Biological Physics - Science topic

Introducing the fundamental principles of evolution and genetics in the pedagogy of biology and curricula should emphasize an understanding of the basic evolutionary genetic mechanisms. These mechanisms involve a number of intervening and highly variable biological and environmental parameters that affect the inheritance and development of complex...

This article explores the stability of the solutions to a ψ-Hilfer abstract fractional functional differential equation under feasible hypotheses. By utilizing the Banach fixed point theorem and generalized Grönwall’s inequality, the existence, uniqueness, and stability of the solutions are rigorously established. The analysis distinguishes between...

Objective: The primary objective was to evaluate the antibacterial and remineralizing effects of modified orthodontic primer containing nano-chitosan loaded with bioactive materials (gallic acid and calcium phosphate). The secondary objectives were to assess the physical, mechanical, and chemical properties of the adhesive primer. Materials and met...

Recent advances in 3D printing technology have significantly impacted dentistry, enabling the precise fabrication of 3D-printed denture bases. However, the effects of resin selection, printer type, and glaze application on the biological, physical, and surface properties of these denture base materials remain understudied. This study aimed to evalu...

Importance of legume in cropping system Among the three largest families of flowering plants are legumes. The orders Gramineae (cereals and grasses) and Leguminosae (family of legumes) include the flowering plants that are most significant to global agriculture. There are over 750 genera and 19,000 species of trees, shrubs, climbers, and herbs in t...

Background: Pregnancy is a natural process involving the conception of an ovum and sperm, leading to physical and psychological changes that increase the risk of mental and physical health issues. Pregnant women's quality of life is influenced by their biological, physical, mental, and social functions. Conditions like hyperemesis, discomfort, anxi...

Bioconvection can be defined as an aggregation pattern-generating phenomenon characterized by the collective behavior of swimming microorganisms in response to external influences and self-induced fluid flow, and it has attracted significant interest in the study of microalgae. This review aims to provide a comprehensive examination of this phenome...

Prior to the introduction of papers, in South and Southeast Asian countries, palm leaf was the main medium of writing. As a tropical country, sesame (Palmyra Palm) and palm leaf (Talipot Palm) are two of the most widely grown palm trees in Sri Lanka. Hence, these two types of leaves were used for the preparation of palm leaf based books. The pu...

Mechanisms of blood clot contraction – platelet-driven fibrin network remodeling, are not fully understood. We developed a detailed computational ClotDynaMo model of fibrin network with activated platelets, whose clot contraction rate for normal 450,000/μl human platelets depends on serum viscosity η, platelet filopodia length l, and weakly depends...

Background and Aim: Adolescence is a critical period in personality development and the consolidation of lifestyle habits, in which psychological, biological, physical and social changes occur and the risk of unhealthy habits increases. This phase is key to preventing health problems. Studies have shown that different environments during this criti...

Biological systems often consist of a small number of constituents and are therefore inherently noisy. To function effectively, these systems must employ mechanisms to constrain the accumulation of noise. Such mechanisms have been extensively studied and comprise the constraint by external forces, nonlinear interactions, or the resetting of the sys...

As an etiological factor underlying physical and mental disability in humans, peripheral nerve injuries (PNIs) can induce pain, sensory impairment, and disability. Despite their regenerative ability, peripheral nerves cannot self‐repair after severe defects. While nerve grafting is the gold standard for the treatment of PNIs, it is limited by graft...

Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most harmful heavy metals in the environment, negatively impacting plant growth and development. However, phytoremediation which is an environmentally friendly and cost-effective technique can be used to treat Cd contaminated environments. It effectively removes Cd from polluted soil and water through processes, such as p...

The cancer metastatic cascade includes a series of mechanical barrier-crossing events, involving the physical movement of cancer cells from their primary location to a distant organ. This review describes the physical changes that influence tumour proliferation, progression, and metastasis. We identify potential mechanical signatures at every step...

Ticks and tick-borne diseases significantly impact animal health, public health, and economic productivity globally, particularly in areas where the wildlife–livestock interface complicates management. This review critically examines the current control strategies, focusing on chemical, biological, physical, and integrated pest management (IPM) app...

Renewable energy sources, such as biofuels, represent promising alternatives to reduce dependence on fossil fuels and mitigate climate change. Their production through enzymatic hydrolysis has gained relevance by converting agro-industrial waste into fermentable sugars and residual oils, which are essential for the generation of bioethanol and biod...

The urban water environment, an integral component of the terrestrial hydrosphere, is closely linked to human activities and serves as a fundamental resource for industrial and agricultural development. Sedimentary organic matter in water bodies contains rich biological, physical, and chemical information, playing a central role in nutrient cycling...

O texto aborda a importância das Unidades de Conservação (UCs) como sendo áreas protegidas, destinadas à preservação da biodiversidade e dos recursos naturais. A criação de uma UC envolve a realização de estudos técnicos e consulta pública. Esses estudos devem abranger aspectos como a caracterização física, biológica e socioeconômica, além da delim...

Domestic, industrial and agricultural activities require large amounts of water. This necessitates the need for an effective solution to meet the increasing water demand worldwide. A Huge amount of wastewater is generated daily and when this is left untreated, the contaminants present in these effluents may be harmful to the environment. There are...

The use of extra dimensions has been used in physics for decades, and here we show its usefulness (with two extra time dimensions specifically) to modelling the stock market more accurately, as well as in the pricing of generalized exotic options. These extra 'time motions' can be used to include volatile interest rates, volatile volatility, random...

The prevalence of microplastics in a wide range of environmental media has attracted increasing attention worldwide. This review article provides a comprehensive and systematic review of the nature, sources, hazards, and removal methods of microplastics in the environment. In contrast to previous studies focusing on the sources and risks of micropl...

Introduction: the term occupational risk can be defined as the possibility that a worker suffers a certain injury derived from his workObjective: to argue the importance of the prevention of work accidents and occupational diseases based on risk control and compliance with international standards.Methods: A narrative bibliographic review was carrie...

Background: Autologous fat transplantation has gained increasing attention in the field of cosmetic surgery. However, a series of complications can occur after fat transplantation. Case presentation: A 24-year-old woman presented at our Hospital with nasal skin necrosis and ulceration. She had undergone autologous fat transplantation on the nose...

Musca domestica L. (Diptera: Muscidae) is recognized as one of the most prevalent fly species globally, playing a significant role in the transmission of infections and pathogens that are important in both veterinary and medical contexts. This includes the dissemination of eggs from intestinal helminths, as well as ectoparasites, endoparasites, and...

Filters used in wastewater treatment have the function of capturing solids, microorganisms and chemical compounds, contributing to the improvement of water quality and promoting its sustainability. Among the main filters are sand filters, used because of their low cost and effectiveness in removing suspended solids and reducing turbidity, taking ad...

As cavernas em minério de ferro possuem características físicas, biológicas e atmosféricas tão singulares quanto aquelas em litologias carbonáticas tradicionais, o que as torna aptas para a visitação turística. Partindo deste pressuposto, foram realizadas análises de campo em cavidades naturais na região de Carajás-PA, uma das mais importantes prov...

The 2024 Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to John Hopfield and Geoffrey Hinton, "for foundational discoveries and inventions that enable machine learning with artificial neural networks." As noted by the Nobel committee, their work moved the boundaries of physics. This is a brief reflection on Hopfield's work, its implications for the emergence o...

In low-and middle-income areas, we developed the Water Quality and Safety (WQS) hybrid technique to evaluate drinking water quality and related knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP). The methodology integrates subjective and objective data, addressing biological, physical, and chemical aspects. Our findings show that household (HH) treatment si...

Traditional knowledge, also known as indigenous or ecological knowledge, includes a diverse collection of observations, customs, and beliefs transmitted across generations, supporting the sustainable and responsible stewardship of cultural and natural resources. This understanding is firmly established in the connection between individuals and thei...

Critical Zone studies (CZS) advocated for interdisciplinary approaches and scaling efforts to comprehend the Critical Zone (CZ) as a complex system involving interconnected chemical, biological, physical, and geological processes. However, this focus often overlooks the social, economic and managerial impacts of human activities on the CZ and its a...

Despite the intrinsic charge heterogeneity of proteins plays a crucial role in the liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) of a broad variety of protein systems, our understanding of the effects of their electrostatic anisotropy is still in its early stages. We approach this issue by means of a coarse-grained model based on a robust mean-field descri...

Indigenous knowledge is a collection of observations, practices, beliefs and written and oral knowledge along with annotations that is developed by indigenous peoples and tribes through their interactions with the environment. The “Indigenous Knowledge” is also known as “Traditional Knowledge” or “Traditional Ecological Knowledge”. Indigenous knowl...

Herbicides play a crucial role in modern agriculture to control weeds and facilitate better crop management. Glyphosate-based herbicides are among the most widely used pesticides in the world. Although they are designed to kill weeds, their environmental consequences are significant. Harmful effects on fish, aquatic invertebrates and soil organisms...

Presentamos el planteamiento multimetodológico de una investigación doctoral, previa al análisis y obtención de datos. Desde hace dos décadas los estudios dedicados a los individuos no adultos del pasado se han consolidado en Antropología Biológica y Arqueología. Ambas disciplinas estudian los restos esqueléticos ya que son una evidencia directa de...

Encephalitic alphaviruses (EEVs), Traumatic Brain Injuries (TBI), and organophosphorus nerve agents (NAs) are three diverse biological, physical, and chemical injuries that can lead to long-term neurological deficits in humans. EEVs include Venezuelan, eastern, and western equine encephalitis viruses. This review describes the current understanding...

Introduction: This qualitative study investigates the biological/physical, psychological/emotional, and social impact of workplace bullying

This study aimed to optimize embryogenic callus formation and transformation of the CP57-614 sugarcane variety using particle bombardment. Young leaf explants were cultured on modified Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing different concentrations of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D; auxin) (1, 2, and 4 mg L-1) and two Dicamba concentrati...

Fjords are known for their biodiversity and abundant aquaculture resources. However, climate and anthropogenic pressures are altering fjord biological, physical, and chemical processes that will undoubtedly change the ecosystem as a whole. To investigate the impact of climate change on fjord functioning, this study examines the impacts of drought c...

O concreto armado é amplamente utilizado na construção civil devido à sua resistência e versatilidade, mas está sujeito a patologias que podem comprometer sua durabilidade e segurança estrutural ao longo do tempo. Este estudo de caso tem como objetivo identificar e analisar as patologias presentes nos pilares de concreto armado de um edifício habit...

Motivated by questions in biological physics, we consider a model in which different Brownian particles interact with different thermostats. Computer simulations show that hot particles (i.e., interacting with the hot bath) attract each other when placed in an environment of colder particles (i.e., interacting with the cold thermostat). This paper...

Background: Psychiatric illnesses influence the entire relationship of a family unit. Caregivers provide useful contribution in maintaining the biological, physical, social, moral support. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is proficient, non-pharmacological treatment that is implemented for the management of psychiatric illnesses. ECT is very common...

Integrated Disease Management (IDM) is a holistic approach to controlling plant diseases that combines cultural, biological, physical and chemical strategies to minimize crop losses and ensure sustainable production. In fruit crops, which are perennial and economically significant, effective IDM strategies are vital for maintaining yield and qua...

Las biopelículas son capas delgadas hechas de polímeros naturales, son biodegradables y se utilizan en diversas aplicaciones como el envasado de alimentos, la agricultura y la medicina, debido a sus propiedades sostenibles. En este trabajo se elaboraron películas de almidón adicionadas con vitamina B12. Se evaluaron sus propiedades mecánicas, térmi...

The BioCV dataset is a unique combination of synchronised multi-camera video, marker based optical motion capture, and force plate data, observing 15 healthy participants (7 males, 8 females) performing controlled and repeated motions (walking, running, jumping and hopping), as well as photogrammetry scan data for each participant. The dataset was...

1) Background: A free gingival graft (FGG) is a common technique used to reconstruct or enhance the area of keratinized mucosa, while a connective tissue graft (CTG) is utilized to boost soft tissue thickness, thereby promoting stability in interproximal marginal bone levels. Most reported complications following FGG procedure are associated with t...

Many active systems are capable of forming intriguing patterns at scales significantly larger than the size of their individual constituents. Cyanobacteria are one of the most ancient and important phyla of organisms that has allowed the evolution of more complex life forms. Despite its importance, the role of motility on the pattern formation of t...

Incorporating the inherent heterogeneity of living systems into models of active nematics is essential to provide a more realistic description of biological processes such as bacterial growth, cell dynamics and tissue development. Spontaneous flow of a confined active nematic is a fundamental feature of these systems, in which the role of heterogen...

Coral reefs are under rapid decline due to human pressures such as climate change. Achieving the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework goals, which include restoring 30% of degraded habitats like coral reefs by 2030, requires a comprehensive understanding of their extent and structure, which has been hitherto lacking. We address this limit...

Aim To characterise the size and geometry of coral reefs on a global scale. Location Global. Time Period Present. Major Taxa Studied Coral reefs. Methods We process the Allen Coral Atlas database of shallow‐water tropical reefs to obtain a comprehensive and unprecedented inventory of coral reefs worldwide. We analyse different macroecological a...

1. As the development of nature-based solutions (NbS) increases globally, it is important to ensure that projects meet the objective of benefiting biodiversity, alongside tackling societal challenges. However, most NbS projects do not directly monitor ecological outcomes, and those that do often focus on a limited set of metrics. It is therefore ch...

Bisphenol A (BPA) raises concerns among the scientific community as it is one of the most widely used compounds in industrial processes and a component of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins. In this review, we discuss the mechanism of BPA toxicity in food-grade plastics. Owing to its proliferation in the aqueous environment, we delved into the...

Wool (sheep) and cashmere (goat) fibres have unique biological, physical, and chemical properties and these fibres are becoming more important as the demand for natural products increases. However, these complex protein fibres are at times compromised by natural variability in their properties, and this can impact their use and value. Genetic impro...

We study the dependence of alignment and confinement on the aggregate morphology of self-aligning soft disks(particles) in a planer box (two dimensional) geometry confined along y direction using Langevin dynamics simulations. We show that when the box width decreases, the aggregate wall accumulation becomes non-uniform and displays non-monotonic b...

Energy security is a critical global challenge in the transition to sustainable development. Anaerobic digestion (AD) offers a promising renewable energy solution that mitigates environmental impacts. Algae, as biomass feedstock, have shown significant potential for bioenergy production; however, their complex chemical composition poses challenges...

Air pollution has become a major concern in Bamako. Road traffic is considered the main cause of this pollution. The overall aim of this study is to assess atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide on major roads in Bamako during rush hour. In order to achieve the objectives of this study, the methodology was based on the use of the Testo 535 de...

Different coal seams go through distinct biological, physical, and chemical processes. Polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) in coal may retain information about these processes, especially in low-rank bituminous coals. Three coal seams with different sulfur contents from the Ningwu Coalfield were studied to understand the relation of different sulf...

Copyrighted: Project Description: Quantum physics offers a great opportunity to redefine and reshape human life and consciousness. This research reveals a multidisciplinary approach that combines metaphysics with neuroscience and computer science, and blends communication and psychology. With Quantum Physics, it will be revealed for the first ti...

Colloidal matter undergoing Brownian motion serves as a model system to study various physical phenomena. Understanding the effect of external perturbation on the assembly and dynamics of “Brownian colloids” has emerged as a relevant research issue in soft matter and biological physics. Optical perturbation in the form of photonic forces and torque...

The ability to precisely control the function of nucleic acids plays an important role in biosensing and biomedicine. In recent years, novel strategies employing biological, physical, and chemical triggers have been developed to modulate the function of nucleic acids spatiotemporally. These approaches commonly involve the incorporation of stimuli‐r...

During host infection, Toxoplasma gondii and related unicellular parasites move using gliding, which differs fundamentally from other known mechanisms of eukaryotic cell motility. Gliding is thought to be powered by a thin layer of flowing filamentous (F)-actin sandwiched between the plasma membrane and a myosin-covered inner membrane complex. How...

Ultrasound is an imaging diagnostic method that uses mechanical waves and requires acoustic coupling gel for the efficient transmission of ultrasonic waves. This study investigated Aloe vera gel as an alternative to the commercial gel used in ultrasound exams. The chemical, biological, electrical, and physical aspects of both gels were analyzed usi...

Wastewater generated by the textile industry contains a variety of harmful and complex substances. These effluents can negatively impact aquatic ecosystems and human health if not managed properly. The textile industry relies on various chemicals and water to dye and wash fabric. The textile effluent exhibits vibrant colours, elevated pH levels, in...

Many biotic and abiotic stresses are liable for the reducing production and productivity of rapeseed-mustard.Of all the biotic and abiotic stresses thatthreaten mustard crop, white rust caused by an obligate biotrophic fungus Albugo candida is one of the most devastating. Limited research has been conducted globally, including in India, regarding t...

At the 2023 Les Houches Summer School on Theoretical Biological Physics, several students asked for some background on information theory, and so we added a tutorial to the scheduled lectures. This is largely a transcript of that tutorial, lightly edited. It covers basic definitions and context rather than detailed calculations. We hope to have mai...

Brain activity is characterized by brainwide spatiotemporal patterns that emerge from synapse-mediated interactions between individual neurons. Calcium imaging provides access to recordings of whole-brain activity at single-neuron resolution and, therefore, allows the study of how large-scale brain dynamics emerge from local activity. In this study...

Reaction-diffusion equations model various biological, physical, sociological, and environmental phenomena. Often, numerical simulations are used to understand and discover the dynamics of such systems. Following the extension of the nonlinear Lyapunov theory applied to some class of reaction-diffusion partial differential equations (PDEs), we deve...

Due to the high amounts of pollutants found in clean drinking, the availability of safe drinking water has appeared as a serious global concern. To achieve this, the most recent new concepts or methods must be devised in which a hybrid wastewater treatment method can efficiently eradicate contaminants. Many treatment approaches, including biologica...

The main aim of this research is to elucidate the tradition of Imam Sadegh in order to present appropriate lifestyle since one of the requirements of the actualization of religious society is the formation of Islamic lifestyle through presentation and propagation of reasonable lifestyles based on Islamic teaching. Lifestyle represents the holistic...

The article discusses the biological, physical, and chemical properties of natural drinking and bottled mineral waters and examines their mechanism of effect on human health. It provides information on the criteria that drinking water must meet to be considered safe and offers a comparative analysis of mineral waters. The use of various types of mi...

Experimental methods capable of selectively probing water at the DNA minor groove, major groove, and phosphate backbone are crucial for understanding how hydration influences DNA structure and function. Chiral-selective sum frequency generation spectroscopy (chiral SFG) is unique among vibrational spectroscopies because it can selectively probe wat...

The study aimed to investigate the effects of acute ingestion of saffron (SAF) on physiological (i.e., heart rate and blood lactate) and perceptual (i.e., ratings of perceived exertion [RPE] and feeling scale) measures in response to a repeated-sprint ability test (RSS) in healthy young males (N = 22; mean ± SD: age, 21.7 ± 1.24 yrs.). All particip...

Terrestrial enhanced rock weathering (ERW) is a promising carbon dioxide removal technology that consists in applying ground silicate rock such as basalt on agricultural soils. On top of carbon sequestration, ERW has the potential to raise the soil pH and release nutrients, thereby improving soil fertility. Despite these possible co-benefits, conce...

A city forest is a biotic and abiotic environment composed of a series of ecosystems from biological, physical, economic, and cultural components that are related to one another. We encounter many weeds around the house area and also on managed land such as the Indonesian Tropical Rain Forest Park. Weeds themselves always cause competition between...

Colloidal matter undergoing Brownian motion serves as a model system to study various physical phenomena. Understanding the effect of external perturbation on the assembly and dynamics of Brownian colloids has emerged as a relevant research issue in soft matter and biological physics. Optical perturbation in the form of photonic forces and torques...

Water quality is affected by biological, physical, and chemical changes as a result of both direct and indirect effects of climate change. Pathogenic bacteria in water are one example of biological changes. Physical alterations include warmer water, less ice on rivers and lakes, more stable vertical stratification, less water mixing in deep-water l...

The purpose of this research is assessing the significance of biological and physical seeds invigoration of different aged carrot seeds orders and study their field performance. An implementation of field experiment at station (A) College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences - University of Baghdad during fall season 2021-2022. The experimental des...

The concept of child health has evolved over many decades and has gone from defining health as the absence of disease and disability to a much more sophisticated understanding of the ways in which a confluence of many factors leads to a healthy childhood and to producing the infrastructure for a healthy lifetime. We review the evolution of these id...

Arable soil and crop productivity are severely affected by salinization. Therefore, soil amendments are an important measure for improving saline-alkali soil for agricultural development. Desulfurized gypsum is a common soil amendment that has been used repeatedly alongside organic materials to improve the biological, physical, and chemical propert...

The Antarctic region harbors abundant natural resources that constitute a common heritage site for humankind. However, given climate change and global resource scarcity, natural resource management has emerged as a pivotal issue in Antarctic governance. Assessing the value of natural resources is fundamental and crucial for ensuring their sustainab...

Coastal waters are currently receiving anthropogenic impacts from the mainland that caused the natural conditions to change to higher nutrient content. This study was conducted to examine the spatial and temporal dynamics of trophic status and how zone location and rainfall category affect the distribution of trophic status. Water quality data were...

biological talks

Objectives: One of the largest health concerns, postpartum depression (PPD), has detrimental effects on new mothers, their child, and their family. Investigating under-researched risk factors for postpartum depression in Asian women is the goal of this review of the literature. Methods: The literature was searched using a number of electronic resea...

These are a brief set of lectures notes for lectures given at the Les Houches Summer School in Theoretical Biological Physics in July 2023. In these notes, I provide an introduction to some of the theoretical frameworks that are used to understand how the brain makes sense of incoming signals from the environment to ultimately guide effective behav...

Filaments in the cell commonly treadmill. Driven by energy consumption, they grow on one end while shrinking on the other, causing filaments to appear motile even though individual proteins remain static. This process is characteristic of cytoskeletal filaments and leads to collective filament self-organization. Here we show that treadmilling drive...

Circulating plasma proteins play key roles in human health and can potentially be used to measure biological age, allowing risk prediction for age-related diseases, multimorbidity and mortality. Here we developed a proteomic age clock in the UK Biobank (n = 45,441) using a proteomic platform comprising 2,897 plasma proteins and explored its utility...

This study aims to carry out a bibliometric assessment of the worldwide research literature and historical research results on carbon ion therapy for cancer treatment. To carry out this work, we used the VOSviewer software and the Dimensions database. The VOSviewer software tool examined 2,500 publications exported from the Dimensions database. The...

A plethora of biological, physical, and chemical phenomena involve transport of charged particles (ions). Its continuum-scale description relies on the Poisson–Nernst–Planck (PNP) system, which encapsulates the conservation of mass and charge. The numerical solution of these coupled partial differential equations is challenging and suffers from bot...