Bioengineering - Science topic

The hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) signaling pathway plays a pivotal role in liver development, repair, and regeneration, positioning it as a critical target for therapeutic strategies in treating liver diseases. Dysregulation of this pathway is implicated in a variety of liver pathologies, including chronic liver diseases, fibrosis, and liver canc...

This book provides a comprehensive overview of the cutting-edge research in the bioengineering of halophytes, with a particular focus on advancements in biotechnology, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and genomics.

In the realms of bioengineering and biopharmaceuticals, there exists a critical demand for advanced genetic tools that can interact with specific cell signaling pathways to accurately identify and target various cell types. This research introduces the innovative CRISPR‐ADAReader system, which enables precise manipulation of cell activity through s...

The Research Laboratory of Medical Physics and Bioengineering at the National Cancer Institute of Ukraine holds a significant place in the history of cancer research and treatment. Its contributions reflect the development of medical physics and bioengineering as essential disciplines in oncology. Below is an overview of its history and modern adva...

Chronic wounds, frequently arising from conditions like diabetes, trauma, or chronic inflammation, represent a significant medical challenge due to persistent inflammation, heightened infection risk, and limited treatment solutions. This study presents a novel bioengineered approach to promote tissue repair and improve the healing environment. We d...

We are pleased to announce that De Gruyter (Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Genthiner Str. 13, 10785 Berlin, Germany), a highly reputed international publishing platform, has recently authorized the publication of a forthcoming monograph entitled “Applied Engineering Mathematics - Fluid and Solid Mechanics in Life Science”, to be published in the series “D...

Background End-stage renal disease is a growing global health issue, disproportionately impacting low- and middle-income countries. While kidney transplantation remains the best treatment for end-stage renal disease, access to this treatment modality is limited by chronic donor organ shortages. To address this critical need, we are developing trans...

Hasta el Siglo XIX la Ciencia en general y las Matemáticas en particular, asistieron a un proceso de diferenciación donde surgieron nuevas áreas disciplinares y se abrieron nuevas líneas de investigación, por citar algunos ejemplos tenemos las Geometrías No Euclideanas, la Mecánica Celeste, Teoría de Conjuntos Infinitos, … En el Siglo XX asistimos...

Self‐assembly presents a remarkable approach for creating intricate structures by positioning nanomaterials in precise locations, with control over molecular interactions. For example, material arrays with interplanar distances similar to the wavelength of light can generate structural color through complex interactions like scattering, diffraction...

Autocatalytic reaction present a significant opportunity for the precise spatial and temporal control of dynamic materials, mimicking the characteristics of living matter within autonomous chemical systems. Herein, we have crafted an autocatalytic chemical reaction network (CRN) designed to be incorporated into a dynamic system, allowing for effici...

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, enabling them to rapidly detect and eliminate targets. In addition, many AMPs are natural peptides, making them promising candidates for therapeutic drugs. This review discusses the basic properties and mechanisms of action of AMPs, highlighting their ability to disrupt micro...

A team comprising Rishabh Garg (BITS, India), Anuja Vyas (IEHE Bhopal), and Aamna Khan (IEHE Bhopal) - has decoded the passcode of artificial life by combining simulations, software, robotics, biochemistry, and computer coding. While global scientists continue to explore this frontier, this marks India’s first major breakthrough in the field. The...

The transport of discontinuous oil phases in constricted microchannels is a significant issue within the domains of the petroleum industry, bioengineering, and other industrial processes. During the transport, there is a pressure obstructing the drop flow through the narrow throat, which is named the Jamin effect. In this study, computational fluid...

Hepatic disorders, encompassing conditions such as liver cirrhosis, hepatitis, and hepato-cellular carcinoma, impose a substantial burden on global healthcare systems. Conventional therapeutic approaches, while effective to some extent, often face limitations including poor drug bioavailability, systemic toxicity, and non-specific targeting. Novel...

The stability of slopes is a critical challenge in various civil engineering projects, such as embankments, cut-slopes, landfills, dams, transportation infrastructure, and riverbank restoration. Stabilizing slopes using bioengineering methods is a sustainable approach that limits the negative impact of engineering works; such methods should be impl...

The endometrium plays a fundamental role in the reproductive system yet many etiologies of infertility-related endometrial diseases such as endometriosis, adenomyosis, Asherman's syndrome or endometrial cancer remain unknown. There are currently no treatments that minimize the effects of this devastating disorder. Appropriate model systems that clo...

Understanding the mechanobiology of the human skin at both the macroscopic and microscopic scales not only serves a basic science objective. Such understanding is also essential for protecting the integrity and viability of the skin of patients in hospital and community settings. This chapter demonstrates the translation of knowledge related to ski...

Limnoperna fortunei, the golden mussel, is an invasive mollusk widely distributed in South American aquatic ecosystems and known for its attachment to natural and artificial structures. It is considered a bioengineer because of its ecological impact. This study aims to investigate the environmental factors determining the distribution of the golden...

Recent advances in cancer biology and therapeutics have underscored the importance of preclinical models in understanding and treating cancer. Nevertheless, current models often fail to capture the complexity and patient-specific nature of human tumors, particularly gliomas. This review examines the strengths and weaknesses of such models, highligh...

Synaptic plasticity dynamically shapes the connectivity of neural systems and is key to learning processes in the brain. To what extent the mechanisms of plasticity can be exploited to drive a neural network and make it perform some kind of computational task remains unclear. This question, relevant in a bioengineering context, can be formulated as...

The world’s fossil-energy resources are decreasing, which has been led to an increasing desire to produce fuels from organic waste to create a competitive, resource-efficient and low-carbon sustainable economy. As source of biocatalysts, rumen harbor the specific microbial communities of fungi, protozoa, archaea, bacteria, and viruses. Herein, micr...

Precision fermentation processes, especially when using edited microorganisms, demand accuracy in the bioengineering process to maximize the desired outcome and to avoid adverse effects. The selection of target sites to edit using CRISPR/Cas9 can be complex, resulting in non-controlled consequences. Therefore, the use of multi-omics strategies can...

Current human pluripotent stem cell-derived kidney organoids contain nephron-like structures that lack organotypic patterning. It is thought that during human development, nephrons form their proximal-distal axial polarity in response to collecting duct-derived signals that are absent in kidney organoids. To delineate how nephron polarities establi...

This research investigates heavy metals in groundwater from typical industrial parks in Southwest China, in addition to their pollution characteristics and health risks. The findings revealed that the concentrations of Fe, Mn, and Cu in three typical industrial parks in Southwest China exceeded the Class III thresholds of China groundwater quality...

Coacervates have been investigated as protocells or synthetic cells, as well as subcellular compartments for the creation of new materials, thus bridging the gap between living and non‐living systems in materials science, synthetic biology, and bioengineering. Given the design flexibility and simplicity of coacervates, along with the functionality...

This chapter addresses the concept of stream rehabilitation planning. Various terms such as river and stream rehabilitation, restoration, reclamation, and remediation used in studies are discussed in more detail. Then, the historical background of the implementation of rehabilitation measures in five phases from 1860 to 2000s is presented. The foll...

Cancer remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality globally, prompting continuous exploration of innovative therapeutic modalities. eMedica’s electron-driven cell therapy represents a promising frontier in cancer treatment, harnessing the principles of cellular physiology to enhance therapeutic efficacy. This paper elucidates the f...

Abstract: The development of multidrug-resistant bacteria (MDRB) and the emergence of new lethal diseases have raised the need for potent anti-infective agents with different killing action mechanisms that contribute to treating and/or supporting the currently used drugs. For this purpose, bacteriocins are considered excellent candidates with promi...

Silk and polycaprolactone (PCL), derived from natural and synthetic sources, respectively, are suture materials commonly used in surgery. Beyond their application in sutures, they are also compelling subjects in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. This study evaluated the effects of degummed silk microfibers compared to electrospun PCL mi...

Glycolysis is a fundamental topic in the biochemistry curriculum, pivotal for understanding glucose metabolism, and it stands as a challenging subject in various life science disciplines, including microbiology, marine biology, zoology, cell biology, and bioengineering. The process of glycolysis encompasses 10 successive reactions, involving nume...

Numerous organisms in nature have demonstrated enhanced biocompatibility, precise tumor targeting capabilities, and efficient tissue traversal within the human body. Drawing inspiration from these organisms, researchers have employed bioengineering, bioconjugation, and micro‐ or nanotechnology to fabricate bioinspired micro‐ and nanostructured syst...

Introduction. This study evaluated the effects of 12 sessions of treatment with Pulsed Electromagnetic Field (PEMF - Supramaximus®) in elderly individuals with sarcopenia. Sarcopenia involves the loss of muscle mass and function, impacting quality of life and increasing the risk of falls and mortality. Technologies like PEMF may offer effective alt...

Background: Phage therapy, a treatment utilizing bacteriophages to combat bacterial infections, is gaining attention as a promising alternative to antibiotics, particularly for managing antibiotic-resistant bacteria. This study aims to provide a comprehensive review of phage therapy by examining its safety, efficacy, influencing factors, future pro...

The inherent complexities of excitable cardiac, nervous, and skeletal muscle tissues pose great challenges in constructing artificial counterparts that closely resemble their natural bioelectrical, structural, and mechanical properties. Recent advances have increasingly revealed the beneficial impact of bioelectrical microenvironments on cellular b...

Metal halide perovskites have demonstrated exceptional multifunctionality, finding applications in photovoltaics, light-emitting devices and sensors, which has stimulated intense research interest. Recently, their integration into biomimetic devices has emerged as a promising frontier, exploiting the unique optoelectronic properties of perovskites...

In the ongoing pursuit of sustainable farming techniques, the constant fight against aphids remains an essential frontier. Aphids are well-known agricultural pests and they continue to jeopardize global crop production, necessitating an immediate demand for sustainable pest control methods. Conventional chemical insecticides not only harm the quali...

Macrophages are crucial in the heart’s development, function, and injury. As part of the innate immune system, they act as the first line of defense during cardiac injury and repair. After events such as myocardial infarction or myocarditis, numerous macrophages are recruited to the affected areas of the heart to clear dead cells and facilitate tis...

Vanillin, an aromatic aldehyde, is one of the most popular flavors worldwide, extensively used in the food, cosmetics, pharmaceutical, and agrochemical industries. Despite its widespread use, less than 1% of the total vanillin production is natural, with the majority being synthesized chemically. While chemical synthesis can help to meet the growin...

Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by brain lesions that limit normal daily activities and represent a major challenge to healthcare systems worldwide, with a significant economic impact. Nanotechnology is the science of manipulating matter at the nanoscale, where materials exhibit unique properties that are significantly different from t...

Synaptic plasticity dynamically shapes the connectivity of neural systems and is key to learning processes in the brain. To what extent the mechanisms of plasticity can be exploited to drive a neural network and make it perform some kind of computational task remains unclear. This question, relevant in a bioengineering context, can be formulated as...

Bioengineered organs have been seen as a promising strategy to address the shortage of transplantable organs. However, it is still difficult to achieve heterogeneous structures and complex functions similar to natural organs using current bioengineering techniques. This work introduces the methods and dilemmas in organ engineering and existing chal...

Microorganisms sustain life on our planet. Today, it is clear that they play an essential role in the development and advancement of humanity. In fact, understanding and comprehending everything related to them has marked milestones in science, technology and innovation. Mathematical modeling of viruses, bacteria, fungi and parasites has become a f...

Cardiac tissue engineering (CTE) represents a promising avenue for addressing cardiovascular diseases by creating bioengineered constructs capable of regenerating damaged heart tissue. Gold nanorods (GNRs), with their unique optical, electrical, and mechanical properties, have garnered attention as a tool for enhancing cell-material interactions, e...

Location-centric manifestations of Unidentified Anomalous Phenomena (UAP) appear directly linked to variations in electric and magnetic (EM) field intensity. At sites where objects manifest as light balls, the assertion is that natural and technological UAP may co-exist. Two robust models are proposed to explain these co-existing phenomena: a therm...

Este artigo revisa os fundamentos fisiológicos, as melhores práticas baseadas em evidências e os avanços tecnológicos aplicados à cicatrização de feridas. A pesquisa foi realizada em bases científicas renomadas, incluindo PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science e UpToDate, além de livros consagrados na área de cirurgia plástica, como Grabb and Smith's Plast...

Adaptive Mesh Refinement (AMR) in numerical methods for Fractional Differential Equations (FDEs) represents a powerful approach to addressing the computational challenges associated with these equations, which often exhibit nonlocal behavior and singularities. FDEs, which generalize traditional differential equations by involving derivatives of non...

Despite their strengths in flexibility and miniaturization, the stable operation of soft actuators under ever‐changing environmental and biological conditions is hindered by the lack of applicable methods using internal sensors to detect unintentional stimuli. Here, the integration of a microscale driving source and sensors in a single fiber via th...

This research work introduces and compares some novel automatic skin tumor classification frameworks. The first proposed technique recognizes successfully the skin tumors as either benign or malignant tumors, by applying a deep learning classification model. So, a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)-based classifier is built and then trained and val...

The clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats (CRISPR) /CRISPR‐associated proteins (Cas) system is the immune system in bacteria and archaea and has been extensively applied as a critical tool in bioengineering. Investigation of the mechanisms of catalysis of CRISPR/Cas systems in intracellular environments is essential for understanding...

Article Piezocatalytic ZnS: Mn2+ Nanocrystals for Enhanced Organic Dye Degradation Zhongxiang Wang 1, Elizaveta Tiukalova 2, Youyi Tai 3, Miaofang Chi 2, Jin Nam 3,* and Yadong Yin 1,* 1 Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA 2 Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN...

This Special Issue of Bioengineering presents cutting-edge research on the applications of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) in medical and biological contexts [...]

High-stakes debates often pivot on clashing estimates of outcomes that one side sees as so improbable as not to deserve policy prioritization. These debates are especially intractable when they focus on rare events ranging from disasters (e.g., existential risks from Artificial Intelligence, nuclear war, or bioengineered pandemics) to surprising su...

The advancement of tissue engineering (TE) is driven by the development of scaffolds that mimic the mechanical, spatial, and biological environment of the extracellular matrix (ECM), crucial for regulating cell behavior and tissue repair. Hydrogels, 3D networks of polymer chains, are particularly suited for TE due to their high biocompatibility, ab...

Malaria pathology is driven by the accumulation of Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes in microvessels¹. This process is mediated by the polymorphic erythrocyte membrane protein 1 (PfEMP1) adhesion proteins of the parasite. A subset of PfEMP1 variants that bind to human endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR) through their CIDRα1 domains is r...

Key message PAs varied greatly in leaves of different germplasm accessions in Lotus corniculatus and over-expression of LcMYB5 led to high PA accumulation in L. japonicus hairy roots. Abstract Proanthocyanidins (PAs) content in leaves is an important quality trait in forage species. The leaves of most forage crops accumulated no or little PAs, whi...

In the original publication [...]

Enucleated cells, also known as cytoplasts, are valuable tools with a wide range of applications. However, their potential for bio-engineering is greatly restricted by the short lifespan. We postulated that the enucleation process damages the integrity of the plasma membrane and thus activates a cell death program(s). The results showed that a tiny...

The development of effective vaccines necessitates a delicate balance between maximizing immunogenicity and minimizing safety concerns. Subunit vaccines, while generally considered safe, often fail to elicit robust and durable immune responses. Nanotechnology presents a promising approach to address this dilemma, enabling subunit antigens to mimic...

Over the past two decades, research on innovative micro- and nano-biomaterials has seen a significant surge in the bioengineering, biomedicine, and regenerative medicine fields [...]

Sepsis is a life-threatening disease caused by the overwhelming response to pathogen infections. Currently, treatment options for sepsis are limited to broad-spectrum antibiotics and supportive care. However, the growing resistance of pathogens to common antibiotics complicates treatment efforts. Excessive immune response (i.e., cytokine storm) can...

Burn injuries impact millions worldwide, causing significant physical and psychological burdens due to scarring, limited function, and the risk of infection. Traditional skin grafting techniques have limitations in restoring full skin function and appearance, creating an urgent need for improved treatment methods. Bioengineered skin offers a promis...

As global temperatures rise, improving crop yields will require enhancing the thermotolerance of crops. One approach for improving thermotolerance is using bioengineering to increase the thermostability of enzymes catalysing essential biological processes. Photorespiration is an essential recycling process in plants that is integral to photosynthes...

Introduction Elastin is a key protein in tendons and ligaments, responsible for providing elasticity, which allows these tissues to withstand mechanical stress and maintain joint stability. However, elastin integrity can decline due to factors such as aging, genetics, or injury, leading to joint instability, chronic pain, and a heightened risk of f...

Strategies in genetic and pharmacological modulation of innate immunity to enhance oncolytic virotherapy (OV) efficacy are being explored. We have recently characterized the ability for vanadium-based compounds, a class of pan-phosphatase (PP) inhibitors, to potentiate OVs. We next sought to identify PPs that could be targeted to enhance OVs, akin...

Structure complexed flavonoid glycosides are phytochemicals important for plant defense against environmental stresses as well as human health. Biotechnology production of valuable flavonoid glycosides meets the necessity of higher yield and purity than plant extraction. The huge gene families of plant UDP-glycosyltransferase (UGT) contribute to th...

Tissue engineering, despite decades of focus on medical applications, has yielded minimal progress in this respect, drastically dissimilar to the avalanche of efforts undertaken. There’s no even a conceptual approach, besides recently sprung up “Linear Volumetric Printing”. Which, however, has not yet been tested even on biocompatible materials. Wh...

The goal of sustainable agriculture is to meet the rising need for food, while minimizing adverse impacts on the environment, protecting natural resources, and ensuring agricultural output over the long term. The pressing need to increase agricultural yield through sustainable agriculture is being emphasized. Several Bacillus species have been used...

Anisotropy can be effectively achieved with bilayer hydrogels, but the straightforward fabrication of actuated hydrogels with various stimulus responses is still difficult. This work describes the construction of temperature- and near-infrared light (NIR)-driven photosensitive bilayer hydrogels. In order to ensure that the prepared bilayers are tun...