Biomolecules - Science topic

Gas vesicles (GVs) based on acoustic reporter genes have emerged as potent contrast agents for cellular and molecular ultrasound imaging. These air-filled, genetically encoded protein nanostructures can be expressed in a variety of cell types in vivo to visualize cell location and activity or injected systemically to label and monitor tissue functi...

Les algues présentent une complexité et un immense potentiel à travers une exploration approfondie de leurs caractéristiques, de leurs applications et de leur impact sur divers secteurs. Ce livre met en lumière leur rôle crucial dans les écosystèmes marins, ainsi que leur capacité à offrir des solutions innovantes aux défis environnementaux et écon...

Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) is a powerful technique with widespread applications in various scientific fields, including biology. It operates by precisely detecting the interaction between a sharp tip and a sample surface, providing high‐resolution topographical information and mechanical properties at a nanoscale. Through the years, a deeper und...

The research focuses on conducting a comprehensive biosensing analysis of a ferroelectric Negative Capacitance Biosensor TFET (FNCBTFET) a biosensor designed using an inventive dielectric modulation technique. An important feature of this biosensor is the deliberate integration of nano-cavities near both the source and drain regions, leading to an...

Molecular recognition driven by molecular interactions is an intricate part of drug discovery and targeted drug delivery systems due to the dependence of thetherapeutic properties of drugs on interaction with desired target biomolecules as receptors. 2-(4-Aminophenyl) benzothiazole (APB), a heterocyclic molecule containing a benzothiazole nucleus,...

Mastitis is one of the most common infectious diseases that causes the financial losses for dairy farms. The primary step between determining the etiology of the disease and finding a treatment is accurate diagnosis. Researchers make an effort to develop sensitive, specific, rapid, and cost-effective diagnostic methods for bovine subclinical mastit...

In the contemporary world of climatic changes and the increasing requirement for feeding the population, more ways to increase the crop yields are desired. The crop improvement depends mainly on the efficiency of the photosynthesis, since it is the main source of energy, and also the macroelement carbon, being assimilated from the atmospheric CO2 f...

The most prevalent and harmful injuries are burns, which are still a major global health problem. Burn injuries can cause issues because they boost the inflammatory and metabolic response, which can cause organ malfunction and systemic failure. On the other hand, a burn wound infection creates an environment that is conducive to the growth of bacte...

Titanium (Ti) and its alloys are widely utilized in orthopedic and dental applications due to their favorable mechanical properties and biocompatibility. Notably, titanium exhibits excellent corrosion resistance and can form a stable oxide layer, ensuring the longevity and functionality of implants in challenging physiological environments. This st...

Small subcellular organelles orchestrate key cellular functions. How biomolecules are spatially organized within these assemblies is poorly understood. Here, we report an automated super-resolution imaging and analysis workflow that integrates confocal microscopy, morphological object screening, targeted 3D super-resolution STED microscopy and quan...

The study of biomolecules and their interactions in their natural environment requires increasingly sophisticated technological and methodological developments. The complexity of these developments is due, among other things, to the nature of these molecules and the small quantities available depending on their origin. In this context, this study f...

The blood‐brain barrier (BBB), which protects the brain from foreign molecules, makes delivery of drugs to the central nervous system is challenging. Nanoparticles (NPs) have been used over the past decade as drug delivery systems for the treatment of many disorders with great results. However, the effectiveness of NPs in delivering drugs to the br...

Surface plasmon resonance (SPR)–based biosensors have been an emerging area in recent years in the field of nanotechnology for biomolecule detection. Such sensors can be a replacement for traditional bulky sensors that are available in industries. Our study aims to design a less complex structure that can detect haemoglobin (Hb) concentration in bl...

The repair and regeneration of tissues and organs using engineered biomaterials has attracted great interest in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Recent advances in organoids and engineered organs technologies have enabled scientists to generate 3D tissue that recapitulate the structural and functional characteristics of native organs,...

Biomolecular imaging techniques have emerged as powerful tools in agricultural research, providing unprecedented insights into biomolecules' structure, function, and interactions within plant systems. These techniques, ranging from fluorescence microscopy to advanced imaging modalities like magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tom...

Life in hyperarid regions has adapted to extreme water scarcity through mechanisms like salt deliquescence. While halite (NaCl) crusts have been intensively studied and identified as one of the last habitats under hyperarid conditions, other less common hygroscopic salt crusts remain unexplored. Here, we investigated newly discovered deliquescent s...

The filtrate of the nematophagous fungus Duddingtonia flagrans produces silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with nematicidal potential. However, there are currently no reports of its activity against Toxocara canis eggs. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential ovicidal activity of AgNPs–D. flagrans on T. canis eggs. T. canis eggs were obtai...

A wide range of studies have documented the role of oxidative stress in the development of chronic pathological disorders and even in the aging itself. However, its significance to modern animal health and welfare remains neglected. Oxidative stress in biological systems refers to a disturbance in the balance between pro-oxidants and antioxidants i...

Precise and feasible detection of various cancers and viruses is a challenging task nowadays; enhancement of various parameters like sensitivity, limit of detection (LOD), stability etc., using physics-based models emerging for further enhancement of these quantities is recommended development of analytical models. In this research, we propose an A...

Internal alkynes are often contained in bioactive pharmaceuticals and crucial intermediates in material sciences, yet their production methods are often limited and challenging, necessitating the development of more efficient and versatile synthetic routes. Here we report a method of deoxygenative alkynylation of alcohols via flow photochemistry. F...

Cargo-filled protein cages are powerful tools in biotechnology with demonstrated potential as catalytic nanoreactors and vehicles for targeted drug delivery. While endogenous biomolecules can be packaged into protein cages during their expression and self-assembly inside cells, synthetic cargo molecules are typically incompatible with live cells an...

Anomalous diffusion, characterized by deviations from classical Brownian motion, is observed in many complex systems across various disciplines, such as physics, biology, finance, and engineering. Unlike standard diffusion, which follows Fick's laws and is governed by integer-order differential equations, anomalous diffusion often exhibits non-line...

Electrochemical biosensors have emerged as predominant devices for sensitive, rapid, and specific sensing of biomolecules, with significant applications in clinical diagnostics, environmental observation, and food processing. The improvement of inventive materials, especially carbon-based materials, and metal/metal oxide nanoparticles (M/MONPs), ha...

Molecular imprinting technology (MIT), a synthetic strategy to create tailor-made molecular specificity, has recently achieved significant advancements. Epitope imprinting strategy, an improved MIT by imprinting the epitopes of biomolecules (e.g., proteins and nucleic acids), enables to target the entire molecule through recognizing partial epitope...

Optically-addressable spin qubits form the foundation of a new generation of emerging nanoscale sensors. The engineering of these sensors has mainly focused on solid-state systems such as the nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond. However, NVs are restricted in their ability to interface with biomolecules due to their bulky diamond host. Meanwhil...

Peroxynitrite (ONOO⁻) is a quintessential reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS), renowned for its potent oxidizing and nitrifying capabilities. Under normal physiological conditions, a baseline level of ONOO⁻ is present within the body. However, its production escalates significantly in response to oxidative stress. ONOO...

Aldehydes are ubiquitous in star-forming regions and carbonaceous chondrites, serving as essential intermediates in metabolic pathways and molecular mass growth processes to vital biomolecules necessary for the origins of life. However, their interstellar formation mechanisms have remained largely elusive. Here, we unveil the formation of lactaldeh...

Proteins are highly complexed biomolecules made up of amino acids, which play very critical and vital role in living organisms. Proteins are present in most of the biological samples and their estimation is essential to understand a formulated product and to get valuable information about those biological products. The purpose of this study is to r...

Water plays a fundamental role in the structure and function of proteins and other biomolecules. The thermodynamic profile of water molecules surrounding a protein are critical for ligand binding and recognition. Therefore, identifying the location and thermodynamic behavior of relevant water molecules is important for generating and optimizing lea...

Proteins are biological macromolecules well known to regulate many cellular signaling mechanisms. For instance, they are very appealing for their application as therapeutic agents, presenting high specificity and activity. Nonetheless, they suffer from unfolding, instability and low bioavailability making their administration through systemic and o...

To overcome the drug resistance in MCF7 cancer cells and enhance their sensitivity to cisplatin, a liposomal (Lip) nanocarrier modified by arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) to co-deliver cisplatin (Cis) and miRNA biomolecule (miR-34a) was investigated. The efficiency of this nanocarrier was evaluated through in vitro and in vivo assays against M...

The study of the interactions between biomolecules and nanostructures is quite fascinating. Herein, the adsorption propensity of beryllium oxide (Be12O12) nanocarrier toward nucleobases (NBs) was investigated. In terms of DFT calculations, the adsorption tendency of Be12O12 toward NBs, including cytosine (NB-C), guanine (NB-G), adenine (NB-A), thym...

Modelagem molecular pode ser definida como a implementação de formalismos da química teórica em algoritmos de cálculos computacionais para estudar a estrutura e o comportamento dos materiais em escala atômica. Tais ferramentas incluem desde o tratamento dos átomos como a menor unidade individual (mecânica molecular) até a consideração explícita de...

The considerations of this article were originally inspired by large language models leading to the earlier speculations about whether the computers might be conscious entities in the TGD based quantum ontology (zero energy ontology). Quantum gravitation in the TGD sense would play a key role in guaranteeing quantum coherence even in astrophysical...

Tamarind seed polysaccharide (TSP) is a neutral water-soluble galactoxyloglucan isolated from the seed kernel of Tamarindus indica with average molecular weight (Mw) 600–800 kDa. The high viscosity of TSP slows solubilisation, and the absence of charged substituent hinders the formation of electrostatic interactions with biomolecules. TSP was sulph...

Background Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as an exciting tool for targeted delivery of therapeutics for a wide range of diseases. As nano-scale membrane-bound particles derived from living cells, EVs possess inherent capabilities as carriers of biomolecules. However, the translation of EVs into viable therapeutic delivery vehicles is cha...

We report on recent developments that enable megahertz hard X‐ray phase contrast imaging (MHz XPCI) experiments at the Single Particles, Clusters, and Biomolecules and Serial Femtosecond Crystallography (SPB/SFX) instrument of the European XFEL facility (EuXFEL). We describe the technical implementation of the key components, including an MHz fast...

Nanoparticles (NPs) in contact with biological fluid adsorb biomolecules into a corona. This corona comprises proteins that strongly bind to the NP (hard corona) and loosely bound proteins (soft corona) that dynamically exchange with the surrounding solution. While the kinetics of hard corona formation is relatively well understood, thanks to exper...

The natures of interaction between caffeine or nicotine molecules and Au-functionalized arsenene substrates were investigated using the first-principles calculations including van der Waals (vdW) correction. Thus, arsenene-based systems decorated with Au atoms are constructed and optimized. The interaction and sensing properties of caffeine and nic...

Correction for ‘Controllable biomolecule release from self-assembled organic nanotubes with asymmetric surfaces: pH and temperature dependence’ by Naohiro Kameta et al. , Soft Matter , 2008, 4 , 1681–1687, https://doi.org/10.1039/B803742F.

The advent of new strains of resistant microbes and the concomitant growth in multidrug resistance have made antimicrobial resistance an urgent public health concern. New antimicrobials are desperately needed to boost the success rates of treating infectious diseases and save lives. There are many intriguing biomolecules with antibacterial action,...

1,4-Dihydronicotinamide derivatives, including 1-methyl-1,4-dihydronicotinamide (MNAH), are derivatives of the active center of nicotinamide coenzyme (NADH) and are therefore potent radical scavengers. MNAH serves as a useful model of NADH that allows for modeling studies to address the activity of this important biomolecule. In this work, MNAH act...

This study introduces a dual-band plasmonic absorber designed for simultaneous sensing applications in the near-infrared (NIR) and mid-infrared (MIR) regions. The absorber, composed of silver nanostructures on a metal plate with a dielectric spacer, exhibits a combination of localized and gap surface plasmon resonances, resulting in two distinct ab...

High flow events in headwater catchments are associated with changes in the dissolved organic matter (DOM) composition. The aim of this work was to determine whether these changes are characteristic of headwater catchments and similar to what has been observed in other catchments. The evolution of theDOMcomposition during flood events was studied f...

In neuroscience research, chiral metabolomics is an emerging field, in which D-amino acids play an important role as potential biomarkers for neurological diseases. The targeted chiral analysis of the brain metabolome, employing liquid chromatography (LC) coupled to mass spectrometry (MS), is a pivotal approach for the identification of biomarkers...

Hyperpolarization of ¹³C nuclei in biomolecules and their administration as imaging agents enables in‐vivo monitoring of metabolism. This approach has demonstrated potential for deriving imaging biomarkers for cancer detection, differentiation, and therapy efficacy assessment. The in situ generation of polarized substrates using a permanent additio...

Nanoparticle-based colorimetric detection has emerged as a prominent sensing method owing to its unique optical properties. However, direct exposure of metallic nanoparticles (NPs) to environmental elements compromises their stability, sensitivity, and selectivity, hindering their performances as sensing probes and limiting widespread application d...

Bioorthogonal click‐release chemistry is a cutting‐edge tool for exploring and manipulating biomolecule functions in native biological systems. However, it is challenging to achieve the precise regulation or therapy of individual cells via click‐release strategies driven by proximity and thermodynamics. Herein, we propose a novel photoclick‐release...

Obtaining new materials by exploiting the self-assembly of biomolecules is a very challenging field. In recent years, short peptides and nucleic acids have been used as scaffolds to produce supramolecular structures for different applications in the biomedical and technological fields. In this review, we will focus on the self-assembly of peptide n...

Recent clinical outbreaks of infectious diseases caused by pathogenic microorganisms, such as viruses, bacteria, and fungi, along with the emergence of unwanted microorganisms in industrial settings, have significantly reduced efficiency. Graphene has recently attracted significant attention as a potential antimicrobial agent because of its low tox...

We report the development of a diglycosyldiselenide-based fluorescent probe for the rapid detection of sulfhydryl-containing biomolecules. The probe facilitates a chemoselective coupling reaction with sulfhydryl groups in aqueous buffer under ambient conditions, resulting in the formation of homogeneous Se–S conjugates within one hour. Using glutat...

Biosurfactants are a group of environmentally friendly amphiphilic molecules that are applicable in numerous industries as essential biotechnology products, such as food production, cleaning products, pharmacology, cosmetics, pesticides, textiles and oil and gas fields. In this sense, and knowing the potential of these biomolecules, the aim of this...

The discrepancy between model predictions and actual processes, known as process-model mismatch (PMM), remains a substantial challenge in bioprocess optimization. We previously introduced a hybrid in silico/in-cell controller (HISICC) that combines model-based optimization with cell-based feedback to address this problem. Here, we extended this app...

The solubilities of benzoic acid, (S)-hesperetin, and l-tryptophan in aqueous solutions of ionic liquids (choline glycolate and choline malonate) and the analogous eutectic solvents (choline chloride:glycolic acid and choline chloride:malonic acid) were studied. It is shown that while ionic liquids (IL) and eutectic solvents (ES) were able to incre...

We present a simple and inexpensive approach for the amine-targeted labeling of biomolecules with fluorophores so that the linker between them can be easily cleaved by a mild reducing agent....

Surimi products are favored by domestic and foreign consumers due to their distinctive gelatinous texture, rich nutrition, and convenient consumption. Gel properties are key evaluation indicators for the quality of surimi products, which was mainly determined by the gel‐forming ability of the myofibrillar protein (MP). In recent years, the surimi p...

Cancer is a multifaceted disease influenced by various mechanisms, including the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which have a paradoxical role in both promoting cancer progression and serving as targets for therapeutic interventions. At low concentrations, ROS serve as signaling agents that enhance cancer cell proliferation, migration,...

In this proposed work, the effect of capacitance and linearity were extensively analyzed on the performance of dual-channel (DC) AlGaN/GaN MOSHEMTs for improved sensitivity and reliability with suppressed inter modulation distortion under dynamic operating conditions. A thin layer of InGaN notch embedded between the GaN channel and buffer improves...

Lipid metabolism reprogramming has emerged as a hallmark of malignant tumors. Lipids represent a complex group of biomolecules that not only compose the essential components of biological membranes and act as an energy source, but also function as messengers to integrate various signaling pathways. In tumor cells, de novo lipogenesis plays a crucia...