Automation - Science topic

Cookie notices (or cookie banners) are a popular mechanism for websites to provide (European) Internet users a tool to choose which cookies the site may set. Banner implementations range from merely providing information that a site uses cookies over offering the choice to accepting or denying all cookies to allowing fine-grained control of cookie...

Reconfigurable Manufacturing System (RMS) provides a cost-effective approach for manufacturers to adapt to fluctuating market demands by reconfiguring assets through automated analysis of asset utilization and resource allocation. Achieving this automation necessitates a clear understanding, formalization, and documentation of asset capabilities an...

Explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) refers to machine learning techniques, or general methods in artificial intelligence, for which the underlying decision logic and outcomes can be explained. It addresses the tradeoff between powerful but opaque machine learning models by shedding light into the black boxes. Thus, XAI are applicable only for...

In the rapidly changing organizations, the importance of inclusive service design is growing, both for external relations and internal communities. In our case study, we explored the synergy between process improvement and automation for the inclusive digital transformation at a large Nordic organization. Merging the governance of Robotic Process A...

Organizations crave to succeed in the ongoing digital transformation, and central to this is the quality of data as a major source for business innovation. Data quality tools promise to increase the quality of data by managing and automating the different tasks of data quality management. However, established tools often lack support for the fundam...

The recent progress of Financial Information System (FIS) has significantly affected businesses' sustainable production process. Businesses generally employ FIS to automate their operational procedures and increase their corporate efficiencies through improvement in output quality and sustainability. The performance of FIS has been attributed to it...

Automated tools for waste quantification hold promise in providing preciser understanding of food waste. This study evaluated a tool to quantify plate waste in primary school canteens. It encompassed data from 421,015 instances of food wastage. The evaluation revealed high accuracy, with the tool's plate waste detection falling within ±10% of manua...

With the introduction of automated vehicles, new operating regimes for public transport services will become possible. A station-based Automated Transit on Demand service could be an attractive alternative to the current modes of transportation. In this paper, the impact of this kind of service on the modal share for the city of Zurich, Switzerland...

Conversational AI offers novel opportunities for companies to automate customer interactions. However, many companies grapple with effectively implementing conversational AI. Utilizing an engaged, consortium-based research approach, we examine the unique challenges faced by six companies in the insurance and banking sector while implementing conver...

AGU Annual Meeting 2023 will be in San Francisco, CA 11-15 December 2023. Link: https://agu23.ipostersessions.com/Default.aspx?s=34-39-1E-64-8E-17-FE-7A-F6-36-69-82-F8-CD-01-1E Abstract link: https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm23/meetingapp.cgi/Paper/1346171

Algorithms increasingly take on tasks traditionally performed by humans. They not only serve as co-workers to their human counterparts but increasingly take over management tasks by supervising and coordinating human workers-a phenomenon referred to as Algorithmic Management (AM). There is a growing research interest in this topic, but currently, t...

Automation Reloaded: Industry 4.0 in Warehousing Solutions is a testament to Somil's dedication and passion for his field. With his unique blend of hands-on experience and academic achievements, he offers readers a profound exploration of how Industry 4.0 is reshaping the warehousing landscape. Through this book, he aims to provide readers with a c...

Large Language Models (LLMs) have received significant attention due to their potential to transform the field of education and assessment through the provision of automated responses to a diverse range of inquiries. The objective of this research is to examine the efficacy of three LLMs-ChatGPT, BingChat, and Bard-in relation to their performance...

Network management relies on extensive monitoring of network state to analyse network behavior, design optimizations , plan upgrades, and conduct troubleshooting. Network monitoring collects various data from network devices through different protocols and interfaces such as NETCONF and Syslog, and from monitoring tools such as Zeek and Osquery. To...

Addressing the challenge of generating personalized feedback for programming assignments is demanding due to several factors, like the complexity of code syntax or different ways to correctly solve a task. In this experimental study, we automated the process of feedback generation by employing OpenAI's GPT-3.5 model to generate personalized hints f...

Self-regulated learning (SRL) is important for computer science education. Yet, students often do not have SRL skills to benefit their learning. In this study, we examined 187 (n=187) students' SRL behaviors while they built programs with an automated feedback tool. Anchored in Winne and Hadwin's (1998) COPES model of SRL, our results showed that n...

This paper introduces a microservice-based architecture designed to enable automation of network programma-bility and management. Amid the complexity of today's networks and the diversity of equipment, achieving efficient and reliable network programmability poses a significant challenge. Our architecture leverages the OpenConfig YANG models and th...

Novel display technologies, such as lightfield displays, have become increasingly available. In the automotive domain, these are already in use or are to be used in the future. However, their effect on the user is yet to be explored. Therefore, we conducted a within-subject study (N=15) comparing a baseline visualization of information about automa...

p>Electronic Medical Records (EMRs) contain patients’ history related to their medication, vaccine, test results and insurance information. EMRs need to be stored to facilitate the application of clinical treatment and prevention protocols. Clustering algorithms automate the process of information extraction and support health data management. Henc...

A screening experiment attempts to identify a subset of important effects using a relatively small number of experimental runs. Given the limited run size and a large number of possible effects, penalized regression is a popular tool used to analyze screening designs. In particular, an automated implementation of the Gauss-Dantzig selector has been...

Die Automatisierung und Hybridisierung der schriftlichen Kommunikation wirft grundlegende Fragen für die schreibdidaktische Forschung auf. Dazu stelle ich im vorliegenden Beitrag einige theoretische Überlegungen an und gebe erste Einblicke in eine Design-Research-Studie zum Schreiben mit ChatGPT in der 8. Klasse. Ich problematisiere zunächst das in...

span lang="EN-US">This article examines the widespread introduction of artificial intelligence technologies, means of their implementation and support as a determining factor in the development of scientific and technological progress. On this basis, various advanced objects of various functional purposes are created, which are characterized as “sm...

span lang="EN-US">A number of benefits have been reported for computer-based assessments over traditional paper-based exams, both in terms of IT support for question development, reduced distribution and test administration costs, and automated support. Possible for the ranking. However, existing computerized assessment systems do not provide all k...

Nowadays, creating a blockchain-based system for supply chain tracing is a complex task. This paper defines a model, a graphical domain specific language, and a set of tools aimed at helping supply chain domain experts to create blockchain based tracing systems for their supply chains. Starting from a graphical representation of the supply chain, t...

Pivoting is a sophisticated strategy employed by modern malware and Advanced Persistent Threats (APT) to complicate attack tracing and attribution. Detecting pivoting activities is of utmost importance in order to counter these threats effectively. In this study, we examined the detection of pivoting by analyzing network traffic data collected over...

The current political and regulatory discourse frequently references the term "trustworthy artificial intelligence (AI)." In Europe, the attempts to ensure trustworthy AI started already with the High-Level Expert Group Ethics Guidelines for Trustworthy AI and have now merged into the regulatory discourse on the EU AI Act. Around the globe, policym...

Recent advances in natural language processing have increased interest in automatic question generation, particularly in education (e.g., math, biology, law, medicine, and languages) due to its efficiency in assessing comprehension. Specifically, multiple-choice questions have become popular, especially in standardized language proficiency tests. H...

Malaria is a potentially fatal infectious disease caused by the Plasmodium parasite. The mortality rate can be significantly reduced if the condition is diagnosed and treated early. However, in many underdeveloped countries, the detection of malaria parasites from blood smears is still performed manually by experienced hematologists. This process i...

El diseño y la construcción de un prototipo de compactadora de cartón son detallados en este documento. En comparación con los modelos comerciales actuales, se busca reducir notablemente el costo de producción y permitir un buen volumen de trabajo. Se contará con un sistema de potencia hidráulico y un armazón que la hará adecuada para uso en exteri...

Determining the constellation of football players determines a team's success when competing on the field. Disassembling players is an option that must be made considering performance history and costs. This research experiments with K-Means to automate the search for groups of players based on performance and price history. Grouping can achieve a...

The proposed structure of an automated system of operational dispatch control of a complex technological complex using the criterion of noise immunity for decision-making. On the basis of the proposed noise immunity criterion for the operational dispatch control system of a complex technological complex, tasks are formulated that ensure forecasting...

Most studies of shared autonomous vehicles (SAVs) have assumed established automated driving technology. In contrast, this study assumes that automated driving technology is not yet mature; it proposes two types of models to optimize the number of SAVs and the sections they travel. The first model (i.e., the ‘actual depot model’) does not consider...

Mechanical metamaterials, whose unique mechanical properties stem from their structural design rather than material constituents, are gaining popularity in engineering applications. In particular, recent advances in self-assembly techniques offer the potential to fabricate load-bearing mechanical metamaterials with unparalleled feature size control...

Due to rapid technological advances such as the development of automated trading systems enabling algorithmic trading, financial market observers could hypothesize that this evolution must have resulted in fundamental changes of financial markets over time. In the literature on mathematical statistics, this feature is often described as “non-ergodi...

The report presents a roadmap for logistic redesign based on the AEGIS use cases. It outlines one logistics redesign roadmap for short sea shipping where the cargo is containers, and one for inland waterways shipping where the cargo is roro trailers.

e-Commerce today is a remarkable experience. However, finding and purchasing a right quality product based on numerous product reviews and manual rating in the e-commerce websites utilize much time among the consumers. This paper presents the problems faced by the consumers when buying products in e-commerce websites and a solution to solve the pro...

We present a method for regulating the laser energy output with a software-controlled waveplate–polariser configuration. By implementing this technology, we have effectively eliminated energy output fluctuations over time, allowing for the laser to reach its nominal energy up to 2 h earlier. Our testing demonstrates a stability of 2.8% (RMS), verif...

The use of Machine Learning exhibits significant promise in facilitating advancements in the field of education. It is vital to conduct a comprehensive review of existing research to ascertain the significance of utilizing Machine Learning as a viable approach to enhance educational advancements. This bibliometric analysis provides a comprehensive...

Increasing volatility in manufacturing and rising sustainability requirements demand more efficient processes in production, especially in employee qualification and engineering during development and on-site adjustments before and after the start of production. One possible solution is using digital twins for virtual commissioning, which can speed...

Information and technology (IT) based tools are widely used in all phases of the disaster management cycle (DMC), improving the effectiveness of the prevision-prevention, preparedness, response, and recovery phases. The availability of on-field collected data provides an answer to the need to represent the scenario in which decision-makers will int...

Review on Automated Skin Cancer Detection Using Image Processing Technique

Future challenges in manufacturing will require automation systems with robots that are increasingly autonomous, flexible, and hopefully equipped with learning capabilities. The flexibility of production processes can be increased by using a combination of a flexible human worker and intelligent automation systems. The adoption of middleware softwa...

Minimizing frictional resistance is crucial for ensuring the safety and smooth progress of pipe jacking construction. However, due to the unpredictability of geological conditions, it is difficult to grasp the frictional resistance during construction, which poses challenges to safe and smooth construction. In order to reduce the frictional resista...

Micro-tools comprising difficult-to-machine materials have seen widespread application in micro-manufacturing to satisfy the demands of micro-part processing and micro-device development. Taking micro-shafts as an example, the related developmental technology, based on wire electric discharge grinding (WEDG) as the core method, is one of the key te...

Automated log parsing is essential for many log-mining applications, as logs provide a vast range of information on events and variations within an operating system or software at runtime. Over the years, various methods have been proposed for log parsing. With improved log-parsing methods, log-mining applications can gain deeper insights into syst...

Goal modeling is commonly proposed and used for early requirements engineering, allowing easy documentation of high-level requirements and their interrelations. In recent years, goal models have often been suggested to support the definition and analysis of cyber-physical systems, also from the industry automation domain. For the future of manufact...

A reasonable and balanced diet is essential for maintaining good health. With advancements in deep learning, an automated nutrition estimation method based on food images offers a promising solution for monitoring daily nutritional intake and promoting dietary health. While monocular image-based nutrition estimation is convenient, efficient and eco...

In this paper, we introduce a new and advanced multi-feature selection method for bacterial classification that uses the salp swarm algorithm (SSA). We improve the SSA’s performance by using opposition-based learning (OBL) and a local search algorithm (LSA). The proposed method has three main stages, which automate the categorization of bacteria ba...

This paper analyzes the use of the automated aftershock hazards assessment system (AFCAST) through the example of a series of aftershocks of the M w 7.8 earthquake in Turkey of February 6, 2023 (the Pazarcik earthquake). The paper presents automated estimates of the aftershock activity area, the magnitude of the strongest aftershock, and the durati...

Invited presentation at VDI Conference 2023 on Adaptive-Replay-to-Sim (ARTS) and Prototype-in-the-Loop resp. Mixed Reality as novel simulation-based methods for the development, training, test and validation of automotive Artificial Intelligence and Automated Driving Systems. Additionally recent approaches by the PEGASUS VVM propject are summarized...

Static analysis is a software testing technique that analyzes the code without executing it. It is widely used to detect vulnerabilities, errors, and other issues during software development. Many tools are available for static analysis of Java code, including SpotBugs. Methods that perform a security check must be declared private or final; otherw...

The eLearning approach to programming language instruction has gained widespread acceptance due to advantages such as accessibility, temporal flexibility, and content reusability. However, the current eLearning for programming predominantly employs the delivery of one-size-fits-all content, engendering elevated costs in both the development of lang...

In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) tools have been increasingly used in family businesses. This is due to the numerous benefits that come with using AI-powered systems, such as improved efficiency through task automation, higher productivity, better customer experience and better decision making. However, empirical research has shown tha...

Objective This study aimed to examine the performance of machine learning models in predicting the progression of knee pain, functional decline, and incidence of knee osteoarthritis (OA) in high-risk individuals, with automated machine learning (AutoML) being used to automate the prediction process. Design There were four stages in the process of...

The purpose of the study is to summarise the requirements for VAT taxation of services in foreign economic activity in order to form algorithms for reflecting transactions in accounting and information systems, and to audit such transactions. The article analyses the procedure for accounting for exports and imports of services from the point of vie...

Automated assistants for marking student assignments in a university setting, focused on ICT-based modules, can provide significant benefits for instructors , such as reducing workload and ensuring consistent and objective evaluations of student work. However, existing automated assessment systems have limitations and tend to focus on marking progr...

This research explores a solution to optimise room temperature comfort in Masjid Nurhidayatullah Maguwoharjo. Mosques are susceptible to temperature and humidity fluctuations, which can affect the worship experience of congregants. To address this challenge, the study developed an automated fan system that dynamically responds to environmental chan...

La importancia que tiene el pensamiento computacional en el desarrollo del pensamiento y aprendizaje de las matemáticas se precisa desde métodos y técnicas utilizados para resolver de forma sistemática y algorítmica operaciones que demandan la automatización de conocimientos ordenados y secuenciales, trasladando cada mecanismo al tratamiento de...

Resumo As agências de fomento dos países desenvolvidos começaram a exigir o depósito, em acesso aberto, dos dados de pesquisa, para isso eles precisam cumprir exigências que permitam sua integridade, completude, qualidade e correta descrição dos seus metadados. Surgem assim, os Princípios FAIR - Findability, Accessibility, Interoperability, and Reu...

L'étude présentée étudie l'existence d'un biais d'automatisation dans un contexte d'arbitrage à fort enjeu entre une aide automatisée et une aide humaine. En situation d'arbitrage, il est observé qu'à fiabilité égale, l'individu préfère choisir une aide automatisée qu'une aide humaine (Dzindolet et al, 2002). Cependant, d'autres études montrent que...

Objectives White blood cell (WBC)-related flags are essential for detecting abnormal cells including blasts in automated hematology analyzers (AHAs). Cell population data (CPD) may characterize each WBC population, and customized CPD rules can be also useful for detecting blasts. We evaluated the performance of WBC-related flags, customized CPD rul...

O objeto do presente estudo é identificar como a evolução da transformação digital do governo pode impactar a prática do ato administrativo discricionário. Vivenciamos uma época de grandes transformações trazidas pelo avanço descomunal da tecnologia, estamos na era exponencial. O futuro não é, e não será, a simples continuação do presente. Velhos p...

The intention of this paper is to point to the dilemma humanity may face in light of AI advancements. The dilemma is whether to create a world with less evil or maintain the human status of moral agents. This dilemma may arise as a consequence of using automated decision-making systems for high-stakes decisions. The use of automated decision-making...

The increasing adoption of automated technologies in the world of work results in starkly opposing predictions. Some scholars argue that these technologies could lead to the utopian emancipation of society from economic necessity and meaningless work (Srnicek and Williams 2015, Bastani 2019, Danaher 2019); other scholars warn of the unintended tech...

This paper addresses the problem of automated modelling of discrete-event processes from event traces that capture the process behaviour. A novel method for building Petri nets (PN) that include silent transitions is presented. The method discovers workflow nets (WFN), a class of PN, from logs of event traces λ. The proposed approach is based on a...

Computer- Aided Diagnosis (CAD) systems have importance in medical field since it helps to diagnose and detect many deadly diseases in its primary stages. Breast cancer is considered as one of the major causes of non-accidental death in women worldwide. Early detection and diagnosis of the disease let the doctor to administer suitable treatment, an...

Terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) technology is attracting increasing interest in construction, architecture and engineering, with outstanding advantages such as highly automated, non-contact operations and the ability to collect a large amount of data in a short period of time. Today, many facilities lack the necessary technical documentation or ha...

This work has been submitted to the Systems Engineering Journal for possible publication. Copyright may be transferred without notice, after which this version may no longer be accessible. This article researches the interaction between two complex systems, being a complex cyber-physical system and the development organization. The impact of autom...

Segmentation and tracking are essential preliminary steps in the analysis of almost all live cell imaging applications. Although the number of open-source software systems that facilitate automated segmentation and tracking continue to evolve, many researchers continue to opt for manual alternatives for samples that are not easily auto-segmented, t...

Artificial intelligence represents an increasing influence in various areas of human activity. Its applications in education are increasingly expanding. AI is used to improve educational outcomes, automate administrative tasks, and create personalized approaches to education. The growing use of AI in education is causing concern due to its signific...

The Internet of Things (IoT) technology is experiencing significant growth and integration into various aspects of daily life. With the rising number of connected devices, diverse security challenges are emerging as substantial threats to IoT. Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) is one of the major security risks in web services and so is within the applica...

In this paper, we investigate some polynomial conditions that arise from Euclidean geometry. First we study polynomials related to quadrilaterals with supplementary angles, this includes convex cyclic quadrilaterals, as well as certain concave quadrilaterals. Then we consider polynomials associated with quadrilaterals with some equal angles, which...

Objective To propose a reformulated Industrial Automation Pyramid that reflects the main Fourth Industrial Revolution concepts provided by the literature regarding hierarchy, information flow and external connections

The higher elevations of the southern Appalachian Mountains, U.S.A., host a rich, but little-studied fauna of Proturan hexapods. Here, we publish 117 Proturan barcode sequences from this region, estimated by automated species delimitation methods to represent 72 distinct species, whereas only nine species have previously been reported from the regi...

Automated accounts on social media that impersonate real users, often called “social bots,” have received a great deal of attention from academia and the public. Here we present experiments designed to investigate public perceptions and policy preferences about social bots, in particular how they are affected by exposure to bots. We find that befor...