Science topic

Biomaterials - Science topic

A biomaterial is any matter, surface, or construct that interacts with biological systems.
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I need to apply for presentation in international conference in asea on March-April 2025, and i focus on China, firstly. Due to many websites on the internet are fake conference, and i am afraid of being deceived. So, please suggest me a reliable website for find the international conference. I am interested in apply chemistry or biomaterial or food packaging or polymer, or related those topics.
Thank you for your suggestion.
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I recommend All Conference Alert (https://allconferencealert.net/china.php), a leading global conference portal. It features verified and genuine conferences across a wide range of topics, making it an excellent resource for finding relevant events.
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I am looking for possible reason why some organic acids are successful for collagen electrospinning and others are not exploited at all, as food grade solvent is a concern. Some explanation for possible criteria of selection of solvent. 
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Hi Kaiser Mahmood. You posted a very interesting question a few years ago. Could you finally prepare the collagen-citric acid solution? Were you able to conduct the electrospinning process? Did you find any good reference (I haven’t yet)? Thanks in advance.
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Explain and discuss here....
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Determining the thermal stability and degradation temperatures of biomaterials is critical to understanding how they behave in biological environments. For example, whether a biomaterial degrades at human body temperatures and how long it can last can be analyzed with TGA. DLS analyzes the size distribution of nanoparticles, which are frequently used in biomaterial systems. Particle size is of great importance in terms of its effectiveness and toxicity in biological systems, especially in drug delivery systems or nanoparticle-based implants.
Kind Regards.
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After PVA and Boric acid are cross-linked, some gel formation occureated, but a cloudy residual liquid remain. How can we utilize this remaining liquid to get maximum efficiency?
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Evaluating the liquid that emerges after PVA (Polyvinyl Alcohol) and boric acid cross-linking and gel formation involves analyzing its physical, chemical, and rheological properties. Here's a comprehensive approach: *Physical Properties:* 1. *Viscosity*: Measure using a viscometer (e.g., Brookfield DV-II+). 2. *Density*: Determine using a densitometer (e.g., Anton Paar DMA 500). 3. *pH*: Measure using a pH meter (e.g., Mettler Toledo Seven2). 4. *Temperature*: Record using a thermometer. *Chemical Properties:* 1. *FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy)*: Analyze functional groups and chemical bonds (e.g., PerkinElmer Spectrum 100). 2. *NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance)*: Study molecular structure and interactions (e.g., Bruker Avance 400). 3. *GC-MS (Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry)*: Identify volatile compounds (e.g., Agilent 7890B-5977A). 4. *ICP-OES (Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectroscopy)*: Determine elemental composition (e.g., PerkinElmer Optima 8300). *Rheological Properties:* 1. *Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA)*: Study viscoelastic behavior (e.g., TA Instruments Q800). 2. *Rheometer*: Measure shear stress, shear rate, and viscosity (e.g., Anton Paar MCR 302). 3. *Oscillatory Rheology*: Analyze storage and loss modulus (e.g., Malvern Kinexus Pro+). *Other Tests:* 1. *Gel Content*: Determine using solvent extraction (e.g., Soxhlet apparatus). 2. *Swelling Ratio*: Measure by immersing the gel in solvent. 3. *Mechanical Strength*: Evaluate using tensile testing (e.g., Instron 5967). 4. *Biodegradability*: Assess using standardized tests (e.g., ASTM D6954). *Sampling and Preparation:* 1. Collect the liquid emerging after cross-linking and gel formation. 2. Filter or centrifuge the liquid to remove any impurities or particles. 3. Store the liquid in a sealed container to prevent contamination. *Data Analysis:* 1. Compare the liquid's properties with those of the initial reactants. 2. Evaluate the effects of cross-linking and gel formation on the liquid's properties. 3. Correlate the liquid's properties with its potential applications. *Interpretation:* 1. Viscosity and density changes indicate cross-linking efficiency. 2. pH and temperature changes suggest reaction kinetics. 3. FTIR, NMR, and GC-MS data reveal chemical structure and interactions. 4. Rheological properties indicate gel strength and stability. By employing these evaluation methods, you can comprehensively characterize the liquid emerging after PVA and boric acid cross-linking and gel formation, gaining valuable insights into its properties and potential applications.
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Dear Researchers, Industry Professionals, Scientists, and Academicians,
We are editing a Book with ASME. This book delving into the specific applications of nanotechnology in biomaterials manufacturing is required to capitalize on the revolutionary promise of this technology while navigating the accompanying obstacles It can be a significant resource for engineers, researchers, and industry experts working on the cutting edge of materials science and biomedical engineering It is essential to address the challenge of creating environmentally friendly methods for synthesizing nanoparticles with specific characteristics. Nanoparticles encounter issues such as aggregation, contamination, and low yields, which affect their economic viability Accurate characterization and monitoring of nanomaterials during manufacturing at the nanoscale are crucial for advancement High resolution imaging techniques like scanning electron and atomic force microscopes are instrumental in this process On the other side concerns persist regarding the potential health and environmental risks associated with engineered nanoparticles in manufacturing Extensive research is necessary to comprehend their impact on human health and the environment The integration of nanotechnology into current manufacturing processes presents challenges such as high costs, scalability issues, and the complexity of converting nanomaterials into practical products The book offers valuable insights into how biomaterials can facilitate a smoother integration of nanotechnology into future manufacturing processes Unraveling the Potential of Nanotechnology in Next-Gen Manufacturing Processes A Perspective of Biomaterials" offers a thorough analysis of how nanotechnology is expected to transform the
manufacturing industry, especially with the creation of sophisticated biomaterials that improve productivity, sustainability, and product quality.
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Priya Chaudhuri Please send an email to asmechapter@gmail.com for queries.
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Thank you.
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I have used Bradford assay for protein quantification; however, I am getting inconsistent concentrations for the second time. Like the highest quantity of a biomaterial is having lower concentration of protein than that of the lower quantity. For example, 2mg of biomaterial have 302.3 ug/ml conc. while 2.5mg has 344.2ug/ml conc. of protein and so on.
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Dear all, the following recent review compares the different methods involved in determining proteins content in carbohydrates. My Regards
10.3390/foods9101340
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I have used Bradford assay for protein quantification; however, I am getting inconsistent concentrations. Tried twice but similar inconsistency. Like the highest quantity of a biomaterial is having lower concentration of protein than that of the lower quantity. For example, 2mg of biomaterial have 302.3 ug/ml conc. while 2.5mg has 344.2ug/ml conc. of protein and so on.
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First of all, Bradford's method sucks. Second, the response is not linear. Third, what is the standard deviation of your analysis? Fourth, if the biomaterial has something that interferes with the assay (surfactants of something similar) you need to switch to electrophoresis for example.
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I'm currently working with gelatin sponges which have a tendency to float, however, ideally I would like them to remain at the bottom of the well plate as intend to vulture cells on them. Is there an adhesive that I can use in this instance? I would also like to be able to take the sponges out relatively intact for analysis so the adhesive shouldn't be too strong I think.
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@Jakub Jagielski
Thank you for your suggestion, I will give that method a try. Although, I have concerns that the gelatin will dissolve over the course of culturing.
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What are the mechanical properties of the maxillofacial material Tera Harz TC-80DP? What works contain such information? Thank you!
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Specific mechanical properties of Tera Harz TC-80DP, a maxillofacial material, might not be readily available in public domain sources or scientific literature. The mechanical properties of maxillofacial materials can vary depending on factors such as composition, manufacturing process, and intended application.
Tera Harz TC-80DP is a type of thermosetting acrylic resin commonly used in the fabrication of facial prostheses, such as nasal and auricular prostheses. While the manufacturer may provide information on its mechanical properties, such as tensile strength, flexural strength, and hardness, this data may not always be publicly accessible.
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What kind of material is Tera Harz TC-80DP for maxillofacial surgery? What is its composition? Where can I view SEM images of this material? Thank you!
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The material is Graphy's Tera Harz material
Composition: Tera hard TC-80 is an LED curing polyurethane based resin suitable for 3D printing characterised by high tensile strength, high abrasion resistance and non toxicity
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Biomaterial Question
Hi. I have been trying to synthesising gelatin microparticles using double emulsion method. After adding the oil-gelatin mixture in the ethanol with stirring, the particle seemed to formed but when I washed it with acetone and centrifuge, the precipitates seemed to formed big ball and when I tear it apart it seems like gelatin fiber (instead of microparticle).. Just curious does high speed centrifugation affects microparticle formation? Thanks 🙏
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Your gelatin nanoparticles are pressed against the walls of the test tube by centrifugal force and balls of gelatin nanoparticles are formed. High-speed centrifugation destabilizes the dispersed system of nanoparticles.
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I checked the literature in detail to compare different cell viability, cytotoxicity studies to check the biocompatibility of biomaterials. In some articles, they use the 'leachable-conditioned medium' method to check the biocompatibility. For this purpose first, they incubate biomaterials in cell culture medium without FBS after that they use this 'conditioned medium' with FBS in cell seeding. I am wondering in this first step why they don't add FBS directly to cell culture media and is it important for this procedure. I also saw different methods including FBS.
I am waiting for your response. Thanks:))
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FBS contains cell adhesion proteins as well as growth factors. Conditioned medium contains secreted cell adhesion and growth factor products produced by cells in culture. Added FBS to conditioned medium would cover up or inhibit effects of the conditioned medium.
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Please advise the works (articles, dissertations) that describe the principles and methods of controlling the structure of polymer-ceramic bone substitutes, the requirements for the structure of such products, the principles for choosing such substitutes for use, the pros and cons of using these products. Thank you!
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What 3D polymers with carbon, oxygen and phosphorus, but without hydrogen, are used in maxillofacial surgery?
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What you are probably looking for is a polyester substrate such as PCL, PLA, PLGA, etc. that is loaded with hydroxyapatite (Ca₁₀(PO₄)₆(OH)₂) or calcium phosphate or other phosphorous-based osteogenic materials.
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I have observed opposite response from gram negative and gram positive bacterial cells on plasma modified polymeric surface in terms of adhesion and biofilm formation.
gram negative cells show above 90% reduction in adhesion and gram positive show only 9% reduction. What could be the reason behind this?
Which property of bacterial cell type might be playing a role?
Please explain.
Thanks in advance.
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"repel" was your term. the differecne is yours to establish.
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Dear all,
I am interested in using NQR as a method for detecting the presence of people or animals in certain areas. My questions are as follows,
1)Whether there are suitable molecules or nuclei (some candidate nuclei including N and Cl) in these biological materials with NQR characteristics when a suitable radiofrequency field is applied, NQR characteristic spectra can be generated.
2)If such a compound exists, and whether it can be detected. Because some are products of the process, or not in solid form.
Thanks.
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I am looking for information on NQR measurements of protein and amino acid crystals.
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I am referring to the method of Kokubo and Takadama (2006) to prepare SBF solution, but I am not sure what is the ion-exchanged used in the method.  
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You may want to check: C. M. Queiroz, S. Agathopoulos, J. R. Frade, M. H. V. Fernandes, "Network connectivity and bio-mineralization of 0.45SiO8-(0.45-x)MgO-xK2O-0.1(3CaO⋅P2O5) glasses", Materials Science Forum, Vols. 455-456, 2004, 383-387.
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Nanoindentation is a attachment with AFM or it is a separate testing procedure? Nanoindentation gives property at nanolevel? Young's modulus, Hardness, Stiffness, Load vs Depth, Load Vs Hardness properties alone cane be obtained using nanoindentation or any other properties can also be known using nanoindentation? Where I can get all these things done in India? Please share your suggestions. Many of the prestigious institutions saying machine under maintenance, machine not working or operator not available.
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Nanoindentation is a separate testing procedure that is often used in conjunction with Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). It is used to measure properties at the nanoscale, such as Young's modulus, hardness, stiffness, and load vs. depth and load vs. hardness. Other properties can also be measured using nanoindentation, depending on the specific application. In India, there are several institutions that offer nanoindentation services. These include the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi, IIT Bombay, IIT Madras, IIT Kanpur, IIT Hyderabad, and the National Institute of Technology (NIT) Surat. Additionally, there are several private companies that offer nanoindentation services, such as NanoTest India, NanoTest Solutions, and NanoTest Technologies. If you are having difficulty finding a nanoindentation service provider, it is possible that the machine is under maintenance or the operator is not available. In this case, it is best to contact the service provider directly to inquire about the availability of the machine and the operator.
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Which works contain information about the mechanical as well as biological properties of the cerabone AW biomaterial, namely biodegradation. bioactivity, biocompatibility, osteoconduction, osteoinduction? Thank you!
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i guess you need to mail the company to provide all these details.
they should be happy to share if there is any concrete data on that matter
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Please tell me a scientific source, where there is information about some kind of biomaterial based on hydroxyapatite, namely: compressive hardness, Vickers hardness, information about biodegradation, biocompatibility, bioactivity, osteoinduction.
Thank you!
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You can search on google scholer or scintific research there are many type of review of this topic
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Tell me the sources where there is information about all mechanical parameters, as well as about biodegradation, biocompatibility, bioactivity, osteoinduction, osteoconduction of any biomaterial based on hydroxyapatite. Thank you!
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Respected Sir,
For your reference the book is attached herewith.
Hope this may be useful.
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I have quaternized the polymer to confer/enhance the antibacterial properties of the biomaterial. I need help whether increasing the amount or degree of quaternization of the polymer has better effect of antibacterial properties. I have achieved 6.5% of degree of substitution. Is this enough or do I need to increase this?
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Dear Noor Ul Ain, yes and in addition to other parameters, quaternization enhanced antibacterial activity. Please have a look at the following documents. My Regards
10.1039/9781788012638-00001
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Over here oven drying method is commonly used and it requires you dry for a certain number of hours to determine the moisture content.
Is it that I will commence the moisture content determination at various times interval after oven drying?
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10.47577/technium.v2i7.2009
You can read this article. Maybe it can help you!
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Dear all
Hope you are doing well!
What are the best books in Materials Science and Engineering (Basics and Advanced)? Moreover, what are the best skills (or materials topic related) that materials scientists have to develop and to acquire?
Thanks in advance
^_^
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Dear all, following a list of interesting books. My Regards
- Fundamentals of Materials Science and Engineering: An Integrated Approach, William D. Callister, David G. Rethwisch, 5th Edt (2015).
- Materials Science and Engineering: An Introduction, 10e WileyPLUS NextGen Card with Loose-Leaf Print Companion Set, Callister Jr., William D., Rethwisch, David G. 10th Edt (2018).
- The Science and Engineering of Materials, Donald R. Askeland, Wendelin J. Wright. 7th Edt (2014).
- Materials Science and Engineering: A First Course, V. Raghavan, (2004).
- Foundations of Materials Science and Engineering, Willaim Smith, Javed Hashemi, 6th Edt (2019).
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My current focus on research is HAp production from biologically waste materials. I need to dissolve HAp for further characterization studies, however i got problems to dissolve it. so pls tell me any method or reference or solvent to dissolve HAp? 
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Can you please suggest an acidic medium for dissolving metal oxides?
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Hello everybody! :)
I apologize for the non-technical questions, but I hope you could help me! I feel like after the covid era I am still a bit "slowed down". Today I realized, that I forgot to check whether there are any conferences in tissue engineering, biomaterials, nanofibrous etc. during this summer 2022. I would truly like to FINALLY go somewhere, talk to other scientists in the field, present my research or at least to have a poster. Unfortunately, I wasn't able to find any conferences this summer, which are still open to applications. :( Could you, please, help me with this? Maybe you would have an idea about some local conference or summer school at your university (or research centre) in this field.
Thanks for your help and hopefully let's see each other during some summer appointment. :)
Marketa
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Thank you Monika Spasovová for the correction.
I also didn't know much about these conferences. Someone shared this link earlier, so I copied it here.
I have deleted my comment now.
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I want to use a biological tissue for the SEM but I don't know how can I prepare the sample before drying?
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STEPS FOR PREPARATION OF BIOLOGICAL SPECIMEN
1. FIXING IT IN BUFFERED ALDEHYDE FOR 3 HOURS : Buffered Aldehyde for SEM consists of 2.5 % glutaraldehyde in phosphate buffer as follows:
• 40 ml of D. water.
• 10 ml of 25% glutaraldehyde.
• 50 ml of 0.2 M Buffer stock solution at 7.2 pH.
0.2 M BUFFER STOCK SOLUTION AT 7.2 PH CONSISTS OF:
• 91.6 ml of Sodium cacodylate solution (4.28 g/100 mL distilled water),
• 8.4 ml of 0.2 N HCl (1.7 mL concentrated HCl/100 mL distilled water)
2. DRAIN GLUTARALDEHYDE AND RINSE 3 TIMES IN Sodium cacodylate solution BUFFER EACH FOR 5 MIN (3 × 5 = 15 MIN)
3. POST FIXING IT IN OSMIUM TETROXIDE FOR 1 HOUR:
• 2OsO4 is used as post-fixing after aldehyde fixation to prepare a 2% aqueous solution (1 g of OsO4 in 50 ml D. water) a working fixative is prepared just before use by mixing equal parts of 2% aqueous stock OsO4solution with equal parts of 0.2M Buffer stock solution.
4. RINSE IN DISTILLED WATER.
5. DEHYDRATE THE SPECIMEN USING A GRADED ETHANOL SERIES 25%, 50%, 75%, 90% AND TWO 100% EACH FOR 10 MIN. (5 × 10 = 50 MIN).
6. DRYING USING A CRITICAL POINT DRYER DEVICE.
7. REMOVE THE SPECIMEN, MOUNT ON SPECIMEN STABS, COAT WITH GOLD, AND VIEW IN SEM
8. SEM AT 20 keV AND T1 GARIN SIZE 40 WORK DISTANCE 15 mm.
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I have electrospun cross-linked polystyrene fibres on a glass substrate. I am looking for chemical or physical methods to generate porosity (to increase its surface area).
Thank You.
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You can get porous nanofibers structures through increasing the humidity of the environment and many other factors pls check the following links:
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I have carried out quaternization of PVA for antimicrobial activity of the polymer. The sequence of reaction is PVA preparation followed by addition of KOH and then quaternary ammonium salt. Washed with anhydrous ethanol. First time at 0.1 g PVA the precipitates were formed. But at 1 g PVA, after 3 hrs of adding quaternary ammonium salt the curds were formed before the addition of ethanol. Molar ratio of PVA to QAS is 1:2.
Is it due to self-condensation?
Thanks for your response.
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Dear Noor Ul Ain, please have a look at the following recent review document and the references therein. My Regards
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Only glass tubes can be used for Diethyl ether as far as I know. But i'm not sure how safe it is to centrifuge fish eggs in diethyl ether at 10000g. This is a step in the cortisol extraction.
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The best method is to centrifuge at low temperature, then extract the top phase. As only should use glass tubes, so you should centrifuge at low temperature rather than freezing the samples, as the glass tubes will be broken!
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Hi everyone,
I am PhD student and the area of my research work is Biomaterials. I am looking for a supervisor for Erasmus Exchange Scholarship Program for a year.
The main area of my research is preparation of nanocomposite membranes and their applications. Can you please suggest me supervisor from European region with research facilities like cell lines and animal model?
Thank you so much for your response.
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Yousof Farrag for wound healing purpose
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I am looking for a literature demonstration of the cornerstone understanding that quantitatively links adsorbed protein composition to a measured biological response to a materials surface.
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Dear Sir:
We are still far away from the prediction of the steps found in the thermodynamic irreversibility of protein adsorption. However we can do a lot from the side of analysis in the determination of protein adsorption hysteresis [1-3].
With best regards
Herbert Jennissen
References
[1] Dohle,D. S., Zumbrink, T., Meißner, M., & Jennissen, H. P. (2020) Protein Adsorption Hysteresis and Transient States of Fibrinogen and BMP-2 as Model Mechanisms for Proteome Binding to Implants. Curr. Dir. Biomed. Engineer, 6, 1-4 (https://doi.org/10.1515/cdbme-2020-3046).
[2] Jennissen,H.P. (1985) Protein Adsorption Hysteresis. In "Surface and Interfacial Aspects of Biomedical Polymers" Vol.2, Protein Adsorption (Andrade,J.D., ed), pp. 295-320. Plenum Press, New York.
[3] Jennissen, H. P. (2021) Protein Adsorbate Biohybrids and Sequential Hystallosteric Protein Adsorption. Curr. Dir. Biomed. Engineer,7, 731-734 (doi.org/10.1515/cdbme-2021-2187).
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Could this be possible based on the nature of the biological material or preprocessing condition, such as osmotic dehydration? Because normally samples with higher effective moisture diffusivity should have faster drying rate.
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The moisture diffusivity of any material is a function of temperature and hence the drying kinetics is a complex phenomenon. If we study the drying curves for convective drying at different temperatures we can observe that the drying time is highly variable as the temperature changed, although the kinetic profiles for the wet basis moisture content for all temperatures are relatively similar.
The moisture diffusion and convective mass transfer are to an extend modulated by the heat transfer kinetics of the system and hence would require extensive modelling.
You may find an appropriate article in the link below.
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in some journals it is given as density increases? is it rite
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Density decrease as I found many studies
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Need to do strain controlled fatigue test on ASTM E606 specimen. What I have referred from a research literature they have given strain ratio R, of 0.5 and a frequency of 0.2 Hz and strain levels of 0.7%–3.0%, 70% decline of peak load could anyone tell me how to decide this values ? From where they used the values there is no reference paper they have used in that particular research article.
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Hi Dinesh
Strain controlled fatigue testing is important to study the behaviour of components undergoing either mechanically or thermally induced cyclic plastic strains that cause failure within fewer cycles (<10^5) than high cycle fatigue (>10^5-10^6 cycles).
The testing conditions are usually determined by the specific application you are considering. Doing this preliminary investigation will allow you to get more meaningful and useful results from the strain controlled tests.
So I would recommend to try to collect some initial indicative data to better plan the test conditions (temperature, R, frequency, strain levels). If the components (or an older version of the components) are already in service you can get some good indications by applying some strain gauges and thermocouples to the parts to understand what sort of strains they undergo and at what temperatures. If the components are still in the design phase then you will need to carry out some hand calculations or run some FEA analyses to get a feeling of what strain the parts will experience once in service.
Having said this, in terms of strain levels you can consider that you enter within the high cycle fatigue range when the part undergo loads that generate stresses below half of the yield strength of the material i.e. 0.2% so you want to stay above this value. In general you could run tests at strain level within 0.2% and 20-40%. It depends also by the material and test temperature. Then with the Coffin-Manson equation you can relate cycles to plastic strains.
To determine the values of temperature, frequency and R for your tests, as previously mentioned, it would be better if you use values close to your actual application to collect more reliable and useful data.
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I want to know what is the required or the enough period to check the cytocompatibility of the decellularized biomaterials to the seeded stem cells
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It all depends on the cell type and biomaterial (soft or hard) which you use. Cells grow slowly on softer tissue compared to hard or plastic.
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For example, DNA has functional groups such as methyl groups and nanoparticles can interact with them and alter them. I was wondering if we have any technique by which we can quantify them or maybe do a qualitative analysis. Any leads would be great, Thank :)
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Silk fibroin.
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yes;
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hello every body
I am a PhD student in biomaterial course. what kind of job or carrier I can do after I graduate?
do not hesitate to express any idea about self-employment or doing for others.
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may not go to a better universities
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I am specifically aiming to study the nanomaterial-nucleus interaction and having a hard time finding good softwares which can help me in the same. Any suggestions would be helpful. Thanks.
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I recommend to use ANN(artificial n euron network ) combination to RSm(response surface methodology )
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Kindly share the paper and method too. Thank you.
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Bilirubin, Saffron Dye, Luciferin, Aequorin, etc.
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Dear everyone
I will process a biological material (polychaetes) to perform SEM. I am in doubt if after dehydration in alcohol the specimens can be stored in absolute alcohol for later drying at a critical point , and how long can I store the material for?
Best regard
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Hi. I hope the following article could help you:
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Looking for small diameter wire that could be used to pattern channels within a biomaterial.
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Dear Miller,
Wire is made of what element? is it tungsten?
Just check with Digi-Key Electronics and Arrow Electronics(Thief River Falls, Minnesota, United States). Perhaps you can contact here at phone no. 541-323-3228, customer services- 00 1 218-681-7979.
If tungsten, contact yolo in china.
Ashish
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Dear colleagues,
I am a researcher working with bovine hydroxyapatite. I want to reduce the percentage of carbonate on the sample. Is there any suggested techniques for this? I am measured the carbonate from EDX (SEM-EDX). Thank you
Thank you.
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Dear Maria Apriliani Gani,
These may be addition of impurities, high temperature and environmental conditions can reduce the formation of carbonates.
Bone mineral is not pure hydroxyapatite. The small, plate-shaped (20–50 nm long, 15 nm wide, and 2–5 nm thick) apatite crystals contain impurities, most notably carbonate in place of the phosphate groups. The concentration of carbonate (4–6%) makes bone mineral similar to a carbonate apatite known as dahllite. Other substitutions are potassium, magnesium, strontium, and sodium in place of the calcium ions, and chloride and fluoride in place of the hydroxyl groups.These impurities can reduce the crystallinity of the apatite , and, in doing so, may alter certain properties such as solubility. The solubility of bone mineral is critical for mineral homeostasis and bone adaptation.
Carbonate substitution in apatite each control the crystal’s perfection and crystallite domain size, affecting material properties, in different environmental conditions. High temperature substitution methods indicating a higher energy barrier for the formation of carbonate.
Ashish
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As i know , if we can realize the DNA structure , we can simulate it in computer . then we can try to rebuild it if possible .
so Given the technological progress, is it possible in the future?
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Compared to various living organisms characterized by a much lower level of organization and body structure, the human body has limited regenerative abilities. However, along with technological advances, in medicine, genetics, microbiological tests, etc., the possibilities of transplanting various organs, limbs, growing specific types of tissues and rebuilding certain parts of the human body are gradually increasing. One of the most difficult and perhaps impossible to implement in the future is the rebuilding of the central nervous system, including the human brain. Similarly, it will be extremely difficult in the future to build artificial awareness in artificial neural network systems as a continuation of the progress made in the development of artificial intelligence.
Best regards,
Dariusz Prokopowicz
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I am working with polyamine surface coating on bio-materials. I have seen in literature that microBCA detects the primary amine in proteins. Similarly, mostly peoples are using it for Dopamin's catechole amine estimation. I am wonder that the same way can I use microBCA for detection of polyamines coated on surface. However, I couldn't find the relevant literature.. I have checked my polyamine changes the color with microBCA and detected their OD values after coating but I am not sure this will be proper to show or not......
Your feedbacks will be highly appreciated
Thanks in advance
~Taufiq
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Hi Taufiq Ahmad . From literature, it looks like the BCA assay works only with secondary amines. As the secondary amines form a colored chelate complex with cupric ions (Cu2+) in an alkaline environment and form Cuprous (Cu+) ions. The Cuprous ions form a complex with the BCA assay.
In experience I have found a linear response of BCA assay with Primary amines too. I do not know what the exact mechanism is for that. Did you find it out?
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Hi everyone, l have a question.
I made cell cultivation on a biomaterial containing chitosan and gelatin, fixed my cell culture samples on the 14th day with 4% paraformaldehyde and performed H&E staining. However, while the scaffold has cross-sectional images, the cell is not in the environment. why could this be caused?
Note: there is a picture attached.
Thanks.
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Nabodita Sinha thanks for your opinion. Since I detected the presence of cells on the biomaterial in MTT assay and SEM analysis, it was very interesting that the cells were not visible in the H&E staining of the same sample. When I made a literature review, it was suggested that it should be kept in the fixation solution for at least 4 hours, but I kept it for 1 hour. Therefore, I think that the cells do not hold in this period and leave the environment in washing with dPBS. I will try the fixation time again for a minimum of 4 hours and a maximum of 1 day.
I hope this is the problem.
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can anyone help me about the standards?
 I mean the mass of the biomaterial and volume of the PBS in one vial.
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I suggest that you read the following papers where we described different degradation processes on PCL samples (films, fibers, and fabrics)
André Rangel, Tuan Ngoc Nguyen, Christophe Egles, Véronique Migonney, Different real-time degradation scenarios of functionalized Poly(ε-caprolactone) for biomedical applications, J. Appl.Poly. Sci. 2021,
Long-term Hydrolytic Degradation Study of Polycaprolactone Films and Fibers Grafted with Poly(sodium styrene sulfonate) : Mechanism Study and Cell Response, Biointerphases 2020;15, 061006, doi: 10.1116/6.0000429
Adapting mechanical characterization of a biodegradable polymer to physiological approach of Anterior Cruciate Ligament functions, TN Nguyen, A Rangel, V Migonney, IRBM 2020 ; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.irbm.2020.10.002
NT Nguyen, A Rangel, V Migonney, Kinetic and degradation reactions of poly (sodium 4-styrene sulfonate) grafting “from” ozonized poly (ɛ-caprolactone) surfaces, Polymer Degradation and Stability 2020; (176), 109154;
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Main characteristic feature of hydrogel is the  capable of holding large amounts of water in their three-dimensional networks. For nanoemulgel which known as the formulation of nanoemulsion based on hydrogel system and the medium is aqueous. Please explain me what is the similarity  and dissimilarities between nanoemulgel and hydrogel?
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Dear Vipul Patel , are you sure hydrogels exist in liquid form? If yes, please help me with the procedure to change their semi-solid state to liquid without compromising other properties.
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Phalloidin stained filaments and dapi stained nucleus
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Thank you very much Nabodita Sinha I would also like to know more about the stress fiber alterations, Nuclear blebbing and cortical ring formations.
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Dear Researchers,
Please, which papers, sites, tools, or programs you recommend to use in the design and selection of the best materials for prosthetic leg liners?
Regards,
Akram
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Dear Dr. Akram Jassim Jawad ,
in addition to the answer of Dr. Abdelkader BOUAZIZ ,
-a Silicone liner provides high stability and good adhesion if your limb has a lot of soft-tissue. ...
-Polyurethane has a unique ability to flow away from high pressure. ...
-copolymer is soft, cushiony and highly elastic, offering good protection for amputees with sensitive skin and/or lower activity levels.
For more details, please see at:
- What materials are used to manufacture prosthetic liners?
- All About Prosthetic Liners: Part 2 Choosing the best material.
Best regards, Pierluigi Traverso.
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I would like to know what are the protocols, assays and theory to study a nanomaterial interaction with cancer stem cells (and not normal cancer cells).
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Dear Anish Hiresha Verma,
Stem cell transplants commonly are used to treat leukemia and lymphoma, cancers that affect the blood and lymphatic system. It also can help patients recover from or better tolerate cancer treatment. Nano sized materials have particular advantages for cancer treatment with distinct features relative to low molecular weight drugs. These properties are being effectively exploited for improved delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs resulting in both enhanced anticancer activity and reduced systemic toxicity.
When we apply a magnetic field externally, these nanoparticles starts spining. Nanoparticles must attach to the surfaces of cancer cells, by which it induces the spinning to mechanically destroy the cell membranes. The drug molecules carried by nanoparticle are released in the extracellular matrix and diffuse throughout the tumor tissue. The particles carry surface ligands to facilitate active targeting of particles to receptors present on target cell or tissue.
Refer
Ashish
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In investigating collagen I got quite puzzled. Could you please offer me some advice? Here are some of my questions
1. In heterogenous tissue engineering, collagen seems to be potentially the backbone material, as PCL and hydroxyapatite for osteo-regeneration. How is the comparison of collagen with other alternatives (Poly(ethylene glycol), fibronectin, other protein and synthesized peptide like BiogelX)?
2. For the core issue in collagen biomaterial study, actually existed crosslinker (EDC/NHS, genepin, TG2) already meets most basic needs (stability, mechanics, cytotoxicity), aren’t they? The core issue has swifted to realise reconstruction of better microenvironment of different tissue, has it?
3. What are the critical requirements for collagen product (stability/rentation of triple helix, chain length, bound water, solubility and ?)? and how are the influences of these properties on biomaterial application? (swelling, porosity, mechanic property and fidelity, immuno-rejection, biodegradation and etc)
Thank you very much!
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Dear Gan,
Refer the site given below which illustrates the full seen of collagen processing.
Collagen-based medical products, which are offered on the market, are purified and prepared by routine technologies. They are applied successfully in reconstructive surgery, and the range of possible applications is further increasing.Major challenges for processing is mechanical stability and vascularization of the hybrid materials consisting of many structural elements.
Ashish
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Some studies point that crosslinking increase the inflammatory reaction of collagen[1-3]. while some other studies suggests that Cross-linking also can be introduced to reduce the antigenicity. The cross-link formation can shield or modify major antigenic sites (tellopeptide) and, thus, reduce their capacity to interact with antibodies[4].
So does crosslinking actually increase or decrease the antigenicity of collagen as biomaterial?
1. Badylak SF. Decellularized allogeneic and xenogeneic tissue as a bioscaffold for regenerative medicine: factors that influence the host response. Ann Biomed Eng. 2014;42:1517–27. https ://doi.org/10.1007/s1043 9-013-0963-7.
2. Rothamel D, Schwarz F, Sager M, Herten M, Sculean A, Becker J. Biodegradation of differently cross-linked collagen membranes: an experimental study in the rat. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2005;16:369–78. https ://doi.org/10.111 1/j.1600-0501.2005.01108 .x.
3. Schwarz F, Rothamel D, Herten M, Sager M, Becker J. Angiogenesis pattern of native and cross-linked collagen membranes: an immunohistochemical study in the rat. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2006;17:403–9. https ://doi.org/10.1
111/j.1600-0501.2005.01225 .x.
4. Chevallay, B.; Herbage, D. Collagen-based biomaterials as 3D scaffold for cell cultures: Applications for tissue engineering and gene therapy. Med. Biol. Eng. Comput. 2000, 38, 211–218. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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So specifically how is the antigenicity by EDC/NHS, Genipin and TG2
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Composition of Silica in composite bio materials
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Dear Dr. Mohsin Abdullah Al-Shammari,
bioactive glass first synthesized by Hench and associates is the generic name of a class of amorphous material covering a wide range of bioactivity arising from variation of the chemical composition. The most common components of bioactive glass are SiO2, CaO, Na2O and P2O3.
The SiO2 content determines the chemical stability and the bioactivity of the Glass. Melt-derived glass which has SiO2 content larger than 60 wt% is chemically stable and hence is not bioactive. Bioactive glass with 45 wt% SiO2 is characterized by a high rate of bioactivity in that a high interfacial bond strength is established within 30 days.
Many additives including MgO, K2O, B2O3, Al2O3, Zr2O3, CaF2 and Ta2=5 can be added to bioactive glass in order to improve its mechanical and thermal properties or in order to enhance the workability range. However, a boundary conditions that limits themodification of the composition of bioactive glassi s the bioactivity property.
For more details, please see the source:
-COMPREHENSIVE BIOMATERIALS II Vol. 1 : Metallic Ceramic, and Polymeric Biomaterials
Editor Paul Ducheyne, Elsevier, ISBN: 978-0-08-100691-7 (2017)
Best regards, Pierluigi Traverso
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Dear All,
I'm looking for substance, probably 4-CMC analogue (precursor/metabolite). The product ion scan on ESI-UHPLC-QqQ-MS/MS is: 214>196>181>168>151>130>125>115>103>91>56 m/z (the highest intensitivity is 196 and 115 m/z) and probably the isotope: 216>198>183>170>155>130>127>115>91>56 m/z (the highest intensitivity is 198 and 115 m/z).
Ions are only in biological materials, not in evidences.
Thank you for any advice!
Regards,
Karolina Nowak
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Dear Karolina Nowak,
Synthetic cathinones are derivatives of cathinone, the principal psychoactive component of the khat plant. These designer drugs are potent psychostimulants that have grown in popularity among recreational drug users. From a forensic standpoint they are important because they have been widely associated with criminal and death intoxications.
Chemically, the synthetic cathinones are small amphetamine-like compounds bearing a betaketo functional group. Like their amphetamine counterparts, derivatization is commonly used to improve chromatographic and spectroscopic properties. These small polyfunctional compounds contain a ketone and an amine functional group. However, many of the forensically important cathinones contain a pyrrolidine moiety. These tertiary amines do not have the active hydrogen that is most often exploited with common derivatization approaches.
Over the past decade, synthetic cathinones have emerged as an important class of designer drugs within the United States. The proliferation of these new psychostimulants and their sought after effects among recreational drug users presents a formidable challenge for forensic toxicology laboratories. These drugs have been associated with impaired driving, intoxications and fatalities.
Nevertheless, not all laboratories are capable of testing for these drugs despite the fact that their use may have very serious public health and safety consequences. This is a significant concern in light of the fact that isotopically labeled internal standards are not yet available for all of the synthetic cathinones.
Cathinone decomposition products for all eighteen compounds can be characterized by this 2H loss. Synthetic cathinones are thermally labile and may undergo oxidative decomposition in-situ during GC/MS analysis. Although derivatization is a common approach to improve thermal stability and mass spectral properties, the chemistry of these polyfunctional drugs is inherently more complex than their non-ketone counterparts.Thermal decomposition products for synthetic cathinones included can be characterized chromatographically and spectroscopically. Factors influencing the thermal degradation of synthetic cathinones can be also investigated.
Ashish
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Is there any difference between the peptide bonds of fish gelatin, porcine and bovine gelatin?
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Thank you for your prompt response Nicolas. I would like to be in touch with you for my other questions in chemistry. If you would like to help me, please send me an email to me. My email address is emailstoebi@gmail.com
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Hello. I am currently working on a project which involves silk fibroin. The problem is , I'm facing gelation in different steps almost each time. I made 4 attempts till today. At the first attempt I was able to obtain %8 silk fibroin but on other 3 attempts I faced gelation problems twice at dialysis stage and once at autoclave. I'm sharing the protocol which I use. I hope you can give me some advice on the issue.
1. Prepare 5 grams of cocoon shell on a petri dish. (Cut them into small pieces)
2. Add 4.24 mg NaCO3 in 2 liters distilled water, dissolve the NaCO3 and heat the solution to 90 celcius degrees.
3. Add the cocoons to the hot distilled water and wait 30 minutes while stirring.
4. Take out the silk and put into a new beaker inside 2 liters of distilled water (at room temperature) for washing.
5. Wash at least 3 times for 20 minutes. (I'm washing it 4 to 6 times and I rinse the silk with distilled water with squeezing it between water changes) (I make sure that the soapy feeling is lost)
6. Put the silk into a petri dish.
7. Let the silk dry at 37 C for 24/36 hours.
8. Take the silk out and weigh it. Cut the dry silk into pieces.
9. Prepare lithium bromide (9.3M) solution and put 4x of the silk's weight:
-The amount of LiBr: [(86.65x9.3)/1000]x4x(Silk's weight)
-The amount of distilled water: 4x(Silk's weight)
10. Dissolve LiBr in distilled water with magnetic stirrer and add it onto the silk in a 50mL beaker.
11. Put the solution into 60 C incubator for 4 hours. (I waited 4 hours for first 3 attempts, then I waited 6 hours at my final attempt which solidified while autoclaving)
12. Put the liquid solution into dialysis sacks ( Sigma-Aldrich D6191-25EA; 12,000 Da MWCO) and tie the sack from up and down. Leave a little space on top.
13. Hang the dialysis sack in 2 liters of distilled water and open the stirrer.
14. Change the water in regular intervals (after 1h, 3h, 6h, 10, 20h) and rinse the LiBr for 2 days.
15. Open the sack and put silk fibroin into a glass bottle.
16. Autoclave.
17. Take 1 mL of autoclaved silk fibroin and put into a centrifuge tube without closing the cap. (Note the weight of centrifuge tube and the silk fibroin)
18. Put the tube into the incubator (60 C degrees) overnight.
19. Weigh the tube. Calculate the amount of dry matter and then calculate the percentage of silk fibroin.
Details:
-The lab's temperature is around 26 C degrees.
- I use different stirrers to avoid heating the water at step 5.
-The liquid I obtain after LiBr application is very viscous compared to the videos I watched.
-The cocoons are present at the lab for 4 years and they are being kept in room temperature in a drawer inside a plastic bag.
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Dear Tayfun Dikmen,
Generally, Gelation involves the formation of self-similar aggregates with a growth rate that increases exponentially. Apply initially couple of constraint conditions. Some of points are advised enlisted here.
(1)Freeze-drying- this will give gel a foam with a porosity of 80.90%, a water uptake capacity of 90% and a swelling index of 8.5-10. Gelation time and the properties of hydrogels and porous foams could be controlled by the ratios of RSF and non-solvent concentration as well as by the type of non-solvent and incubation temperature.
(2) PH must be between 2-4. If less than 2 it will defiantly form gelatin as pH is negative concentration of hydrogen algorithm. RSF (regenerated silk fibroin) hydrogels and porous foams can possibly be used for the encapsulation of cells and/or for the controlled release of both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs.
(3) Concentration must between ranges 0.5-10gL-1. Nonsolvent concentration can control the porous foam.
(4) Temperature between 5-70 0 C is advisable.
(5) Turbidity, rheology, light scattering and circular dichroism are other issues. Custody minimum turbidity will avoid early gelation.
Ashish
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Hi,
I have UltiMate 3000 GPC working on methylene chloride. I would like to change solvent to THF for analyzing glycerol polyesters (not soluble in methylene chloride). My poliesters have molecular weight about 1-5kDa, maybe I could reach in future 30kDa.I need help with right choosing pre column, column and also correct method and standard substances for calibration. I don't have any experience with GPC. Thanks for help.
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Dear Michał Wrzecionek, I attached interesting documents plus the following RG discussion on the same subject. What I want you to consider since you are using glycérol, you are dealing with a branches and not a liear polyester. Operating GPC is totaly different for both cases, so be carefull in selecting the operating parameters before running it. My Regards
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How biological materials (Animal carcasses, excrements) collected in field can be best stored for a later DNA and RNA extraction? what is the protocol to follwo and what are the storing equipements needed.?
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Hi Imad,
We use a "homemade" buffer in our expeditions, where freezing at -80 is not an option. It is called NAP buffer and preserves well DNA and ARN. Here is a link to the article: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/1755-0998.12108?casa_token=qgIKvJ4dV1kAAAAA:sEJG807qo-hjPXIc9J54AKwwkxiiqsZSWmFdTd91VobTRfivCVxUYECwRzyUByrGGabSVsPZHrdl. We usually collect tissue samples of liver from carcasses, when it is not fresh, muscle/heart works better, given that liver degrades quick. For mammal specimens that we collect, we skin them in situ and fix the skin in formalin for a few hours and then store it in ethanol 70%, but the skinned body goes directly to ethanol 70% so that there is still a good stock of DNA. For feces Carlos Sarabia might know better.
Cheers,
Arlo
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3D printing in many settings is indicated to be a 'hobby'. However, if one envisions how 3D printing can contribute to re-shaping our day to day lives, one possibility is to make use of materials for common uses or that contribute to circular use cycles. Organic materials are available in many forms around our collective living environments. Therefore, understanding what materials are available and common products that are used could help to identify paths of research that could utilize 3D printing on larger scales and more common settings.
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The list of additive manufacturing raw materials is immense and including them in keys words didn't make sense. Here are some common plastics in a list to contribute to discussion:
  • ABS
  • ABSi
  • ABS-ESD7
  • ABS-M30
  • ABS-M30i
  • Accura 48HTR
  • Accura 60
  • Accura ABS
  • Accura Bluestone
  • Accura ClearVue
  • Accura Xtreme
  • ASA
  • Cynate Ester (CE 221)
  • Epoxy (EPX 82)
  • Nylon 12 (Unfilled)
  • Nylon 12 (Glass-Filled)
  • PC-ISO
  • Polycarbonate
  • PPSF
  • Rigid Photopolymer
  • Rigid Polyurethane (RPU 70)
  • Somos NeXt
  • Somos PerFORM
  • Somos Protogen 18420
  • Somos ProtoTherm 12120
  • Somos Taurus
  • Somos WaterClear Ultra 10122
  • Somos Watershed XC 11122
  • Ultem 1010
  • Ultem 9085
  • Urethane Methacrylate (UMA 90)
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We are trying to evaluate tje host response to implantation of a biomaterial in a tissue defect.
So the antibodies should work on paraffin tissue sections
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We have used CD68 as a pan-macrophage or M1 marker, whereas CD163 may be used as an M2 marker.
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I'm trying to make PCL aligned fibers.
I've tried to adjust voltage, flow rate and needle-collector distance.
Parameters :
- 15% PCL in acetone (weight/volume)
- Needle-collector distance: 5 to 20 cm
- Voltage: 5 to 20 kV
- Flow rate : 1 to 10 mL/h
- Rotating speed: 500 to 2400 rpm
I manage to get fibers (at the lowest rotation speed) but they are not aligned.
I've tried to reduce flow rate, but still the rotation speed is too low and thus fibers are not aligned enough.
Above 500 rpm I can't manage to get a Taylor cone, and the droplet/jet constantly moves and solidifies.
I've read publications using similar parameters to mine and getting aligned fibers, what am I missing ?
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Thank you very much to both of you for your help.
Changing the solvent is not an option, but I will try to wrap the drum with aluminium to see if it makes a difference.
Otherwise I've managed to get fibers at 2000 rpm using lower concentration, and playing around with voltage. They are not perfect yet but it's getting better. Thanks again!
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why bio-material should not be crystalline in nature ? why we try to make sample amorphous for tissue engineering application
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Speaking from a chemistry point of view, amorphous materials are generally soluble in aqueous medium, so when deployed in-vitro, they are expected to be highly soluble and highly biodegradable, so they can produce desirable pharmacokinetics.
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I have received the results from LCMS/MS instrument as intensity, ion number per second (cps). I have also similar data for my standards in the instrument. I could not use internal standard because I have to test biological material (fungi). How can I calculate analyte concentration?
If you send me a formula.
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You are welcome. Best wishes for your future work
Thilini
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There are some analytical programs and numerical modeling software, including COMSOL, 3DSIM, ABAQUS, MARC, ANSYS (using stress analyses), and many other 3D or finite element based methods, which have already been used to find a relation between the parameters of AM processes (e.g. hatch distance, scan speed, and device power) and the properties of final products. It seems that previous researchers could already partially simulate some characteristics of manufactured products by the help of design of experiments/DOE methods (e.g. TAGUCHI) as well as microstructural studies (considering droplet geometry, phases characteristics, grain size, defects, etc.), thermal evaluations (CTE, heat capacity, conductivity, molten pool temperature distribution, etc.), or stress analyses. However, there is still no comprehensive method to precisely evaluate the influence of AM parameters and also the magnitude of their impact on the mechanical properties of the products.
Please let me know what method you think is the most complete, practical, and reliable approach which can best simulate the final properties of the additively-manufactured products using the process parameters.
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The mechanic properties involve many aspects of materials so that it is hard to establish single modeling for comprehensive evaluation. It is better to specify which property is the object of your research. Concerning modeling efforts, stress and strain have been successfully assessed, but for the resultant mechanical properties, maybe we can not obtain a scale value without the discussion of microstructure. Thus, modeling the microstructure at first and then applying an analytical model that states the relationship between microstructure and property would be an indirect route affording your purpose. So phase-field or cellular automaton may be the core section in your modeling section. For connecting the AM parameters and formation conditions of microstructures, multi-physics modeling tool (e.g., COMSOL) would be applied at the first stage.
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Hi everyone. I would like to ask your opinion about storage conditions of biological material such as blood parts (platelet lysate). Our ultra freezer has dropped its temperature due to power loss from -80 to -60 for about 12 hours. Do you think this could affect stored biological material such as blood parts i.e platelet lysate?
Thank you in advance.
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Thank you very much for your answer.
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For my master's thesis, I grow cells on nano/micro-structured surfaces. I have some questions regarding the hydrophilic/hydrophobic nature of cell growth substrates.
I have read that some surfaces, such as pillars, have hydrophobic properties (as shown by water contact angle measurements).
What is the idea behind measuring the water contact angle of surfaces of which topography is changed (but not chemistry)?
For the cells, is the hydrophobicity of the substrate coming from topography change, the same as the hydrophobicity coming from chemical modifications (as for example, coating with hydrophobic molecules)?
For example, is the protein adsorption affected differently?
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Hi,
Water for the contact angles is a convenient common standard, i.e. you state that material interacts that way with a water droplet. It can be opposite! E.g. I have observed the opposite effect with membranes from hydrophobic polymers, where the angle is equivalent to hydrophilic surface. So, I would recommend an experiment in your case.
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I am doing surface modification of polymer films using plasma in order to improve anti bacterial property.
Thickness of polymer film is 60 micron to 1 mm for different polymers.
I want to test it against E-Coli species.
What are the testing methods suitable to such substrates?
This work is in the direction of developing antimicrobial catheter surfaces.
Thank you in advance.
With kind regards,
Purvi
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As mentioned by Mr Damian, you must be sure that you can sterilise the sample without disrupting the plasma treatment. This is usually done through UV B exposure in a cell culture hood. You will need to find a lab which is capable of performing microbial culture. Some people use ISO 22196:2011 although this will only work on very smooth samples. Another option is to use a confocal microscope and either GFP tagged bacteria or a dye such as LIVE/DEAD to quantify bacterial attachment to the surface. We did some similar analysis here and I would recommend reading Andrew Hooks paper on '
Combinatorial discovery of polymers resistant to bacterial attachment. It is important to consider how you expect your polymer to kill bacteria, or just prevent the attachment.
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We can use SPD processes for producing products with many applications. One of them is the Bio application. Do you know about these processes applications in Biomaterials?
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Hi,
The grain size may influence the biocompatibility, so the alloys co-exist better with human tissue. Also, strength is always important for the implants. SPD may give rise to better properties on those aspects.
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Hi! I am curious about the perspectives of bioresorbable Fe-based biomaterials. Are you aware of its real applications in medicine? What are the key issues to be solved before it comes to the market?
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Lactoferrin coating maybe a prospect.
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Do explain in term of BET based parameters such as BET Surface Area, Langmuir surface area, Adsorption-desorption volume of pores and pore diameter.
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Generally specific surface area measurements give an indication of the available surface area which should correlate both with solubility and dissolution rate and therefore with bioavailability. It is necessary therefore to try to make poorly soluble active ingredients in nano form in order to enhance dissolution. Read the chapter: 'Characterization of Nanomaterials' In book: 'Metrology and Standardization of Nanotechnology' DOI: 10.1002/9783527800308.ch7
(January 2017)
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For our ongoing research project " Research on Biomaterials" we need a bulk amount of collagen.
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Dear Zahid
You can use fish scales to extract collagen, since it is discarded as waste you will get large quantity of it.
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for my research am in search of better biomateril to be used for drug delivery to eye
it has to be bio compatible,
need to be in hydrogel form
transparent
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Hey just wondering if anyone has any experience with synthesising 58S bioglass as I'm running into the same problem each time I try. When I'm adding the CaN to the H2O, HCl, TEOS and TEP solution it solidifies to a waxy consistency before I've even added about a tenth of it. I've tried adding the CaN very slowly, or adding more HCl at the beginning etc . I have to synthesise the bioglass for a research project I'm doing as part of my integrated masters degree but I've not studied chemistry or done any chemistry experiments since high school so am pretty lost (I am studying Biomedical Engineering). Any help or pointers welcome. I plan to create different combinations of 58S Bioglass by replacing the Calcium with increasing levels of Strontium. I can provide more experimental details if required. Thanks in advance!
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Why is it important to use calcium nitrate tetrahydrate instead of just calcium oxide when we want to load it on a catalyst support Hannah Read