Bionics - Science topic

Electrodes are used in vivo for chemical sensing, electrophysiological recording, and stimulation of tissue. The electrode configuration used in vivo is often optimised for a specific anatomy and biological or clinical outcomes, not electrochemical performance. Electrode materials and geometries are constrained by biostability and biocompatibility...

The energy loss inside a centrifugal pump has a significant effect on its performance characteristics. Based on the structural characteristics of the humpback pectoral fin, a new tongue was designed to improve the performance of the centrifugal pump. The influence of three sinusoidal tubercle volute tongues (STVT) and one original volute tongue (OV...

The natural design and coupling of biological structures are the root of realizing the high strength, toughness, and unique functional properties of biomaterials. Advanced architecture design is applied to many materials, including metal materials, inorganic nonmetallic materials, polymer materials, and so on. To improve the performance of advanced...

The current study involves an experimental as well as numerical study on the aerodynamic behavior of a flapping-wing rotor (FWR) with different feathering amplitudes (−20°-50°, −50°-20°, and −35°-35°). In order to fulfil the experimental test, an FWR which weighs 18.7 g is designed in this manuscript. According to the experimental and numerical res...

With the rapid development of artificial intelligence and other fields, flexible devices with various functions and response capabilities have become necessary for human–computer interaction. Hydrogels have a bionic three-dimensional elastic crosslinked aqueous polymer network, making them ideal biocompatible flexible sensing materials. In this stu...

A paper‐based naked‐eye recognition assay with enzyme‐encapsulated protein engineered metal–organic framework‐derived biominerals is developed for direct quantification of sarcosine in urine samples for screening of prostate cancer individuals. The detection strategy stems from the successful construction of a cascade response model, which involves...

Polymer matrix is felicitously applied into the active layer and transporting layer of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) to enable a stretchable function. However, the chaotic deposition of polymer chains is the main cause for the inferior photoelectric performance. When the stretchable PSCs are in a working state, the stress cannot be removed effectiv...

Along with the transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry and the arrival of the industrial revolution, the structure of parts is becoming more and more complex, the variety of materials, the demand for cutting performance of tools is increasingly diversified, and the design and development of tools are facing many challenges. By st...

In recent years, robot technology has made great progress, especially quadruped robots. Quadruped robot is a bionic robot that imitates the movement of quadruped animals. For quadruped machines in complex environments, our group first investigate the control of quadruped robots in complex situations. It is found that the current quadruped robots ca...

Graphitic carbon materials (GCs) are attractive as anodes for the industrialization of potassium ion batteries (PIBs). However, the poor cycle and rate performance of GC‐based anodes hinder the development of PIBs. In this study, inspired by the nervous system, neuromorphic GCs (NGCs) are designed to use as potassium anodes with high cycling stabil...

Inspired by various behaviors of creatures in nature, numerous efficient bionic algorithms are designed for dealing with complex clustering problems. As a population-based intelligence bionic optimization model mixes individual information interaction and physical mechanism, the emotional preference and migration behavior clustering (EPMC) algorith...

Based on the basic mechanism and bionics principle that texture affects the dynamic pressure effect of lubricating medium, a V-shaped texture that converges along the sliding direction is designed. Through numerical simulation, the optimal geometric parameters and distribution of the V-shaped and textures are obtained. A textured surface with vario...

With the progress and development of AI technology and industrial automation technology, AI robot dogs are widely used in engineering practice to replace human beings in high-precision and tedious industrial operations. Bionic robots easily produce control errors due to the influence of spatial disturbance factors in the process of pose determinati...

This study aims to investigate the blood flow in bionic artificial blood vessels and to reduce the resistance to blood flow, the drag reduction characteristics of V-shaped groove drag reduction microstructures in artificial blood vessel structures were investigated in depth. By varying the parameters of incoming flow velocity, groove width, and gro...

This paper presents a bionic cable-driven mechanism to simulate the motion of human wrist which is suitable for human forearm–wrist rehabilitation. It fulfills workspace of the human forearm–wrist and it can train the joint in active and passive. With three degrees of freedom, it completes the supination/pronation of the forearm, the radial/ulnar d...

Recent advances in bionics have made it possible to create various tissue and organs. Using this cell culture technology, engineers have developed a robot driven by three-dimensional cultured muscle cells (bioactuator)—a muscle cell robot. For more applications, researchers have been developed various tissues and organs with bio3D printer. However,...

Ocean flows and their interactions with marine structures, vehicles, etc., are of great importance for the research of marine science and technology. The revealing of their mechanisms inevitably involves fluid mechanics. Computational fluid mechanics techniques are developing to a higher level nowadays, with the flourishing of computer science. It...

Bionic compound eye lenses have been widely researched to explore the application in the fields of optics, electronics, and medicine. In this paper, a two-step method was proposed to prepare a bionic compound eye lens, in which the mask photocuring was carried out after 3D printing. The image of the white light distributed on the surface of lens wi...

Engineering marvels found throughout the exclusive structural features of biological surfaces have given rise to the progressive development of skin friction drag reduction. However, despite many previous works reporting forward drag reduction where the bio-inspired surface features are aligned with the flow direction, it is still challenging to ac...

We report the effects of a laser-oxidized single layer graphene (SLG) surface on the self-assembly of amphiphilic gelator N-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl-L-phenylalanine (Fmoc-Phe) towards an gel-SLG interface. Laser oxidation modulates the levels of hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity on the SLG surface. Atomic force, scanning electron, helium ion and scatte...

Increasing pollution from industrial wastewater containing oils or organic solvents poses a serious threat to both the environment and human health. Compared to complex chemical modifications, bionic aerogels with intrinsic hydrophobic properties exhibit better durability and are considered as ideal adsorbents for oil-water separation. However, the...

In the face of a small and complex unstructured environment, squid has a high advantage in using jet propulsion. Compared with other fishes, squid has a simpler locomotion form and biological structure, and its propulsion is more direct, making it an excellent bionic prototype. Inspired by squid, this paper proposes a jet-propelled robotic fish, ca...

The slipper pair is the crucial friction pair of the seawater axial piston pump. Taking seawater as the working medium will inevitably affect the bearing performance of the slipper pair. In this paper, a seawater axial piston pump slipper pair model with a composite bionic micro-texture of the first-stage circular pit and the second-stage circular...

The complex structures and functional material systems of natural organisms effectively cope with crisis-ridden living environments such as high temperature, drought, toxicity, and predator. Behind these excellent survival strategies evolved over hundreds of millions of years is a series of effective mechanical, optical, hydraulic, and electromagne...

The direct C–H multifunctionalization of quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones via multicomponent reactions has attracted considerable interest due to their diverse biological activities and chemical profile. This review will focus on recent achievements. It mainly covers reaction methods for the simultaneous introduction of C–C bonds and C–RF/C/O/N/Cl/S/D bonds i...

Stress concentration and hysteresis often occur in polymer hydrogels under large deformation, affecting their mechanical properties, and durability. Here, a new spatial confinement gelation strategy is proposed for fabrication of hysteresis‐free polymer hydrogels, and stress concentration is avoided. Experimental results and theoretical calculation...

The article deals with the problem of the relationship between identity, the environment, and viability, discussing evolution in viable systems. On a logical structure of argumentative analysis, the article uses cybernetic, and evolutionary theories, for suggesting the way the environment shapes systems. It presents the idea that viability in syste...

The treatment of irregular bone defects remains a clinical challenge since the current biomaterials (e.g., calcium phosphate bone cement (CPC)) mainly act as inert substitutes, which are incapable of transforming into a regenerated host bone (termed functional bone regeneration). Ideally, the implant degradation rate should adapt to that of bone re...

Compliant flexure joints have been widely used for cable-driven soft robotic hands and grippers due to their safe interaction with humans and objects. This paper presents a soft and compliant revolute flexure joint based on the auxetic cellular mechanical metamaterials with a heterogeneous structure. The heterogeneous architecture of the proposed m...

The catalytic function of the water-splitting complex of photosynthesis II is still a scientific riddle. The center of the water-splitting complex is the oxygen-evolving center described as an heterometallic-oxide Mn4O5Ca Cluster with a “cube with backrest” stereometric structure. The correlation of the oxygen-evolving center with the five step KOK...

Deep application of liquid fertilizer is a technique that applies liquid fertilizer deep near the root system of crops, which has many advantages such as high fertilizer utilization rate and low environmental pollution. However, high power and high specific energy consumption caused by soil-engaging components in liquid fertilizer deep application...

Bionic devices for reestablishing or augmenting users' capabilities (e.g., bionic prostheses or exoskeletons) are becoming increasingly common. While prior research examined how such devices affect others’ perceptions of their users, little is known about how these devices affect users’ self-image and -perception, and the corresponding theory is sc...

Aiming at the problems of weak driving ability and low torsional stiffness of a pneumatic flexible arm, a new type of pneumatic flexible arm is developed using three fan-shaped driving cavities and convex–concave nested constraint ring structure. A prototype was constructed, and a static model of the elongation and bending characteristics of the fl...

When a quadruped robot is climbing stairs, due to unexpected factors, such as the size of the differing from the international standard or the stairs being wet and slippery, it may suddenly fall down. Therefore, solving the self-recovery problem of the quadruped robot after falling is of great significance in practical engineering. This is inspired...

Passive path tracking training is usually used for robot assisted lower limb rehabilitation. The movement of robot will cause the fluctuation of joint force. This paper presents an optimal training path planning algorithm to reduce the patient's joint force caused by a moveable multifunction rehabilitation robot during passive pedaling training. Th...

In this study, a composite process consisting of laser surface texture imitating fish scale shapes and plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) was used on the surface of aluminum alloy metals to prepare wear- and corrosion-resistant coatings. Before the conventional plasma electrolytic oxidation, the laser was used to prepare the imitation fish scale s...

The intracellular delivery of messenger (m)RNA holds great potential for the discovery and development of vaccines and therapeutics. Yet, in many applications, a major obstacle to clinical translation of mRNA therapy is the lack of efficient strategy to precisely deliver RNA sequence to liver tissues and cells. In this study, we synthesized virus-l...

Moisture‐responsive actuators are widely used as energy‐harvesting devices due to their excellent ability to spontaneously and continuously convert external energy into kinetic energy. However, it remains a challenge to sustainably synthesize moisture‐driven actuators. Here, we present a sustainable zero‐waste emission methodology to prepare soft a...

Processing multiple channels of bioelectrical signals for bionic assistive robot volitional motion control is still a challenging task due to the interference of systematic noise, artifacts, individual bio-variability, and other factors. Emerging machine learning (ML) provides an enabling technology for the development of the next generation of sma...

In order to explore a new method of aerodynamic drag reduction for high-speed trains, the numerical calculation method based on SST k-ω was used to explore the influence of jets at different positions of the train body, joints, tail and different speeds on the turbulent flow field and aerodynamic drag around the train. The research results show tha...

Inspired by pigeon feathers, the drag-reducing contribution of spanwise grooves was studied. Surface topography of the wing feather was scanned by an instrument of white light interference. Three types of grooves of triangle, rectangle, and trapezoid were adopted based on the unsymmetric microstructures found on the feather surface. Numerical simul...

Diving beetle, an excellent biological prototype for bionic underwater vehicles, can achieve forward swimming, backward swimming, and flexible cornering by swinging its two powerful hind legs. An in-depth study of the propulsion performance of them will contribute to the micro underwater vehicles. In this paper, the kinematic and dynamic parameters...

Biological receptor-ligand adhesion governed by mammalian cells involves a series of mechanochemical processes that can realize reversible, loading rate-dependent specific interfacial bonding, and even exhibit a counterintuitive behavior called catch bonds that tend to have much longer lifetimes when larger pulling forces are applied. Inspired by t...

GelStereo sensing technology is capable of performing three-dimensional (3D) contact shape measurement under various contact structures such as bionic curved surfaces, which has promising advantages in the field of visuotactile sensing. However, due to multi-medium ray refraction in the imaging system, robust and high-precision tactile 3D reconstru...

Eremin N.A., Mogucheva E.A., Lazutkina N.E., Srebrodolskaya M.A. Construction of wells in salt dome structures. Actual problems // Neftegaz.Ru Business Journal, No. 2 (134), 2023, p. 92-95. ISSN: 2410-3837 (In Russian).The work is devoted to the issue of building high-tech wells of a complex profile in the fields adjacent to salt domes. The salt-do...

Underwater robotics is rapidly evolving due to the increasing demand for marine resource exploitation. Compared with rigid robots propelled by propellers, bionic robots are stealthier and more maneuverable, such as autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) and remotely operated vehicles (ROVs), making them widely used underwater. In order to study the...

Wide field of view and polarization imaging capabilities are crucial for implementation of advanced imaging devices. However, there are still great challenges in the integration of such optical systems. Here, we report a bionic compound eye metasurface that can realize full Stokes polarization imaging in a wide field of view. The bionic compound ey...

The existing computer neural network has relatively poor fault tolerance under the condition of internal dendritic inactivation, that is, when some neurons die or neuronal dendrites are inactivated, the function of the neural network will change greatly. We consider that the reason is the design of computer neural networks is too simple to recogniz...

Finding eco-friendly, sustainable, and alternative materials for plastic products is an effective way to solve the plastic pollution problem. In this study, inspired by the exquisitely ordered “Brick-and-mortar” structure and excellent multi-layered interface of freshwater mussel (Cristaria plicata), we have used a simple and effective “bottom-up”...

Nature provides plenty of good examples for simple and very efficient joint assemblies. One example is the enormously flexible cervical spine of American barn owls, which consists of 14 cervical vertebrae. Each pair of vertebrae produces a comparatively small individual movement in order to provide a large overall movement of the entire cervical sp...

The influence of manganese ions (30, 60 and 90 mg/l) on the functioning of the photosystem II (PSII) in leaves was assessed on plants of six spring barley cultivars (Belgorodsky 100, st.). The plants were grown on a complete Knop medium without (control) and with the addition of manganese ions (experiment) under natural light conditions. On 14-day-...

Nature provides plenty of good examples for simple and very efficient joint assemblies. One example is the enormously flexible cervical spine of American barn owls, which consists of 14 cervical vertebrae. Each pair of vertebrae produces a comparatively small individual movement in order to provide a large overall movement of the entire cervical sp...

In complex and extreme environments, such as pipelines and polluted waters, gait programming has great significance for multibody segment locomotion robots. The earthworm-like locomotion robot is a representative multibody bionic robot, which has the characteristics of low weight, multibody segments, and excellent movement performance under the des...

In this paper, I present a multidisciplinary approach to establishing the maximum loaded cross-section of the elastic element of the bionic displacement system (whose conception must base on the principle of biomimicry), as well as the evaluation of the state of stresses and strains respectively of the accumulated potential deformation energy. This...

Dielectric elastomer actuation has been extensively investigated and applied to bionic robotics and intelligent actuators due to its status as an excellent actuation technique. As a conical dielectric elastomer actuator (DEA) structure extension, push-pull DEA has been explored in controlled acoustics, microfluidics, and multi-stable actuation due...

A bstract Manual interactions with objects are supported by tactile signals from the hand. This tactile feedback can be restored in brain-controlled bionic hands via intracortical microstimulation (ICMS) of somatosensory cortex (S1). In ICMS-based tactile feedback, contact force can be signaled by modulating the stimulation intensity based on the o...

Highlights Various cross-sectional bionic microchannels were fabricated by P µ SL based 3D printing technique. Strong precursor effects are induced by sharp corners of those bionic microchannels. Ultra-long distance antigravity step lifting of water is realized by employing bionic microchannels. Mimicked transpiration based on step lifting of bioni...

To study the method of reducing the low-frequency vibration noise of the tire, a passenger car tire(205/55R16) is taken as the research object. The dynamic grounding characteristics and vibration reduction mechanism of the cat's paw pad are analyzed. The research showed that the swing deformation characteristics of paw pads during the walking proce...