfer on the Internet? Will the development of Blockchain technologies reduce the scale of cybercrime on the Internet?
Please, answer, comments.
I invite you to the discussion.
Best wishes
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Blockchain technology & security system - Interesting - Following .
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Hi, as we know block-chain has become the topic of a lot of researches recently...I 'd like to know is there any practical application for block-chain in future power grids? where? and how?
Thanks in advance.
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You need to know what is block-chain! For authorization, you need a signature or pair of public and private keys. Who can verify or authorize that signature or key?
In a centralized manner, a trusted identity will do that. But in a decentralized manner, multiple identities can be used for verification. Block-chain is nothing but a mechanism of verification using decentralized method. Then, how it can be used in power systems:
1) security communication
2) smart contract in energy trades
3) energy-coin which is similar to bitcoin that you can turn energy to monetary in real-time. This made energy trades become more flexible and smoother.
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I am seeking a reference with a detailed technical (rather than comprehensive) guide for implementing the blockchain through programming including a complete model of one real example not an illustration example.
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I suggest starting with the implementation of a basic peer-to-peer system in which peers can find each other and can exchange messages. Later, you can define your own block structure, consensus algorithm etc. All the details concerning blockchain systems become apparent once you start programming.
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I am doing research on blockchain and how it can affect the tradition banking systems. In case you are interested, I would like for you to answer a short structured questionnaire that will take 10 minutes to complete and give me a better insight of issues within the public blockchain and the banking industry.
In case you decide to help me collect some valuable primary data, here is the link and please leave your name in the end for reference.
Thank You!
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Brian Barnard at first I also thought that the absence of a third party is one of the main reasons for people to use cryptos. Third parties, in general, are responsible for safety and data storage, where blockchain is already successful in these areas. The idea of being able to complete financial transactions without anybody recording, storing and selling data is for some people a good enough of a reason to use blockchain.
Personally, from the very beginning of my research, I thought that trust is the key to answering this question. Some may avoid using cryptos since there is no central authority they trust in case of fraud or scam, that will catch the thieves and return the money. Nevertheless, this is the price for a trusted distributed blockchain that is not owned by anyone and transactions happen directly between the two parties.
I do agree with Peterson K. Ozili that one of the first steps is for governments and regulators to trust the public blockchain, or at least trust its potential. There are banks that successfully use private and centralized blockchains and even introduce their own tokens. I believe that first the technology must progress and more organizations should invest in blockchain research before actually talking about regulatory frameworks and public acceptance. European Central Bank in their latest report mentioned that cryptocurrencies do not meet the predefined function of money and the popularity of the platform is not that high to influence national economy, thus advising to monitor the blockchain development closely and not take serious regulatory, political or economic actions yet.
Basically, to summarize, I think first the user base of the public blockchain and the academic research should significantly increase and only then talk about some type of unified common public acceptance similar to the one that banks have gained over the decades. After that when different businesses and organizations accept the technology it will allow people to pay their daily expenses with Bitcoin hence already affecting the economy.
One last thing, it is safe to say that people look for the most cost-effective ways to live their lives. Nobody will adopt cryptocurrency unless issues like long transaction time or high fees are not fixed.
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What are the specific aspects of a consensus protocol system that I need to pay special attention to in order to come up with a new consensus protocol ?
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You need to think about the following things:
  • How to validate
  • Who will validate
  • How to give incentive to the validators.
  • Processing time.
Thanks.
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I need to implement the decentralized concept of blockchain in vanet and demonstrate it using simulation. I have tried looking up for simulation tools that can help me with vanet simulation, but could not find how to integrate the blockchain part with the vanet in those simulatons. Could anyone help me through this, like which tool can be used or am I following the wrong approach?
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You need to create your own simulator may be in java or in C++ simulating the behavior of normal scenario and the attacking scenario and generate the results. For the blockchain part, you can write smart contracts and live it on some server and dissipate this information via smart contracts in Ethereum among different nodes.
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Amara’s law – that we overestimate the effect of a technology in the short run and underestimate its effect in the long run.
Wiill Amara's law be proven right for blockchain as it turns out we are many years away from enterprise level blockchains
#blockchain
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Trevor Clohessy I would say: YES. Of course, we have to specify what "short run" and "long run" mean in this day and age. I guess it also has to do with the recent hype. During hype times everything is "good" and in the wake of the hype suddently it becomes "bad". I have seen the same phenomenon during the Internet hype.
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Quite an interesting article in the latest edition of Wired magazine which argues that we need to re-secure the blockchain. The article argues that hackers will use quantum computing technologies to hack supposedly unhackable blockchains and that the two technological forces must come together. Can we push for collaboration between these two seemingly competing technologies ?
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Can you please add the link of article? This is going to be a reality one day when the quantum computing technology reaches to more active usage and relevant algorithms are developed. Most of the current encryption algorithms used in crypto technonology (for example RSA) is based on the unique multipliers principle of big numbers. I think everyone can guess the unique multipliers of number 6 is 3 and 2. However, how about a big number with 500 digits? Calculating the unique multipliers for this kind of big number is a challenging task for a regular (or a super) computer which can take hundreds of years. So it is mathematically possible, but practically impossible. That is one of the promises of quantum computing to handle today's impossible computational tasks of today within very short time (minutes, hours??). And solving the unique multipliers of RSA hashes of blockchain (or can be called "hacking") is one of the implementation area of many. I am not an quantum tech. expert, but my primitive guesses point me to the development of quantum resistant hashing algorithms and bringing a new "blockchain" into the world. Having said that, IOTA Tangle is referred with a quantum-resistant hashing algorithm already (though not sure whether really is).
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Received from the above database :
A blockchain is a peer-to-peer distributed ledger (information recorded in a shared database) that enables open and trusted exchanges over the internet without using central servers or an independent trusted authority. Using consensus, a shared record is distributed to all participants in a network to validate transactions and remove the need for a third-party intermediary. In short, blockchains facilitate transparent, verifiable, and secure digital asset transactions with both proof of rights and ownership.
Blockchain has its origins in the secure exchange of digital currency – such as Bitcoin – but its applicability is extending far beyond digital payments and into a number of different industries including financial, healthcare, government and even telecommunications. In fact the number of use cases for blockchain is actually quite astounding:
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In my opinion the article is yet another review that BC may be used in many areas but unfortunatelly without real proposition how to do it.
I will ask only one question which I receive regularly from my colleagues - "Why do you think that a system with BC is better than the some system without BC but with using the usual cyber security instruments? How can you proof it"?
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A recent vaccine scandal in China was made public by a reporter who purchased a quantity of ether and stored his expose on the ethereum blockchain. China are now taking steps to outlaw foreign VPNs and cyrptocurrencies/blockchains and are attempting to create their own censored versions.
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There are two aspects of this question. Technical and ethical. Ethically speaking blockchain design should enable only the trusted information verified by peers. Hence, providing freedom of speech. But technically, this peer verification depends largely on implementation of blockchain network, which is core strength of blockchain. If the network is designed to be manipulated which some governments may do to iron grip on information flow, freedom of speech may not be helped by blockchain.
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Blockchains are changing and becoming faster and at larger scale. However they are not suitable for every approach. I would be most interested in reading a discussion piece as to if a "blockchain" (a highly optimised version of Etherium for instance not Etherium it self) would be suitable for your application.
Certain features, smart contracts, security, resilience, immutability, make it favourable but its increased data size and costs counter this.
Enerchain is a start up working with Eon etc... (all the big European players) doing just this.
Thanks for your time
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Dear All
The attached 'CASTELL - Presentation for The Reg A Conference NYC - Blockchain vs Trust - Cryptic Expert Issues 07Jun2018.pdf' may be of some relevance and interest. Given speed is a critical requirement of HFT, as I understand it, you are not going to get an automatic improvement in speed by use of blockchain, over some other ways of implementation - but it does all depend, one supposes, on what particular element of the specific application process(s) it is wished should be improved/optimised for execution speed.
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Prior to launching the World Community Grid distribution, there's a need for a few more testers. Since you've probably already got the Byteball wallet :
all you need to do, is to create an account on World Community Grid (https://www.worldcommunitygrid.org) download the WCG-client and start it. In the Byteball wallet, pair with the device:
which is the Byteball-bot. It will walk you through linking your wallet with your WCG account.
World Community Grid is a simple way to support cutting-edge research into important global humanitarian causes. Your computer or mobile device could be powering scientific research on health, poverty and sustainability.
Byteball data is stored and ordered using directed acyclic graph (DAG) rather than blockchain. This allows all users to secure each other's data by referencing earlier data units created by other users, and also removes scalability limits common for blockchains, such as blocksize issue.
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In the last couple of months, we have seen an explosion in the blockchain technology mass media coverage, which surged the value of the great majority of crypto currencies worldwide.
I am not interested in the speculation side of this market, but more in the distributed de-centralised system that blockchain provides.
Applications of blockchain is wide, but still, only a few of geospatial examples are found on the internet.
Are you aware of, or can you imagine, a good geospatial application that runs on blockchain?
ps: avoid the public parcels ledger (register) example, that is the most obvious, I am looking for originality.
THX!
NIC
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Have you see Jonas Ellehauge's article in GIM International (October 2016)? https://www.gim-international.com/content/blog/blockchain-in-geospatial-applications-2
More on his Web site, including slides: http://blog.awesomemap.tools/blockchainingeospatial/
I particularly like his IoT use cases.